Guía 14 Metabolismo y Hormona Tiroidea

UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA PARTICULAR DE LOJA
DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD

SECCIÓN PRECLÍNICA
TITULACIÓN DE MEDICINA
METABOLISMO Y HORMONA TIROIDEA.
Nombres y apellidos del estudiante: Jorge Andrés Cueva Belduma.
Nombres y apellidos del docente: Dra. Luz Gabriela Chávez.
Fecha: 11 de enero del 2024.
Paralelo: B
Periodo Académico
Octubre 2023 – Febrero 2024
11/1/24, 18:41 PhysioEx Exercise 4 Activity 1
PhysioEx Lab Report

Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology
Activity 1: Metabolism and Thyroid Hormone
Name: Jorge A. Cueva Belduma
Date: 11 January 2024
Session ID: session-6f67d80b-02fa-7795-10d4-fdc16a9c0337
Pre-lab Quiz Results

You scored 100% by answering 6 out of 6 questions correctly.
1 Which of the following statements about metabolism is false?
You correctly answered: All of the energy from metabolism is ultimately stored in the
chemical bonds of ATP.
2 Thyroxine is
You correctly answered: the most important hormone for maintaining the metabolic rate
and body temperature.
3 Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is
You correctly answered: produced in the pituitary gland.
4 An injection of TSH to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the following?
You correctly answered: goiter development.
5 Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is
You correctly answered: secreted by the hypothalamus.
6 Which of the following statements is true?
You correctly answered: The hypothalamus primarily secretes tropic hormones that
stimulate the secretion of other hormones.
Experiment Results
Predict Questions
1 Predict Question 1: Make a prediction about the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the
remaining rats compared with the BMR of the normal rat you just measured.
Your answer: The BMR of both remaining rats will be lower than the normal rat's BMR.
https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_ap/physioex/10/ex4/act1/ 1/13
2 Predict Question 2: What do you think will happen after you inject thyroxine into the
three rats?
Your answer: The normal rat will become hyperthyroidic but will not develop a goiter.
3 Predict Question 3: What do you think will happen after you inject TSH into the three rats?
Your answer: The normal rat will become hyperthyroidic and develop a goiter.
4 Predict Question 4: Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a drug that inhibits the production of

thyroxine by blocking the attachment of iodine to tyrosine residues in the follicle cells of
the thyroid gland (iodinated tyrosines are linked together to form thyroxine). What do you
think will happen after you inject PTU into the three rats?
Your answer: The normal rat will become hypothyroidic and develop a goiter.
Stop & Think Questions
1 Calculate the oxygen consumption per hour for this rat using the following equation.
ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour
Enter the oxygen consumption per hour.
You answered: 426 ml O2/hr.
2 Now that you have calculated the oxygen consumption per hour for this rat, you can
calculate the metabolic rate per kilogram of body weight with the following equation
(note that you need to convert the weight data from grams to kilograms to use this
equation).
Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr
Enter the metabolic rate.
You answered: 1704 ml O2/kg/hr.
equation).
You answered: 1549.18 ml O2/kg/hr.
equation).
7 Judging from their basal metabolic rates (an indicator of thyroid function), categorize the
rats as hypothyroid (low thyroid levels; BMR below 1600), euthyroid ("good," or normal,
thyroid levels; BMR = 1650-1750), or hyperthyroid (high thyroid levels; BMR above 1800).
The normal rat is
You answered: euthyroid.
The thyroidectomized (Tx) rat is
You answered: hypothyroid.
The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat is
equation).
equation).
equation).
thyroid levels; BMR = 1650-1750), or hyperthyroid (high thyroid levels; BMR above 1800)
after the thyroxine injection.
The normal rat is
You answered: hyperthyroid.
19 Which of the rats developed a goiter after injection with thyroxine?
You answered: None of the rats developed a goiter with this injection.
equation).
equation).
equation).
after the TSH injection.
The normal rat is
29 Which of the rats did not develop a goiter after injection with TSH?
You answered: the thyroidectomized rat.
equation).
equation).
equation).
after the PTU injection.
The normal rat is
39 Which of the rats developed a goiter after injection with PTU?
You correctly answered: the normal rat.

Experiment Data
Rat Weight (g) ml O2/min ml O2/hr BMR (ml Palpation Injected

O2/kg/hr)
Normal 250 7.1 426.00 1704.00 No Mass none
Tx 244 6.3 378.00 1549.18 No Mass none
Hypox 244 6.3 378.00 1549.18 No Mass none
Normal 250 8.5 510.00 2040.00 No Mass thyroxine
Tx 244 7.8 468.00 1918.03 No Mass thyroxine
Hypox 244 7.9 474.00 1942.62 No Mass thyroxine
Normal 250 8.0 480.00 1920.00 Mass TSH
Tx 244 6.2 372.00 1524.59 No Mass TSH
Hypox 244 7.8 468.00 1918.03 Mass TSH
Normal 250 6.4 384.00 1536.00 Mass PTU
Tx 244 6.3 378.00 1549.18 No Mass PTU
Hypox 244 6.2 372.00 1524.59 No Mass PTU
Post-lab Quiz Results

You scored 100% by answering 7 out of 7 questions correctly.
1 How would you treat a thyroidectomized animal so that it functions like a "normal"
animal?
You correctly answered: Provide the animal T4 supplements.
2 As a result of the missing hormone(s) in the hypophysectomized rat, what would be an

expected symptom?
https://media.pearsoncmg.com/bc/bc_0media_ap/physioex/10/ex4/act1/ 1010
/13
You correctly answered: decreased basal metabolic rate.
3 An injection of thyroxine to an otherwise normal rat will cause which of the following?
You correctly answered: hyperthyroidism.
4 Why didn't any of the rats develop a goiter after thyroxine injection?
You correctly answered: In all cases, TSH levels were not elevated by the thyroxine
injection.
5 Why did the normal rat develop a palpable goiter with the TSH injection?
You correctly answered: The TSH receptors on the thyroid gland were excessively
stimulated.
6 An injection of propylthiouracil to an otherwise normal animal will cause which of the

following?
You correctly answered: goiter development.
7 Why did the normal rat develop a palpable goiter with the propylthiouracil injection?
You correctly answered: The injection decreased the negative feedback mechanism on
TSH.
Review Sheet Results

1 Part 1: Determining the Basal Metabolic Rates
Which rat had the fastest basal metabolic rate (BMR)?
Your answer:
La rata normal con tiroxina.
2 Why did the metabolic rates differ between the normal rat and the surgically altered rats?
How well did the results compare with your prediction?
Your answer:
Las tasas metabólicas diferían entre la rata normal y las ratas alteradas quirúrgicamente
porque las ratas alteradas quirúrgicamente no podían producir hormonas específicas (t4
y TSH) porque ya no tenían tiroides ni glándula pituitaria.
3 If an animal has been thyroidectomized, what hormone(s) would be missing in its blood?
Your answer:
Le faltaría tiroxina en la sangre, también conocida como t4, ya que se le extirpa la

glándula tiroides.
/13
4 If an animal has been hypophysectomized, what effect would you expect to observe in
the hormone levels in its body?
Your answer:
Los niveles de TSH faltarán porque se extirpa la glándula pituitaria, por lo que tendría una
tasa metabólica disminuida.
5 Part 2: Determining the Effect of Thyroxine on Metabolic Rate
What was the effect of thyroxine injections on the normal rat's BMR?
Your answer:
Sufriría de hipertiroidismo porque tendría demasiada tiroxina en la sangre.
6 What was the effect of thyroxine injections on the thyroidectomized rat's BMR? How does
the BMR in this case compare with the normal rat's BMR? Was the dose of thyroxine in
the syringe too large, too small, or just right?
Your answer:
La rata tiroidectomizada tenía una TMB alta después de las inyecciones, lo que la hacía
hipertiroidea. Antes inyecciones la rata era hipotiroidea. La dosis era demasiado baja.
7 What was the effect of thyroxine injections on the hypophysectomized rat's BMR? How
does the BMR in this case compare with the normal rat's BMR? Was the dose of thyroxine
in the syringe too large, too small, or just right?
Your answer:
Las ratas hipofisectomizadas también tenían una TMB alta después de las inyecciones, lo
que hacía que la rata tuviera hipertiroidismo. La TMB fue un poco más alta en la rata sin
glándula pituitaria con tiroxina que la de la rata normal. La tiroxina en la jeringa era una
dosis demasiado pequeña.
8 Part 3: Determining the Effect of TSH on Metabolic Rate
What was the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) injections on the normal rat's
BMR?
Your answer:
Las inyecciones de TSH aumentaron la TMB de la rata normal y provocaron bocio.
9 What was the effect of TSH injections on the thyroidectomized rat's BMR? How does the
BMR in this case compare with the normal rat's BMR? Why was this effect observed?
/13
Your answer:
La TSH no tuvo ningún efecto sobre la TMB de estas ratas.
10 What was the effect of TSH injections on the hypophysectomized rat's BMR? How does
the BMR in this case compare with the normal rat's BMR? Was the dose of TSH in the
syringe too large, too small, or just right?
Your answer:
La tasa metabólica aumentó a 1.839,80, que era más alta que la TMB de la rata normal.
Tiene una glándula pituitaria, por lo que algunas hormonas todavía están allí.
11 Part 4: Determining the Effect of Propylthiouracil on Metabolic Rate
What was the effect of propylthiouracil (PTU) injections on the normal rat's BMR? Why did
this rat develop a palpable goiter?
Your answer:
Disminuyó la tasa metabólica, en comparación con el valor inicial normal. PTU inhibe la
producción de tiroxina... es por eso que esta rata desarrolló bocio palpable.
12 What was the effect of PTU injections on the thyroidectomized rat's BMR? How does the
BMR in this case compare with the normal rat's BMR? Why was this effect observed?
Your answer:
Esta rata tenía una tasa metabólica más lenta porque no tenía tiroides y no se vio tan
afectada por las inyecciones.
13 What was the effect of PTU injections on the hypophysectomized rat's BMR? How does
the BMR in this case compare with the normal rat's BMR? Why was this effect observed?
Your answer:
El efecto de las inyecciones de PTU sobre la TMB de la rata hipofisectomizada no fue

visible porque a la rata le falta la glándula pituitaria.
/13

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UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA PARTICULAR DE LOJA

DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS DE LA SALUD

METABOLISMO Y HORMONA TIROIDEA.

Nombres y apellidos del estudiante: Jorge Andrés Cueva Belduma.

Nombres y apellidos del docente: Dra. Luz Gabriela Chávez.

Fecha: 11 de enero del 2024.

PhysioEx Lab Report

Pre-lab Quiz Results

1 Which of the following statements about metabolism is false?

3 Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is

You correctly answered: produced in the pituitary gland.

You correctly answered: goiter development.

5 Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is

You correctly answered: secreted by the hypothalamus.

6 Which of the following statements is true?

4 Predict Question 4: Propylthiouracil (PTU) is a drug that inhibits the production of

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Enter the oxygen consumption per hour.

You answered: 426 ml O2/hr.

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

Enter the metabolic rate.

You answered: 1704 ml O2/kg/hr.

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Enter the oxygen consumption per hour.

You answered: 378 ml O2/hr.

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

Enter the metabolic rate.

You answered: 1549.18 ml O2/kg/hr.

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Enter the oxygen consumption per hour.

You answered: 378 ml O2/hr.

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

Enter the metabolic rate.

You answered: 1549.18 ml O2/kg/hr.

The normal rat is

You answered: euthyroid.

The thyroidectomized (Tx) rat is

You answered: hypothyroid.

The hypophysectomized (Hypox) rat is

You answered: hypothyroid.

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Enter the oxygen consumption per hour.

You answered: 510 ml O2/hr.

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

Enter the metabolic rate.

You answered: 2040 ml O2/kg/hr.

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Enter the oxygen consumption per hour.

You answered: 468 ml O2/hr.

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

Enter the metabolic rate.

You answered: 1918.03 ml O2/kg/hr.

ml O2 consumed/1 minute x 60 minutes/hour = ml O2/hour

Enter the oxygen consumption per hour.

You answered: 474 ml O2/hr.

Metabolic rate = (ml O2/hr)/(weight in kg) = ml O2/kg/hr

Enter the metabolic rate.

You answered: 1942.62 ml O2/kg/hr.

The normal rat is