CFM56 HPC:

Borescope Inspection Guide

June 2017

Book Number: GEK 119347

CFM, CFM56, LEAP and the CFM logo are trademarks of CFM International, a 50/50 joint company between Snecma (Safran group) and GE. The information in this document is CFM Proprietary Information and is disclosed in confidence. It is the property
of CFM International and its parent companies, and shall not be used, disclosed to others or reproduced without the express written consent of CFM. If consent is given for reproduction in whole or in part, this notice shall appear in any such reproduction in
whole or in part. The information contained in this document may also be controlled by the U.S. and French export control laws. Unauthorized export or re-export is prohibited.
This guide is designed to aid Airline Maintenance Personnel
with the identification of typical visual findings during a CFM56
High-Pressure Compressor (HPC) Module borescope
inspection. Engine model specific limitations and detailed
acceptance and non-acceptance criteria are only found in the
Engine Manuals and/or Aircraft Maintenance Manuals

Contact CFM if further assistance is needed in classification of

HPC borescope inspection findings.

2 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM International Proprietary Information

The information contained in this document is CFM international

proprietary information and disclosed in confidence. CFM International is a
50/50 joint company between Snecma and General Electric Company. It is
the property of CFM International and shall not be used disclosed to others
or reproduced without the express written consent of CFM International,
including, but without limitation, it is not to be used in the creation,
manufacture, development, or derivation of any repairs, modifications,
spare parts, designs, or configuration changes or to obtain FAA or any other
regulatory approval to do so. If consent is given for reproduction in whole or
in part, this notice and the notice set forth on each page of this document
shall appear in any such reproduction in whole or in part. The information
contained in this document may also be controlled by the U.S. and French
export control laws. Unauthorized export or re-export is prohibited.

3 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
Introduction

This guide is intended exclusively for the owners and

operators of CFM engines. It has been prepared as a guide
for use in the analysis of borescope findings on CFM HPC
components. The purpose of the guide is to enable
identification of the typical visual findings during the
borescope inspection.
The data and images presented here do not supersede or
replace any of the engine or aircraft manufacturer’s
Instructions for Continued Airworthiness. This document
and the material within it are subordinate to the Aircraft
Maintenance Manual and Engine Manual.

4 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
Applicability

Engine AMM
Model Inspection Repair
-3 72-00-00-216-049 72-00-00-308-015
-5A 72-31-00-290-001 72-31-00-300-003
-5B 72-31-00-290-002 72-31-00-300-003
-5C 72-31-00-290-801 72-31-00-300-802
-7B 72-00-00-200-804 72-00-00-300-801

5 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide

General Guidelines :
1. Determine damage location

2. Characterize the type of damage

3. Measure damage dimension

4. Find applicable limit

5. Determine Serviceability

6. Assess Over-Serviceable and Repair limits

6 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
1. Determine the Location

Reference Dimensions

HPC blade Regions

7 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
1. Determine the location – Multiple Regions

Within Root Radius

Within 25% of L

Dent Overlaps Root Radius and 25% of L

For damage in multiple regions, apply the allowance

to the damage that is located in each region.

8 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
2. Types of Damage

Typical Damage
9 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
2. Types of Damage - Definitions

Crack: A parting or discontinuity in the parent material

Tear: A physical separation, pulling apart, or wrenching of metal which can be

caused by impact damage.

Dent: A completely smooth surface depression caused by pressure or impact

from a smooth, rounded foreign object. The parent material is displaced,
but none is separated.

Nick: A surface impression with sharp corners or bottom, usually caused by

pressure or impact from a sharp-edged object. The parent material is
displaced, but usually none is separated.

Pit: A minute depression or cavity having no sharp, high-stress corners in the

surface of the material. Pits are usually caused by chemical reaction
(rusting, chemical corrosion).

High
metal: Displaced metal adjacent to a defect such as a scratch, nick or gouge, which
is raised above the surrounding.
10 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
3. Depth Measurement

Same blade different measurements

0.013 inch 0.005 inch

• Reference points should be close to the damage to

avoid the influence of surface curvature
Actual measurement=0.0049 inch

Reference points influence measurement

11 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
3. Radial Tip Crack Measurement

1. Determine Distance from

Leading/Trailing Edge 2. Determine Radial Crack length

3. Compare to AMM for serviceability

12 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
3. Measurement: Missing Tip Corner

Missing Material measured by extending edges to make a corner

13 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
3. Measurement: Axis of Damage

DEPTH

AXIS
of
DAMAGE

TE TE
LE

• Typical dim B damage impacts edge • Atypical dim B damage (does not involve edge)
• Defect depth measurement is the
• Defect depth should be measured in the
distance from the edge, as indicated in
axis of damage (into the metal), as
AMM figure.
indicated in AMM note:
“Defect Depth is in axis of damage unless
otherwise noted. “

14 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
3. Measurement: Stage 4-9 Platform Gap

Stage 4-9 Circumferential Blade Platform Gaps are allowed.

• Loose Blade locks are not permitted.

√
Gap not permitted
Gap permitted
15 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
6. Overlaping damages

25% OF
BLADE
CRACK LENGTH
LENGTH
ROOT
FILLET
RADIUS

Missing tip corner + radial Damage reaching 2 blade areas

crack • limits for each area should be used
• Crack length should be for each piece of one damage
measured from the blade
tip

16 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
CFM56 HPC BSI Guide
7. Over-Serviceable and Repair Limits

Be aware of extended limits available via:

• 10 cycle/25 hour Service Extension
• Blend repair

17 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover CFM56 HPC Blades BSI Guide GEK 119347 / June 2017
18 / CFM Proprietary Information subject to restrictions on the cover