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SERI OMEGA PRIVATE & INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

SUBJECT : ENGLISH LEVEL : FORM 3 ONLINE LESSON : 21

DATE : 20 OCTOBER 2021

Answer the questions below based on the passage given.

Dark Chocolate

What can you do these days? You can't eat fat. You can't eat carbohydrates or sugar. Forget
anything fried. You can't drink much alcohol. You've got to wear your seat belt or your car dings
at you. You can't take shampoo or even water onto airplanes. You've got to eat tofu and bok choy
and adzuki beans. Turn off the game, get off the couch, and come for a run. And forget about
smoking — they'd attack you with rolled-up yoga mats. So what can you get away with these
days?

There is still one extraordinary treat, considered for thousands of years to be the greatest of
indulgences. And it's quite healthy for you. It is high-quality dark chocolate. Chocolate is a
herbal medicinal like coffee, tea, and other herbal medicines. Just because it's a common part of
our culture does not mean that it can't have real medicinal properties. This ancient, native Central
American delicacy was considered by the Mayans, Olmecs, Incas, and Aztecs as a "gift of the
gods," touted for its stimulant properties.

Various preparations of the Mexican cacao tree bean have been enjoyed for at least 1,500
years. This, only the very wealthy in Aztec society were able to partake, and cocoa beans were as
close as they ever got to having a solid currency. In 1828, a Dutch food chemist perfected the
technique of mixing cocoa powder with cocoa butter so it would melt in your mouth. In 1878,
the Swiss added milk to make our modern milk chocolate. The average American uses 11.5
pounds of chocolate per year, whereas the Swiss, twice this amount. Chocolate is by far the most
craved substance in our culture, with 40 percent of women and 15 percent of men admitting to
regular chocolate cravings.

1
 Researchers have taken this "addictive" quality of chocolate quite seriously. It turns out that
there are a number of substances in chocolate that can affect our brain chemistry — genuine
pharmacological agents. Over 400 discrete compounds have been found in chocolate, and many
of them can affect how you feel. A couple of compounds, called biogenic amines, are chemically
related to adrenaline and amphetamine, and show the ability to regulate mood and depression.
Addicts weaned from the abuse drug "ecstasy" have been shown to develop strong chocolate
cravings in response to getting clean.

The sweet and fat in chocolate may directly stimulate brain opiate receptors, the same brain
cells that respond to heroin and morphine. The sugar in chocolate is usually table sugar, which
isn't as bad as the high-fructose corn syrup that sweetens almost everything else in our grocery
stores. The cocoa-butter fat in chocolate does not seem to increase cholesterol levels. According
to one report, it may actually raise the good form of cholesterol (HDL) and reduce a bad form of
fat (triglycerides) because of the high content of oleic acid in the cocoa butter. More important,
the healthy flavonoids and polyphenols in dark chocolate can lower blood pressure and lower
low-density lipoprotein (LDL, or "bad" cholesterol). The flavonoids in cocoa may thin your
blood slightly and act as a mild anti-inflammatory. Chocolate's procyanidins have the ability to
relax blood vessels, possibly decreasing internal arterial wall damage. And one average
chocolate bar has the same level of the antioxidant phenols as those found in a glass of red wine.

I talk about dark chocolate because milk chocolate has much more fat and sugar, and much
lower levels of the healthy compounds. I strongly recommend you wean yourself off milk
chocolate and go to at least 60 percent cocoa chocolate. I really don't think the words "milk" and
"chocolate" should exist in the same sentence. "White chocolate" is not chocolate. Chocolate is
not the great evil that many people have thought, and it may actually be better for us than we
ever realised. Of course, exercise is still the best mood enhancer I know, and your daily diet
shouldn't treat chocolate as one of the major food groups.

Source: http://www.truehealthyproducts.com/tagntealthy-chocolate

2
1. What are the main points for,

(a) Paragraph 1:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

(b) Paragraph 2 :
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

2. In paragraph 3, what happened to the development of chocolate in,

( a ) 1828:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
( b ) 1878:
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

3. In paragraph 3, which word means,

(a) consume: __________________________________________________________________

(b) desired: __________________________________________________________________

4. Describe,

(a) what biogenic amine does (paragraph 4).

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

(b) what stimulates the brain's opiate receptors (paragraph 5).

______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________

5. Give two reasons why most people like chocolate.

(a) ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

(b) ___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3
Fill in the blanks with a suitable answer based on the helping words provided below.

imminent suspected perched assistance

assimilated awaiting clamoured fervent

randomly archives

1. With arms around one another's shoulders, the teammates came together solemnly and said
a ___________________________ prayer requesting for luck and blessing for the
___________________________ match against their arch rival.

2. The new girl ___________________________ herself into her class with such ease that no
one would have ___________________________ it was her first day in the school.

3. The reference section of the school library was a wealth of information and
___________________________ that provided the students with much needed
___________________________ for their school projects.

4. All the students ___________________________ forward for a closer look at the

unexpected visitor who had flown into their classroom and __________________________
itself on the fan blades.

5. Piles of books were ___________________________ stacked on the teacher's desk

___________________________ marking.

4
 Vocabulary

1. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

6. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

7. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

8. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

9. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

10. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

5
 Fill in the blanks with a suitable answer based on the helping words provided below.

shivering fretfully terse equanimity

erratic wobbly bode summoning
halted uncoiled

Jonathan 1. _____________________ outside the principal's office and collected his

2. ____________________. A message had arrived minutes before 3. ___________________

him for an immediate meeting with the Principal. Apprehension 4. ______________________

like a cobra emerging from the pit of his stomach and swaying to the 5. ___________________

tune of his thumping heart.

After announcing his presence to the clerical officer, Jonathan waited 6. ________________

for his turn. The cool air blasting from the air conditioning robbed him of the last of his body

heat leaving him 7. _____________________. With 8. ____________________ limbs, he

knocked on the door.

A 9. ____________________ reply sounded from behind the door. Mustering his courage,

Jonathan stepped in. A look at the grim face of the Principal and Jonathan knew the future does

not 10. _____________________ well for him.

6
 Vocabulary

1. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

2. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

3. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

4. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

5. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

6. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

7. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

8. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

9. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

10. ______________________
_______________________________________________________________________

7
Fill in the missing letters for each word.

1. The furniture ___ le ___ me ___ spotlessly clean as the housekeepers dutifully polished

them every day.

2. The lawn mower coughed and s___ lut ___ e ___ ed a couple of times before its engine

rumbled to a start.

3. The cramped bedroom was a cha ___ le ___ g ___ to the oversized man who could barely

move an inch from the desk to the wardrobe.

4. The overhead fan swirled briskly trying to a ___ l ___ vi ___ te the heat that the afternoon

sun poured into the west-facing living room.

5. Feathers tickled his nose and i ___ r ___ t ___ te ___ his nasal wall which sent him into a

sneezing fit when he lay on the comforter on the bed.

6. Sounds of construction drummed i ___ c ___ ss ___ nt ___ y from the unit above and nearly

drove him crazy.

7. The scent of citrus enveloped the room every fifteen minutes from the puff of

___ r ___ gr ___ n ___ e released by the air freshener.

8. Father sank his tired body into the pl ___ s ___ leather seats and instantly fell asleep.

9. In order to minimise the g ___ i ___ e and dirt on the floor, Mother insisted that all of us

wear bedroom slippers within the house.

10. The dilapidated house stood f ___ rl ___ r ___ ly with its empty windows like soulless

eyes staring out in despair.

8
 SERI OMEGA PRIVATE & INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL

SUBJECT : ENGLISH LEVEL : FORM 3 ONLINE LESSON : 21

DATE : 20 OCTOBER 2021

Answer the questions below based on the passage given.

Dark Chocolate

What can you do these days? You can't eat fat. You can't eat carbohydrates or sugar. Forget
anything fried. You can't drink much alcohol. You've got to wear your seat belt or your car dings
at you. You can't take shampoo or even water onto airplanes. You've got to eat tofu and bok choy
and adzuki beans. Turn off the game, get off the couch, and come for a run. And forget about
smoking — they'd attack you with rolled-up yoga mats. So what can you get away with these
days?

There is still one extraordinary treat, considered for thousands of years to be the greatest of
indulgences. And it's quite healthy for you. It is high-quality dark chocolate. Chocolate is a
herbal medicinal like coffee, tea, and other herbal medicines. Just because it's a common part of
our culture does not mean that it can't have real medicinal properties. This ancient, native Central
American delicacy was considered by the Mayans, Olmecs, Incas, and Aztecs as a "gift of the
gods," touted for its stimulant properties.

Various preparations of the Mexican cacao tree bean have been enjoyed for at least 1,500
years. This, only the very wealthy in Aztec society were able to partake, and cocoa beans were as
close as they ever got to having a solid currency. In 1828, a Dutch food chemist perfected the
technique of mixing cocoa powder with cocoa butter so it would melt in your mouth. In 1878,
the Swiss added milk to make our modern milk chocolate. The average American uses 11.5
pounds of chocolate per year, whereas the Swiss, twice this amount. Chocolate is by far the most
craved substance in our culture, with 40 percent of women and 15 percent of men admitting to
regular chocolate cravings.

9
 Researchers have taken this "addictive" quality of chocolate quite seriously. It turns out that
there are a number of substances in chocolate that can affect our brain chemistry — genuine
pharmacological agents. Over 400 discrete compounds have been found in chocolate, and many
of them can affect how you feel. A couple of compounds, called biogenic amines, are chemically
related to adrenaline and amphetamine, and show the ability to regulate mood and depression.
Addicts weaned from the abuse drug "ecstasy" have been shown to develop strong chocolate
cravings in response to getting clean.

The sweet and fat in chocolate may directly stimulate brain opiate receptors, the same brain
cells that respond to heroin and morphine. The sugar in chocolate is usually table sugar, which
isn't as bad as the high-fructose corn syrup that sweetens almost everything else in our grocery
stores. The cocoa-butter fat in chocolate does not seem to increase cholesterol levels. According
to one report, it may actually raise the good form of cholesterol (HDL) and reduce a bad form of
fat (triglycerides) because of the high content of oleic acid in the cocoa butter. More important,
the healthy flavonoids and polyphenols in dark chocolate can lower blood pressure and lower
low-density lipoprotein (LDL, or "bad" cholesterol). The flavonoids in cocoa may thin your
blood slightly and act as a mild anti-inflammatory. Chocolate's procyanidins have the ability to
relax blood vessels, possibly decreasing internal arterial wall damage. And one average
chocolate bar has the same level of the antioxidant phenols as those found in a glass of red wine.

I talk about dark chocolate because milk chocolate has much more fat and sugar, and much
lower levels of the healthy compounds. I strongly recommend you wean yourself off milk
chocolate and go to at least 60 percent cocoa chocolate. I really don't think the words "milk" and
"chocolate" should exist in the same sentence. "White chocolate" is not chocolate. Chocolate is
not the great evil that many people have thought, and it may actually be better for us than we
ever realised. Of course, exercise is still the best mood enhancer I know, and your daily diet
shouldn't treat chocolate as one of the major food groups.

Source: http://www.truehealthyproducts.com/tagntealthy-chocolate

10
1. What are the main points for,

(a) Paragraph 1:

These days one has to be very careful in what one eats and does.

(b) Paragraph 2 :

Chocolate, although an indulgence, has many benefits.

2. In paragraph 3, what happened to the development of chocolate in,

( a ) 1828:

A Dutch food chemist perfected the technique of mixing cocoa powder with cocoa butter.

( b ) 1878:

The Swiss added milk to make our modern milk chocolate.

3. In paragraph 3, which word means,

(a) consume: partake

(b) desired: craved

4. Describe,

(a) what biogenic amine does (paragraph 4).

It regulates mood and depression.

(b) what stimulates the brain's opiate receptors (paragraph 5).

The sweet and fat in the chocolate stimulates the brain’s opiate receptors.

5 Give two reasons why most people like chocolate.

(a) It is delicious.

(b) It is a mood enhancement.

11
Fill in the blanks with a suitable answer based on the helping words provided below.

imminent suspected perched assistance

assimilated awaiting clamoured fervent

randomly archives

1. With arms around one another's shoulders, the teammates came together solemnly and said
a fervent prayer requesting for luck and blessing for the imminent match against their
arch rival.

2. The new girl assimilated herself into her class with such ease that no one would have
suspected it was her first day in the school.

3. The reference section of the school library was a wealth of information and
archives that provided the students with much needed assistance for their school projects.

4. All the students clamoured forward for a closer look at the unexpected visitor who had
flown into their classroom and perched itself on the fan blades.

5. Piles of books were randomly stacked on the teacher's desk awaiting marking.

12
Fill in the blanks with a suitable answer based on the helping words provided below.

shivering fretfully terse equanimity

erratic wobbly bode summoning
halted uncoiled

Jonathan 1. halted outside the principal's office and collected his 2. equanimity. A message

had arrived minutes before 3. summoning him for an immediate meeting with the Principal.

Apprehension 4. uncoiled like a cobra emerging from the pit of his stomach and swaying to the

5. erratic tune of his thumping heart.

After announcing his presence to the clerical officer, Jonathan waited 6. fretfully for his turn.

The cool air blasting from the air conditioning robbed him of the last of his body heat leaving

him 7. shivering. With 8. wobbly limbs, he knocked on the door.

A 9. terse reply sounded from behind the door. Mustering his courage, Jonathan stepped in.

A look at the grim face of the Principal and Jonathan knew the future does not 10. bode well for

him.

13
Fill in the missing letters for each word.

1. The furniture g le a me d spotlessly clean as the housekeepers dutifully polished

them every day.

2. The lawn mower coughed and sp lut t e r ed a couple of times before its engine

rumbled to a start.

3. The cramped bedroom was a cha l le n g e to the oversized man who could barely

move an inch from the desk to the wardrobe.

4. The overhead fan swirled briskly trying to a l l e vi a te the heat that the afternoon

sun poured into the west-facing living room.

5. Feathers tickled his nose and i r r i t a te d his nasal wall which sent him into a

sneezing fit when he lay on the comforter on the bed.

6. Sounds of construction drummed i n c e ss a nt l y from the unit above and nearly

drove him crazy.

7. The scent of citrus enveloped the room every fifteen minutes from the puff of

f r a gr a n c e released by the air freshener.

8. Father sank his tired body into the pl u s h leather seats and instantly fell asleep.

9. In order to minimise the g r i m e and dirt on the floor, Mother insisted that all of us

wear bedroom slippers within the house.

10. The dilapidated house stood f o rl o r n ly with its empty windows like soulless

eyes staring out in despair.

14