Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 2 views

    Exercise Atoms and Molecules

    Uploaded by

    binny.55x
    The document contains questions and solutions related to atoms, molecules, chemical formulas and compounds. It defines polyatomic ions as groups of atoms carrying a charge and gives examples. It also provides the chemical formulas for common compounds like magnesium chloride, calcium oxide and copper nitrate. The molar masses of ethyne, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are calculated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Exercise Atoms and Molecules

    Uploaded by

    binny.55x
    2 views2 pages
    The document contains questions and solutions related to atoms, molecules, chemical formulas and compounds. It defines polyatomic ions as groups of atoms carrying a charge and gives examples. It also provides the chemical formulas for common compounds like magnesium chloride, calcium oxide and copper nitrate. The molar masses of ethyne, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are calculated.

    Original Title

    exercise atoms and molecules

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document contains questions and solutions related to atoms, molecules, chemical formulas and compounds. It defines polyatomic ions as groups of atoms carrying a charge and gives examples. It also provides the chemical formulas for common compounds like magnesium chloride, calcium oxide and copper nitrate. The molar masses of ethyne, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are calculated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    2 views2 pages

    Exercise Atoms and Molecules

    Uploaded by

    binny.55x
    The document contains questions and solutions related to atoms, molecules, chemical formulas and compounds. It defines polyatomic ions as groups of atoms carrying a charge and gives examples. It also provides the chemical formulas for common compounds like magnesium chloride, calcium oxide and copper nitrate. The molar masses of ethyne, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid are calculated.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    You are on page 1of 2

    ATOMS AND MOLECULES

    EXERCISE

    Q.1 A 0.24 g sample of compound of oxygen and boron was found by analysis to
    contain 0.096 g of boron and 0.144 g of oxygen. Calculate the percentage composition
    of the compound by weight.
    Sol. Mass of boron = 0.096g (Given)
    Mass of oxygen = 0.144g (Given)
    Mass of sample = 0.24g (Given)

    Thus, percentage of boron by weight in the compound = 0.096/0.24×100


    = 40%

    Thus, percentage of oxygen by weight in the compound = 0.144/0.24×100


    = 60 %

    Q.2 When 3.0 g of carbon is burnt in 8.00 g oxygen, 11.00 g of carbon dioxide is
    produced. What mass of carbon dioxide will be formed when 3.00 g of carbon is
    burnt in 50.00 g of oxygen ? Which law of chemical combinations will govern your
    answer ?

    Sol. Carbon + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide


    3g of carbon reacts with 8 g of oxygen to produce 11g of carbon dioxide. If 3g of carbon is burnt in 50g
    of oxygen, then 3g of carbon will react with 8 g of oxygen. The remaining 42 g of oxygen will be left un-
    reactive. In this case also, only 11g of carbon dioxide will be formed. The above answer is governed by
    the law of constant proportions.

    Q.3 What are polyatomic ions? Give examples?


    Sol. A polyatomic ion is a group of atoms carrying a charge (positive or negative).
    For example, ammonium ion (NH+4),
    hydroxide ion (OH−)
    carbonate ion (CO32−
    sulphate ion (SO42-)

    Q.4 Write the chemical formula of the following:


    (a) Magnesium chloride
    (b) Calcium oxide
    (c) Copper nitrate
    (d) Aluminium chloride
    (e) Calcium carbonate
    Sol. (a) Magnesium chloride →MgCl2
    (b) Calcium oxide →CaO
    (c) Copper nitrate →Cu(NO3)2
    (d) Aluminium chloride →AlCl3
    (e) Calcium carbonate →CaCO3
    Q.5 Give the names of the elements present in the following compounds:
    (a) Quick lime
    (b) Hydrogen bromide
    (c) Baking powder
    (d) Potassium sulphate
    Sol. .

    Chemical
    Compound Elements present
    formula
    Quick lime Cao Calcium, oxygen
    Hydrogen
    HBr Hydrogen, bromine
    bromide
    Sodium, hydrogen, carbon,
    Baking powder NaHCO3
    oxygen
    Potassium
    k2SO4 Potassium, sulphur, oxygen
    sulphate

    Q.6 Calculate the molar mass of the following substances:


    (a) Ethyne, C2H2
    (b) Sulphur molecule, S8
    (c) Phosphorus molecule, P4 (atomic mass of phosphorus = 31)
    (d) Hydrochloric acid, HCl, Cl=35.5u, H=1u

    (e) Nitric acid, HNO3


    Sol. (a) Molar mass of ethyne, C2H2 = (2×12) + (2×1) = 26g

    (b) Molar mass of sulphur molecule, S8 = 8 × 32 = 256g

    (c) Molar mass of phosphorus molecule,P4 = 4 × 31 = 124g

    (d) Molar mass of hydrochloric acid, HCl = 1 + 35.5 = 36.5g

    (e) Molar mass of nitric acid, HNO3 = 1 + 14 + (3×16) = 63g

    You might also like