This document provides a lesson plan on curvilinear motion and rectangular components. It defines position, velocity and acceleration vectors and provides sample problems calculating these values given equations describing an object's path.
This document provides a lesson plan on curvilinear motion and rectangular components. It defines position, velocity and acceleration vectors and provides sample problems calculating these values given equations describing an object's path.
This document provides a lesson plan on curvilinear motion and rectangular components. It defines position, velocity and acceleration vectors and provides sample problems calculating these values given equations describing an object's path.
This document provides a lesson plan on curvilinear motion and rectangular components. It defines position, velocity and acceleration vectors and provides sample problems calculating these values given equations describing an object's path.
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Day 25 Lesson Plan
CURVILINEAR MOTION: RECTANGULAR COMPONENTS
POSITION If the particle is at point (x, y, z) on the curved path s shown below, then its location is defined by the position vector:
the magnitude of r is:
the direction of r is specified by the unit vector ur = r/r.
VELOCITY The first time derivative of r yields the velocity of the particle
where,
ACCELERATION The second time derivatives of the functions x = x(t), y = y(t), z = z(t).
Where, SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 1 At any instant, the horizontal position of the weather balloon is defined by x = (8t) ft, where t is in seconds. If the equation of the path is y = x2/10, determine the magnitude of the velocity and acceleration when t = 2 s.
V = √ V x 2 +Vy ² V = √ ( 8 )2 +(25.6)² = 26.82 fps
d Ax = vx˙ = dt (8) = 0 d 2 x ẋ 2 ẋ ẋ 2 x ẍ Ay = vy˙ = dt ( 10 ¿ = 10 + 10 2 ẋ ẋ 2 x ẍ 2(8)(8) 2(16)(0) Ay = 10 + 10 = + = 12.8 fps² 10 10
A = √ A x 2+ Ay ² A = √ ( 0 )2 +(12.8)² = 12.8 fps² SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 2 For a short time, the path of the plane is described by y = (0.001x2) m. If the plane is rising with a constant upward velocity of 10 m/s, determine the magnitudes of the velocity and acceleration of the plane when it reaches an altitude of y = 100 m.
Sol’n: y = (0.001x²) When y = 100m 100 = (0.001x²) x = 316.23 m
d Ay = vy˙ = dt (.002 x ẋ ¿ = 0.002x ẍ + 0.002 ẋ ẋ Ax= ẍ and Vx = ẋ When x = 316.23m , Vx = 15.81 m/s and Ay=0 0 = 0.002(316.23)(Ax) + 0.002(15.81)(15.81) Ax = 0.79 m/s²
A = √ A x 2+ Ay ² A = √ ( 0.79 )2 +(0)² = 0.79 fps²
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 3
The particle travels along the path defined by the parabola. If the component of velocity along the x axis is vx = (5t) ft/s, determine the particle’s distance from the origin O and the magnitude of its acceleration when t = 1 s. When t = 0, x = 0, y = 0.
Sol’n V x =5t when t=1s V x = ẋ = 5fps
5 x = 2 t² when t=1s
To find for x Integrate V x =5t 5 x = 2 t² when t=1s 5 x = 2 ft
Substitute x in y= 0.5x² 5 y = 0.5 ( 2 )² = 3.125 ft
For distance of particle to origin
d= √( )5 2 2 +(3.125)² = 4.00 ft
V x =5t A x = ẍ = 5 fps²
y= 0.5x² V y = ẏ = x ẋ 5 A y = ÿ = x ẍ + ẋ ẋ = (5) + (5)(5) = 37.5 fps² 2
A= √ 52 +37.5² = 37.83 fps²
SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 4
The particle travels along the path defined by the parabola. If the component of velocity along the x axis is vx = (7t) ft/s, determine the particle’s distance from the origin O and the magnitude of its acceleration when t = 5 s. When t = 0, x = 0, y = 0. Sol’n V x =7t when t=5s V x = ẋ = 35fps To find for x Integrate V x =7t 7 x = 2 t² when t=5s 175 x = 2 ft
Substitute x in y= 0.5x² 175 y = 0.5 ( 2 )² = 3828.125 ft
For distance of particle to origin
d= √( 2 ) 175 2 +(3828.125)² = 3829.125 ft
V x =7t A x = ẍ = 7 fps²
y= 0.5x² V y = ẏ = x ẋ 175 A y = ÿ = x ẍ + ẋ ẋ = (7) + (35)(35) = 1837.5 fps² 2
