Assignment 1 Database Latest

DIPLOMA IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
EDI 104 – DATABASE FUNDAMENTALS
ASSIGNMENT 1
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EDI 104 – Database Fundamentals
Assignment 1 (51 Marks)

Answer the following question and answer in your own word. Prevent copy and paste
from note or you might lose great marks in it.
1. Differentiate between data and information. Give example each.

(4
marks)
Data includes facts, text, visuals and figures that can be stored and have related meaning,
whereas information are data that have been analysed and provided beneficial for people or
individuals who make decisions.
Example of data:
 Ardini, 0123456789, 19, CM1245, No 13, Jln 3, Tmn. 5 Bandar Laguna Merbok,
Sungai Petani, Kedah
Example of information:
 Number of students absences today are higher than yesterday.
2. What are the different between Database and DBMS?

(4
marks)
A database is a collection of connected data that is created to satisfy the information needs of
an organisation and saves it in one specific area, whereas a database management system
(DBMS) is a collection of programmes that allow users to construct and maintain databases
as well as offer control access to the databases.
3. List and explain data hierarchy in database system.

(6
marks)
Data hierarchy in database system consists of bit, field, record, file and database. The data
storage pattern of a database was standardised by this organised structure.
 Bit – the lowest unit of data representation is a bit, which can have a value of 0 or 1.
 Field – a set of characters is referred to as a field.
 Record – a record is a set of attributes that characterise a physical entity.
 File – a collection of records that are linked.
 Database – A database is a logically organised collection of records or files.
4. List the FOUR (4) ADVANTAGE of using Traditional File System.

(4
marks)
i. To backup database systems
ii. Reduce the amount of storage space required
iii. Maintains data confidentiality and protects information from unauthorised access
iv. Enables for simple file sharing and transfer across various systems
5. Explain briefly what is mean by Data Integrity Problem.

(8
marks)
Data integrity problems occurs when updates are not applied to all files such as limited data
sharing, lengthy development time and security. Limited data sharing referred as each
programme has its own private file and users have only few options for sharing data outside
of their own application. Other than that, lengthy development time implies that each new
application needs the developer to begin from scratch by designing new file formats and it
takes time to alter the data. Lastly, data structure security does not exist and data integrity
does not apply to data from two connected data structures.
6. List and explain the component of Database System.

(6 Marks)
The components of Database System consist of software, hardware, data, procedures

and database access language. Software is a set of programs needed to handle the
database as well as monitor and administer the overall computerized database.
However, hardware is a collection of electronic devices such as computers, storage
devices and other devices that interface computers with real world systems. In
addition, data is the most crucial component of DBMS as the main purpose of DBMS
it to process data. Data includes facts, text, visuals and figures that can be stored.
Besides that, procedures are guidelines and rules which helps to design database and
how to use DBMS. Lastly, database access language is a language or collection of
instructions that is used to communicate with DBMS and carry out database
operations.
7. List and explain each Design Tools in Database.

(8 Marks)
Design tools in database contains tables, forms, queries and reports. Table are used to
keeping information about specific topic and consists of fields and records. Moreover,
forms provide information in a database in an appealing way and a quicker way to
view, enter and change information or data. Furthermore, queries allow you to search
information of interest in a database. Lastly, reports are documents that summarise
data from a database and allow user to do calculations in a report to help user analyse
data.
8. Explain what is Entity Relationship Model (ERD). Why we need ERD?

(4 Marks)
Entity Relationship Model (ERD) is a method used to help us understanding and

documenting a system’s informational needs. We need ERD to design, organize and
maintain database system of educational institutions such as universities, colleges or
schools. The database stores information consists of their names, addresses, birth
dates, enrolment, grades and more.
9. List the steps needed to draw ERD.

(3 Marks)
6 steps needed to draw ERD:
i. Identify entity
ii. Identify relationship
iii. Sketch ERD
iv. State cardinality constraints
v. Specify primary keys
vi. Add attributes
10. Draw all the ERD Notation.

(4 Marks)
Assignment ERD
Draw an Entity Relationship Diagram based on these situations:
Flight ticket reservation usually ask for customer detail such as Name, IC,
address, destination and
phone number. Then the system will display flight detail such as Location,
ticket_id, date,
destination and flight no. To print or booked the flight ticket, user need to make
payment which
have information such as credit card, customer detailed, bill_no and
date_payment.

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DIPLOMA IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

EDI 104 – DATABASE FUNDAMENTALS

Assignment 1 (51 Marks)

1. Differentiate between data and information. Give example each.

 Number of students absences today are higher than yesterday.

2. What are the different between Database and DBMS?

3. List and explain data hierarchy in database system.

4. List the FOUR (4) ADVANTAGE of using Traditional File System.

5. Explain briefly what is mean by Data Integrity Problem.

6. List and explain the component of Database System.

The components of Database System consist of software, hardware, data, procedures

7. List and explain each Design Tools in Database.

8. Explain what is Entity Relationship Model (ERD). Why we need ERD?

Entity Relationship Model (ERD) is a method used to help us understanding and

9. List the steps needed to draw ERD.

10. Draw all the ERD Notation.

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