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    EX Pending ENS 301

    Uploaded by

    4098 Sathiyan P
    The document discusses several experiments related to composting and energy recovery from wastes. It describes forming a compost heap with crop residues, cow dung, and a biomineralizer. After 25 days, partial degradation of the crop residues was noticed. It also describes learning about different methods of vermicompost production. Tables show results of biogas production from various mixtures of cow dung and other organic wastes. Another experiment examines the maturity of compost through tests of the CN ratio, phytotoxicity, starch iodine, and sulphide. The document also discusses PAH estimation in contaminated sites and pesticide residue analysis in water samples using GCMS.

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    EX Pending ENS 301

    Uploaded by

    4098 Sathiyan P
    14 views2 pages
    The document discusses several experiments related to composting and energy recovery from wastes. It describes forming a compost heap with crop residues, cow dung, and a biomineralizer. After 25 days, partial degradation of the crop residues was noticed. It also describes learning about different methods of vermicompost production. Tables show results of biogas production from various mixtures of cow dung and other organic wastes. Another experiment examines the maturity of compost through tests of the CN ratio, phytotoxicity, starch iodine, and sulphide. The document also discusses PAH estimation in contaminated sites and pesticide residue analysis in water samples using GCMS.

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    The document discusses several experiments related to composting and energy recovery from wastes. It describes forming a compost heap with crop residues, cow dung, and a biomineralizer. After 25 days, partial degradation of the crop residues was noticed. It also describes learning about different methods of vermicompost production. Tables show results of biogas production from various mixtures of cow dung and other organic wastes. Another experiment examines the maturity of compost through tests of the CN ratio, phytotoxicity, starch iodine, and sulphide. The document also discusses PAH estimation in contaminated sites and pesticide residue analysis in water samples using GCMS.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    14 views2 pages

    EX Pending ENS 301

    Uploaded by

    4098 Sathiyan P
    The document discusses several experiments related to composting and energy recovery from wastes. It describes forming a compost heap with crop residues, cow dung, and a biomineralizer. After 25 days, partial degradation of the crop residues was noticed. It also describes learning about different methods of vermicompost production. Tables show results of biogas production from various mixtures of cow dung and other organic wastes. Another experiment examines the maturity of compost through tests of the CN ratio, phytotoxicity, starch iodine, and sulphide. The document also discusses PAH estimation in contaminated sites and pesticide residue analysis in water samples using GCMS.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 2

    EX.No.

    12

    Composting and vermicomposting of farm wastes

    Workdone (AC & RI, Echankottai)

    Compost heap was formed by the collected Crop residues(250kg) from farm ,250kg of cowdung along
    with TNAU biomineralizer (0.5kg) and water (25 liter) .The purpose adding TNAU biomineralizer and
    cowdung is mainly it contains groups of microorganisms, which accelerate the composting process and
    cowdung slurry acts as nitrogen source as well as source of microbial inoculum. After 25 days we noticed
    degradation of crop residues partially.

    Workdone (AC & RI, Madurai)-We visited vermicompost unit at dept.of soils and environment, AC&RI,
    Madurai and learned about vermicompost production through pit, sil paulin, tank , heap and bed
    methods including processing of vermicompost.

    Ex.no.13 Energy recovery from wastes

    Total biogas production (AC & RI, Echankottai)

    S.No. Treatments Total biogas production (water displacement method)


    Replication-1 Replication-2
    Initial(ml) Final Actual(ml) Initial(ml) Final Actual(ml)
    (ml) (F-I) (ml) (F-I)
    1 T1-Codung+water(1:1) 0.0 80.0 80.0 0.0 70.0 70.0
    2 T2-Cowdung+Food 0.0 440.0 440.0 0.0 400.0 400.0
    waste+water(1:1:1)
    3 Cowdung+Goatdroppings+poultr 0.0 360.0 360.0 0.0 360.0 360.0
    y liltter+water(1:1:1:1)
    4 Cowdung+leaflitter+peacock 0.0 90.0 90.0 0.0 100.0 100.0
    droppings+Dove
    droppings+water(1:1:1:1:1)

    Ex.No.14 Maturity Indices of compost CN ratio and phytotoxicity study

    Phytotoxicity study

    S.No. Particulars Seed Total Germinated Germination Results


    chosen seeds (no’s) percentage(%)
    sown(no’s) (After 4
    days)
    1 Matured Bhendi 10 10 100 Fully matured
    vermicompost (local vermicompost
    variety)
    Ex.no.15 Compost maturity indices starch iodine and sulphide test

    S.No. Particulars Starch iodine test Sulphide test


    1 Matured vermicompost Noticed yellow color Observed no color
    and little precipitate changes of lead
    acetate strip
    2 Immature vermicompost Noticed dark color and Observed
    heavy precipitate blackening of lead
    acetate strip

    EX.No.6 PAH

    We discussed theoretically about Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbon estimation in contaminated sites and
    some of the examples of PAHs are naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, acenaphthylene,
    acenaphthene, fluorene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene,
    etc. PAHs can be produced either naturally or anthropogenically and have toxic properties.

    Ex.No.8 Pesticide residue analysis

    We discussed theoretically about pesticide residue analysis in water samples through GCMS and Some
    raw water samples collected from the plants in India revealed the presence of organochlorines such
    as endosulphan and dieldrin, and organophosphorous pesticides such as dimethoate and methyl
    parathion. Interestingly, all the source water samples threw up lindane, ddt and malathion and
    chlorpyrifos. A laboratory report prepared by Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) detailed some
    astonishing facts about the extent of pesticide contamination in soft drinks sold in India .In all the
    samples of all the 17 brands(mineral water), the total pesticides were found to be 36.4 times higher
    than the stipulated levels.

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