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    Basic Circuit Law

    Uploaded by

    Md.Mahmudur Rahman Akanda
    This document summarizes key concepts in basic circuit law: 1. Ohm's law states that voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to current through the resistor. Resistance denotes an element's ability to resist current flow and is measured in ohms. 2. Kirchhoff's laws govern the behavior of electric circuits: Kirchhoff's current law states the algebraic sum of currents at a node is zero; Kirchhoff's voltage law states the algebraic sum of voltages in a closed loop is zero. 3. Resistors can be connected in series or parallel. Series resistors add their resistances while parallel resistors reduce the overall resistance. Voltage and current divide across resistor combinations according

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    Basic Circuit Law

    Uploaded by

    Md.Mahmudur Rahman Akanda
    3 views13 pages
    This document summarizes key concepts in basic circuit law: 1. Ohm's law states that voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to current through the resistor. Resistance denotes an element's ability to resist current flow and is measured in ohms. 2. Kirchhoff's laws govern the behavior of electric circuits: Kirchhoff's current law states the algebraic sum of currents at a node is zero; Kirchhoff's voltage law states the algebraic sum of voltages in a closed loop is zero. 3. Resistors can be connected in series or parallel. Series resistors add their resistances while parallel resistors reduce the overall resistance. Voltage and current divide across resistor combinations according

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    This document summarizes key concepts in basic circuit law: 1. Ohm's law states that voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to current through the resistor. Resistance denotes an element's ability to resist current flow and is measured in ohms. 2. Kirchhoff's laws govern the behavior of electric circuits: Kirchhoff's current law states the algebraic sum of currents at a node is zero; Kirchhoff's voltage law states the algebraic sum of voltages in a closed loop is zero. 3. Resistors can be connected in series or parallel. Series resistors add their resistances while parallel resistors reduce the overall resistance. Voltage and current divide across resistor combinations according

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    3 views13 pages

    Basic Circuit Law

    Uploaded by

    Md.Mahmudur Rahman Akanda
    This document summarizes key concepts in basic circuit law: 1. Ohm's law states that voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to current through the resistor. Resistance denotes an element's ability to resist current flow and is measured in ohms. 2. Kirchhoff's laws govern the behavior of electric circuits: Kirchhoff's current law states the algebraic sum of currents at a node is zero; Kirchhoff's voltage law states the algebraic sum of voltages in a closed loop is zero. 3. Resistors can be connected in series or parallel. Series resistors add their resistances while parallel resistors reduce the overall resistance. Voltage and current divide across resistor combinations according

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    Basic Circuit Law

    EEE 1283 (IPE)


    Ohm’s Law
    • Ohm’s law states that the voltage v across a resistor is directly proportional to the current i flowing through
    the resistor. (Keeping the internal and external conditions of the element constant).
    𝑣∝𝑖
    𝑣 = 𝑖𝑅
    • The resistance R of an element denotes its ability to resist the flow of electric current; it is measured in ohms
    (Ω)

    A short circuit is a circuit element An open circuit is a circuit element with


    with resistance approaching zero resistance approaching infinity
    Nodes, Branches, and Loops
    • A branch represents a single element such as a voltage source or a resistor.

    • A node is the point of connection between two or more branches.


    • A loop is any closed path in a circuit. A Mesh is also a closed path without having any common loop.
    (Mutually Exclusive loop is mesh)
    • Two or more elements are in series if they exclusively share a single node and consequently carry the same
    current. (Current is same in series element)
    • Two or more elements are in parallel if they are connected to the same two nodes and consequently have
    the same voltage across them. (Voltage is same in parallel element)

    No of nodes, branches, and mesh????


    Series, Parallel element???
    Kirchhoff’s current law (KCL)
    • KCL states that the algebraic sum of currents entering a node (or a closed boundary) is zero.

    • The sum of the currents entering a node is equal to the sum of the currents leaving the node
    Kirchhoff’s voltage law
    • KVL states that the algebraic sum of all voltages around a closed path (or loop) is zero
    Series Resistors and Voltage Division
    Using KVL in the loop,

    Where,

    Where, Where, Req is the equivalent Resistor

    The equivalent resistance of any number of resistors connected in


    series is the sum of the individual resistances.

    Voltage division law,

    The source voltage v is divided among the resistors in direct proportion to their
    resistances; the larger the resistance, the larger the voltage drop.
    Parallel Resistors and Current Division
    Where,

    Where,

    The equivalent resistance of two parallel resistors is equal to the product of their resistances
    divided by their sum.

    Current division law,

    The total current i is shared by the resistors in inverse proportion to their resistances
    Mathematical Problem (Equivalent Circuit Related)
    Wye-Delta Transformations (Delta to Wye Conversion)
    Wye-Delta Transformations (Delta to Wye Conversion) cont.

    Each resistor in the Y network is the


    product of the resistors in the two
    adjacent ∆ branches, divided by the
    sum of the three ∆ resistors.
    Wye-Delta Transformations (Wye to Delta Conversion )
    Wye-Delta Transformations (Wye to Delta Conversion ) CONT.

    Each resistor in the network ∆ is the sum of all


    possible products of Y resistors taken two at a
    time, divided by the opposite Y resistor
    Mathematical Problem (Equivalent Circuit Related)

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