Water Conservation in Kerala

ANCIENT / TRADITIONAL WATER
CONSERVATION SYSTEM
Submitted to
Dr. Dheeraj Rathore,
Assistant Professor,
School of Environment and Sustainable Development
Submitted by
Vivek N Shaji
220502006
Ancient Water Conservation Systems
in Kerala
Water is the elixir of life. Water is one of the essential ingredients to sustain life.
The water exists as surface water, groundwater, and as water vapour on earth. But
only 2.5 % of this water is fresh water and suitable for human consumption.
Almost all the major demands of water are met from this fresh water resource.
Quite recently the population explosion coupled with changing life-styles has
created a crisis-like situation in the water sector.
Also on the same time Ancient Kerala was known for its innovative and
sustainable water conservation practices. These systems played a crucial role in
managing water resources in a region prone to heavy rainfall and frequent
droughts. And by combining both ancient and modern we can create a sustainable
water conservation culture in kerala.
Importance of Water Conservation
Water conservation is essential for ensuring the availability of clean and safe water
for both present and future generations. It helps to sustain ecosystems, support
agriculture and industry, and protect biodiversity. By conserving water, we can
mitigate the impacts of water scarcity and ensure the sustainable development of
our communities.
Preservation of Ecosystem
Water conservation maintains the delicate balance of ecosystems by maintaining
water levels in rivers, lakes, and wetlands.
Ensuring Food Security
Efficient water use in agriculture ensures that food production is sustainable, even
in areas with limited water resources.
Reducing Water Stress
By conserving water, we can reduce the pressure on water sources and minimize
the risk of water stress, especially during droughts.
Traditional Knowledge and Practices in Ancient
Kerala
Ancient Kerala had a rich tradition of water conservation, rooted in indigenous

knowledge systems. The communities had a deep understanding of the local
hydrology and devised innovative methods to capture, store, and distribute water.
Their wisdom is embodied in a range of traditional practices, which have sustained
the region’s water resources for centuries.
Community-based Water Management

Water resources were managed collectively, with well-organized systems for
allocation, maintenance, and equitable distribution.
Unique Natural Aquifers
The communities tapped into natural aquifers and designed ingenious structures to
capture and store rainwater.
Integrated Farming Systems
Farmers practiced agroecological techniques that conserved water and protected
soil health, such as organic farming and contour plowing.
Examples of Ancient Water Conservation
Systems
Kulam
An ancient technique of building earthen bunds across streams and rivers to divert
water into agricultural fields.
Ettukettu
A unique design of traditional courtyard houses that collected rainwater and
channeled it to underground storage tanks.
Ooranis
Ooranis are traditional rainwater harvesting systems in Tamil Nadu. They are
earthen ponds that are designed to have a steady inflow of surface runoffs. Ooranis
have been used for over 2,000 years in rural areas where groundwater is scarce or
unusable. They are constructed by the collective efforts of the people over time.
They are designed hydrologically to have adequate and assured inflow of surface
runoffs. Ooranis are listed as one of six most innovative water management
practices globally. They are used exclusively to store drinking water
Benefits of Ancient Water Conservation System
Preservation of Biodiversity
These systems created and conserved wetland habitats, fostering diverse flora and
fauna
Flood Mitigation
The bunds and reservoirs absorbed excess rainwater, reducing the risk of flooding
and damage to properties.
Groundwater Recharge
By allowing rainwater to infiltrate the soil, these systems recharged groundwater

aquifers and helped maintain water levels in wells and borewells
Sustainable Water Supply
Ancient water conservation systems ensured a year-round water supply for

irrigation, domestic use, and livestock.
Challenges Faced in Implementing Ancient Water
Conservation Systems
While ancient water conservation systems have numerous benefits, their revival
and widespread implementation face certain challenges.
“Inadequate awareness and appreciation of traditional knowledge, rapid

urbanization, and the shift towards modern engineering solutions pose significant
challenges to the conservation of ancient water systems in Kerala.”
Modern Approaches to Water Conservation in
Kerala
In response to the challenges faced by ancient systems, modern approaches to

water conservation have emerged in Kerala, integrating traditional knowledge with
scientific advancements.
Water Recharge Ponds Constructed to capture and store rainwater, allowing it to

percolate into the ground and recharge aquifers.
Rainwater Harvesting Systems Structures designed to collect rainwater

from rooftops and surfaces, storing it for various uses.
Microbial Bioremediation The use of microorganisms to treat polluted water

bodies, restoring their health and quality.
Conclusion
Ancient water conservation systems in Kerala offer valuable lessons in sustainable
resource management. By harnessing traditional knowledge and modern
techniques, we can revitalize these systems, addressing the challenges of water
scarcity and fostering a more resilient future. Through collaborative efforts,
education, and policy support, we can ensure the continued conservation of water
resources for generations to come.

Water Conservation in Kerala

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Water Conservation in Kerala

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Water Conservation in Kerala

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

ANCIENT / TRADITIONAL WATER

Ancient Kerala had a rich tradition of water conservation, rooted in indigenous

Community-based Water Management

By allowing rainwater to infiltrate the soil, these systems recharged groundwater

Sustainable Water Supply

Ancient water conservation systems ensured a year-round water supply for

“Inadequate awareness and appreciation of traditional knowledge, rapid

In response to the challenges faced by ancient systems, modern approaches to

Water Recharge Ponds Constructed to capture and store rainwater, allowing it to

Rainwater Harvesting Systems Structures designed to collect rainwater

Microbial Bioremediation The use of microorganisms to treat polluted water

You might also like