Example 5.

1 : Design of simply supported beam (rectagular section) page 1/4

Ref. Calculations Output

SPECIFICATION

w kN/m
h

L
b

Effective span, L = 8.25 m

Characteristic Actions:
Permanent, g k = 20 kN/m (Excluding selfweight)
Variable, q k = 10 kN/m
Design life = 50 Years (Table 2.1 EN 1990)
Fire resistance = R60 (Sec. 5 EN 1992-1-2)
Exposure classes = XC1
Table 4.1 Materials :
2
Characteristic strength of concrete, f ck = 20 N/mm (Table A.3 BS 8500)
2
3.1.2(3) Characteristic strength of steel, f yk = 500 N/mm
2
3.2.2(2) Characteristic strength of link, f yk = 500 N/mm
3
Unit weight of reinforced concrete = 25 kN/m (Table A.1 EN 1991-1)
Assumed: f Tension = 25mm ; f Compression = 16 mm ; f link = 8 mm
SIZE
Overall depth, h = L / 13 = 8250 / 13 = 635 mm Use : b x h
Width, b = 0.4h = 0.4 x 635 = 254 mm = 250 x 650 mm
DURABILITY, FIRE & BOND REQUIREMENTS
Table 4.2 Min. conc. cover regard to bond, C min,b = 20 mm
Table 4.4N Min. conc. cover regard to durability, C min,dur = 15 mm
4.4.1.2 Min. required axis distance for R60 fire resistance, Table 5.5 EN 1992-1-2
a sd = 30 + 10 = 40 mm
Min. concrete cover regard to fire,
C min = a sd - f link - f bar/2 = 40 - 8 - (25/2) = 19.5 mm
4.4.1.3 Allowance in design for deviation,
0.5 D C dev = 10 mm
4.4.1.1(2) Nominal cover, Use:
C nom = C min + DCdev = 20 + 10 = 30 mm C nom = 30 mm

LOADING & ANALYSIS

Beam selfweight = (0.25 x 0.65) x 25 = 4.06 kN/m
Permanent load (Excluding selfweight) = 20.00 kN/m
Characteristic permanent action, g k = 24.06 kN/m
Characteristic variable action, q k = 10.00 kN/m
Table A1.2B Design action,
: EN 1990 w d = 1.35g k + 1.5q k = 1.35(24.06) + 1.5(10) = 47.48 kN/m

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Example 5.1 : Design of simply supported beam (rectagular section) page 2/4

Ref. Calculations Output

wd = 47.48 kN/m

L = 8.25 m

Shear Force,
V = w d L /2
= 195.9 kN
Bending Moment,
M = w d L 2/8
M = 404.0 kNm
6.1 MAIN REINFORCEMENT
d'
Effective depth,
d = h - C nom - f link - f Tension = 650 - 30 - 8 - 25 = 587 mm d
d' = Cnom + f link + f comp. /2 = 30 + 8 + 16/2 = 46 mm h

Bending, Moment, M = 404.0 kNm b

6
M 404.0 x 10
K = 2 = = 0.234
bd f ck (250 x 587² x 20)
> K bal = 0.167 ==> Compression reinforcement is required

z = d [0.5 + 0.25 - Kbal/1.134) ] = d [0.5 + 0.25 - 0.167/1.134) ]

= 0.82d = 0.82 x 587 = 481.6 mm
(d - z ) 587 - 481.6
x = = = 263.5 mm
0.4 0.4
46
d'/x = = 0.17 < 0.38 => The compression steel will have yielded f sc = 0.87f yk
263.5
Area of compression steel;
(K - K bal)f ckbd 2 (0.234 - 0.167) x 20 x 250 x 587²
A s' = =
0.87f yk(d - d ') 0.87 x 500 x (587 - 46)
2
= 490.5 mm
Area of tension steel; Use : 3H 16
2 2
K bal f ckbd 0.167 x 20 x 250 x 587² ( 603 mm )
As = + A s' = + 490.5
0.87f yk z bal 0.87 x 500 x 481.6
2
= 1863.9 mm

9.2.1.1 Minimum and maximum reinforcement area;

f ctm 2.21
A s,min= 0.26 ( )bd = 0.26 ( )bd = 0.0011 bd
f yk 500 Use : 5H 25
2 2
A s,min= 0.0013 bd = 0.0013 x 250 x 587 = 190.8 mm ( 2455 mm )

2
As,max= 0.04Ac = 0.04 bh = 0.04 x 250 x 650 = 6500 mm

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Example 5.1 : Design of simply supported beam (rectagular section) page 3/4

Ref. Calculations Output

6.2 SHEAR REINFORCEMENT V Ed = 195.9 kN

6.2.3 0.36b wdf ck(1 - f ck/250)
V Rd, max =
(cot q + tan q )
0.36 x 250 x 650 x 20(1 - 20/250) 972072
= =
(cot q + tan q ) (cot q + tan q )

972072 cot 22 o = 2.5

V Rd, max ( q =22 o ) = = 335.2 kN >
tan 22 o = 0.4

V Rd, max ( q =45 o ) =

(2.5 + 0.4)
972072
= 486.0 kN >
} V Ed cot 45 o = 1.0
(1 + 1) tan 45 o = 1.0
Therefore angle q < 22°
Use : θ = 22.0
o
tan q = 0.40 cot q = 2.5

Shear links
9.2.2 (6) Max. spacing, s max = 0.75d = 0.75 x 587 = 440 mm
A sw V ed 195.9 x 10³
= = = 0.34
s 0.78f ykd cot q 0.78 x 500 x 587 x 2.5
101
Try link : H8 so, A sw = 101 mm2 : Spacing, s = = 294 mm
0.34 Use : H8 - 275
9.2.2(5) Minimum links
A sw 0.08f ck1/2b w 0.08 x (√20) x 250
= = = 0.18
s f yk 500
101
Try link : H8 so, A sw = 101 mm2 Spacing, s = = 562 mm
0.18 Use : H8 - 425

Shear resistance of minimum links

A sw
Vmin = (0.78df yk cot q )
s
101
= (0.78 x 587 x 500 x 2.5) = 135 kN
425

Links arrangement
196kN x= (196 - 135) / 47.5
135kN = 1.27 m

x
135kN
196kN
H8 - 275 H8 - 425 H8 - 275
1.27 m 5.70 m 1.27 m

6.2.3(7) Additional longitudinal reinforcement

Additional tensile force,
DF td = 0.5V Ed cot q = 0.5 x 195.9 x 2.5 = 245 kN Use : 2H 25
2
ΔF td 245x10³ ( 982 mm )
A s req. = = = 563 mm2
0.87f yk (0.87 x 500) 13
Example 5.1 : Design of simply supported beam (rectagular section) page 4/4

Ref. Calculations Output

7.4 DEFLECTION
Percentage of required tension reinforcement,
A s,req 1864
r = = = 0.013
bd 250 x 587
Reference reinforcement ratio,
1/2 -3
r o = (f ck) 1/2 x 10-3 = (20) x10 = 0.0045
Percentage of required compression reinforcement,
A s ' ,req 491
r' = = = 0.003
bd 250 x 587
Table 7.4N Factor for structural system, K = 1.0
r > ro Use equation --> (7.16b)

l  ro 1 r' 
= K 11  1.5 f ck  f ck  (7.16b)
d  r  r ' 12 ro 

= 1.0 (11 + 3.21 + 0.32) = 14.53

Modification factor for :-
7 7
span greater than 7 m = = = 0.85
span 8.25
A s,prov 2455
steel area provided, = = = 1.32 < 1.5 use: 1.32
A s,req 1864
l
So, allowable, = 14.53 x 0.85 x 1.32 = 16.303
d
l 8250
Actual , = = 14.1 < 16.30 Ok !
d 587
7.3 CRACKING
Table 7.1N Limiting crack width, w max = 0.3 mm
Steel stress,
f yk Gk  0.3Qk 1
fs = x
1.15 (1.35Gk  1.5Qk ) 
500 24.06 + (0.3x 10.0))
= x x 1.0
1.15 47.48
2
= 248 N/mm
Table 7.3N Max. allowable clear bar spacing = 150 mm s s
Clear spacing,
s = [ 250 - 2(30) - 2(8) - 3(25) ] / 2
= 49.5 mm < 150 mm Ok !
DETAILING
1300 3H 16 1300

H8-275 DFHJD
H8-425 55
H8-275

2H 25
6600 3H 25 6600
8250

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