Lab Report 03

United International University
Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Group Name: Team Code Zone
Lab Report 03
Study of Diode Rectifier Circuits
Submitted By: Md Fahim Saharia Khan.

ID: 011201160.
Course Title: Electronics Laboratory.
Course Code: EEE 2124.
Section: (B).
Department: Computer Science Engineering.
Submitted To: Md Abid Hossain, Lecturer, Department of CSE.
Objectives
One of the most important components in electrical systems is the conversion of AC to DC.
Generally, every electronic component and integrated circuit in a device runs on a DC power
source. In large-scale industrial systems as well, where when using high voltage, the conversion
of AC to DC is crucial.
The diode is the part that is most frequently utilized as a rectifier. A diode is a device with two
terminals that only allows current to flow in one direction. (The prior experiment discusses the
intricacies of the diode research). Rectification is the process of turning an AC voltage to a DC
voltage.
There are two types of rectifiers:

1. Half Wave Rectifier.
2. Full Wave Rectifier.
Apparatus
To conduct the experiment, we need:
1. p-n junction diode(1N4007) 4 pieces

2. Resistor (1K) 1 piece
3. Zener diode (4.7 V) 1 piece
4. Capacitor (10µF, 100µF) 1 piece each
5. Digital Oscilloscope 1 unit
6. Chords and wire lot
Part A: Half Wave Rectifier

Circuit Diagram:
Output Graph:
Part B: Full Wave Rectifier
Circuit Diagram:
Output Graph:
Answer of The Questions
Question 01. Write a short note on rectifier circuit and its use in electronics?
Answer: A rectifier circuit is an essential component in electronics used to convert alternating
current (AC) into direct current (DC). It accomplishes this by allowing current to flow in only one
direction, essentially "rectifying" the alternating current waveform into a unidirectional flow.
The most common type of rectifier circuit is the diode rectifier, which utilizes semiconductor
diodes.
The primary use of rectifier circuits in electronics is to provide DC power from an AC source.
This is crucial in various electronic devices and systems where a steady DC voltage is required
for proper operation. Some common applications of rectifier circuits include:
1. Power supplies: Rectifier circuits are integral components of power supply units in electronic
devices such as computers, televisions, and radios. They convert the AC voltage from the mains
power supply into DC voltage suitable for powering the internal circuits of these devices.
2. Battery charging: Rectifier circuits are used in battery chargers to convert AC power from the
mains into DC power for charging batteries, whether it's for small gadgets like smartphones or
larger applications like electric vehicles.
3. Signal demodulation: In communication systems, rectifier circuits are used to demodulate
amplitude-modulated (AM) signals, separating the original signal from the carrier wave.
4. Electrochemical processes: Rectifiers are employed in various electrochemical processes such
as electroplating, electrolysis, and electroforming, where a controlled DC current is necessary
for deposition or other chemical reactions.
Overall, rectifier circuits play a vital role in modern electronics by enabling the conversion of
AC to DC power, facilitating the operation of numerous electronic devices and systems across
different industries.
Question 02. Why is Full wave rectifier better than half wave rectifier? Explain in details.
Answer: A full-wave rectifier is typically considered superior to a half-wave rectifier due to
several advantages it offers in terms of efficiency, output ripple, and utilization of the input AC
waveform. Here's a detailed explanation of why a full-wave rectifier is better:
1. Utilization of input AC waveform:
- In a half-wave rectifier, only one-half (either positive or negative) of the input AC waveform
is utilized. The other half is essentially wasted.
- In contrast, a full-wave rectifier utilizes both the positive and negative cycles of the input AC
waveform, effectively doubling the utilization of the input power.
2. Higher efficiency:
- Since a full-wave rectifier uses both halves of the input AC cycle, it produces a more
continuous output compared to a half-wave rectifier.
- This continuous output leads to higher average output voltage and power, resulting in
improved efficiency in converting AC to DC compared to a half-wave rectifier.
3. Lower ripple voltage:
- Ripple voltage refers to the AC component present in the rectified output. It is undesirable
as it can cause fluctuations in the output voltage of the power supply.
- A full-wave rectifier typically produces a lower ripple voltage compared to a half-wave
rectifier. This is because the full-wave rectifier operates for a larger portion of the AC cycle,
leading to smoother output voltage.
4. Higher average output voltage:
- As a full-wave rectifier utilizes both halves of the input AC waveform, the average output
voltage is higher compared to a half-wave rectifier.
- This results in a more stable and consistent DC output voltage, which is desirable for many
electronic applications.
5. Better transformer utilization:
- In a full-wave rectifier, the transformer secondary winding is utilized more effectively since
it conducts during both halves of the AC cycle.
- This leads to reduced requirements for the transformer size and rating compared to a half-
wave rectifier for the same output power.
6. Reduced ripple frequency:
- In a full-wave rectifier, the ripple frequency in the output is doubled compared to the input
frequency. This higher ripple frequency can be more easily filtered out using capacitors,
resulting in smoother DC output.
Overall, these advantages make full-wave rectifiers preferable over half-wave rectifiers in most
practical applications where efficiency, output voltage stability, and ripple reduction are
important considerations.
Question 03. Discuss various types of full wave rectifier circuit.

Answer: Full-wave rectifiers are circuits that convert the entire input waveform into DC output.
There are primarily two types of full-wave rectifier circuits:
1. Center-Tapped Full-Wave Rectifier:
- The center-tapped full-wave rectifier uses a center-tapped transformer and two diodes.
- The transformer's secondary winding is center-tapped, meaning it has a connection at the
middle of the winding.
- During the positive half-cycle of the input AC voltage, one diode conducts and allows current
to flow through the load resistor in one direction.
- During the negative half-cycle, the other diode conducts, and current flows through the load
resistor in the opposite direction.
- This configuration ensures that both halves of the input AC waveform are utilized, resulting
in full-wave rectification.
- Center-tapped full-wave rectifiers are commonly used in low to medium power applications.
2. Bridge Rectifier:
- The bridge rectifier configuration does not require a center-tapped transformer. It utilizes
four diodes arranged in a bridge configuration.
- During the positive half-cycle of the input AC voltage, diodes D1 and D2 conduct, allowing
current to flow through the load resistor in one direction.
- During the negative half-cycle, diodes D3 and D4 conduct, and current flows through the
load resistor in the opposite direction.
- The bridge rectifier configuration provides full-wave rectification without the need for a
center-tapped transformer, making it more compact and suitable for high-power applications.
- Bridge rectifiers are widely used in power supplies for electronic devices, from small
electronics to large industrial applications.
3. Full-Wave Rectifier with Two Diodes:
- This configuration uses two diodes and a transformer with a non-center-tapped secondary
winding.
- During the positive half-cycle of the input AC voltage, one diode conducts, allowing current
to flow through the load resistor in one direction.
- During the negative half-cycle, the other diode conducts, and current flows through the load
resistor in the opposite direction.
- This arrangement provides full-wave rectification without the need for a center-tapped
transformer, similar to the bridge rectifier configuration.
- However, it requires a transformer with a non-center-tapped secondary winding, which may
limit its applicability in certain situations.
These are the main types of full-wave rectifier circuits commonly used in electronic
applications. Each type has its advantages and limitations, and the choice of circuit depends on
factors such as power requirements, space constraints, and cost considerations.

Lab Report 03

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lab Report 03

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Lab Report 03

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

United International University

Department of Computer Science & Engineering

Submitted By: Md Fahim Saharia Khan.

There are two types of rectifiers:

1. p-n junction diode(1N4007) 4 pieces

Part A: Half Wave Rectifier

Question 03. Discuss various types of full wave rectifier circuit.

You might also like