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    Ceramics Research (CAPE)

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    alcockgenell
    Ceramics are objects made from raw clay materials that are shaped and hardened through firing in a kiln. There are various types of ceramics including earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, and bone china which differ based on raw materials and firing temperatures. Ceramic objects have been created for thousands of years using techniques like hand building, wheel throwing, and molds. Common hand building methods are pinch, coil, and slab construction. Desk organizers are containers used on work surfaces to keep items organized and allow for efficient work space.

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    Ceramics Research (CAPE)

    Uploaded by

    alcockgenell
    5 views8 pages
    Ceramics are objects made from raw clay materials that are shaped and hardened through firing in a kiln. There are various types of ceramics including earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, and bone china which differ based on raw materials and firing temperatures. Ceramic objects have been created for thousands of years using techniques like hand building, wheel throwing, and molds. Common hand building methods are pinch, coil, and slab construction. Desk organizers are containers used on work surfaces to keep items organized and allow for efficient work space.

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    Research on three-dimensional art (ceramics) for CAPE

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    ceramics research (CAPE)

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    Ceramics are objects made from raw clay materials that are shaped and hardened through firing in a kiln. There are various types of ceramics including earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, and bone china which differ based on raw materials and firing temperatures. Ceramic objects have been created for thousands of years using techniques like hand building, wheel throwing, and molds. Common hand building methods are pinch, coil, and slab construction. Desk organizers are containers used on work surfaces to keep items organized and allow for efficient work space.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    5 views8 pages

    Ceramics Research (CAPE)

    Uploaded by

    alcockgenell
    Ceramics are objects made from raw clay materials that are shaped and hardened through firing in a kiln. There are various types of ceramics including earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, and bone china which differ based on raw materials and firing temperatures. Ceramic objects have been created for thousands of years using techniques like hand building, wheel throwing, and molds. Common hand building methods are pinch, coil, and slab construction. Desk organizers are containers used on work surfaces to keep items organized and allow for efficient work space.

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    Caribbean Advanced Proficiency Examination

    Arts and Design


    Unit 2- Paper 02
    Applied Arts

    Name:
    Teacher:
    Centre Number:
    Candidate Number:
    Question: 1
    What are ceramics?

    According to the Crucible website ceramic objects are made by combining naturally occurring

    raw materials, such as clay, earthen minerals, and water, and shaping them into forms using hand

    building, wheel-throwing, or mold casting techniques. The website further explains that once

    shaped, the ceramic is fired in a kiln at a high temperature which makes them hardened and heat

    resistant. The website posits that ceramic objects are used as building materials, functional

    dinnerware, decorative sculpture, and more.

    Types of Ceramics: Traditional Types of Pottery

    The Crucible website posits that earthenware, stoneware, porcelain, and bone china are common

    examples of traditional pottery. It also states thatdifferent types of clay and combinations of clay

    with different variations of silica and other minerals result in different types of ceramic pottery.

    Earthenware website explains that nowadays we


    commonly see planters made from terracotta
    According to the Crucible website (a clay-based and unglazed ceramic), along
    earthenware is pottery that has not been with bricks, water pipes, and more.
    fired to vitrification, which is the process of
    crystalline silicate compounds bonding into
    non-crystalline glass compounds. As a
    result, the pottery is more porous and
    coarser to the touch. It was most common
    type of ceramics until the 18th century. The
    porcelain ceramics are bathroom and kitchen
    tiles, vessels, decorative sculptures, and
    Stoneware more.

    The Crucible website posits that stoneware


    is a vitreous or semi-vitreous ceramic that is
    coated in enamel to make it appear glassy
    and to make it nonporous. The website
    explains that stoneware is fired at high
    temperatures compared to other ceramics
    and is typically an earth tone color because Bone china
    of impurities in the clay and it is normally
    glazed. According to the Crucible website bone
    china, or fine china,is a type of porcelain
    that is known for its translucency, high
    strength, and chip resistance which was
    developed by English ceramicist Josiah
    Spode around 1800. It ismadefrom bone ash,
    feldspathic material, and kaolin. Bone china
    ceramics can be shaped into thinner forms
    than porcelain because it is such a strong
    Porcelain
    material. It is vitrified but is translucent due

    The Crucible website states that porcelain to differing mineral properties.

    ceramics are made by heating materials,


    generally kaolin clay, in a kiln to
    temperatures between 2,200- and 2,600-
    degrees Fahrenheit. Porcelain is very heat-
    resistant and strong compared to other types
    of ceramicsbecause of the vitrification
    process and formation of the silicate mineral
    mullite when fired. Common types of
    Brief History of Ceramics

    According to the Crucible website the oldest known ceramics date back to at least 25,000 BC.

    The ceramics uncovered in Czechoslovakia by archaeologists, were in the form of animal and

    human figurines which were made from a mixture of animal fat, bone, bone ash, and clay.They

    were fired in ground kilns at low temperatures around 1000 degrees Fahrenheit, or simply dried

    in the sun to harden. The website further explains that the first examples of functional ceramics

    vessels are believed to be from about 9,000 BC and were likely used to store food, grains, and

    water. This was also around the time that small farming communities became more common in

    Asia, the Middle East, and Europe.Moreover, the website also states that early ceramics were

    generally simple in design and texture and were fired without glazes. Greek Attic vases showed

    the first known use of oxidizing and reducing atmosphere during firing to achieve surface

    patterns and varying colors, in the 6th and 5th centuries BC.

    The Crucible website posits that the wheel was invented in 3,500 BC which allowed potters to go

    beyond the restrictions of hand building, and to dive into creating pieces with radial symmetry.

    According to the Crucible website,Chinese potters introduced high-temperature kilnsaround 600

    CE, and developed porcelain from kaolin clay, which is also known as China clay. This allowed

    for less porous and much stronger ceramic vessels. The website further posits that throughout the

    16th century, low fire earthenware wasthe most common type of ceramic in Europe and the

    Middle Eastuntil the Middle Ages where trade through the Silk Road allowed for the

    introduction of porcelain and high-temperature kilns throughout Islamic countries and Europe.
    Ceramic Hand Building Techniques

    According to the Ceramic Arts Network Daily website, hand-building is an ancient pottery-

    making technique that involves creating forms without a pottery wheel, using the hands, fingers,

    and simple tools. The most common hand-building techniques are pinch pottery, coil building,

    and slab building.

    Pinch Method

    The Lakeside Pottery website states that the Coil Methods


    pinch method is similar to the way Native
    According the Lakeside Pottery website,
    Americans shaped clay into useful pots. The
    coils of clay can be used to build bowls,
    website explains that you begin a pinch pot
    vases and other forms in various shapes and
    by forming a lump of clay into a smooth
    sizes. Ceramic Arts Network Daily website
    sphere that fits the size of the hand. Ceramic
    further explains that the coil building is a
    Arts Network Daily website further explains
    forming method that uses ropelike coils of
    that you insert a thumb into a ball of clay
    clay, assembled in successive courses to
    and continually pinch the clay between the
    build up wall of vessel or sculpture.
    thumb and fingers while rotating to thin out
    and raise the height of the vessel.Pinching
    can deliver a pleasingly organic look, but
    can also yield beautiful, refined results.
    of clay that are then formed around molds or
    shaped by hand.Furthermore, the website
    states that although the slab technique can
    be used to create many of the same shapes
    that are achievable on a wheel, it also allows
    the potter to create more angular shapes that
    are more challenging to make on a wheel.

    Slab Methods

    The Ceramic Arts Network Dailyposits that


    the slab technique starts with smooth slabs

    Desk organizers

    According to the Cambridge dictionary, a desk organizer is a container for holding pens, pencils,

    paper, etc. that is kept on top of a table that you work at. The Staples we site posits that desk

    organizers keep office desks tidy to allow for ample working space and smooth workflow. The

    website also highlights that desk organizers come in a variety of sizes and shapes so every

    individual can apply the unique organizational system that works best for them.

    Examples of desk organizers:


    Bibliography

    Cambridge Dictionary. Desk organizer. Retrieved on May 5, 2022 from

    https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/desk-organizer

    Ceramic Arts Network Daily. Hand-building Techniques. Retrieved on April 25, 2022 from

    https://ceramicartsnetwork.org/daily/handbuilding-techniques#:~:text=The%20most

    %20common%20handbuilding%20techniques,the%20height%20of%20the%20vessel.

    Lakeside Pottery. Methods of Clay Hand-building Techniques. Retrieved on April 25, 2022 from

    https://www.lakesidepottery.com/HTML%20Text/Methods%20of%20Handbuilding.htm

    The Crucible. Guides to Industrial Arts. Intro to Ceramics. Retrieved on April 25, 2022 from

    https://www.thecrucible.org/guides/ceramics/.
    Staples. Desk Organizers & Accessories. Retrieved on May 5, 2022 from

    https://www.staples.com/Desk-Organizers-Accessories/cat_CG22

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