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    The Ixodidae are a family of over 700 species of hard ticks, also known as scale ticks. They are distinguished from other ticks by having a scutum or hard shield on their backs. Many Ixodidae species are vectors for pathogens that can cause human diseases like Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and others. Their lifecycle involves painlessly biting a host and remaining attached for days or weeks until fully engorged.

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    The Ixodidae are a family of over 700 species of hard ticks, also known as scale ticks. They are distinguished from other ticks by having a scutum or hard shield on their backs. Many Ixodidae species are vectors for pathogens that can cause human diseases like Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and others. Their lifecycle involves painlessly biting a host and remaining attached for days or weeks until fully engorged.

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    The Ixodidae are a family of over 700 species of hard ticks, also known as scale ticks. They are distinguished from other ticks by having a scutum or hard shield on their backs. Many Ixodidae species are vectors for pathogens that can cause human diseases like Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and others. Their lifecycle involves painlessly biting a host and remaining attached for days or weeks until fully engorged.

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    Safari - Feb 21, 2024 at 12:10 PM 2

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    The Ixodidae are a family of over 700 species of hard ticks, also known as scale ticks. They are distinguished from other ticks by having a scutum or hard shield on their backs. Many Ixodidae species are vectors for pathogens that can cause human diseases like Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, and others. Their lifecycle involves painlessly biting a host and remaining attached for days or weeks until fully engorged.

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    Ixodidae
    Article Talk

    The Ixodidae are the family of hard ticks or scale ticks,[1] one of the three families of ticks,
    consisting of over 700 species. They are known as 'hard ticks' because they have a scutum or hard
    shield, which the other major family of ticks, the 'soft ticks' (Argasidae), lack. They are ectoparasites
    of a wide range of host species, and some are vectors of pathogens that can cause human
    disease.[citation needed]

    Contents Ixodidae
    Temporal range: Cretaceous–present
    Description
    PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K PgN
    Classification
    Fossil genera

    Medical importance

    See also

    References

    External links

    Ixodes ricinus (engorged)


    Description
    Scientific classification
    They are distinguished from the Argasidae by the presence
    of a scutum.[2] In both the nymph and the adult, a Domain: Eukaryota

    prominent gnathosoma (or capitulum, mouth and feeding


    Kingdom: Animalia
    parts) projects forward from the animal's body; in the
    Argasidae, conversely, the gnathosoma is concealed Phylum: Arthropoda
    beneath the body.[citation needed]
    Subphylum: Chelicerata
    They differ, too, in their lifecycle; Ixodidae that attach to a
    host bite painlessly and are generally unnoticed, and they Class: Arachnida
    remain in place until they engorge and are ready to change
    Order: Ixodida
    their skin; this process may take days or weeks. Some
    species drop off the host to moult in a safe place, whereas Superfamily: Ixodoidea
    others remain on the same host and only drop off once
    they are ready to lay their eggs.[citation needed] Family: Ixodidae
    C. L. Koch, 1844

    Classification

    There are 702 species in 14 genera.[3] The family contains these


    genera:[3]

    Africaniella – two species

    Amblyomma – 130 species (includes some of Aponomma)

    Anomalohimalaya – three species

    Archaeocroton – one species

    Bothriocroton – seven species

    Cosmiomma – one species

    Cornupalpatum – one species

    Compluriscutula – one species

    Dermacentor – 34 species (includes Anocentor)

    Haemaphysalis – 166 species

    Hyalomma – 27 species

    Ixodes – 246 species

    Margaropus – three species

    Nosomma – two species

    Rhipicentor – two species

    Rhipicephalus – 82 species (includes Boophilus)

    Robertsicus – one species

    Fossil genera
    †Compluriscutula Poinar and Buckley 2008 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian

    †Cornupalpatum Poinar and Brown 2003 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Cenomanian

    Medical importance

    See also: Tick-borne disease

    Many hard ticks are of considerable medical importance, acting as vectors of diseases caused by
    bacteria, protozoa, and viruses, such as Rickettsia and Borrelia.[2] The saliva of female ticks is toxic,
    causing ascending paralysis in animals and people, known as tick paralysis. Tick species that are
    commonly associated with tick paralysis are Dermacentor andersoni, Dermacentor occidentalis,
    Dermacentor variabilis, and Ixodes holocyclus.[4]

    Other tick-borne diseases include Lyme disease, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, Rocky Mountain spotted
    fever, anaplasmosis, Southern tick-associated rash illness, tick-borne relapsing fever, tularemia,
    Colorado tick fever, Powassan encephalitis, and Q fever.[5]

    See also

    Ticks of domestic animals


    Arthropods portal

    References

    1. ^ "Ixodidae" . NCBI taxonomy. Bethesda, MD: National Center for Biotechnology Information. Archived from
    the original on 14 May 2018. Retrieved 28 September 2017. "Lineage( full ) cellular organisms; Eukaryota;
    Opisthokonta; Metazoa; Eumetazoa; Bilateria; Protostomia; Ecdysozoa; Panarthropoda; Arthropoda; Chelicerata;
    Arachnida; Acari; Parasitiformes; Ixodida; Ixodoidea"

    2. ^ a b D. H. Molyneux (1993). "Vectors" . In Francis E. G. Cox (ed.). Modern parasitology: a textbook of


    parasitology (2nd ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. pp. 53–74. ISBN 978-0-632-02585-5. Archived from the original on
    2017-02-15. Retrieved 2016-11-06.

    3. ^ a b Alberto A. Guglielmone; Richard G. Robbing; Dmitry A. Apanaskevich; Trevor N. Petney; Agustín Estrada-
    Peña; Ivan G. Horak; Renfu Shao; Stephen C. Barker (2010). "The Argasidae, Ixodidae and Nuttalliellidae (Acari:
    Ixodida) of the world: a list of valid species names" (PDF). Zootaxa. 2528: 1–28.
    doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2528.1.1 . hdl:11336/97869 . Archived (PDF) from the original on 2019-07-24.
    Retrieved 2015-06-28.

    4. ^ Sirois, Margi (2015). Laboratory Procedures for Veterinary Technicians. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier.

    5. ^ "CDC - Tick-Borne Diseases - NIOSH Workplace Safety and Health Topic" . www.cdc.gov. 2018-11-14.
    Archived from the original on 2019-07-01. Retrieved 2019-07-01.

    External links

    Data related to Ixodidae at Wikispecies

    Media related to Ixodidae at Wikimedia Commons

    Last edited on 15 February 2024, at 13:03

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