DPM 25

A to E

A. Words along with their meaning, Pronunciation and usage

Dawdle /ˈdɔːd(ə)l/
[Verb]

 waste time; be slow.

 move slowly and idly in a particular direction.

Usage

 – They must not dawdle and head to the hospital immediately.

 – He dawdled back through the metro station.

Origin – mid-17thcentury: related to dialect daddle, doddle, to ‘dally’.

Debacle /deɪˈbɑːk(ə)l/
[Noun] a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.
Usage – He was the only team member to reach double figures in the second-innings
debacle.
Origin – Early-19thcentury (in sense ‘the breaking up of ice in a river’): from French débâcle,
from débâcler ‘unleash’, from dé- ‘un-’ + bâcler ‘to bar’ (from Latin baculum ‘staff’).

Deleterious /ˌdɛlɪˈtɪərɪəs/
[Adjective] causing harm or damage.

Usage – Global warming has deleterious effects on rain patterns.

Origin – Mid-17thcentury: via medieval Latin from Greek dēlētērios ‘noxious’ + -ous.
Translate deleterious to
Diatribe /ˈdʌɪətrʌɪb/
[Noun] a forceful and bitter verbal attack against someone or something.
Usage – He launched into a diatribe against capitalism.
Origin – Late 16thcentury (denoting a disquisition): from French, via Latin from Greek
diatribē ‘spending of time, discourse’, from dia‘through’ + tribein ‘rub’.

Dilettante /ˌdɪlɪˈtanteɪ,ˌdɪlɪˈtanti/

[Noun]

 a person who cultivates an area of interest, such as the arts, without real
commitment or knowledge.
 (Archaic) a person with an amateur interest in the arts.

Usage - He is a wealthy, literate dilettante.

Origin – Mid 18thcentury: from Italian, ‘person loving the arts’, from dilettare ‘to delight’,
from Latin delectare.

Dissimulate /dɪˈsɪmjʊleɪt/

[Verb] conceal or disguise (one's thoughts, feelings, or character).

Usage – He is a wealthy man who dissimulates his wealth beneath old clothes.
Origin – Late Middle English: from Latin dissimulat- ‘hidden, concealed’, from the verb
dissimulare.

Devil’s advocate
[Phrase, Noun] a person who expresses a contentious opinion in order to provoke debate or
test the strength of the opposing arguments.
Usage –the interviewer will need to play devil's advocate, to put the other side's case
forward.
Origin – During the canonization process employed by the Roman Catholic Church,
popularly known as the Devil's advocate, was a canon lawyer appointed by Church
authorities to argue against the canonization of a candidate.

Dead in the water

[Phrase] unable to function effectively.
Usage – The world economy seems dead in the water.
De rigueur
[French, Phrase] strictly required.
Usage – Consumables from outside were de rigueur in the movie hall.

Dolce vita
[Italian, Phrase] the sweet life. The sense is of a luxurious and self-indulgent lifestyle.
Usage – With his boss away on leave, he was living the dolce vita.
B. RC Passage (with link)

Article 1: Which is the best language to learn

https://www.1843magazine.com/content/ideas/robert-lane-greene/which-best-
language-learn

Summary: This long read, authored by several writers, argues that it is never too late to
learn a new language. The introduction by Lane Greene makes a strong case—citing
intellectual, economic, and practical reasons—for learning languages other than one’s own.
Each of the contributors to the article—Daniel Franklin (Spanish), Simon Long (Chinese),
Josie Delap (Arabic), Helen Joyce (Brazilian Portuguese), Tim de Lisle (Latin)—details the
nuances and challenges of learning a language. Besides providing interesting insights into
the language, and the culture of the people who speak them, the essays spell out the
challenges that one would encounter while learning these languages.

Article 2: Wily coronavirus leaves docs clueless on recovery rates

https://www.deccanherald.com/state/wily-coronavirus-leaves-docs-clueless-on-recovery-
rates-825496.html

Summary: This article analyses the recovery patterns of people affected by the novel
coronavirus and finds that there are no discernible patterns that emerge amidst the
fluctuating picture of recovery rates. Examining data from the state of Karnataka, the article
deduces that neither age nor immunity nor co-morbidity factors are able to explain the
cases of recovering patients suffering from COVID-19, and that the medical fraternity too
seems to be confounded by the mystery as to what accounts for the high viral load that
causes some patients to succumb to the virus while others come out unscathed.

Article 3: The search for new geologic sources of lithium could power a clean future

https://www.sciencenews.org/article/search-new-geologic-sources-lithium-could-power-
clean-future

Summary: There’s a lot to learn about where and how to mine the lightest metal on the
periodic table. Prospecting for new sources of Lithium is booming fuelled by expectations
that demand for lightweight, rechargeable lithium batteries — to power electric vehicles,
cell phones, laptops and renewable energy storage facilities — is about to skyrocket.
Article 4: What is the Fate of the Universe?

https://astronomy.com/magazine/greatest-mysteries/2019/07/9-what-is-the-fate-of-the-
universe

Summary: For most of recorded history, the answer was simple: The universe has always
existed and always will. Few people challenged the dogma or even suspected it might not be
true. Although the answer to this ancient question is still unknown, there are strong
observational hints toward a clear outcome. And, that, in and of itself, would have
surprised most astronomers who thought about the subject during the past 85 years.

Article 5: Who Needs the Sociology of Health and Illness? A New Agenda for Responsive
and Interdisciplinary Sociology of Health and Medicine

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fsoc.2018.00004/full

Summary: We argue that more innovative approaches and better research questions would
guide us to be more responsive as medical sociologists. In particular, we think that
interdisciplinary and translative work hold untapped potentials for our field.
C. RC Passage (with Questions)

Once in Persia ruled a king, who upon his signet ring raved a motto true and wise,
Which, when held before his eyes, gave him counsel at a glance Fit for any change or
chance. Solemn words, and these were they."Even this shall pass away."
Trains of camels through the sand Brought him gems from Samarkand, Fleets of galleys
through the seas Brought him pearls to rival these. Yet he counted little gain Treasures of
the mine or main. "Wealth may come, but not to stay; Even this shall pass away.

"Mid the revels of his court, In the zenith of his sport, When the palms of his guests 8urned
with clapping at hisjests, He, amid his figs and wine, cried Oh, precious friends of mine,
Pleasures come, but not to stay; Even this shall pass away.

"Fighting in a furious field, once a javelin pierced his shield; Soldiers with a loud lament
Bore him bleeding to his tent. Groaning from his wounded side,

“Pain is hard to bear” he cried. '’But with patience, day by day. Even this shall pass
away."Towering in the public square, Twenty cubits in the air,
Rose his statue grand in stone; And the king, disguised, unknown, gazing on his
sculptured name, asked himself: "And what is lame? Fame is but a slow decay; Even this
shall pass away."

Struck with palsy, sere and old, standing at the gates of gold, spoke he thus in dying breath:
"Life is done, and what is death?" Then, in answer to the king, fell a sunbeam on the ring,
Answering, with its heavenly ray: Even death shall pass away

1. The Persian King got the motto engraved on his signet ring because
A. It would always be with him
B. It would be a constant reminder
C. It was a royal prerogative
D. He liked rings with mottos engraved on them

2. What did the king advocate to help his soldiers withstand pain?
A. A soothing balm
B. The realisation that it would not last
 C. Patience and endurance
D. The ministrations of his soldiers

3. The symbol that represented the fame of the king was

A. the signet king
B. a grand statue
C. Gems from Samarkand
D. trains of camels

4. The central idea of the poem id that

A. Nothing is permanent in life
B. lasting happiness can be found only in Heaven
C. the pleasure of life is fleeting
D. there is hope even after death
D. Quantitative Aptitude

1. A said to B" I am four times as old as you were when I was one third of what your
age will be two years from now". If the sum of their ages is 46 years, find the age of
A (in years).

2. A precious stone fell down and broke into three pieces. The weights of the three
pieces are in the ratio 2:3:4. The value of the stone varies directly with the square of
its weight. If the loss caused due to breakage is 104000, find the value of the stone
before it fell down (in Rs.)

3. A Woman divided the land she had among the four daughters as follows. She gave 6
acres and 20% of the remaining land to the eldest daughter. To the second daughter
she gave 9 acres and 20% of the remaining land. To the third daughter she gave 8
acres and 20% of the remaining and to fourth daughter she gave 16 acres. She was
left with no land what was the total area of the land she had initially (in acres).

4. Sanjay started for his office P minutes late. He travelled at 7/5th of his usual speed
and reached P minutes early. Next day he started P minutes early and wanted to go
P minutes late. At what speed should he travel if his normal speed is s.
(A) 7/11s (B) 11/7s (C) 7/9s (D) 9/7s

5. 20 litres of milk solution having 24% milk and remaining water is given. How many
litres of water must be added to make it a 20% solution of milk in water?

6. Rana, Sona and Tina participated in a running competition. Each of them takes
below 30 seconds to complete the race. Rana who is the winner takes between 5 to
10 seconds to complete the race. The product of the timing of all the three (in
seconds) is multiple of 77 and 161. Find the time taken by Tina (in seconds) who
finished last.
7. In a nuclear reaction, during the first 10 hours, one atom of element A becomes 2
atoms of A for every hour; and thereafter the number of atoms of A decrease, every
hour, to one-eighth of the number of its atoms at the beginning of that hour. After
10 hours of the reaction which started with a single atom of A, one atom of the B is
added to the reaction. If each atom of B becomes 4 atoms of the at the end of 1 hour
of reaction. What is the total number of atoms in the reactor at the end of 13 hours
from the start of the reaction?

8. How many of the following statements is/are true for the equation in integers 5 x +
7 y = 752?
(a) The equation will have exactly one solution for 250 < y < 256
(b) The equation will have more than one solution for -200 < x < -191
(c) The equation will have exactly two solutions for 30 < x ≤ 36

9. A = {1, 2, 3, …….., 20} and R = {(a, b)/ a, b ϵ A}.

If [R(x) – 3x] [R(x) – (2x+3)] = 0, how many ordered pairs are there in R?

10. A number N = 25×32×54×7×113. Find the number of ways the number N can be
expressed as a product of three factors, such that the factors are pairwise co-prime.
E. DILR SET-1

Directions for questions 1 to 5: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given
below:

Due to the variation in the size of Bananas produced in a particular year, the number of
Bananas per kg varies as per the table given below.

1. In 2011, what is the difference between the average price of 1 kg of musambis and 1 kg of
bananas?

(A) Rs 5 (B) Rs 10 (C) Rs 7.50 (D) None of these

2. If from 2015 to 2016, the cost of bananas increases by the same amount as it increased
from 2014 to 2015, what would be the cost of 1 kg of bananas in 2016?

(A) Rs 49 (B) Rs 28 (C) Rs 35 (D) Cannot be determined

3. Percentage increase in the cost of 1 kg of bananas from 2011 to 2015 is (negative signs
show a decrease) -

(A) 5% (B) 10% (C) -5% (D) -10%

4. If the total production of musambis during 2011-15 was in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 1 : 3 : 2,

then the average cost of 1 kg of musambis during the period would be -

(A) Rs 28 (B) Rs 29.44 (C) Rs 29 (D) Rs 30

5. If the total production of bananas had remained constant throughout the given period,
the average cost of 1 kg of bananas during the period would have been -

(A) Rs 28 (B) Rs 29 (C) Rs 24 (D) Rs 31