My English

Dreambook 3
3rd Grade

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2
 Unit 1A Being afraid of technology? 7

1
1B Hanging around 13
1C Accept my facebook invitation please 15
1D Review 20
1E Writing tips 23

Unit 2A Are you a fussy eater? 27

2
2B Junk food 32
2C Happy or not-so-happy meals? 38
2D Review 43
2E Writing tips 45

Unit 3A Big regret 49

3
3B What should you have done? 57
3C What happened to her? 61
3D Inspirational story 66
3E Review 69
3F Big project 72

Unit 4A What can you do? 75

4
$ 4B What can’t you do? 81
4C Money and charity 84
4D Inspirational story 88
4E Review 91
4F Writing tips 95

Unit 5A Have you ever faced a difficult situation? 99

5
5B Can tech make our life easier? 105
5C Can you live without your smartphone? 112
5D Review 115
5E Writing tips 117

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Unit 6A Hollywood celebrities 120

6
6B Movies, movies! 125
6C My favorite movie ever! 131
6D Did you know that? 136
6E Inspirational story 137
6F Review 140

Unit 7A What are my qualities? 147

7
7B Sheryl’s ideal date 159
7C Love hurts 164
7D Review 168
7E Writing Tips 172

Unit 8A Ghosts and misteries I 174

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8B Ghosts and misteries II 181
8C Unknown flying object 188
8D Review 192
8E Writing tips 194

Unit 9A My Childhood 197

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9B My Childhood 204
9C What’s your favorite friend? 207
9D Did you know that? 212
9E Inspirational story 214
9F Review 216

Unit 10A New York Sports 221

10
10B Sports 229
10C Football and money 231
10D Review 236
10E Writing tips 240

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Unit 11A Unusual animals 242

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11B Unusual Encounters 247
11C Wallaby 258
11D Review 265
11E Writing tips 268

Unit 12A Let’s celebrate 271

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12B Parties and celebrations 284
12C Chinese new year 289
12D Did you know 299
12E Inspirational story 302
12F Writing 305

Workbook 309

Photo credits 352

Source and references 359

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 Unit 1

IT’S YOUR
DETERMINATION
AND PERSISTENCE
THAT WILL
MAKE YOU A
SUCCESSFUL
PERSON.
—KENNETH J. HUTCHINS

UNIT 1 - AFRAID OF TECHNOLOGY?

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1A
Being Afraid of
Technology?

READING AND
LISTENING
What can you see in the
picture? Do you like to be on
social media websites? What
social media do you use?

1 Listen to track 1 and fill in the blanks with the following verbs. There is one
extra option.

shook - wore - took - felt - saw - made - had (x2)

The Evils of Technology

Maria Gonzalez didn’t like how technology was slowly taking over
everyone’s life. She always (1)_________ the bus to school. Whenever
she got on the bus, she would notice that more than half of the people
P1 were staring down at their phones. Fewer people were having actual
conversations with each other. She felt bad. She thought that this was
the reason why people (2)_________ trouble relating to people in the
real world. Everyone was living online now.

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 1A

Maria had trouble making new friends because she hated being
on social media websites like Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. She
rarely met new people. She tried going up to people on the bus and
P2 starting a conversation, but they always looked at her weirdly. She
(3)________ like she was an outsider, and the only one that was not
caught in the Internet’s web of lies.

One day, while Maria was walking in the park, she (4)_________ a
girl walking through the park. The girl (5)_________ a long, colorful
dress, and was always smiling. Maria wanted to talk to this girl.
P3 She walked up to the girl and said hello. At first the girl was startled,
because she didn’t see Maria coming, but then she smiled and said,
“Hello. Do we know each other?” Maria (6)_________ her head and
said no. Maria asked her if she wanted to hang out and talk. The girl
said “Sure”. Maria and the girl talked for hours. They talked about
everything: music, boys, family, food and their shared distrust of
technology. Maria had done something she hadn’t done since she
was a young girl: she (7)_________ a new friend in the real world.

2 Choose a correct title for each 3 Answer the following questions.

paragraph.
3.1. Why people had problems
a. Immerse in virtual world relating to other people in the
b. A real friend real world?
c. Feeling like an alien 3.2. Why Maria felt she was an
outsider?
3.3. Did Maria have problems
P1 P2 P3
making friends in social
websites?
3.4. Who did Maria hang out with?

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1A

LISTENING

4 Listen to track 2
and complete the
blanks. You are
going to listen to
a conversation
between Paul and
Aimee about the use
of their cellphones.

a. Paul: …I’m always having to look at (1)__________, my (2)________. I’m

looking at the (3)________ ________ online.
b. Paul: I forgot (4)________ ________ the other day.
c. Aimee: …So I think I need to (5)________ ________ unplugging.
d. Paul: …In fact, I really like (6)________ and being (7)________, and I think
one of the things I really love about it, it’s that I’m nobody (8)_________
________ ________, you know?
e. Aimee: …I’m trying to get back into (9)_________. Uhm, just get back into
real books instead of (10)_______ _______. So, yeah, I (11)_______ ________
cold turkey, I think, a couple of days a week. I would need to cut down.

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 1A

SLANG
COLD TURKEY:
1. (v.) To withdraw (remove) from an addictive
substance or habit abruptly and completely.
Ex: I don’t want to cold turkey, I prefer to
reduce the use of my cellphone little by little.
2. (adj.) Abrupt and complete.
Ex: A cold turkey reduction of alcohol.

VOCABULARY
Ways to look

Match the word with its definition.

1. ______ To look at something for a long time,

in surprise or admiration.
2. ______ To have a quick look at something.

glare stare gaze 3. ______ To stare angrily or fiercely.

4. ______ To look very carefully, as if not able to
see well.
5. ______ To look quickly and cautiously.
6. ______ To have a passing view of something
glance squint glimpse
or someone.
7. ______ To look at something for a long time
with the eyes wide open.
8. ______ To look with eyes half shut or turned
peer peep sideways, or through a narrow opening.

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1A

GRAMMAR
The second conditional is used to express imaginary situations in the present,
that are unlikely to happen in the present or future. Check the following
examples and complete the chart.

IF CONDITION RESULT
If subject + verb __________ + subject + modal + verb ________ +
complement complement

If Maria liked technology, she would have more friends.

If people didn’t use social websites they would have actual
media all the time, conversations.

RESULT IF CONDITION
subject + modal + verb _________ if subject + ______________ +
+ complement complement

Maria would have more friends if she liked technology.

People would have actual if they didn’t use social media
conversations websites all the time.

Complete the conditionals with the correct form of the verb.

1. If Sarah _________ (win) the lottery, she would __________ (travel) around
the world.

2. I would _________ (go) to the party if I _________ ________ (not/have) a

headache.

3. If I _____________ (be) you, I would _________ (use) less technology.

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 1A

STUDY TIPS
1. If I were you... is used when giving advice about what you would do in
the same situation as the other person. Ex: If I were you, I would use less
technology. 2. Could, might, may can be used instead of would in the second
conditional.

PRONUNCIATION FILE

FINAL CONSONANTS
Many English words end in a consonant, make sure that you pronounce them to avoid
confusing your listeners. Ex: cat and can - if you say /cæ/ your listener doesn’t know
what you are talking about.

Repeat the following words:

1. cat cap cab can calf

2. rack rat rap rag run
3. soup soon suit sued Sue’s
4. week weep wheat weed weave
5. robe rode wrote rope roll

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1B
Hanging Around
VOCABULARY
Phrasal verbs - hang

IN
Continue / not
give up
OUT ON
Spend time
To wait
doing nothing
special

UP
Ending a
phone call
Hang AROUND
Spend time in
an area

I Fill in the blanks with the II Choose the correct alternative.

correct phrasal verb.

1. Before the movie started, we 1. I saw him with ________________, he

_______________ in the mall. was really a strange person.
2. My brother is on vacation so he a. startle b. lies c. distrust
_______________ all day long. 2. Tania was concentrated in her book
3. I was on the phone with when a noise _________________ her.
my boyfriend and I had to a. startled b. distrusted c. lied
_____________ quicky because 3. My mother always knows when I am
my mother arrived. telling __________________.
4. Please ____________ for some a. startle b. distrust c. lies
minutes, I will look for him. 4. Something is wrong, Carlitos is acting in
5. You have to make an effort and a _____________________ way.
_____________, the doctor will a. startle b. weird c. lie
come soon!

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 1B
STUDY TIPS
PAST PERFECT
The past perfect is used to show that an activity was completed before another activity
in the past.

Check the following examples:

By the time the man got to the Thomas had learned English
airport, the plane had already before he came to New York.
taken off.

First the plane took off and then First Thomas learned English and
the man arrived. The action that then he came to New York. The
happened first is in PAST PERFECT action that happened first is in
and the action that happen later PAST PERFECT and the action that
is in SIMPLE PAST. happened later is in SIMPLE PAST.

Match the beginnings of the sentences in A with the endings in B.

A a. By the time Jerry retired

a
b. Carlos bought a brand new car
c. Katrin was in panic because
d. When my grandma died b
e. Before Sandy arrived

B 1. he had saved enough money to buy a

c

house.
2. she had lost her wallet and her keys. d
3. with the money he had won.
4. her boyfriend had left the party.
e
5. she had traveled around the world.

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1C
Accept My Facebook
Invitation Please
1 Listen to the track 3 and complete the blanks with the words in the box.

wrinkly / brand-new / best-looking / complimenting / mischievous / widowed / youthful

Julie
Joins
Facebook
Julie was sitting in bed late at night playing remedy this, she downloaded a picture of
with her (1)__________ smartphone. Earlier a beautiful 20-something year old from
that week, she had been visited by her Google, posted it under her name, and
children and grandchildren to celebrate her went to sleep.
70th birthday, and had received the phone The next morning, Julie woke up and
as a gift from her granddaughter Mary. enthusiastically logged into Facebook in
Julie had been (2)_________ for five years hopes that she would have one or two new
now. Since she lived hours away from the friends. She could not believe her eyes. Her
rest of the family, Mary thought the phone inbox was full of friend requests from dozens
would be a good way for them to keep in and dozens of young handsome men
touch and take up some of her time. that were (5)___________ her beauty and
Up until then, Julie had never really been wanted to know all about her. Julie decided
interested in catching up with modern to accept only the (6)_____________ ones
technology, but finally owning her own and began chatting with them day and
smartphone made her feel (3)__________, night, never letting them know that they
and she decided to join Facebook since that were actually talking to a grandma. The next
was what she had noticed all the younger time Julie met up with Mary, she thanked
people were doing. However, when making her so much for the phone and remarked,
her profile page, she was embarrassed to “I haven’t felt so young and pretty in years!”
put up a picture of herself since she thought Mary was confused and asked, “Why?”
she looked much too (4)________________ Julie just gave a (7)___________ smile and
and nobody would want to talk to her. To changed the topic.

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 1C

2 What do brand-new and best-looking have in common?

They are ______________________________________________.

WHAT’S A COMPOUND ADJECTIVE?

A compound adjective is formed when two or more adjectives are joined together
to modify the same noun. These terms should be hyphenated to avoid confusion or
ambiguity. For example:

- A part-time job
- A well-known person
- A 6-year-old girl
- A 7-page document

SPEAKING
1 Discuss with your classmate.
1
1. Do you think using social
media websites has some
risks?
2. Is it dangerous to give
personal information to
strangers in the websites?
3. Can you believe in all the
information you find on these
DO YOU
websites? KNOW WHO'S
4. Look at pictures 1, 2 and 3. WATCHING YOU?
What do you think about YOUR LACK OF PRIVACY ON THE INTERNET...

them?

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1C

NETWORKING
IS NOT
CHILD'S PLAY
2 3

We are linked more than ever, is it good or bad?

USEFUL LANGUAGE
- I think using social media websites is risky/
dangerous/entertaining…
- In my opinion picture 1/2/3 means that...
- I would say that ___________ is great and 12

adults exaggerate when ________________.

8

19

- From my point of view picture 1/2/3 means

that…
- According to picture 1/2/3…

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 1C

1 COLLOCATIONS

KEEP
1. Keep in touch To continue to talk or write to someone.
2. Keep a secret Not to tell anyone a secret you know.
3. Keep a promise/your word To do what you promise or agreed to.
4. Keep calm To be without worry or hurry.
5. Keep quiet Not to say anything or make noise.
6. Keep a diary To regularly record information on a diary.
7. Keep the change An instruction to a taxi driver, waiter, etc. to
keep the change from the amount handed
over as a tip.

Number the
collocation
in the right
picture.

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1C
2 IDIOMS

Wipe the smile off

Break into a smile
(one’s) face

To stop smiling or To start smiling.

appearing pleased.
Ex. Wipe that smile Ex. I’m sure I saw Ms.
off your face, you’re Miller break into a
going to pay for that! smile for a second.

Smiling like a Cheshire cat

Smiling very broadly (alludes to a grinning cat in Alice’s

Adventures in Wonderland).

Ex. He stood, smiling like a Cheshire

cat, waiting for his weekly pay.

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 Review 1D

I VOCABULARY

A Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentences. Write the

correct form of the verb.

1. He ______ at me with anger, I was a little scared.

a. peep b. glare c. glimpse
2. Mary lost her glasses, so she was ________ at everything all day.
a. gaze b. glance c. squint
3. The principal of the school _________ around the classroom
doors to check the children were in classes.
a. peep b. glimpse c. stare
4. People ______ at their cellphones for hours nowadays.
a. stare b. squint c. peep

B Classify the following words into 4 categories.

wrinkly / brand-new / best-looking / complimenting / mischievous /

widowed / youthful / startle / distrust / lies / weirdly

ADVERBS ADJECTIVES VERBS NOUNS

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1D
C Write sentences using collocations with keep.
Lesson 3

1. _____________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________

II GRAMMAR

A Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb, also include
a modal when necessary.

1. If I _____________ (be) you, I _______________________ (get) a new job.

2. If ______________ (not/be) friends, I ________________ (be) angry.
3. If I _____________ (have) enough money, I ____________ (buy) a big house.
4. If I _____________ (speak) perfect English, I ___________ (have) a good job.
5. Larry ___________ (be) able to enter university if he _____ (pass) the exam.
6. We ____________ (come) for dinner if we _____________ (have) time.
7. You ____________ (lose) weight if you ________________ (eat) less.
8. Sarah __________ (be) happier if she ________________ (have) more friends.
9. Her mother ______ (not/be) angry if he _______________ (arrive) home on time.
10. If Tomas_________ (ask) her to marry him, she _________ (accept).

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 1D

B Complete the sentences using past perfect.

1. Kevin __________ (go) home by the time I arrived.

2. We had already eaten when John ___________ (come) home.

3. When I _________ (get) to the airport, I discovered that I had forgotten my

passport.
4. Ethan suddenly realised that he _________ (leave) his laptop on the train.

5. Mom was annoyed because I __________ (not clean) my room.

6. _________ (they/study) English before they went to the USA?

7. We were hungry because ______________ (not eat).

8. My phone didn’t work because I _________ (charge) it.

9. Why didn’t you want to watch the film? _________ (you/see) it before?

10. Sally was embarrassed because she _________ (forget) her dad’s birthday.

11. When we ___________ (arrive) at the station the train had already left.

12. I had known my husband for 3 years when we _________ (get) married.

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1E
Writing Tips
Draft 1
Complete the mind map with some ideas about the things you did in your last vacations.

In my
last
vacation I visited…

I went to
the movies.

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 1E
Draft 2
Write sentences with your phrases on Draft 1.

1. _____________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________

Final Version
Organize your ideas from draft 1 and 2 in three paragraphs (introduction-body-conclusion).
You can follow the model.

Structures that you have to use: simple past and past perfect.

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1E

What had you

done before
your school
classes started?

My vacations were great this year because I could

INTRODUCTION
sleep until noon and surf on internet all day.

Before my school classes started I had visited my

aunt in Trujillo and had eaten delicious food. Also
BODY I had ____________________________________
________________________________________.
In the last days of February I had bought my
school supplies and had covered my notebooks.

Vacations were entertaining and relaxing but

CONCLUSION they are over now and I am ready to start a new
year full of energy and enthusiasm.

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 Unit 2

GOOD THINGS
COME TO PEOPLE
WHO WAIT,
BUT BETTER
THINGS COME
TO THOSE
WHO GO OUT
AND GET THEM.
—UNKNOWN

UNIT 2 - ARE YOU A FUSSY EATER?

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2A
Are You a Fussy Eater?
Vocabulary

1 Use the context in the sentences to help you work out the meaning
of the words in bold.

a. Charles is a fussy eater because he doesn’t eat all types of food.

b. Doctors suggest to chew our food several times before swallowing it.

c. Do you prefer still drinks like orange juice or fizzy drinks like a Coca-Cola?

d. When I drink milk I sip it slowly but when I drink soda I gulp it down.

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 2A

2 Write the word according to the definition.

1. To drink taking only a small amount a time _____________________________

2. When you do not like many foods you are a ____________________________

3. To break food between your teeth as a part of eating _____________________

4. To swallow something in large amounts _______________________________

5. Drink with a lot of bubbles of gas in it __________________________________

6. To take food or liquid down the throat with a muscular action ______________

7. A drink without any bubbles of gas in it ________________________________

COLLOCATIONS

Give a tick in order to build

up the correct collocations.
Follow the example.

water gum juice meat healthy

Drink
Eat
Swallow
Chew

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2A
Are you happy with your lifestyle?
Lesson 1

Grammar
a. Look at the picture. Do you think Pam is happy with her lifestyle?
b. What do you think she may wish for her life? Complete the bubbles
following the prompts below.

4
I wish I ______ a
3 boyfriend.
I wish I were a
5
millionaire.
I _______ I didn’t
_____ every day.

2
I wish I didn’t
work until night.

1 6
I _______ I didn’t
I wish I had a
_____________.
bigger house.

7
I ____________ I
bought_______.

1. I have a small house. 5. I eat fast food every day.

2. I work until night. 6. Sometimes I look after my
3. I’m not a millionaire. baby nephew.
4. I don’t have a boyfriend. 7. I have an old laptop.

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 2A
I wish + simple past
We use I wish when we want something to
happen but it is very unlikely to happen.

To talk about wishes for the present we use past tense.

Subject + wish(es) / if only + 2nd subject + verb in simple past tense.

I wish I were a millionaire.

Pam wishes she had a boyfriend.
If only I had a bigger house.

When we use I wish we use the subjunctive form of the verb and the
subjunctive form of the verb to be is were for all the persons.

I were
I wish
You were
=
He were
If only
I wish She were
It were
We were
They were

• Now read the bubble. What are the two situations that Pam regrets not to have done?

My mom always asked me to

study, but I didn’t study.
I couldn’t get a good job, so I
didn’t save enough money to
buy a bigger house.

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2A

To talk about wishes for the past we use past perfect.

Subject + wish(es) + 2nd subject + had + past participle

Pam wishes/if only she had studied more to get a better job.
She wishes she had saved

I wish + past perfect used when something in the past

is
happened differently and cannot be
changed, almost like a regret.

Subject + wish(es) + 2nd subject + had + past participle

Write a sentence using I wish.
Example: Nathan wants to have a new bike.
He wishes he had a new bike.
Minji swam in an icy lake. Now she has the flu.
Minji wishes she hadn’t swum in the lake.

1. I lied to my best friend. Now he doesn’t want to talk to me.

I wish I ____________________________________________________________
2. Sophie wants to get married.
__________________________________________________________________
3. Susan forgot her lunch bag. Now she is hungry.
__________________________________________________________________
4. Rafael and Adriana ate a lot of sweets. Now they have a stomachache.
__________________________________________________________________
5. Peter and Sam don’t have a car.
__________________________________________________________________
6. Robin wants to speak Chinese.
__________________________________________________________________
7. Henry didn’t do his homework. Now his teacher is angry.
__________________________________________________________________
8. We sold our only house last year. Now we don´t have a house to live.
__________________________________________________________________
9. George didn’t remember his wedding anniversary. Now his wife is angry.
__________________________________________________________________
10. Marjorie wants to win the competition.
__________________________________________________________________

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 Junk Food 2B

Is fast food
always junk
food?
You’ve done your homework, you feel
hungry, and you’ve got just half an hour
before you go out to meet your friends.
There’s no time to cook a meal; what
you need is some fast food.
Most people think that fast food is junk
food. What is junk food? Food that
contains too much of the wrong things
and too little of the right ones. So there
is too much sugar, salt and fat in it.
Typical junk foods are: hamburgers, Another reason is that they do not know
fried chicken, chips, cakes, sweets, ice what they are putting into their bodies,
creams, biscuits and crisps. and what it is doing to them. If they did,
But fast food can also be healthy. What they would not eat so much junk food.
about a banana? An apple? A pear? Don’t forget that you are what you eat.
A piece of cheese? Some yoghurt?(*) A
glass of milk?
You can kill your hunger with a bag of
chips, but it’s much healthier to have
some fruit or a glass of milk. And these
things won’t make you fat.
So why do so many young people
choose junk food? One reason is that
they see many advertisements for junk
food on television. Research shows that
the more TV children watch, the more
they ask for the advertised junk food. As
a result, they eat far too much sugar and
fat and not enough fruit and vegetables. (*) yoghurt or yogurt = both are correct

32
2B

Read the article and choose the correct answer

(a, b, c or d).

1. What’s the main objective of the author to write this article?

a. To explain food is the same as junk food.
b. To inform junk food is always a bad option.
c. To inform fast food may be sometimes healthy.
d. To inform about his lifestyle.

2. When does the author choose to eat fast food?

a. When he has free time and he’s relaxed.
b. When he has a craving for hamburgers and chips.
c. Whenever he wants to eat it.
d. When he is in a rush and there’s no time left to cook.

3. According to the author’s perception which list of food would

include “fast food”?
a. Coffee, chips, salads and hamburgers.
b. Apple, yogurt, cereal and milk.
c. Banana, cheese, crisps and ice cream.
d. Tea, biscuits, sweets, fried chicken.

4. Acording to the reading what are the reasons people prefers to eat
junk food?
a. Because it is easy to get and cheap.
b. Because its excessive appearance on TV and people’s ignorance
about what it contains.
c. Because they are delicious and children love it.
d. Because it is the only option and easy to prepare.

33
 Lesson 2 Listening
2B

Which fruits and vegetables do you like the

most?
Give a tick ( ) to the fruits and vegetables you listen from the dialogue between
Meg and Todd.

carrots orange
kiwi cucumber
broccoli bananas
apples radish
tomatoes blueberries

Now listen again and write the fruits or vegetables Meg and Todd like or don’t
like. Use the prompts in the box.

kiwi - blueberries - carrot - roasted broccoli - cucumber sticks - carrot

sticks - cucumber - bananas

LIKE DON´T LIKE

Meg

Todd

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2B

Vocabulary
Find the definition of the words in bold. Follow the context of the sentence.

1. I love vegetable sticks, so I love carrots

sticks, cucumber sticks and radish sticks.
2. Do you like to dip vegetable sticks into
any dressing?
3. On kebab onions and peppers are
roasted.
4. Do you boil or fry vegetables?
5. I love carrots but I only like raw carrots.

a. To put something into a liquid for a short time. __________________

b. Food not cooked. __________________
c. A long thin piece of vegetable easy to take it

and eat it. __________________

d. Brochette. __________________
e. A liquid mixture that contains oil vinegar and

herbs added to salads. __________________

f. To cook food by putting it in water that is boiling. __________________

g. To cook food in hot oil or fat. __________________

35
 Lesson 2 Grammar
2B

Do your parents make or let you do house

chores?
Look at the picture. What do you see?
Are both of them happy doing those chores? What happened?

The story of
I like to
my life…
do house
chores!

My mom
makes
me do the
dishes... My mom
lets me
do the
dishes.

• What’s the difference in meaning My mom makes me do the dishes.

between these sentences? Pay My mom lets me do the dishes.
attention to the bold verbs.

These two verbs are causative verbs: they express what causes an action to happen.

Causative verb make

Compare these two sentences.

1. He does the dishes. FORM:

Someone makes someone do something.
2. His mom makes him do the dishes.

36
2B
When we make someone do something we force them to do it. They have no
choice. We make people do things they don´t want to do.

Causative verb let

Compare these two sentences.
FORM:
1. She does the dishes.
Someone lets someone do something.
2. Her mom lets her do the dishes.

When we let someone do something we allow/permit someone to do it. There

is permission to do it.

Complete the blanks with make and let and the correct form of the verb given.

1. I ___________ my brother ________ my bedroom. (force) (clean)

2. Marlon’s father _____________ him ___________ the car. (force) (wash)

3. My teacher____________ me ____________ a dictionary in class. (allow) (use)

4. When Paula was 10, her parents __________ her horror movies. (allow) (watch)

5. They ___________ their children ___________ 4 hours a day. (force) (study)

PRONUNCIATION FILE s /s/ vs. sh / /

Look at some minimal pairs. Repeat.
see, she
suit, shoot
sock, shock
sign, shine

Now, listen to the words and decide if the word has the sound /S/ or / /.
mesh sore shoe show soup sip should
fist she gash socks delicious gusts suffer

37
 Happy or Not-So- 2C

Happy Meals?
Listening
Look at the picture. What do you think is the message?

HAPPY S.A.D.
(Standard American Diet)
MEAL MEAL
1 Listen to Track 2 and complete the blanks.

a. John is a ______________ lawyer.

b. Balancing two things often proves to be very _____________.
c. I know ________________ isn’t the healthiest thing I could give my daughters.
Plus, it makes them ___________.
d. McDonalds targets their famous ________________ to children.
e. It’s resulting in millions of people suffering from _________ and ___________.
f. Instead of teaching children that it is okay to give into the temptation of a quick
__________ meal.
g. Parents should get their children into the habit of _____________ eating.
h. Children will be more ________ for living long than for getting a __________ toy.

38
2C

2 Listen again and complete the sentences with the correct picture.

a. Whole day revolves around two things:

work and his _______________.

b. John spends most of his day in a

________________.

c. Waiting for some ____________.

d. So many parents in the ___________.

e. Children demand to go inside to get a

new ____________.

39
 2C
Speaking time
Survey your friends. Complete the chart and tell the class, in your opinion, who of
them has a good lifestyle.

Five days a Three days Twice a

Every day Never
week a week week
Drink 8 glasses of
water
Eat junk food

Drink soda

Eat a serve of fruit

Do exercise

Sleep 8 hours

Do you drink 8
glasses of water
every day?

Yes, I do.
I drink it every day.

In my opinion, my friend(s) _________________________ has/have a good

lifestyle because ________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

40
2C

Vocabulary
1 Write the synonym of the following adjectives.

a. healthy _____________

b. difficult _____________

c. rush _____________
d. busy _____________
e. obese _____________

2 Find the antonyms of the following adjectives in the box.

delay - calm - simple - sick - empty

a. punctual _____________
b. complex _____________
c. noisy _____________
d. healthy _____________
e. crowded _____________

41
 2C
Idioms
What’s the meaning of the idioms? Choose the correct option.

Live in clover
Paul dreams of making a large amount of money to live in clover
for the rest of his life.

To live a very To live a hard and

comfortable life. uncomfortable life.

Be full of beans
The kids are always full of beans after they eat chocolates.

To be without To have a lot

energy. of energy.

42
2D
Review
1 Complete the sentences of wishes writing the correct form of the verb.

a. Pam didn’t get a good grade. She wishes she (work)

__________________________ harder.

b. Tom likes football very much. He wishes he (become)

____________________ a professional football player.

c. He was running very fast when he had a heart attack. If only

____________________ (not/run) so fast.

d. She’s keen on computers. She wishes she (study) __________________

computer science next school year.

e. I am sorry, I don’t know how to use the computer. If only I (know)

_______________ how to use it.

f. I stayed late at work and missed the last bus. I wish I (stay)
_______________________ at work late.

g. She was absent. I wish she _______________________ the conference.

h. What a beautiful house! I wish I ______________________________ a

house like this one.

i. I wish I _________________________ rich. I would buy a farm and

enjoy the calm of the countryside.

j. They had that bad accident because they were careless. If only they
___________________ more careful.

43
 2D
2 Choose the correct option.

a. My dad never ___________ me drive his car.

a) make b) let c) lets d) mades

b. My teacher ___________ me stay late after school yesterday. I didn’t

want to.
a) makes b) let c) lets d) made

c. Has your sister ever _____________ you do her homework?

a) make b) made c) let d) lets

d. We __________ our daughter stay up late on the weekend.

a) lets b) let c) makes d) made

e. My parents _________ me wash the dishes every day. It’s too much
work for me and I don’t like it.
a) makes b) let c) make d) lets

f. He always _______ the kids mess up the house, but never helps me
clean up afterwards. Is that fair?
a) let b) make c) made d) lets

g. Our biology teacher is so mean - he _________ us write a test at the

beginning of every class we have with her.
a) made b) makes c) let d) lets

h. The museum guide ___________ everyone the building after the fire
alarm went off.
a) made b) make c) makes d) lets

i. I don’t _______ my children watch violent programmes on television.

They are not good for them.
a) makes b) mades c) lets d) let

j. Tom was careful not to ________ her dog sit on the sofa.
a) let b) lets c) made d) makes

44
2E
Writing Tips
Draft 1
Complete the mind maps with some actions you are/aren’t or were/weren’t forced (make) to
do and allowed (let) to do.

MAKE LET

…clean my
…go to parties.
bedroom.

Draft 2
Write sentences with your phrases on Draft 1.

Things I’m forced to do:

1. _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

45
 2E

Things I have permission to do:

5. _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

Final Version
Organize your ideas from Draft
1 and 2 in three paragraphs
(introduction-body- conclusion).
You can follow the model.

Structures that you have to use: causative verbs: make and let

46
2E

Chores I’m
forced to do vs
allowances
Being a teenager sometimes means to do house
INTRODUCTION
chores that I don’t like to do, but I have to do them
because if I don’t do them I won’t have permissions
to make my life funnier.

Firstly, I will mention the chores I am forced to do

at home. My mom always makes me make my
BODY bed before I take a shower and she makes me
buy some bread. In the afternoon my dad makes
me do my homework and help my sister on hers.
Really, I think I don’t get along well with chores but
I know I have to do them in order to have some
allowances.
On the other hand, if I am a good boy my parents
will let me go out with my friends, go to the movies
and play video games. In addition, every time I
get a good score my dad let me stay up late so I
can watch horror movies.

In conclusion, I think life must be simpler than

CONCLUSION the one I have but I realize equilibrium between
my chores and allowances is the key to my real
happiness.

47
 Unit 3

THERE ARE TWO

KINDS OF PEOPLE
IN THIS WORLD:
THOSE WHO WANT
TO GET THINGS DONE
AND THOSE WHO
DON’TWANT
TO MAKE
MISTAKES.
—JOHN MAXWELL

UNIT 3 - REGRETS
48
3A
Big Regret
LISTENING

Listen to track 6 and choose the correct alternative.

1. What is Arienne’s big regret?

a. Not studying in America.
b. Not going to Japan.
c. Nothing.

2. What is Jeff’s big regret? 3. What’s Sabriya’s biggest regret?

a. Not playing sports. a. Not going to university.
b. Not learning music. b. Selecting the wrong major.
c. Not going to university. c. Not accepting a scholarship.

49
 3A

4. What’s Fred’s regret?

a. Not going to Spain.
b. Not staying in Spain.
c. Not studying in Spain.

5. What’s Kevin’s big regret? 6. What does Rebecca regret?

a. Going to Canada. a. Not traveling more.
b. Leaving Canada early. b. Not studying more.
c. Not studying very hard. c. Working too much.

50
3A
Reading
1 Read the following text.

MISTAKES WE
ALL MADE AS
A TEENAGER

Being a teenager is not so bad, it

gives you the chance to learn about
who you are. It’s a chance to mess up
and embarrass yourself without being
judged as an adult. So you can’t really
blame yourself for what you got up and
there are definitely things you did, you
wish you could erase. Here, there is a
list of some mistakes that as teenagers
we made. Apologies in advance for
any cringeworthy flashbacks.

1) Wearing too much makeup if you parents are weird and old. You realize
were a girl. Messy eyeliner, wonky much later that they’re pretty wise
lipstick, bright blue eyeshadow. Why about a lot of things - on matters of the
didn’t anyone tell us we looked so bad? heart, and matters of your future, etc.
And don’t forget what they always say:
2) Caring too much about your popularity. you’ve got to find your own path.
Is it worth once you left school? It didn’t
get you into university… it didn’t get you 4) Thinking getting a spot was the end
a job. So, popularity took up most of of world. OMG. How could your skin
your time and energy for nothing. betray you on school picture day? Life
is so unfair. Then, when you grow up
3) Not listening enough to our parents. and gain perspective, getting a zit isn’t
It’s common to think for a teenager that so bad.

51
 3A

5) Wanting to be grown-up as soon We all remember our teen years, even

as possible. You couldn’t wait. All the though there were times when we
pubs and discos you could go to; the would really rather not. Now that you
independence; the freedom. But when are a teenager you have the chance of
you’re an adult you realize that it’s not making those mistakes and avoid
just one crushing responsibility after regrets in the future.
another.

2 Answer the following questions.

1. What are the advantages of being a teenager?

___________________________________________

2. Is popularity important? Why?

___________________________________________

3. Do teenagers listen to their parent’s advice?

___________________________________________

4. Why teenagers want to be grown-ups?

___________________________________________

52
3A
Vocabulary
1 Label the pictures with the words in the box.

grown-up
eyeliner
zit
path
eyeshadow

1. 2.

3. 4. 5.

2 Match the words (a-i) with its definition (1-9).

a. wonky 1. To be important enough to receive a particular action.

b. embarrass 2. Not straight or in the level.
c. weird 3. To cause someone feel ashamed.
d. unfair 4. Causing feelings of embarrassment.
e. realize 5. To become aware.
f. crushing 6. Serious or unpleasant.
g. worth 7. Not treating people in an equal way.
h. cringeworthy 8. A sudden clear memory.
i. flashbacks 9. Strange, unusual.

53
 3A
Grammar
Third conditional

CONDITION
Similar to the second
If I had studied,
conditional, it has two
parts or clauses.
RESULT
I would have
passed the exam.

If the condition is first, you need a comma

after it, but if you start with the result, you
don’t need the comma.

RESULT CONDITION
I would have if I had studied.
passed the exam

EXPLANATION Using of the third conditional:

The third conditional is used to talk
I failed the exam because I didn’t study for it.
about things which did not happen
in the past (imaginary situations in
FORMULA the past).
If + subject + past perfect, subject + It is often used to express criticism
modal + have + v. past partciple or regret.

54
3A
More Examples

If you had driven more carefully, you wouldn’t have had the accident.
If we had played a little better, we would have won the championship.
If she had saved her money, she might have bought a new laptop.
We couldn’t have played soccer if it had rained.

STUDY TIPS
1. The third conditional forms can be contracted. Ex: If I’d studied harder,
I probably would’ve passed the exam. (had=’d / have = ‘ve)
2. In the result clause you can use different modals: would, might, could,
should, etc.

Now it’s time to practice!

Read the following situations and complete the following conditionals.

1. He crashed his car, because he fell asleep while driving.

If he ______________ asleep while driving, he ______________ his car.

2. We couldn’t go to the concert, because we didn’t have enough money.

If we ______________ enough money, we ____________ to the concert.

3. I lost my job because I was late for work.

I _______________ my job if I _______________ late for work.

4. The wind was so strong that the bridge collapsed.

If the wind ____________ so strong, the bridge ________________.

5. I couldn’t call Sally because I had lost her number.

I _______________Sally if I ______________ her number.

55
 3A

PRONUNCIATION FILE SILENT E

If an e appears at the end of a word, it is silent. The preceding

vowel (separated from the e by one or more consonants) will
be pronounced as a long vowel.
This words are represented:
consonant + vowel + consonant + e
Ex.:
hate note flute ape cute
care bite nice mate cone

56
3B
What Should You Have
Done?
GRAMMAR
Look at the picture. Henry has just broken up with Pam and he had a lot of
expectations of her.

She should have

Pam should have been remembered our
loyal. I loved her! anniversary.

She should have

loved me as I
She should have been loved her.
my endless love...

To express expectations about something that you thought it was supposed

to happen, we are going to use the past modal should have.

form: should have + past participle verb

57
 3B

Now read the opinions some friends have said about Pam. What do
these opinions express?

Pam shouldn’t have

forgotten their anniversary.

She should have been

loyal.

She should have

________________________.

To express criticism about something that has happened in the way you haven’t
expected, we are going to use the past modal should have.

form: should have + past participle verb

58
3B

Complete with the past modal should have + PP verb.

1. I __________________ (not shout) at you. I apologise.

2. We ________________ (leave) the office so late. We
should have anticipated this bad traffic.
3. They _______________ (not take out). He was the
most creative person on their team.
4. He ________________ (arrive) at his office by now.
Let’s try ringing him.
5. Pam _______________ (study) harder for her quiz.

Vocabulary
A romance?
1 The following sentences tell the unhappy love story of a young couple.
Match the sentence (1-6) with an ending (a-f).

1. Sadly, Pam and Henry fell a. over Pam for a long time. It’s hard for him.

2. We’re good friends. We get b. out with each other because she cheated on him.

3. Everybody knows that he’s split c. for her immediately. It was love at first sight.

4. When he saw her the first time, he fell d. out with each other after a row. It’s all over,

5. Henry and Pam stopped going e. on well with each other.

6. He still loves her. He won’t get f. up with his girlfriend, so I called him.

1 2 3 4 5 6

59
 3B

2 Write the phrasal verbs from exercise 1 next to its meaning.

1. To start to forget someone and feel happy again after a

relationship has ended. ____________________________________
2. To fall in love with someone. _________________________________
3. To have a romantic relationship with someone. _________________
4. To have a good relationship with someone. ____________________
5. To stop being friendly with someone because you have
had an argument or disagreement with them. __________________
6. To end a romantic relationship with someone. __________________

60
3C
What Happened to Her?
GRAMMAR What must/could/may/might happened to her?
Look at the picture. Paul’s been waiting to his girlfriend, Diana, for long
time.
What do you think may have happened to her?

I think she must have been stuck in

a traffic jam.

She could have forgotten about the

date.

She may have had an accident.

In order to make assumptions about what may have happened in the past,
we use

past modals: must have - could have - may/might have

Let’s analize these three assumptions about what may have happened to
Diana and let’s find the differences.

When we make an assumption using must have it indicates that we believe

that there are a lot of probabilities our assumption is true (almost sure).

I think she must have been stuck in a traffic jam.

61
 3C
When we make an assumption When we make an assumption
using could have it indicates that using may/might have it indicates
there is kind of certainty in what that there isn´t too much certainty
you say. in what you say but you aren’t
sure.

She could have forgotten about She may/might have forgotten

the date. about the date.

LISTENING Have you got any regret?

Listen to the audio and complete the idea of the sentence matching it with the right
picture.

1. And he spent the first week

happily sunbathing and...

2. He decided to explore the...

3. He set off the mountain with a…

4. He remembers to change out of

his…

5. Going down is even harder than

H2O
going up and he…

62
3C

Listen again and complete the sentences with the correct past modal.

1. He made some silly mistakes earlier this year that

______________________ serious consequences.
2. Things _________________________ a lot worse.
3. If he’s worn proper shoes he _________________________.
4. Have you ever made any silly mistakes that you regretted in
the past and things _________________________ different?

Vocabulary
Match the pictures with the correct kind of shoes.

1. DECK SHOES: Flat casual shoes made of canvas or leather.

2. CLEATS: The underside of these shoes is equipped with a projecting piece of
hard rubber or metal. This feature is added to the shoes for providing
better grip to the shoes.
3. FLIP-FLOPS: These are very comfortable types of footwear which are often
characterized by two thin straps joined in V-shape in their upper
sections. They are categorized under casual sandals.
4. HIGH HEELS: Women’s shoes in which the heels are raised high off the ground.
5. LOAFER: A type of leather shoe without a fastening, that a person’s foot slides
into.

63
 3C
SPEAKING

Have you ever made any silly mistake

that you regretted?

1 With your partner discuss this question. Tell us your experience.

USEFUL LANGUAGE
I remember that when I was 10 years…
Some years ago…
It’s embarrasing to say, but…

2 According to the picture make up some speculations or criticisms using

modals in past. What could have happened?

64
3C
Idioms
1. Set in stone 2. Set in somebody’s ways

To be very difficult or To be very difficult or

impossible to change. impossible to change.

Ex. You have to respect the Ex. My grandma is very set

schedule it is set in stone. in her ways, she always
has lunch at 2:30 p.m.

3. Set foot somewhere 4. Set great store by

something
To go to a place.
To think that something is
Ex. Stacey is traveling to very important.
Barcelona next week and
she is going to set foot in Ex. My parents set great
The Camp Nou. store in traditional values.

TRADITIONAL
VALUES
Respect, Trust, Equality,
Honesty, Kindness,
Commitment, Compassion,
Acceptance, Courage,
Fairness, Generosity,
Forgiveness, Sharing

65
 Inspirational Story 3D

Who Is Kechi
Okwuchi? The
‘America’s Got
Talent’ Contestant Is
A Singer & Survivor
By Samantha Atzeni Courtesy of America's Got Talent

America’s Got Talent is always a show in a children’s choir back in Nigeria

of hits and misses. However, when and this love of singing helped her
Kechi Okwuchi took the America’s work through her experiences as a
Got Talent stage, she did so with a survivor of the Sosoliso Airlines Flight
story that was both powerful and 1145 plane crash that took the lives of
inspirational - and totally won 107 passengers.
everyone over with her talent. When
she was 16, Okwuchi was one of two As she detailed in her story on the
survivors in a deadly plane crash and show, on December 10th, 2005,
sustained massive burns, but she’s she was returning from a Christmas
persevered to continue her love of holiday vacation with other students
singing. from her boarding school. Then,
Okwuchi received a “yes” from each with 20 minutes to landing, she
of the judges, but that was to be experienced one of the most horrific
expected from such a strong talent. moments of her life.
The real story lies in her journey,
where singing always had a strong
presence. Okwuchi began singing

66
3D

Okwuchi was found mixed with her social media pages to deliver
the debris with burns covering her positive messages to her followers.
entire body. After more than 100 Okwuchi’s optimism that her singing
surgeries, Okwuchi survived, but has led her to a greater purpose had
she still struggles with the traumatic an impact on both the judges and the
experience. She credits music as her audience. Her kindness also stands
escape to help her cope with losing her out as her Twitter page was filled with
friends and with her painful surgeries. positive comments and cheers for her
“I hope that maybe something is fellow contestants.
going to come out of this,” Okwuchi Kechi Okwuchi is a young woman who
said before she performed. managed to find hope and solace
within her traumatic event. As she
Her song choice, “Thinking Out Loud” performed on America’s Got Talent,
by Ed Sheeran, got the judges’ she showed audiences that power
attention and it also spoke to the of finding one’s voice, especially as
audience, as the camera panned to a tool to heal. Regardless of whether
the emotional faces of the audience. she wins the competition, Okwuchi’s
The song was a beautiful tribute to story deserves a bigger stage. She
the friends and the childhood that has a message and the world is
she lost, but her voice remained waiting to hear it.
strong and powerful.
When Okwuchi finished,
she received a standing
ovation.
According to Naij.com, the
now 26-year-old Okwuchi
graduated with honors
from the University of St.
Thomas with a degree
in Economics. Since then
she is working toward her
Master’s degree and uses

67
 3D

DID YOU
KNOW
THAT...?

Burns are classified according to the 10 minutes. This will help reduce
severity of the injury to the skin and swelling. The most serious burns are
underlying tissues. The three burn third-degree burns. Not only are all
categories are first-degree, second- the layers of skin burnt, but muscle,
degree, and third-degree burns, with fat, bone, and other tissues are
first-degree burns being the most temporarily or permanently affected.
minor. If the first and second layers A third-degree burn requires medical
of skin have been burned, you have attention. Another serious burn that
a second-degree burn. Second- may need treatment is an electrical
degree burns can sometimes be burn, like from a power cable. These
considered minor. For both first - and types of burns may cause internal
second-degree burns, apply cool damage, even if the burn does not
running water to the area for at least leave a mark on the skin.

68
3E
Review
I Grammar

A According to each situation, choose

the correct answer.

1. She could have had an accident if you hadn’t warned her.

a. She had an accident
b. You warned her.

2. If you had studied more, you would have passed the test.
a. You didn’t pass the test.
b. You studied more.

3. You would have played better if you had practiced everyday.

a. You didn’t play better.
b. It was not necessary to practice.

4. If you hadn’t told her, she wouldn’t have known.

a. You didn’t tell her.
b. She didn’t know about it.

5. You would have been on time if you hadn’t stopped at the supermarket.
a. You didn’t stop at the supermarket.
b. You were late.

6. She couldn’t have finished in time if you hadn’t helped her.

a. She finished in time.
b. You didn’t help her.

7. She would have liked the movie if she had come to see it.
a. She didn’t like the movie.
b. She didn’t see the movie.

8. If it hadn’t rained, the game wouldn’t have been cancelled.

a. The game was cancelled.
b. It didn’t rain.

69
 3E

B Complete each sentence with must have or might have and the
corrresponding verb.

Thomas: Sue? How are you? Where have you been hiding?
Sue: I haven’t been hiding. I met a great guy at work.
Thomas: You know, I tried calling you all last week. You (1)____________ (be)
out every evening.
Sue: That’s right!
Thomas: Well, tell me everything about him. What’s he like?
Sue: He’s very cute and intelligent and he’s got great taste in music…
There’s really only one little thing.
Thomas: Oh!
Sue: He told me he’d been married, but whenever I ask about his wife, he
changes the subject.
Thomas: He (2)_____________ (have) a messy divorce.
Sue: That’s possible. Or his wife (3)___________________ (die) in some
terrible accident. I’m pretty sure something awful (4) ___________ (happen).
Thomas: Give the guy the benefit of doubt. Maybe when he’s with you he
just doesn’t want to talk about another woman. What’s his name, anyway?
Sue: Adam Lovatto.

C Complete the following sentences.

1. I told a joke and nobody laughed.

They _______________(may/not/understand) it.

2. I sent my aunt a present and she still hasn’t thanked me.

She ____________(might/be) too busy to call or write.

3. Carmen is wearing a beautiful golden ring today.

It ____________(must/cost) a fortune.

4. Charly got a ticket for speeding.

He ___________(must/be) driving fast.

5. Sarah has been waiting outside her house for several hours.
She _____________(may/forget) her keys.

70
3E
II Vocabulary

A Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

deck shoes / loafers / high heels / flip-flops / cleats

1. Paolo Guerrero wears an expensive pair of

______________.
2. My sister has a wedding and she needs to
buy black __________ to match with her
dress.
3. Tomorrow I’ll go to the beach and I need to
buy a pair of ______________.
4. My little brother doesn´t know how to tie
his laces, so my mom bought him a pair of
___________.
5. My dad loves comfortable shoes, he
always has a casual style, for his birthday
I’ll buy him a pair of _______________.

B Complete the sentences with the vocabulary about romance, you

can change the verb tenses if necessary.

fall out with / get over / split up with / get on / go out with / fall for

1. If he doesn’t stop annoying, all his friends

are going to _____________ him.
2. She is one of my best friends, we
________________________ well together.
3. My parents ______________ one year ago,
but they stayed friends.
4. Tony is good-looking and smooth, all the
women ______________ him.
5. Salma is ______________ my cousin,
they look great together, maybe they’ll get
married soon.
6. It took me a year to ___________ Meg after
we broke up.

71
 3F

BIG
PROJECT
I wish I lived in a better world.

Make a poster and express all your current wishes for a better world and
present it to the class. Use all your creativity.

I wish there
were more
schools

72
3F

I wish people took care

of our environment.

73
 Unit 4

IF PEOPLE ONLY
KNEW HOW HARD
I’VE WORKED TO
GAIN MY MASTERY, IT
WOULDN’T SEEM SO
WONDERFUL AT ALL.
—MICHELANGELO

UNIT 4 - YES, YOU CAN!

74
4A
What Can You Do?
READING AND LISTENING

LISTENING
Listen to track 1 and mark ( X ) in the correct box.

ABILITY RORY ABIDEMI

1. Can cook
2. Can sing
3. Can play an instrument
4. Can juggle
5. Can speak different languages

READING COMPREHENSION
DISABILITY - PART I (by Chris Wilson)

Nowadays in the “west”, the able bodied like “physically challenged” instead of
are constantly reminded that disabled crippled or spastic. We avoid using the
people have rights just like everyone else word “dumb” to mean stupid - and
and they mustn’t discriminate against this is not just us trying to be “politically
them in any way. Public buildings need correct”. Things like the Paralympics
to have ramps and toilets big enough for have done wonders to raise people’s
wheelchairs. Bus drivers are supposed awareness with so many positive
to announce every stop so that blind images and perceptions of disabled
people know when to get off. One is people genuinely have changed. Not
not allowed to refuse a person a job on that Western society doesn’t still have
the grounds that he or she has only one a long way to go, but disabled people
leg, or cannot speak. We use phrases are far less marginalised, far more

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 4A

integrated than in the past when they hand, or even no hands at all. Very
were confined to institutions, out of sight recently a chip was inserted into the
and out of mind. brain of a person paralysed from the
neck down enabling him to move a
Disabled people’s own self-esteem has cursor on a screen simply by looking at
risen enormously in recent years and it. This means he can now do all sorts
they have become far more assertive and of things—switch the television and the
insistent on their rights, and their ability lights on and off, type, surf the internet,
to compete with everyone else. Even the even send e-mails. Who knows what
words “disabled” and “handicapped” are he’ll be able to do next? Drive a car?
challenged. Is a blind person disabled
when he or she can function just as Also many things that previously were
well as everyone else? New technology not considered disabilities now are
of course is making a huge difference. recognised for what they are—serious
Instead of clumsy wooden legs, for handicaps, and arrangements have
example, new materials and designs in been made for the people who suffer
prosthetic limbs enable people to walk from them. Dyslexia is a good example.
and run as fast as everyone else. High Not so long ago dyslexic people were
tech hearing aids exist for the deaf, as considered at school to be slow, or
well as laser surgery for the very short stupid, and that was that. Nowadays it is
sighted. Cars are adapted so that seen as a serious condition and teachers
people can drive them with only one have to be aware of it.

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4A

1 Complete the following sentences.

1. What facilities do public buildings need to have for disabled people?

2. What do bus drivers are supposed to do?
3. What happened with disabled people self-esteem in recent years?
4. Is dislexia a disability or a serious handicap?

2 Draw a mind map with the information in the reading.

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 4A
Vocabulary
Look up in a dictionary the following words and prepare a vocabulary study
sheet for each one.

1. blind 5. short sighted 9. deaf

2. handicap 6. clumsy 10. get off
3. crippled 7. limbs 11. aware
4. prosthetic 8. aid 12. enable

Vocabulary Study
Definition

Word

Sentence

Noun
Illustration Verb
Adjective
Adverb

Synonym

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4A
GRAMMAR

CAN - COULD - BE ABLE TO

Can is used to say that somebody has FORMULA

the ability to do something. Also to say
that something is possible. Subject + can + verb base form +
complement
You can see it tomorrow.
Can you cook spaguetti?
Sara can speak 3 languages.

The negative is cannot (= can’t).

I’m so sorry, I can’t accept the

invitation.

Be able to is used instead of can, but

can is more usual.

I can run 10 km. = I am able to run 10

km.
Sebastian can dance Marinera. =
Sebastian is able to dance Marinera.

Can has only two forms: can (present)

and could (past), so you need to use
be able to for the other tenses.

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Complete the blanks with can or be able to.

1. Jerry ________ see the ocean from his bedroom.

2. ____________ the kids open the door?
3. _________ the man ________ speak in public?
4. The girls ____________ to dance in the show.
5. Katherine __________ to dance all night long.
6. ________ the doctors _______ to bring the medicine?
7. ________ you finish all the homework?

PRONUNCIATION TIPS
The letter a can be pronounced in several ways. Try saying these
English words:

APPLE - ALL - FATHER

The letter a in these three words represents three distinct simple vowel
sounds.
If you want to say a word that has two vowel sounds, the vowels can no
longer be simple vowels, they become a diphthong. Letter a becomes
part of a diphthong and takes on a new sound. For example:

MAY - MATE - WAIT

Or it sounds as a different diphthong such as in hair-wear and another

one again in words such as ear.

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4B
What Can’t You do?
Vocabulary
Match the two columns.

1. Surgical removal of part of a limb, hand, or foot. a. bionic

2. An arm or leg (or major branch of a tree). b. visual
3. An assistive device (artificial limb) that replaces c. injury
a lost body part.
4. Ability to move. d. innovate
5. Sight; the ability to see. e. rehabilitation
6. Inability to see. f. employment
7. Damage to some part of the body, often g. prosthesis
accidental.
8. Inability to move one or more limbs. h. paralysis
9. Assistance in regaining normal functioning after i. vision
injury.
10. Having a job. j. blindness
11. Adjective meaning related to the sense of sight. k. limb
12. Adjective describing artificial body parts, usually l. amputation
with electronic components.
13. To think of new ways to solve a problem. m. mobility

1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

9 10 11 12

13

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2 Classify these words by the

ways they can be used (put
them into the three groups
below the list).

accident / amputate / amputation / bionic / blind / blindness /disabled

/ disability / employ / employed / employment / injure / injured / injury
/ innovate / paralysis / paralyzed / prosthesis /prosthetic / rehabilitate /
rehabilitation / visual / mobility / vision / limb

NOUNS ADJECTIVES VERBS

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4B
Grammar

COULD and WAS ABLE TO

Could is used to express that Could is used specially with see,

somebody had an ability or hear, smell, taste, feel, remember
permission to do something. and understand.

My younger sister could read when I could understand what the teacher
she was 4 years. said.
In my grandma’s house we could do When we went into my aunt house,
what we wanted. we could taste her delicious food.

Comparing could and was/were Remember that be able to is possible

able to: in all tenses:

We use could for general abilities in He is able to run in a marathon.

the past, but if we are talking about (PRESENT)
what happened in a particular He was able to run in a marathon.
situation in the past that you (PAST)
manage to control, we use was/ He will be able to run in a marathon.
were able to. (FUTURE)
He has been able to run in a
The fire started, finally all the family marathon. (PRESENT PERFECT)
was able to escape. He had been able to run in a
My mom didn’t want to go to the marathon. (PAST PERFECT)
party but we were able to persuade
her.

Recommended video:
www.ted.com/talks/amy_purdy_living_beyond_
limits

83
 Money and Charity 4C

LISTENING:

I Put the words in the blanks.

homeless disabled $
registered elderly
difficult reluctant
happy better

Paul: Hi, this is Paul from England wonder. There are so many charities in
speaking with Katia from Mexico. First the world, and you wonder really how
question is: do you give money to charity? much money do the people actually get,
so it’s difficult to really know.
Katia: Well, Paul, it’s a (1)___________
question because you really want to Paul: How about if you’re walking
help people, but I always question down the street and you see a
myself if the money really gets to where (3)________________ person asking
it’s supposed to go, so personally I rarely for money?
do give money to charities. I’d rather
give my time, so I know if it’s actually Katia: Homeless people! That’s also
something happening. What about you? difficult because you can’t see they
need money or food. Sometimes I
Paul: Yeah, I guess that makes sense. If feel that if you give money, you are
it’s a (2)___________ charity then I don’t supporting their way of life so I would
see there’s a problem really with giving rather give some food so they can eat,
a donation. but maybe if it’s a (4)___________
person, I am more willing to give,
Katia: Yeah, I guess so, but really I rather than just the homeless.

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4C

Paul: For sure. Do you give money if

you see children on the street?

Katia: Well, it depends, because that’s

also giving money to children so they
can continue asking for money, so I
avoid it. I also avoid it. What about
you?
Paul: Yeah, I’d agree with you. It’s
difficult to know what they’re gonna Paul: I’m a little bit (7)_____________
use the money for, so usually I never to give money. I heard in a lot of poor
give money to men but if it’s like an countries that it can actually even be
(5)__________________ woman, I’m a business, like parents will send their
(6)________________ to give a small children onto the street.
donation.

Katia: Why not men and only women?

Paul: Well, going back to what you

said about supporting their way of
life, I mean, not in every case, but I
think that often it can just be man’s
choice to be homeless on the street
and he does have a chance to get a
job I think.
Katia: Unfortunately, that’s true.
Katia: So you think the woman really
doesn’t have a choice, and the man... Paul: OK, so maybe you like what you
said before: it’s (8)_______________
Paul: I think it’s more difficult for a to donate your time than to donate
woman. money.

Katia: Possibly. Possibly. That’s a Katia: Possibly. And hopefully things

difficult question. will change.

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 4C
II Answer the following questions about the interview.

1. Who prefers to donate time?

a) Paul b) Katia c) Both

2. What does Paul think?

a) Men have more options. b) Men work harder than women.
c) He wants to help everyone.

3. Who does Katia mention helping?

a) Disabled people b) Elderly women c) Anyone

4. How do they feel about giving to children?

a) They try not to b) They give extra c) They never do it

III Match.

1. Question myself It’s logical

2. That makes sense Handicapped
3. Disabled Helping
4. Supporting Slow to make a decision
5. Reluctant Wonder

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4C
Speaking
What do you think about?

1. Do you give money to people on the streets? Explain your answer.

2. How do you feel about giving money to children?
3. “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish
and you feed him for a lifetime.” What is the meaning of this phrase?
4. Do you give money to any charity program? Which one?

USEFUL LANGUAGE
- I think that helping children
on the streets is a good/bad
idea because they…
- In my opinion…
- I would say that…
- I feel happy/worried when
I help…

87
 Inspirational Story 4D

Reading
1 Read the following story about Shanti Raghavan.

THIS WOMAN HAS

HELPED MORE THAN
4,500 DISABLED
PEOPLE GET JOBS

DECEMBER 22, 2016—BANGALORE,

INDIA
When 15-year-old Hari Raghavan
was diagnosed as having retinitis
pigmentosa and started losing his
vision, his elder sister Shanti Raghavan
was working as an information surprising approach: they made him
technology professional in the United participate in adventure sports.
States.
“We focused on what he could still
“We called him over to the U.S.” she do, rather than focusing on what
recalls. “Though his eyesight had he couldn’t. We made him go
deteriorated a little, my husband and swimming, rock climbing, kayaking,
I took him to see cool touristy places hot-air ballooning, and snorkeling in
like Niagara Falls.” She had him look the ocean. We ensured that he had
at colors in contrasting arrangements a lot of fun!” Raghavan says. At the
so he could see with the little vision end of the visit, he told his sister that
he had. he felt he could walk on water and do
anything he set his mind to.
After his eyesight had further
deteriorated, Ms. Raghavan called And that he did. Mr. Raghavan
her brother over to the U.S. again. This completed his bachelor’s degree in
time, Raghavan and her husband, commerce and went on to get an MBA
Dipesh Sutariya, took a perhaps in marketing from Narsee Monjee

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4D

College, one of the top 10 colleges In 1999, Ms. Raghavan and Sutariya
in India. His sister and Mr. Sutariya founded Enable India in Bangalore,
assisted him significantly during this offering employability training to
period. They found out about screen disabled people and working closely
readers, with which he could study. with companies to obtain jobs for these
They helped him learn how to go individuals. From a modest start, the
places on his own by using a white organization has positively affected the
cane and taught him how to cook lives of more than 130,000 people with
and access the internet, thus allowing various disabilities—with 4,500-plus
him to do whatever he wanted and being placed in 600 companies.
needed to.
“Shanti Raghavan is an exceptional
But even though Raghavan was first individual,” says Javed Abidi, a well-
in his MBA class and sat through 70 known disability rights activist in India,
job interviews, he wasn’t offered a in an email. “Motivated by her brother’s
position. In India, disability is often struggles, she got associated with the
considered a curse, and finding disability sector and today, she is an
employment can be especially enabler and a leader in the disability
challenging. space in her own right,” adds Mr.
Abidi, who is chairperson of Disabled
Finally, however, Raghavan got a job People’s International.
with Tata Finance. Still, his sister and
her husband hardly thought they
were done.

“On this journey of enabling him, we

felt that we needed to do something
with the knowledge we had. We were
not thinking of anything big at that
time, but we felt we could assist those
who needed help,” she says.

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 4D
Vocabulary
EXTREME SPORTS
1. mountain biking 6. rock climbing

2. bungee jumping 7. paragliding

3. sky diving 8. rafting

4. paintballing 9. scuba diving

5. skateboarding 10. car racing

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4E
Review
I Vocabulary
A Choose the correct alternative.

1. It was very difficult for her. She was ____________ about her decision.
a. agree b. reluctant c. handicapped

2. I ___________ why Maria didn’t go to the party, she is a partygoer girl.

a. disabled b. reluctant c. wonder

3. With your donations you are ________ this group of abandonned kids.
a. reluctant b. wonder c. supporting

4. That ___________ man is always on that corner asking for some food
and money. Poor thing! Fortunately, people support him a lot.
a. reluctant b. wonder c. disabled

5. I ______ with his answer, I prefer to teach how to fish than to give a fish.
a. wonder b. agree c. disabled

6. His ___________ was not an excuse for being a successful singer. Ray
Charles was a great musician.
a. blindness b. supporting c. injury

7. My ___________ were paralyzed after the accident. After the

______________ therapy I was able to walk again.
a. limbs/rehabilitation b. prosthesis/limbs c. injury/sight

8. After the accident, Sandra suffered an _____________ of her left foot.

Now, she has a ___________ to help her doing her normal activities.
a. injury/bionic b. amputation/rehabilitation
c. amputation/prosthesis

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 4E

B Unscramble the words.

1. rapalsisy ______________ 5. mibl __________________

2. litomybi ______________ 6. cinboi ________________
3. trispohess ____________ 7. linbd __________________
4. yirunj ________________ 8. ybiidaslit ______________

C Write sentences with the words above.

1. ____________________________________________________________

2. ____________________________________________________________

3. ____________________________________________________________

4. ____________________________________________________________

5. ____________________________________________________________

6. ____________________________________________________________

7. _________________________________________________

_________________________________________________

8. _________________________________________

_________________________________________

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4E

II Grammar

A Put the correct form of either can or be able to for

each sentence. Only use be able to if absolutely
necessary.

1. I haven’t _________ concentrate recently at work. I don’t know what it is.

2. My brother _________ cook very well. He is a chef in a French

restaurant.
3. When he was only 2, my friend Lee _____________ speak quite well.

4. I have to go to a business dinner tomorrow night so I _________ (not)

come to the party. I’m very sorry.

5. Kevin lived in Italy for six years, so he must ___________ speak Italian

quite well. He will help you with your homework.

6. This telephone is terrible. I _________ (not) hear you at all.

7. When the car drove into the lake, one of the passengers ________ (not)

open the door and had to be rescued.

8. Despite the arrival of the storm, they _______ finish the football match.

9. When I was very young, I used to ________ touch my toes, but I can’t

now!!
10. The house was totally empty all day yesterday and I _________ finish

that book I was reading.

11. My mother tells me that her grandfather was one of the best musicians

of his time in the city and __________ play the piano like a professional.
12. I hope to ____________ speak English very well after this course

finishes.

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B Complete the sentences with can, could or be able to and the verbs in
parentheses.

1. When I was 5, I ________(play) the piano very well.

2. My grandpa was a talented artist, he ______(play) the

guitar when he was a child.

3. Carlitos is _______(speak) 3 languages, his mom is

from France, his father from Peru and they live in the

United States.

4. After 2 years of studying hard, Sandra ___________

(enter) at San Marcos University to study Medicine. Her

family is proud of her!

5. Simon _______(sing) beautifully, he is organizing a

presentation for next month.

6. Next year Sarita will ____________(speak) English very

well if she continues with her conversation classes.

7. After some weeks training a lot, Alex ______________

(run) in a marathon, he feels proud of himself.

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4F
Writing Tips
Draft 1
Complete the mind map with the abilities people around you have.

My best
friend - sing

My neighbor Brother - run

- dance fast
ABILITIES
AROUND ME

Sister - draw

Dad - cook
delicious

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 4F
Draft 2
Write sentences with your phrases on draft 1.

1. _____________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________

7. _____________________________________________________

8. _____________________________________________________

Final Version
Organize your ideas from draft 1 and 2 in three paragraphs
(introduction-body-conclusion). You can follow the model.

Structures that you have to use: can and be able to.

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4F

Abilities
around
me

Everybody has abilities to share. Around me, I

INTRODUCTION
see my family and my friends doing simple things
every day.

In my family, my mom can________, my dad can

________________________________________
BODY _______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
________________. My friends also have some
abilities. Maria can ________________________.

Finally, writing about me; I am able to __________,

CONCLUSION to _________ and to _______________________
________________________________________.

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 Unit 5

CHALLENGES ARE
WHAT MAKE LIFE
INTERESTING.
OVERCOMING
THEM IS WHAT
MAKES LIFE
MEANINGFUL.
—JOSHUA J. MARINE

UNIT 5 - FACING CHALLENGES

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5A
Have You Ever Faced a
Difficult Situation?
Grammar
1 Look at the pictures and match them with the correct situation.
a. Being a new student at school. c. Being stuck in a lift.
b. You text your crush and she ignores you. d. Your favorite shirt stains.

1 2

3 4

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 5A
2 Have you ever experienced any of the situations mentioned above?
Talk with your peers about them.

3 Below there are some recommendations that might help to overcome

some bad experiences. Match the recommendations with the most
suitable situation of activity 1.

Calm must be kept to be able to think Even though friendships can blossom
clearly what to do. If it is case modern naturally, some energy is taken to
phones should be used to have a light go out and meet a new friend. So,
source and make emergency calls. easy and simple topics should be
Also The Emergency button is pressed considered at first starting.
to alert people and be rescued the
sooner as possible.

When your favorite garment is marked Time should not be wasted by you
with a dirty and colored mark, difficult expecting a genuine reply and
to remove, you can follow these ideas: delaying your sleeping waiting for
a piece of tape should be pressed her/him. Life should be lived on your
onto the dirty mark, then peel it off. own. Move on!
Talcum powder should be sprinkled
onto it and should be tapped down
with your fingers. This works great on
silk.

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5A
Look at the structures in bold of the previous activity and complete
the chart with the correct passive voice taken from it.

ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

You marked your favorite garment. Your favorite garment is marked by you.
You must keep calm. Calm ______________ by you.
You should live life on your own. Life ________________ on your own.
You shouldn’t waste time. Time ______________ by you.

We often use passive voice when is not clear or important who does
an action.

The passive voice indicates the the

subject of the verb receives the
result of an action that somebody
or something else performs. The
active voice indicates that the
subject of the verb carries out an
action.

SUBJECT VERB OBJECT

ACTIVE VOICE You shouldn’t time.
waste

PASSIVE VOICE
OBJECT VERB SUBJECT

Time shouldn’t by you.

be wasted

Present passive voice form

Your favorite garment is marked by you.

Object verb to be in present + verb in PP

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 5A

Change into passive voice

the following sentences.

1. People shouldn’t throw rubbish in the streets.

Rubbish shouldn’t be thrown by people.
2. Paul wastes money buying a lot of sweets.
Money _______________________________________________________
3. Children usually stain clothes with sauce.
_____________________________________________________________
4. Generally, boys start chats with girls.
_____________________________________________________________
5. Parents must have patience with their children.
_____________________________________________________________
6. My crush often ignores me.
_____________________________________________________________
7. You mustn’t use lifts during an earthquake.
_____________________________________________________________
8. People lose calm when are stuck in the elevator.
_____________________________________________________________
9. Teenagers love chatting on their cellphones.
_____________________________________________________________
10. You should turn off the TV when you go to bed.
_____________________________________________________________

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5A
Vocabulary

Use the context in the

sentences to help you
work out the meaning of
the words in bold.

a. Heavy snow delayed the start of the game.

b. Really, the conference was a waste of time.

c. I like to sprinkle a little bit of cheese over my pasta.

d. She washed the garment and then hung it.

e. Willy peeled the old paint off the wall before applying the new paint.

f. A good relationship blossoms when you invest the best of you in it.

g. After the earthquake the police department rescued the victims.

1. To drop a few pieces or drops of something over a surface. _______________

2. A piece of clothing. _____________________

3. To flourish. ____________________________

4. To make something happen at a later time than originally planned or

expected._____________________________
5. An unnecessary or wrong use of money, substances, time, energy, abilities,

etc. __________________________________
6. To help someone or something out of a dangerous, harmful, or unpleasant

situation. _____________________________
7. To remove the outer layer from something. __________________________

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 5A
What’s a collocation?

Collocation is a group of two or more

words that like to hang out together.
Here are some examples of common
collocations that you might know.

make tea - I made a cup of tea for lunch.

do homework - I did all of my homework
yesterday.

Even though is possible to use other word combinations, understanding collocations

help us to improve our fluency because they are words that usually go together.

Find the collocations

Find a verb that will go with the three words given in any one square.

fruit a baby a $20 bill

old a speech your clothes
a beard a letter trains

a bed your way your best

a mistake a purse the washing up

a fuss your temper your homework

do / deliver / finish / change / grow / lose / make

104
5B
Can Tech Make Our Life
Easier?
Listening
Listen to the radio program and number the order
these gadgets are mentioned in the audio.

Now listen again and write the name of the gadgets.

chariot w_______ h_______ g________

________ p______ w_______ t________

Write the name of the gadget according to the benefits they offer.

1. You’ll never have burnt bread again.

___________________________________.

2. You can ride them on the pavement, in a field or on the ground.

___________________________________.

3. You won’t never have cold hands at least for four hours.
___________________________________.

4. You can make a call, listen to music and know the time.
___________________________________.

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 5B
Listen again and match the gadgets with their inventors.

1. The glass toaster was invented by Sanyo

2. The watch phone was developed by Michael Jenkins
3. The Chariot skates were designed by Inventables Company
4. The hand warmer was invented by LG Electronics

Grammar
They were invented, designed, made for making life easier.

Let’s analyze these two examples extracted from the listening activity.

What’s the difference between them? When do you think we use the
second form?

1 LG Electronics developed the

watch phone.
The watch phone was
developed by LG Electronics.

2 Michael Jenkins designed

the Chariot skates.
The Chariot skates were
designed by Michael Jenkins.

The 1st sentences in both examples are in active voice because the performer of the
action comes first. When we don´t want to emphasize the performer of the action but
the person or thing acted on (object of the main verb) we use passive voice (PV) putting
it at the beginning of the sentence.

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5B
Remember that...
Passive form of the verb in PV structures is
signaled by a form of the verb to be followed
by a verb in past participle.

Past passive voice forms

Change the sentences in active voice into passive voice.

1. During World War II Einstein wrote a letter to President Franklin Roosevelt.

__________________________________________________________________
2. Einstein outlined Roosevelt’s potential uses of an atomic bomb and ways to
support American scientists.
__________________________________________________________________
3. Roosevelt created a Committee of scientists and engineers to develop Einstein’s
idea.
__________________________________________________________________
4. Roosevelt called this secret Project against Nazy Germany “The Manhattan Project”.
__________________________________________________________________
5. The development of the Atomic Energy also brought out some benefits to society.
__________________________________________________________________
6. In 2004, Mark Zuckerberg designed and developed a social platform called The
Facebook.
__________________________________________________________________
7. Initially, only Harvard students accessed to The Facebook.
__________________________________________________________________
8. The Facebook expanded invitations to other top colleges.
__________________________________________________________________
9. In 2006, The Facebook changed its name and domain to Facebook.
__________________________________________________________________
10. Finally, Facebook opened membership to anyone with a valid email address.
__________________________________________________________________

107
 5B
Reading
The Shard Tower
1 Quickly read the text,
then write the correct
paragraph headings in
the spaces above the
four paragraphs.

a. New building, new name

b. For the public
c. Construction
d. History

___________________________________
In early February 2013, the tallest building in the EU was open/
were open to the public. This structure was originally knew as/was
P1 originally known as London Bridge Tower, but became the Shard
after critics claimed it looked like “a shard of glass”.

___________________________________
The Shard is designed/was designed in the year 2000 by an Italian
architect called Renzo Piano, whose work also includes the Pompidou
P2 Centre in Paris and the Lloyds building in London. People said that
he were inspired/was inspired by church spires across the city of
London. In 1998, a property developer called Irvine Sellar purchased
a site near London Bridge in the London borough of Southwark, and
later met with Renzo Piano in a restaurant in Berlin to discuss the
redevelopment of the area. It was report/was reported that Mr. Piano
at first rejected the idea of designing a tall building, as he believed
they were “statements of arrogance”; however, he persuaded/was
persuaded to participate in the project and began drafting a design
of the Shard on the back of a menu.

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5B

___________________________________
The Shard ____________________ (construct) around a very strong
concrete centre, which _____________ (contain) key building services
P3 such as escape routes and 44 lifts. To ensure that people can move
around the building efficiently, the offices _______________ (service)
by double-decker lifts and, in case of emergencies, there are also
three sets of stairs. The structure ___________________ (design) to
move as much as 20 inches if necessary, so that the centre of the
building can withstand forces such as high winds and earthquakes.
In total, 11,000 glass panels _________________ (use) and the glass
exterior is 56,000 square metres, which is equivalent to eight football
pitches. An interesting fact is that the Shard __________ (build) using
approximately 95% recycled materials.

___________________________________
When it opens in February, past and present icons of Britain’s capital
city ____________ (display) in illustrated form throughout the entrance
P4 lobby. Visitors will be able to access viewing spaces on levels 68 to
72 of the skyscraper. The public ____________ (take) to the 68th floor
in lifts that __________ (travel) at approximately six metres a second,
listening to music composed by the London Symphony Orchestra.
The developers ____________ (claim) that guests will be able to see
for 64 km on a clear day, taking in the capital’s famous landmarks
and far beyond. Information about more than 200 London attractions
will be accessible via digital telescopes called ‘tell:scopes’, which
guests will be able to use to see both day and night views of the city.
It ____________ (expect) that 1 million people will __________ (visit)
the Shard per year, and it will also be possible to stay at the 200-
room hotel, go to the spa, or eat at a variety of restaurants which
____________ (locate) in the Shard.

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 5B
2 Read the first two paragraphs in more detail. Choose the correct option
to complete the sentences.

3 Write the correct forms of the verbs in brackets (present or past passive
voice) to complete the sentences in paragraphs 3 and 4.

Vocabulary
Find the definition of the words in bold.
Follow the context of the sentence.

1. The government purchased modern patrol cars to improve security in the streets.
2. Japanese buildings are built to withstand strong earthquakes.
3. After their soccer team had won, supporters invaded the pitch.
4. People who clean skyscraper glass windows are well paid.
5. Shards of glass were put at the top of the wall to stop people climbing over.
6. Let’s take the lift to the top floor.
7. Photographs of her childhood were displayed on her desk.

1. A device like a box that moves up and down, carrying people or

goods from one floor of a building to another. __________________

2. A piece of a broken glass, cup, container, or similar object.
________________________________________________
3. To buy something. ________________________________
4. To resist. ________________________________________
5. An area painted with lines for playing particular sports, especially
football. _________________________________________
6. To arrange something or a collection of things so that it can be seen
by the public. ____________________________________
7. A very tall modern building, usually in a city. ___________________

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5B

PRONUNCIATION What’s a silent letter?

A silent letter in a word is one that is written but not pronounced, such as the words
given in the list below.

Silent Letter

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 Can You Live Without 5C

Your Smartphone?
Listening
Look at the picture.
What do you think is
happening?

1 Listen to the track and complete the blanks.

a. The people are ___________ of being without their ____________.

b. __________ percent in the UK confessed to nomophobia this year.
c. Feature phones which we use predominantly for _________ and _________
text messages.
d. We don’t forget the __________ at home.
e. We’re so _______________ on it.
f. We’re using it in all ____________ when we need it and we can use it for
good ___________.
g. What would you do a week if you didn’t have access to your
_______________?

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5C
2 Listen again and answer the questions.
a. What is nomophobia?
________________________________________________________________
b. What kind of phones existed before the smartphones?
________________________________________________________________
c. According to the presenter why is it less probable to forget our mobile at home?
________________________________________________________________

Speaking time How smartphone-dependent are you?

Survey your friends, complete the chart and find out how smartphone-dependent
are they?
Always Sometimes Never

Would you panic if you forgot your cellphone at home?

Would you get scared if your cellphone ran out of

battery?
Would you feel anxiety for not having data signal and
not be able to connect Wi-Fi?
Would you feel awkward because you could not check
your notifications?
TOTAL

Would you panic

if you forgot your Yes, I would.
cellphone at I can’t live
home? without my
cellphone.

always = 3 points sometimes = 2 points never = 1 point

IF YOU GET:
9 TO 12 = No doubt you’re definitely a smartphone dependent.
5 TO 8 = You are on the way to be a possible smartphone dependent.
1 TO 4 = Congratulations you are not dependent on your smartphone.

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 5C
Vocabulary
Match the words with their correct definition.

panic / run out / awkward / Wi-Fi / anxiety

1. A system for connecting electronic equipment such as

computers and electronic organizers to the internet without
using wires. ________________________
2. Difficult to use, do, or deal with. ________________________
3. When all of it has been used or it is completely finished. ________________________
4. A sudden strong feeling of fear that prevents reasonable
thought and action. ________________________
5. An uncomfortable feeling of nervousness or worry about
something that is happening or might happen in the future. ________________________

Idioms What’s the meaning of the idioms? Choose the correct option.

To hit the panic Every time a tremor starts Mirell hits

button the panic button and leaps from
her seat and runs outside home.

To react to a situation with fear and

confusion.

To react with calm and patience.

Click with someone Rose introduced me her brother and

/something I clicked with him. Now we are good
friends.

To like someone immediately.

To realize I don’t like someone.

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5D
Review
Complete the sentences with the present or past simple passive of
the verb in brackets.

1. How many newspapers __________ (print) in Britain every day?

2. Who __________________________ (this play/write) by?
3. German _______________________ (speak) in Germany, Austria, and part
of Switzerland.
4. The royal wedding _______________ (watch) by millions of people in 2011.
5. Nowadays, a lot of computers ______ (make) in Korea.
6. The Harry Potter films _____________ (not direct) by Steven Spielberg.
7. How much ______________________ (paper/recycle) in Poland each year?
8. In the UK, alcohol ________________ (not sell) to anyone under 18. It’s
against the law.

Rewrite the sentences in passive voice.

1. He opens the door. ____________________________________________

2. We set the table last night. _______________________________________
3. She paid a lot of money for her smartphone. ________________________
4. I drew a picture of Machu Picchu. _________________________________
5. They wear white tennis for school . ________________________________
6. They don’t help you. ____________________________________________
7. He doesn’t open the book. _______________________________________
8. You do not write romantic letters. __________________________________
9. Does your mom pick you up? _____________________________________
10. Does the police officer catch the thief? ______________________________

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 5D

Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

garment / lift / sprinkle / waste / run out

1. I don’t want to go up the stairs, I’ll take

the __________________.
2. Is there any salt? I want to
______________ it over my soup.
3. Can you take this _____________ to the
laundromat?
4. Oh no! I’m ___________ of cash. I need
to go to the bank.
5. Do your homework! Do not
______________ your time.

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5E
Writing Tips
Write an essay about technology advantages and disadvantages.

Draft 1
Write the advantages and disadvantages you think technology has currently.

Advantages Disadvantages
_________________________ _________________________
_________________________ _________________________
_________________________ _________________________
_________________________ _________________________
_________________________ _________________________

These expressions may be useful for your essay:

TO INTRODUCE THE OPINION OF OTHERS TO EXPRESS YOUR OPINION

Many people believe that… I personally feel that…

It is considered by many that… I (do) believe that…
It is thought that… I firmly believe that…
Others argue/claim/say/maintain that… I partfully agree that…
Another point of view is that… In my opinion…
Many people believe/think that… My personal view is that…
It is widely believed that… It seems to me that…
It is generally agreed that…
It is sometimes claimed/said that…
TO GIVE EXAMPLES
According to…
For instance,…
For example,…

TO EXPRESS CONTRAST: on the other hand, but however

TO END YOUR WRITING: finally, in conclusion, to summarize

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 5E
Final Version
Organize your ideas from draft 1 and try to use the expressions.

Structures that you have to use: PASSIVE VOICE

Technology: a
problem or a
benefit?
Have you ever wondered the impact technology
INTRODUCTION
has in society nowadays?
It is believed by many that technology makes our
lives easier, however, others think that it is causing
terrible effects in our society. Here I analyze the
advantages and disadvantages of technology.

It is generally agreed that technology may bring...

(write the advantages of draft 1)
BODY On the other hand, others claim that… (write the
disadvantages)

In conclusion, I think technology is a good thing,

CONCLUSION and that is has its advantages, but it depends on
the users control over it.

118
 Unit 6

YOU DON’T
DROWN
BY FALLING
IN THE WATER;
YOU DROWN BY
STAYING THERE.
—ED COLE

UNIT 6 - AT THE BACKSTAGE

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6A
Hollywood Celebrities
Reading

1 Read the following text.

a. Look at the photos. Who is the real

actor and who is the stuntman?
b. Read the article and match the titles
with the paragraphs. Write A-D in
the boxes. There is one title you do
not need to use.

A. Membership and training D. Necessary skills

B. A risky hard work E. Advantages of being a stuntman
C. Salary income

Movie Stuntman Jobs

If you want to feel alive, try living on the
edge. Nothing compares to heart pumping
adrenaline. It’s addicting. If you would
rather dodge bullets, crash cars, or leap
out of airplanes, then you should consider
a career as a stuntman. Stuntmen are the
faceless action heroes of film and television.
They work the scenes of the movies that are
risky. They do live action stunts that make all of us action film lovers drool. Imagine
dangling from a helicopter, driving a Ferrari in a high speed chase on windy
mountain roads, jumping off rooftops, crashing an 18-wheeler, or falling off a cliff.
This is just a day in the life of a stuntman.

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 6A

Not everyone can be a stuntman. Stuntmen

are highly trained professional performers.
They take risks as part of their jobs. Every
stunt is executed exactly as planned,
practiced, rehearsed, and reviewed. Stunts
are designed to be as safe as possible.
A beautifully choreographed sequence is
amazing to watch.
Stunts take lots of work. This means long days. You may work 14 hours a day for
multiple days in a row. You’ll also find yourself in interesting locations. Who knows
where a stunt might need to be filmed - climbing the Eiffel Tower, skiing the Grand
Tetons, blowing up the Great Wall of China.

Though no formal education is required to work as a stuntman, to apply for a job

you must be a union member of either the Screen Actors Guild or the American
Federation of Television and Radio Artists. These major film unions dictate who
can work on what films. It’s hard to get into these unions, but once you do you can
start to apply for jobs. Stuntmen often attend stunt school. Stunt schools often last
around a month and can be quite costly. Precision driving skills, wire work, martial
arts, high falls, rappels, stair falls, foot falls, harness work, weaponry, and unarmed
combat are a few of the things you’ll learn at a school like the International Stunt
School.

Stuntmen average $70,000 per year. If you’re newer to the industry, you may only
make $5,000 per year. It all depends on how much work you manage to find. The
highest end stuntmen can make up to $250,000 per year. All it takes is one stunt
to make money - the highest paid stunt ever was $150,000 for jumping off the CN
Tower in Toronto. That’s about a $15,000 per second wage. Could you do that?

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6A

2 Answer the following questions.

1. What kind of scenes does a stuntman do?

______________________________________________________
2. What requirement do you need to work as a stuntman?
______________________________________________________
3. What kind of training does a stuntman need to have?
______________________________________________________
4. Is it easy to be a stuntman?
______________________________________________________

Listening
Who’s your favorite actor?

Track 1. Listen to a conversation

between Kate and Todd and
complete the blanks.

1. Kate’s favorite actor is (1)__________________. He’s (2)__________________

but he’s (3)_______________ a very good actor.
2. Kate really likes (4)________________. That was a very good movie.
3. Kate said that he has a (5)_____________ _____________ out called Mr. and
Mrs. Smith with Angelina Jolie.
4. Kate heard that Angelina Jolie has been with Brad Pitt while they were
(6)__________ __________ __________, although Brad Pitt is (7)__________
___________ ___________ with Jennifer Anniston.
5. Kate prefers Jennifer Anniston because she’s (8)__________ __________ and
more… they seem like they could have a nice little (9)___________ ___________.
6. Kate thinks that his (10)__________ and his __________ makes him attractive.

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 6A
Vocabulary
A Match the words with its definition.

1. Dodge To practice a play or a piece of music to prepare a

public performance.
2. Pump To hang loosely.
3. Stunt To go down a very steep slope by holding into a rope
that is fastened to the top of the slope.
4. Drool Cable or metal strand.
5. Wire A particular amount of money that is paid to an employee
who does work that needs physical skills or strength.
6. Dangle To jump out-ward from something.
7. Rappel To move quickly away from something so that it doesn’t
hit you.
8. Rehearse Force (liquid, gas, etc.) to move in a specifical direction.
9. Wage An exciting action in a film that is dangerous and needs
to be done by someone skilled.
10. Leap out To allow saliva to flow out of your mouth.

B Match the words with its definition.

cliff / rooftop / 18-wheeler

123
6A Grammar
Relative clauses

A stuntman is a person who works on risky

scenes.
Risky scenes which are part of movies make film
lovers drool.
The Eiffel Tower where the movie was filmed was
the stuntman’s favorite location.
2001 when Ocean’s Eleven was released was a
great year for Brad Pitt.
Stuntmen whose profession is very risky earned
good money.

We use _____________ to give extra information about people.

We use _____________ to give extra information about things.
We use _____________ to give extra information about places.
We use _____________ to give extra information about possessions.
We use _____________ to give extra information about dates.

1 Complete the blanks with the correct relative pronoun.

2 Join and rearrange the two sentences to make one. Use the
word at the end.

a. The film was made in Australia. The director was born there. (where)
________________________________________________________
b. Brad Pitt became a big star after Interview with the Vampire. His
career began when he was a child. (whose)
________________________________________________________
c. He had to be away from home. This was difficult for him. (which)
________________________________________________________
d. Anniston got married to Brad Pitt in 1999. She divorced in 2005. (who)
________________________________________________________
e. The stuntman had to go to The Great Wall of China. The last scene
took place there. (where)
________________________________________________________
f. Brad and Angelina fell in love in 2005. They filmed Mr. and Mrs. Smith
in 2005. (when)
_______________________________________________________

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 Movies, Movies! 6B

Grammar
Defining and non-defining relative clauses

Look at the sentences below. Would the sentences

keep the same meaning if we tried omitting the
relative clauses from the sentences?

We’re looking for someone WHO/THAT can speak German fluently.

main clause relative clause

Are you talking about the film WHICH/THAT won seven Oscars?
main clause relative clause

The restaurant WHERE we had dinner last night was very expensive.
relative clause

Defining relative clauses give essential information about the person, thing, etc.
they refer to. The main clause is incomplete without the defining relative clause (DRC).
DRCs are not separated from the main clause by commas.

Now look at these sentences. Is it posible to omit the

relative clause without changing the meaning of the
whole sentence?

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6B

The animation Coco WHICH I saw last month, won two Oscars.
relative clause

To be a stuntman, WHICH is a risky occupation, is well paid.

relative clause

Non-defining relative clauses (NDRC) give extra information about the person,
thing etc. they refer to. The meaning of the main clause is not affected even if the
non-defining clause is omitted. NDRC are always separated from he main clause
by commas.

Are these relative clauses defining or non-defining?

London, which is the capital of England, is one of the largest cities in the world.
(______________________)
This is the dress my mother has made for me. (_______________)
Queen Elizabeth II, who is 83, has been the queen of England for 57 years now.
(______________________)
That’s the dog that bit me. (________________________)
Tom Cruise, who has starred a lot of films, is a famous American actor.
(______________________)
The village where I grew up is very small. (____________________)
Greg, whose job involves traveling a lot, has been in nearly all the countries in the
world. (______________________)
The office I have just rented is near my home. (_____________________)
This is the officer that arrested the burglar. (________________________)
Lady Gaga, who is a well-known pop star, is only 24. (_______________)

126
 6B
Vocabulary: Strange Occupations
A Read the information in the boxes and number the pictures from 1 to 8.

1. Train pusher 2. Snake milker

If you think the London Underground Not for the light hearted. The job of a
is bad, you should see the trains in snake milker is to collect the venom
Japan. ‘Oshiyas’ are hired to help of poisonous snakes in jars for use in
cram as many people onto a train as anti-venoms and other medication.
possible by pushing them from the Thank god someone’s brave enough!
outside until the doors will close.

3. Professional 4. Dog food taster

sleeper The dog food tester’s job is to taste
new dog food products, including
A hotel in Finland hired a member
bones, tinned meat and biscuits. They
of staff as a ‘professional sleeper’
do this to test for flavor and texture in
to test the comfort of their beds. The
comparison to rival dog food brands
individual sleeps in a different one of
and human food. Hmm… tastey?
the hotel beds each night and writes
a review about her satisfaction with
each one.

5. Full-time Netflix
Imagine being paid to watch TV all day! Well for one lucky employee this dream has
become reality. Netflix have hired someone to watch all of their content before it is
available to the public and their role is to review and assign each program its correct
tag, which help us viewers find exactly what we’re after, whether it’s a romantic crime
movie based on classic literature or witty talking-animal TV show.

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6B

6. Scuba diving 7. Vomit collector

pizza delivery Inevitably, some people who can’t
man handle the twists and turns of
rollercoasters end up losing their
If the fact that there’s an underwater lunches. But have you ever thought
hotel in Florida isn’t bizarre enough, about the person who has to clean it
to add on to that, they have a scuba all up? Meet Rhys Owen, the official
diving pizza delivery man who vomit collector at Thorpe Park, a theme
supplies them with pizza by carrying park in England. The park needed a
them through the sea in a watertight dedicated ‘chunder-cleaner’, as they
case. What a service! so charmingly put it in Britain, for a
particularly stomach-churning ride.
“Although being responsible for
cleaning up peoples’ puke is a bit
gross, I am up for taking on the
chunder challenge,” says Owen.
“I absolutely love rollercoasters and
the perk of being able to ride them for
free makes the sick collection worth it
8. Armpit sniffer - I may have to invest in a nose peg
Store shelves are packed with all kinds though!”
of deodorant - and some work better
than others. But who determines
whether a deodorant is actually
effective? Since test subjects can’t
necessarily be trusted to evaluate their
own bodily odors, odor testers have
to step in and sniff for themselves. It’s
a dirty job, but someone’s gotta do it.

128
 6B

129
6B

Collocations
Handle = To deal with
a situation, a person,
an area of work or a
strong emotion.

Be (un)able to handle
Ex. Sarahi was unable to handle that situation.
Handle (competently, properly, efficiently)
Ex: The situation was handled properly.
Can/can’t handle (criticism, the truth, the loss, etc.)
Ex: Marco can’t handle the truth!
Know how to handle
Ex: I know how to handle it!
Learn how to handle
Ex: No problem, she will learn how to handle the group.
Be easy to handle
Ex: It’s easy to handle!

130
My Favorite Movie Ever! 6C

Listening
Track 2: you are going to listen to a conversation between Wendi and Ken.

1 Complete the chart with yes - no - doesn’t say according to the

preferences of Wendi and Ken.

JURASSIC
TITANIC DINOSAURS UNICORN
PARK
WENDI

KEN

2 Answer to the questions.

a. How many times Ken watched Titanic?

______________________________________________________________
b. Who had t-shirt dinosaurs?
______________________________________________________________
c. Why this person likes dinosaurs?
__________________________________________
__________________________________________

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6C
Grammar Causative verbs: have and get
Has somebody given to you any responsibility to do?
Look at the picture. In the scene of the movie Not Instructions Included Julie gave
Valentin Bravo, an ex boyfriend, to raise up their daughter.

Julie had Valentin raise up their daughter.

Have = give someone else

the responsibility to do something.
Grammatical structure:
have + person + verb (base form)

Complete the causative sentences using the correct verb.

make / call / write / bring / look

I’ll have my assistant ______________ you to reschedule the appointment.

The businessman had his secretary ______________ copies of the report.
Your car engine is making some strange sounds. Why don’t you have a
mechanic _________ at it?
The teacher had everyone ________ a story about a special childhood
experience.
Just wait here. I’ll have someone _______ your suitcases up to your room.

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 6C

Have you ever been convinced to

do something?

Look at the picture. In the scene of

the movie Not Instructions Included
Maggie convinced his father who is
a stuntman to jump from a very high
building.

Maggie got his father to jump from a high building.

Get = convince/encourage
someone to do something
Grammatical structure:
get + person + to + verb

Complete the causative sentences using the correct verb.

take / wash / arrive / try

How can we get all the employees ________________ on time?

My husband hates housework; I can never get him __________ the dishes!
I was nervous about eating sushi, but my brother got me _________ it at a
Japanese restaurant.
The non-profit got a professional photographer ___________ photos at the
event for free.

133
6C
Speaking
What’s your favorite movie?

Ask your partner the

following questions.

1. What is your favorite movie?

2. What kind of movie is it?
3. Explain the plot (3 ideas).
4. Who is your favorite movie
star?

Useful Language
- My favorite movie is _______________.
- It’s a ______________________ movie.
- My favorite movie star is ___________.
- The story starts when ______________,
then ___________________________,
finally __________________________.

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 6C

Idioms

THE SHOW MUST GO ON = Something that we say, which means that an

event or activity must continue, even if there are problems or difficulties.
For example: I’ve got a terrible cold, but I’ve got to go to work. The show
must go on.

TO BE IN THE LIMELIGHT = To be the centre of attention.

For example: Ignore her, she’d do anything to keep herself in the limelight.

A DOG AND PONY SHOW = A show or other event that has been organized
in order to get people’s support or to persuade them to buy something.
For example: The whole party was just a dog and pony show for the
politicians.

GIVE SOMETHING TWO THUMBS UP = To show that you thought a movie

was excellent.
For example: I love that movie, I give it two thumbs up.

BREAK A LEG = For wishing someone good luck, especially before a

performance.
For example: Hey, hope you break a leg tonight!

135
6D
Did You Know That?
HOW TO STOP STUTTERING?
Stuttering is a speech disorder. If you remaining 25 percent experience this
stutter, you may know what you want to disorder throughout adulthood. About
say but find it hard to get the words out. 3 million children and adults in the
The words may seem to get stuck, or United States are affected.
you may find yourself repeating them
over and over. You may also pause at
certain syllables.
Stuttering affects people of all ages, but
it’s most commonly seen in children
ages 2 to 6. About 75 percent of
children lose this stutter with time. The

Although stuttering can’t be feel more at ease with yourself

completely cured, there are a few and the way that your speech
things that you can do to improve sounds.
your speech. Tip #3: Go electronic. In some
Tip #1: Slow down. One of the cases, a specialized ear device
more effective ways to stop a called as a speech monitor may
stutter is to talk slowly. Rushing be helpful. These devices use
to complete a thought can cause delayed and frequency-altered
you to stammer, speed up your feedback software to help you
speech, or have trouble getting speak more fluently. These devices
the words out. Taking a few deep often cost anywhere from $2,500
breaths and speaking slowly can to $4,500, so it’s important to be
help control the stutter. sure that this is the best option for
Tip #2: Practice. Reach out to a you. Talk with your doctor about
close friend or family member to what benefits an ear device may
see if they can sit with you and offer and whether there are any
talk. Practicing your speech in a financial assistance programs
safe environment may help you available.

136
 Inspirational Story 6E

Ed Sheeran

Ever wonder how Ed Sheeran’s life Let’s take a closer look at the struggles
story goes like? Well, he - like many of and wins of pop superstar Ed Sheeran.
us - didn’t have it easy. Dealing with his Edward Christopher Sheeran was born
fair share of struggles from bullying, to in February 1991 in Halifax, England. He
inner battles, insecurity and shame, to had one older brother and his parents
becoming an award-winning singer, were running an art consultancy at the
Ed Sheeran’s story shows how the artist time.
learned to embrace his uniqueness and While he struggled with socializing in
overcame his challenges in order to school, he had an interest in music from
bring us one of the most beautiful voices a very young age. He became part of
of our time. a church choir at 4 and soon started
The English singer, songwriter, and playing the guitar. At 11 he was already
guitarist is loved by young and old writing songs, which was inspired by a
everywhere across the world. His voice backstage chat with Damien Rice. Not
gathers people together, even those who only was his love for music obvious, but
usually don’t prefer this type of music. He also his talent started being noticed by
appeared on stage as a shy ginger boy, others around him.
but instantly won the hearts of everyone Speech therapy wasn’t going well and
listening. And that was just the beginning. one of his biggest fears was that he’ll

137
6D

be like that for the rest of his life. But Example, who liked his style so much
things changed when one day his that he invited him to tour together.
dad brought him Eminem’s record. Ed That allowed Ed Sheeran to start
Sheeran was amazed by how fast the dreaming bigger. He knew that if he
singer was rapping. This inspired him wanted to see progress, he had to move
and he learned every word by the time to America. He arrived in LA without a
he was 10. He began writing more of his recording contract or a place to stay.
own music, and suddenly his stutter was He began sending out his music to
gone. anyone he could reach out to, but
Ed knew music was his calling and he received no answers. Until one day,
had to do something about it. So in while on the show of a local radio host,
addition to playing the guitar and writing he was brought to the stage. Terrified, he
songs, he started performing in different started playing. 12 minutes later, he got
venues. Soon he had 12 shows in a a standing ovation.
week. That continued for four years, and The host’s name was Jamie Foxx, who
not long after he was already recording was so impressed that he let Ed Sheeran
CDs and selling them. use his recording studio. Not just that, but
At the age of 14, Ed Sheeran took his he also let the boy crash on his couch for
guitar, packed some clothes, and a few weeks.
headed to London to officially start his
music career and see where it can take
him.
Being on the road was far from easy.
He shares that when he couldn’t find a
couch for the night, he had to sleep in
parks or in the subway. He had some
nights when he didn’t have any money
for food and was often on the verge of
giving up but he didn’t.
The big leap was in 2010, and while it
wouldn’t be possible without the hard
work and everything Ed Sheeran had
done so far, social media made the
success of the boy happen faster.
Not many singers were leveraging
the potential of social media channels
at the time, but Ed Sheeran quickly
spotted (and leveraged) their potential. Image: Ed Sheeran as a child.
He was posting his videos online, and Credit: The Telegraph.
one of them was noticed by the rapper

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 6D

Being weird is a
wonderful thing

Ed Sheeran’s life story is one of the modern inspiring

tales that can bring back the hope in the starving
artist and the unpopular kid. He likes to remember
the fact that one of the coolest kids from his school
later ended up being his plumber. That’s why he
believes in being yourself rather than following the
crowd or hiding your differences.
I hope that the events in Ed Sheeran’s life so far
and all that he’s been through will motivate you to
do something big too. We all have it within, and we
need to embrace our uniqueness, work with what
we’ve got, and never stop trying.

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6F
Review
I Grammar

A Complete these sentences with a suitable

relative pronoun.

1. That is the man __________ helped me when I fell

down in the street.

2. Is that your car? No, mine is the one _________ is

parked just opposite the bank.

3. That is the woman _____________ complained about

the room service.

4. This is the park _______________ we first met. Do you remember?

5. So, James is the man __________ son came on the school trip with
us? I didn’t know.

6. If you have any question, ask the girl __________ is standing at the
desk. She’ll help you.

7. They had to put away the dog ____________ bit the boy. It was too
dangerous.

8. I’m looking for a person _____________ surname begins with a k.

9. Do you still go to that pub ___________ we used to go as students?

10. The heating is not working. Do you know anyone _______________

can fix it?

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 6F

B Join these sentences using relative pronouns beginning with the

words given. Omit the pronoun if possible. Add commas if
necessary.

1. My school is very big. It is in Madrid. My school ______________ is very

big.

2. Robert Pattinson is an actor. He plays Edward Cullen in the Twilight saga.

Robert Pattinson is _____________________________________.

3. Robert Pattinson is a British actor. He plays Edward Cullen in the Twilight

saga. Robert Pattinson __________________________ is a British actor.

4. I bought this cake yesterday. It tastes delicious. The cake

________________________ tastes delicious.

5. Michael is a policeman. His father is a judge. Michael

_________________________ is a policeman.

6. I bought a computer last month. It doesn’t work properly. The computer

___________________ doesn’t work properly.

7. Prince Charles will be the king of England one day. His mother is Queen
Elizabeth. Prince Charles ________________ will be the king of England
one day.

8. I was given a dog. It is very friendly. The dog __________ is very friendly.

9. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was

written by Mark Twain. I enjoyed it a lot.
The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn
___________________ was written
by Mark Twain.

10. Mrs. Kelly is the woman. She took me

to hospital when I fainted at school.
Mrs. Kelly is the woman
_____________________________.

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6F

C Fill in the blanks

with the correct
form of the verb.

I need to get _____________ the leak in the kitchen. (fix)

The school should have the carpenter __________ the broken

door. (replace)

It took me a long time to get somebody _________ my question.

(answer)

Dr. Smith got his nurse __________ the patient’s temperature.

(take)

I had the mechanic __________________ the brakes. (check)

I am going to have the mechanic __________ my car. (repair)

I am going to have the gardener __________ my plants. (water)

I got my sister ____________ this maths exercise. She loves

trigonometric functions. (do)

I am going to get Peter ____________ at my old computer.

Perhaps he will be able to mend it. (look)

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 6F

II Vocabulary

A Choose one strange occupation and complete the blanks.

1. A person who collects venom from snakes: ___________________________.

2. A person who tests the comfort of the beds: __________________________.
3. A person who helps to cram people into a vehicle: _____________________.
4. A person who works near rollercoasters to clean up around: _____________.

B Choose the correct word to complete the sentences.

can handle / drooling / rehearse / wage / dodge / break a leg / pumps

1. My dog is __________-_____ because he wants to eat from my plate.

2. Sandy has to _____________ quickly to avoid the hit.

3. My uncle is in the hospital, his heart is not working well and his blood
____________ with difficulty.

4. Before the show he has to ____________ many times.

5. “_______________!” my father told to my brother before his presentation.

6. This kid is really a problem, but don’t worry I ______________ him.

7. After working all the week Carlitos received his ____________. He needs
to pay some bills.

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6F
BIG
PROJECT
…and the Oscar goes to...

Leonardo DiCaprio

Emma Stone

144
 6F

Coco
Best
animated
movie
award

In groups you are going to choose the 1. The best movie

following categories for the movies you 2. The best actor
have seen and give an Oscar to: 3. The best actress
4. The best animated movie
5. The best visual effects

You have to justify the reason

of your choice.

145
 Unit 7

THE ONLY PLACE

WHERE SUCCESS
COMES BEFORE
WORK IS IN THE
DICTIONARY.
—VIDAL SASSOON

UNIT 7 - WHAT YOU ARE MADE OF

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7A
What Are My Qualities?
LISTENING Track Nº 1
You will hear six different people
explaining their worst qualities.
Listen to the audio and identify
the correct speaker from 1 to 6 for
the qualities given below.

a. He or she keeps delaying things that must be Speaker

done.

b. Untidy. Speaker

c. Determined to do what he or she wants Speaker

refusing other ideas.

d. He or she wants something to happen as soon Speaker

as posible.

e. He or she is easily annoyed by someone’s Speaker

mistakes or has to wait.

f. He or she sometimes accepts doing tasks Speaker

without caring if they will fulfill people’s
expectations.

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 7A
VOCABULARY I
Fill the blanks with the phrases in the box in order to get the meaning of the
highlighted words.

a. do a lot that is not good for us

b. it must be completed or submitted on or before a specific time or date
c. to do it now
d. to talk about only one
e. we want to talk about something we did or said that we might want
to change

1. Let’s just stick with one.

Adrienne has many bad qualities, but to stick with one means ______________
_________________________________________________________________.
Look at the samples below:
There are many ways to make a polite question in English, but let’s stick with one.
The new marketing plan is good, but I think we should stick with the original one.

2. I want to quit right away.

To do something right away means ___________________________________.
Notice the following:
I’m not in shape. When I start jogging, I want to quit right away.
Your mother called. She wants you to go home right away.

3. It happened two days before they were due.

When something is due _____________________________________________.
Here are two examples:
The rent was due three days ago.
The enrollment form has to be sent right away.

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7A
4. You know what, I probably shouldn’t have said anything.
We say “you know what” when _________________________________________.
Notice the sample sentences:
I asked if he had gained weight. You know what, that wasn’t very polite.
We had planned to go out tonight, but you know what, a DVD and pizza at home
sounds great.

5. I have a bad habit of going to bed late.

A bad habit is something we ___________________________________________.
See the following examples below:
I have a bad habit of interrupting people when they speak.
My boss has a bad habit of forgetting her appointments.

READING
COMPREHENSION
Alex Change

Maria: So Alex, we were

talking about what I would like
to change about myself so I
was wondering what would
you like to change about, for
example, appearance?

Alex: For me, I’ve actually had some fun changing my appearance in the past. I have had
the craziest hair colors. At one point I was pink, purple and red at the same time. Everything
at the same time. I’ve done everything that I can think of, except green, I don’t think green
is an appropriate hair color, but I guess in the near future I think I’d want to probably lose
about five or six kilos, mainly not so much because of appearance but it will also help me
live about ten years longer which would be lovely.

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 7A

Maria: As they say. Alex: I'm kind of glad for not having the
red hair. People get teased for that.
Alex: Yes, as they say. At the moment, you
know I’m going to the gym and trying to Maria: I heard.
get that happen. I wish I were a little bit
taller, honestly, just a little bit. I’m probably Alex: Yeah.
the average height in Australia and I don’t
know I think being a bit taller would be Maria: Poor gingers. What about character,
good. Yeah, I think that’s probably about like what about your personality?
it. I’d also, you know, everyone wants that
body that you can go out to on the beach, Alex: I wish that sometimes I had the, let’s
right? say, the strength to cut some people out
when they have become kind of a bit of
Maria: The beach body? a drag, let’s say. I wish, sometimes I wish
I wasn’t so, like I could be a bit more
Alex: The beach body and have the abs. sensible honestly. I can get very, very, very
I don’t think I’ll ever get abs because my silly so and kind of take things that are not
descendents, my lineage is French and too seriously. School, you know, I find it
Irish and they’re not really known for very, very difficult to like keep going at like
being abs types. If I were Brazilian, no at a good pace. I tend to sort of flow in
problem, but the Irish in me makes me and out of being serious about that. I think
more probably rotund, let’s say round, steady would be a good thing, I think for
than anything else. More like a rugby me for that.
player than a surfer.
Maria: Yeah.
Maria: You weren’t blessed with the red
hair but you did get the physique.

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7A
1 Answer the following questions.

a. What’s the first change Alex would like to do in order to change his appearance?
_____________________________________________________________________
b. What’s Alex doing for losing weight?
_____________________________________________________________________
c. What does Alex want to change about his height?
_____________________________________________________________________
d. Where are Alex’s ancestors from?
_____________________________________________________________________
e. According to the reading, what does “the beach body” mean?
_____________________________________________________________________

VOCABULARY II
1 Match the word with the correct definition.

a. not convenient and is boring or unpleasant sensible

b. a short and informal way of saying ‘abdominal muscles’ descendents

c. when not longer maintain contact or see a person gingers

d. ancestors cut (somebody) out

e. members of family who are directly related to a person silly

and lived a long time before him or her

f. people who have red or orange-brown hair lineage

g. to have a good judgment abs

h. showing little thought or judgement drag

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 7A
GRAMMAR Facing your First Date

Are you looking forward to having the perfect date?

Follow these tips

1 When you ask

for going out
there is a big chance
of being successful if you use
simple questions and give
her options: "Are you free on
Friday or Saturday?"

2 It is good
to show
you are

5
flexible, so do not forget
to ask your partner if she
prefers to go out to a special
restaurant, caf, etc, or if she
Finding
4 Very important:
prefers to do any special
out your bring with you
outdoor activity.
partner’s cash to pay for
interests will avoid the date.
having long silence
between you.

3 Try to find Finally, if your

6
the perfect date went
clothes for your perfect perfect be
date. Remember to be sure she’ll want to have
always yourself. another one with you.

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7A
Read the tips again and find the infinitives and gerunds. Write them in the
correct box. Follow the example.

Infinitive Gerund
To show Having

What is an infinitive?

An infinitive is the verb form that has to at the beginning.

For example, to do, to sleep, to love and to create. It is
the simplest verb form that you have to modify to fit into
sentences.

When to use infinitives?

1. After adjectives:
It’s important to study for our next exam.
I’m happy to announce the winner of the contest.

2. Infinitives can be used to introduce intentions or purpose:

I bought a new Smart TV to watch the World Cup 2018.
He called you to ask for a date.

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 7A
3. Infinitives may be objects after some verbs.

Afford: We can’t afford to buy a new Plan: He plans to follow a career as an

car. engineer.
Agree: She agreed to help him. Prefer: Tom prefers to stay at home.
Aim: The government aims to reduce Pretend: The child pretended to be
illiteracy rates. asleep.
Arrange: He arranged to stay at a hotel. Proceed: He proceeded to show us
Attempt: He attempted to join them. how to use the machine.
Choose: He chose to stay at home. Promise: She promised to come on
Consent: She consented to marry him. time.
Decide: They decided to go to the Refuse: She refused to forgive him.
movies. Seem: He seemed to be unhappy.
Deserve: He deserves to be punished. Swear: I swear to tell the truth.
Demand: He demanded to speak to Threaten: He threatened to reveal her
Mrs. Lynch. secret.
Endeavor: They endeavor to provide the Volunteer: He always volunteers to help
best possible service. the needy.
Expect: They expected to arrive early. Want: I want to finish my work early.
Fail: He failed to convince him. Would hate: He would hate to lose.
Happen: They happened to be at the Would like: He would like to drink a cup
theatre when we met them. of tea.
Help: She helped me to do the exercise. Would love: I would love to meet you.
(Note, help is also followed by a bare
infinitive: She helped me do the
exercise.)
Hope: I hope to join you as soon as
possible.
Intend: She intends to write an
autobiography.
Learn: He learned to play the guitar
when he was young.
Manage: He managed to do his
homework without his mother’s help.
Need: I need to find a job.
Offer: He offers to help us.

154
7A
What is a gerund?

Gerunds are formed by adding -ing to the verb:

sleeping, drawing, swimming. But they are not the
-ing verb forms that you see in the present or past
continuous tense. They look the same, but gerunds
are actually verb forms used as nouns.

When to use gerunds?

1. After verbs + preposition:
She agrees with going out together.
He can’t wait for dating again with my sister.

2. After noun + preposition:

Boys and girls are worried about making mistakes in their first date.
There was a chance of getting good scores if we study.

3. Gerunds can be subjects of a sentence:

Singing gives me great pleasure.
Telling lies can get you into deep trouble.

4. After some expressions like look forward to or be used to:

Mauro is looking forward to meeting his best friend.
Patrik is used to eating spicy food.

5. After some verbs. Gerunds are the direct objects of those verbs. Here are
some of these verbs:

Admit: He admitted stealing the wallet.

Advise: I wouldn’t advise buying a used car.
Allow: They don’t allow smoking here. (Note that when an object is introduced, an
infinitive is used instead of a gerund: They allowed us to leave early.)

155
 7A

Anticipate: He anticipated passing the Mention: He mentioned working in that

exam. company.
Avoid: She avoided meeting him. Mind: Would you mind helping me?
Appreciate: I appreciate working with Miss: He misses talking to her.
you. Permit: They don’t permit smoking here.
Complete: They completed building (Note that, like allow, when an object is
their house. introduced, an infinitive is used instead
Consider: She considered starting a of a gerund: They permitted us to leave
new business. early.)
Delay: She delayed doing her Postpone: They postponed traveling to
homework. Japan.
Deny: He denied stealing the money. Practice: She practiced painting.
Fancy: Fancy meeting you here! Reject: He rejected working with them.
Finish: She finished writing the letter. Resist: He couldn’t resist eating the
Go: Go swimming. cake.
Imagine: He imagines meeting her. Risk: She risks losing her job.
Involve: The job involves working in Suggest: I suggest leaving early.
teams. Waste time/money: Don’t waste my
Keep: He keeps complaining about his time complaining.
girlfriend.

LET´S PRACTICE:
Complete the blanks with the verb in infinitive or gerund, then write the use
of them. Example:

stealing
The robber admitted _______________ (steal) the car. → Gerund after certain verbs.

156
7A

To withdraw
1. George went to the bank _______________ (withdraw) money → Infinitive to express a purpose.

2. _______________ a teacher might an interesting job. (be) → __________________________

3. Students avoid _______________ (do) homework. → __________________________

4. I’m sad_______________ (listen) to that bad news. → __________________________

5. Would you like _______________ (drink). → __________________________

PRONUNCIATION TIPS
Categories of vowel sounds
Vowel sounds are divided into the following three
categories:

Long vowels (vowels that sound like the letter name)

Short vowels (the most common sound for a single
vowel spelling)
Other vowels (the remaining vowel sounds)

The long vowel sounds are not pronounced for longer time
than short vowel sounds!

It is important for EFL(*) students to realize that the terms long and short are not
describing the length of time a vowel sound is said. These archaic terms are still in
popular use in American classrooms and online. They are used here to give a name
to a vowel sound so when the sound is discussed, the name and not the sound
(which many beginner students cannot yet hear correctly) is used.

(*) EFL: English as a Foreign Language

157
 7A

Vowels

Long Short Other

Vowels Vowels Vowels

long a: short a: other u:

cake cat put

long e: short e: oo sound:

keep bed soon

long i: short i: aw sound:

bike sit dog

long o: short o: oi sound:

home top join

long u: short u: ow sound:

cute sun down

158
7B
Sheryl's Ideal Date
GRAMMAR Oh No, I Forgot... Again!
A Read the following sentences and match them with their correct
meaning given in the box.

I remember taking the bus I remember to take the bus

to go to school. to go to school.

He stopped jogging because He stopped to jog to go to

my leg has broken. the movies.

I forgot paying everything I forgot to pay everything

in our first date. in our first date.

She tried taking an aspirin Try to be kind with all your

but it didn’t help. friends.

1. I had done something and I forgot 5. To test or experiment something.

I did it. 6. To make an effort to do something
2. Do not remember to do something. that is not easy.
3. To stop with an activity. 7. Memory of something you did in the
4. To stop in order to do another activity. past.
8. Do not forget to do something.

159
 7B

CONCLUSION: Some verbs have

different meanings when they
are followed by a gerund or an
infinitive.

B Complete the blanks with the infinitive or gerund of the verbs in parentheses.

1. I forgot ________________ (post) the birthday card of my girlfriend so I was

surprised when she called me to say thank you.

2. Remember _____________ (do) your homework. I don’t want you to get bad
scores.

3. I forgot to buy sugar for my coffee. I’ll try ____________ (add) honey instead.

4. Try ___________ (play) at least once. You’ll realize it is funny.

5. Peter stopped ____________ (smoke) because doctor recommended it.

6. She remembers __________ (go) to the beach in her childhood.

7. Don’t forget ______________ (buy) the birthday cake on your way back.

8. Paula stopped ___________ (write) to answer the phone.

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7B
VOCABULARY In A Relationship?
Fill the blanks with the correct word.

1. Flirt with
To behave amorously toward someone in a casually
playful manner.
2. Unrequited love
When love is not returned or reciprocated.
3. Have a crush on
A strong but temporary feeling of liking someone.
4. Get along with (be friendly)
If two or more people get along, they like each other
and are friendly to each other.
5. Hit it off (with someone)
To be friendly with each other immediately.
6. Engagement
An agreement to marry someone.
7. Break up with
If a marriage or two people in a relationship break up,
their marriage or relationship ends.

a. Yesterday, after 4 years

of relationship, Yuriko
_________________ me.

b. Paul and Mary posted

on Facebook their
____________________.

161
 7B

c. We are friends since school

times. I ________________
him.

d. Amy ________________
his favorite singer.

e. We had similar ideas

about cats, and the two of
us _________________
right away.

f. Another love poem on the

pain of _______________.
She doesn’t love me.

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7B

g. Jordy was
_____________________
Lilian, his classmate.

COLLOCATIONS
Classify the words in the box in the correct column in order to form the right
collocation.

blood - begin - forge - kin - distant - family - build up - cultivate

relationship
ADJECTIVE
COLLOCATION

a relationship
VERB
COLLOCATION

163
 Love Hurts 7C

LISTENING Cheryl's Ideal Date

Listen to a dialogue between two friends related to the ideal date.

I Fill in the blanks with the words in the box below.

goes well take out a girl makes the first move

behave respectfully rely on

Nick: What's your ideal date situation? And thirdly, he should pay for the date.
Cheryl: What's my ideal date? Well, I think
Nick: Pay for the date?
I would want the guy first of all to make
Cheryl: Yes, he should pay for the
a plan for everything. He should plan
date because it is his pleasure to
the date, and not ______________ me
_______________________ on a date.
to make the suggestions because I think
Of course, the date should also be
it's very nice and attractive when a guy
very fun. It should not be boring, and
____________________ and makes the
it should end with a kiss on the cheek
plans.
if it _________________________. If it
Secondly, I would probably want him doesn't go well, then the guy should
to drive me around to the places, or __________________ and say goodbye.
would, could go on public transportation Nick: Good luck finding a guy like that.
together, as long as he has a plan it's OK. Cheryl: Thank you.

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7C

II Answer the following questions about the dialogue.

1. According to Cheryl what does the guy must make first in order to have
the ideal date?
a) A credit card b) A plan c) A car

2. How does the date should be?

a) Boring b) Annoying c) Fun

3. How does the man should behave?

a) Naughty b) Relaying c) Respectfully

4. How does the date should end if everything is fine?

a) with a simply good bye b) with a shake of hands
c) with a kiss on your cheek

III Match the 2 columns.

1. Make the first move have a good outcome

2. Rely on take a girl away from home

3. Go well initiate something

4. Take out a girl depend on

165
 7C

SPEAKING TIME
How do you think should be an ideal date?

1. Do you think girls should 3. Who should pay in the first

rely on boys to make all the date?
plans for the date?
4. How should the boy or girl
2. Who should make the first behave in the first date?
move?

USEFUL
LANGUAGE
- I think that boys/girls should…
- In my opinion…
- I would say that…
- I don't think boys/girls...
- For me it makes sense that…

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7C

IDIOMS
Match the idioms with the correct picture.

a. A match made in heaven

The perfect relationship.
b. Find Mr. Right
To find the right person or the
perfect person to marry.
c. Blind date
A date where the two people
have never met before.
d. To be on the rocks
To have a difficult period in a
relationship.

167
 Review 7D

I Grammar

A Complete the sentences with gerund or infinitive.

1. I can't imagine Peter __________________ (go) by bike.

2. He agreed __________________________ (buy) a new car.

3. The question is easy___________________ (answer).

4. The man asked me how _______________ (get) to the airport.

5. I look forward to ______________________ (see) you at the weekend.

6. Are you thinking of ____________________ (visit) London?

7. We decided _________________________ (run) through the forest.

8. The teacher expected Sarah ____________ (study) hard.

9. She doesn't mind _____________________ (work) the night shift.

10. I learned ____________________________ (ride) the bike at the age of 5.

11. We decided _________________________ (buy) a new car.

12. They've got some work ________________ (do).

13. Peter gave up ________________________ (smoke).

14. He'd like ____________________________ (fly) an aeroplane.

15. I enjoy ______________________________ (write) picture postcards.

16. Do you know what ____________________ (do) if there's a fire in the shop?

17. Avoid ______________________________ (make) silly mistakes.

18. My parents wanted me ________________ (be) home at 11 o'clock.

19. I dream about _______________________ (build) a big house.

20. I'm hoping __________________________ (see) Lisa.

168
7D

Test your understanding of the

differences in meaning by deciding
whether the verb should be used in
the infinitive or gerund form based
on the clues provided.

1. Jack remembers ____________________ (buy) eggs at the supermarket

because he always takes a list.
2. Jason stopped ______________________ (play) the piano at 6 p.m. because
it was time for dinner.
3. I certainly didn't forget ________________ (ask) him the question because
he's already given me his answer.
4. Janice stopped ______________________ (make) a telephone call before
she continued with her shopping.
5. Have you ever forgotten ______________ (get) a present for your wife on
your anniversary?
6. Alan stopped _______________________ (drink) years ago because of a
serious liver problem.
7. I remember_________________________ (play) football when I was in high
school. Unfortunately, I didn't play much during the games.

169
 7D
Vocabulary
Fill the blanks with the words in the box.

crush - flirting - match made in heaven - Mr. Right - on the rocks

- sensible - descendents - blind date - unrequited - gingers

1. Oh Jenny, I swear to you I’ll find my ________________ tonight.

2. Jeremy was _________________ with many girls at the party.

3. _____________ guys always have good sense.

4. My grandparents told me that our _______________________ came

from Asia.

5. Zach is fond of red-orange hair girls. He likes ___________________.

6. Tom sent many romantic letters to Liza but she doesn’t care. He is
living an _______________ love.

7. Marlon has a ________________ on the new classmate.

8. Tina and Anthony are a _______________________. They love doing

things together and cannot stand to be away from each other.

9. After chatting one year they’ve decided to meet. They’re having a

__________________________ tonight.

10. They are facing a difficult period in their marriage. They’re

______________________________.

170
7D
Label the pictures with the words in the box.

ginger - blind date - silly - engagement - break up with

171
 Writing Tips 7E

Trilce Magazine, in its miscellaneous

section, would like to post the most
original and assertive article about how do
you think an ideal date should be.

You can follow this pattern.

A
Catching
Title
(You can write here the answer of the
INTRODUCTION
following questions)
Who should be your possible partner in
your ideal date?
Where should it be?

How should your partner behave?

BODY
How should you behave?
Who should pay the date?

Here you write in simple words your final

CONCLUSION
conclusion.

172
 Unit 8

YOU DON’T
HAVE TO BE
GREAT TO
START, BUT
YOU HAVE TO
START TO
BE GREAT.

UNIT 8 - WHAT A MISTERY!

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8A
Ghosts and Misteries I
MYSTERIOUS SITUATIONS

The Dissapearance
Of Madeleine
McCann
More than 11 years have passed and she
has still not been found. The three-year-
old’s disappearance remains one of the
most famous missing person cases in
British history.
CIATI
Little Maddie, then three, disappeared
from her bed in a holiday apartment in
Rua Dr Agostinho da Silva, Praia da Luz, a
resort in Portugal.
The McCanns arrived on Saturday 28 April
2007 for a seven-night spring break at the
two-bedroom, ground-floor apartment.
It was in the fifth block of a group of
apartments known as Waterside Village.
But on the evening of May 3 she vanished
from the apartment where she had been
sleeping with her brother and sister. Her
parents were at a nearby restaurant
having dinner and left the kids alone in the
bedroom.

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Eastern
Islands

Easter Island is in the southern Pacific still live on the island aren’t sure as to what
Ocean, over 3,500 kilometres from the the statues were for—they may have been
coast of South America. The island isn’t that made to honour ancestors or for religious
big at only about 163 square kilometres, purposes.
and it’s pretty rocky, with three extinct Visitors couldn’t figure out how the heavy
volcanoes. moai were moved from the quarry where
So what makes Easter Island special they’d been carved to places all over the
enough to be a World Heritage Site? Well, island. Remember, this was a time before
it’s because of the dramatic artwork that cars and trucks. So how did the moai
can be found all over the island. There move? The Rapa Nui have legends of the
are nearly 900 statues of what look to be statues walking to their resting spots. It
giant heads! These big stone carvings— may be that ropes were attached to the
the tallest is almost 10 metres and weighs moai and that people pulling on them
82 tonnes—are made from volcanic rock. were able to rock the statues from side to
Called moai (say “moe-eye”) they made side, moving them forwards, one step at
Easter Island one of the most mysterious a time!
places on Earth! The Rapa Nui people who

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The Snapchat
Murder
Abigail Williams, 13, and Liberty German,
14, were found dead under a train bridge
in the small town of Delphi, Indiana, on
February 14, 2017, the day after going
missing. The girls, whose killer is still at
large, had been out taking photos while on
a hike together when they failed to return
home. ABIGAIL WILLIAMS
One of the pics—uploaded to Snapchat
before they vanished—showed a man
walking towards them. And the man
simply says “down the hill” in a recording
made just before the girls were killed.
Mike and Becky Patty, Liberty’s
grandparents, said: “We cannot stop
searching until they find the murderer.”
Mike Patty, Libby’s grandfather, said: “I truly
believe that somebody out there knows LIBERTY GERMAN
this guy.”

“Somebody knows something. Nobody

lives in total isolation in today’s world. And
I’m asking that person—please, help us
out.”
Mr. Patty also said: “I spent a couple of
weeks out here (where the bodies were
discovered) looking for clues and items to
help catch this guy.”
Speaking on US TV (Dr. Phil), Mrs. Patty
MIKE PATTY, LIBBY’S
GRANDFATHER. said: “We have a hole in our family.”

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“We don’t go anywhere, we don’t do
anything that we aren’t looking for this guy”
says grandmother, Becky.
Anna Williams, Abigail’s mother, said:
“There are days I would rather not be here."
She said: “Abigail’s bedroom is right next
to mine.” And fears she might not have any
answer in 10 years, every day it’s brand
new and it hurts just as bad as the day it
SKETCH OF THE MAIN SUSPECT
happened.
A sketch of the prime suspect was encouraging locals in the town of around
developed based on witnesses and the 300 residents to replace their porch lights
police investigation and hunt for the prime with orange bulbs in honour of the girls.
suspect continues. They will stay until their killer is caught.
Libby’s mother began the movement,

GRAMMAR
Look at the following examples:

“We have a hole in our family.”

“I spent a couple of weeks out here.”

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“Abigail’s bedroom is right next REPORTED

to mine.”
SPEECH:
1. The main verb is
usually in past.

- am/is/are → was/were
- do/does → did
- have/has → had
- will → would
- can → could
- want/go/know →
wanted/went/knew

2. Don’t forget to
change the time
Do you remember “The Snapchat
expressions, pronouns,
Murder” case? Let’s remember possessive adjectives,
what some members of the family etc.
said about it a year after this
murder. 3. Sometimes is not
necessary to change
the verb in the reported
1. Ms. Patty said that they had a speech if the idea is still
true. Ex:
hole in their family.

Mr. Patty: “I truly believe

2. Mr. Patty said that he (had)
that somebody out there
spent a couple of weeks out
knows this guy.”
there.
In reported speech:
Mr. Patty said that
3. Ana Williams told Dr. Phil that
he truly believes that
Abigail’s bedroom was next to
somebody out there
hers.
knows that guy. (This
idea is still true!)

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Now change these sentences into the reported speech.

1. I am living in 4. I haven’t seen

Surco now. Charles these days.

2. I saw Patsy
at the party 5. I can’t come to
last night. your house tonight.

3. My parents 6. I don´t know

are very well. where to go.

1. _____________________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________________

5. _____________________________________________________________

6. _____________________________________________________________

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VOCABULARY
A Label the pictures.

- hike

- rope

- bulb

- bridge

B Classify the words in the following categories.

quarry - carvings - remain - heritage - murderer - vanish - porch - encourage -

heritage - dissapearance

NOUNS ADJECTIVES VERBS

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 Ghosts and Misteries II 8B

READING AND LISTENING

1 Listen to the track and complete the blanks with the words below.

pretty late - so scared - bit scary - quite young - really scared - very late

Ghosts

One of my favorite things to do when I was there, so it got (3)____________ because

a little girl was to stay with my granddad, they had been playing cards for a long
so I’d go to stay with him on the holidays, time having some fun so he didn’t want
and he would often tell me stories, or sing to leave and then eventually, he and his
songs for me, so I learned a lot from him, friends decided, “OK, we’d better leave
but one of my favorite things, like I said and better go back home”, so the two
was to listen to his stories and around of them were walking together towards
Halloween sometimes, or if we asked him their house, but in between his parents’
at other times when it was getting dark or house and his new home they had to pass
a (1) _____________ we’d ask him to tell us a graveyard, so these two guys, young
a ghost story. men, I suppose, they weren’t very happy
So one of, yeah, one of the first ghost stories with the idea of going past a graveyard
I remember was him telling us about a (4)______________ at night, because you
time when he was (2)____________, I think know, they’re lots of stories about ghosts
he was in his early twenties maybe, and and spirits hanging around at that time of
he was already married but he went back the night, so they were approaching the
to his parents house one night to meet his graveyard and they were a bit scared and
family and friends, have a game of cards they were wondering whether they should
maybe with friends who were gathered turn back or keep going. Be strong and

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brave about it. So they were approaching run for it. I’m going to make a run for it”. So
the graveyard and suddenly my granddad all of a sudden, he just ran straight past the
saw what he thought was a priest sitting graveyard, and then suddenly, this big dog
on the wall. So he say a man dressed in came jumping down from the wall of the
black, with a white collar, and he was so graveyard, and my granddad was
frightened, I mean, I can’t imagine what he (6)_____________, he was like screaming,
must have said at the time, but he and his but as it turned out it was just a sheep dog
friend were really, (5)_____________, and that he’d seen so in the dark of night. In
they were talking between themselves, those days of no road lights and street
“Oh, my God! What should we do? What lights or anything what he’d actually seen
should we do?” but they were so frightened with his friend was a black sheep dog with
they couldn’t move. So eventually, my a white collar, so not a ghost after all.
granddad decided, “OK, I’m just going to

2 Answer the following questions.

a. Who used to tell the speaker stories or sing songs?

______________________________________________________

b. What were they doing until late?

______________________________________________________

c. What did the grandfather think he saw?

______________________________________________________

d. What did they really see in the dark of the night?

______________________________________________________

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3 Do you believe in ghosts?

You will listen to 6 speakers giving their opinion about ghosts. Identify
and number from 1 to 6.

a. Believes there are many things that people Speaker

don’t understand.

b. Some members of his family believe in ghosts Speaker

but he doesn’t.

c. Saw her grandfather but considers it as part of Speaker

her imagination.

d. Only believes in the things he can see. Speaker

e. Believes in ghosts. Speaker

f. Doesn’t believe in ghosts but gets scared with Speaker

ghost movies.

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VOCABULARY Extreme Adjectives

1 Match the extreme adjective in A with their equivalent in B.

A B
a. Huge 1. Very beautiful

b. Tiny 2. Very angry

c. Terrifyed 3. Very large

d. Freezing 4. Very cold

e. Gorgeous 5. Very scared

f. Furious 6. Very tired

g. Terrible 7. Very small

h. Exhausted 8. Very wet

i. Starving 9. Very bad

j. Soaked 10. Very hungry

k. Hilarious 11. Very noisy

l. Deafening 12. Very funny

Can you use intensifiers before extreme

adjectives? (Intensifiers: very, quite, really,
absolutely, so, etc.).

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2 Match the following words with its definitions.

1. A dog trained to help people control sheep and a. Priest

move them in the direction wanted

2. A place where dead people are buried b. Make a run for it

3. The part around the neck of a piece of clothing c. Hang around

4. To suddenly start running in order to escape d. Sheep dog

from somewhere

5. A person, usually a man, trained to perform e. Collar

religious duties, specially in the Catholic Church

6. To come together in a group f. Brave

7. Showing no fear of dangerous or difficult things g. Scream

8. To move or do things slowly h. Graveyard

9. To cry or say something loudly because of strong i. Gather

emotions such as fear, excitement, etc.

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GRAMMAR Adverbs of degree

Read the following examples.

1. This story is about a time when my grandpa was

quite young.

2. They were going past a graveyard very late.

3. He and his friends were really scared.

4. My grandad was so scared, he was like screaming.

HOW MUCH ? or TO WHAT EXTEND?

The answer of these questions are adverbs of degree.

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In the examples 1. Adverbs of degree

quite, really, so and normally come in mid
very are adverbs of
position with the verb.
degree that modify
the respective - He had hardly begun.
adjectives. - My work is almost
finished.

2. An adverb of degree
qualifying an adjective or
another adverb normally
goes before it.
- I am extremely sorry.
- He is entirely right.
- She was rather busy.

3. Enough is an
exception to this rule.
It is placed after the
PRONUNCIATION FILE: adjective or adverb it
qualifies.
Catenation - You are not old enough
In fluent English, when one word ends in a consonant sound to marry.
and the next word begins in a vowel sound, we link the two - This is good enough to
sounds together without a pause in between them. So, an be true.
egg becomes anegg. This is called catenation. Here are
some more examples. 4. A lot and a bit go in
Examples end position.
He’s in the garden. - I go to Cuzco a lot.
I used to believe in Father Christmas, but not any more. - I like to change things
I had to give up jogging. a bit.
He had it in his office.

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Unknown Flying Object
Listening
You will listen to a conversation about UFOs, circles and lines.

1 Match the extreme adjective in A with their equivalent in B.

a. Jonathan thinks that the chance that there is _________ _________ in the
universe is overwhelming likely.

b. Todd said that ___________ ___________ are always associated with

UFOs.

c. Jonathan said that there were __________ __________ in England that

proven that it was a hoax.

d. Jonathan said that there are some lines in Nazca and he has _________
_________ _________. He took a small plane to view some of those.

e. Todd said that they are so geometrically perfect so it seems

____________ ____________ to do.

Speaking time
Using adverbs of degree, give your opinion of what do you think could have
happened in the mysterious situations presented in the unit.

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1. About Madeleine McCann 5. About circles in the crops

2. About The Eastern Islands 6. About the lines in Nazca
3. About the Snapchat Murder 7. About UFOs.
4. About ghosts

What do you think

It was
about Madeleine
something
McCann case?
really strange!
In my
opinion…

In my opinion my friend, _________________________________________

____________________ because __________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________

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VOCABULARY
1 Match column A with column B.

A B
1. Affected by something in great numbers. vantage point

2. To connect with something else. associate with

3. To look through in search of something overwhelm

valuable.

4. To suggest a reason for something even postulate

though there are no facts to support it.

5. A high place that offers someone a good view rummage through

of something.

2 Complete the sentences using the words from the box.

overwhelm - associate - rummage through -

postulate - vantage point

1. We had to ________________ the trash to look for some food.

2. People ___________________ Santa with Christmas.
3. From the _________________ we could see the entire town.
4. The scientist _______________ that they will find the cure for cancer soon.
5. The number of cars _________ the size of the roads.

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IDIOMS
What’s the meaning of the idiom? Choose the correct option.

1. Be at large: The murderer is still at large.

A person who should be To be taller and bigger

in prison but is free. than usual.

2. To be scared stiff:
Ex: I was scared stiff for hours after the
accident:

What do you think scared stiff means?

a. To be paralized.
b. To be so sad.
c. To be extremely happy.

3. To give up the ghost:

Ex: After the terrible accident Sandro
gave up the ghost.

What do you think give up the ghost means?

a. To love ghosts.
b. To be scared of ghosts.
c. To die (person) or stop working
(machine).

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8D
Review
GRAMMAR

I Change the sentences from active to passive voice.

a. Sheylla said: “I don’t feel very well.”

_____________________________________________
b. Sebastian said: “Margaret has had a baby.”
_____________________________________________
c. Carla said: “My bike was stolen 2 days ago.”
_____________________________________________
d. Collin said: “I will travel to Cuzco on my next vacation.”
_____________________________________________
e. Carolina said: “My mom is my best friend.”
_____________________________________________

II Fill the gaps using the words in parentheses.

1. Tammy Payne isn’t a good singer. She’s ____________________ fantastic.

(absolutely/very)
2. The Serrano Towers in Valencia are ___________________________ high.
(absolutely/pretty)
3. It was ______________________ freezing this morning.
(a bit/absolutely)
4. Victoria, in my opinion, is ____________________ mad.
(completely/highly)
5. Scarlett Johansson looked _________________________ gorgeous at the
Golden Globe Awards ceremony. (absolutely/totally)
6. María is _____________________ nice. (absolutely/really)
7. Ecuador is a ____________________ great country. (really/very)
8. It was a ____________________ simple invention. (quite/remarkably)
9. Samantha is a ______________________ skilled computer technician.
(completely/highly)
10. The concert was _____________________ wonderful.
(absolutely/extremely)

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VOCABULARY
I Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

vantage point (x2) - rummage through (x2) - associate (X2) -

overwhelmed (x2) - postulate (x2)

1. From this _________________, Tom had a good view of the parade.

2. The police ________________ the garbage for evidence.
3. The students were__________ with information on the first day of class.
4. The hospital was ___________ with injured people after the earthquake.
5. People often ______________ the military with rough, tough soldiers.
6. People tend to _____________ good grades with intelligence rather than
hardwork.
7. We ______________________ the trash for the missing keys.
8. Some professors ___________ that Native Americans came by land and
sea.
9. Many scientists ____________ that Mars once had supported life much like
Earth does today.
10. That hill is a good __________ to take a nice a picture of the town.

II Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

graveyards - can’t move - tell stories - a run for it - collars

1. The other cars are parked so close to my car that I ______________.

2. We just sit around ______________ for hours at the family cabin.
3. Sandra has more than 15 ________ for her dog.
4. The burglars tried to ____________ but the police caught them.
5. Many people is afraid of ________. They associate them with ghosts.

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Writing Tips Mysterious Events
Draft 1
Complete the mind map with some information about a mysterious event that you have
listened or searched.

When?
Where?

Mysterious
Event
At the end…
What
happened?

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Draft 2
Write sentences with your phrases on Draft 1.

1. _____________________________________________________

2. _____________________________________________________

3. _____________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________

Final Version
Organize your ideas from draft 1 and 2 in 3 paragraphs (introduction-body-
conclusion). You can follow the model.

Structures that you have to use: adverbs of degree

______________________________________ (Title)

This event took place ________________________________________

_________________________________________________________.
(When and where)

Firstly, ____________________________________________________
_________________________, then ___________________________
____________________________________. (What happened?)

I think that _________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________
____________________________________ (Give your opinion).

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 Unit 9

DON’T LET
WHAT YOU
CANNOT DO
INTERFERE
WITH WHAT
YOU CAN DO.
—JOHN WOODEN

UNIT 9: OUR BEST MEMORIES

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My Childhood
Childhood Memories -by Jazmine

Childhood memories are some of the memories just stick with you for a lifetime.
most precious keepsakes to hold dear to Here are seven of the most common
your heart.—especially as you grow up. childhood memories that you may not have
Sometimes you have to remind yourself trouble remembering.
how it felt to be a kid, and certain childhood

1. Your favorite stuffed

animal
Everyone had that favorite stuff animal that they just
couldn’t live without. You had to have them sleeping with
you at night or tagging along with you at grade school.
Mine has forever been Winnie the Pooh Bear. It’s sad to
say, but he’s still in my life and moves wherever I move.

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2. Memorable children’s
storybooks
What were some of the children’s stories that stood out
to you the most? Mine was The Little Engine that Could.
It definitely became one of my favorite reads, along with
many other bedtime stories.

3. Building forts and

castles
This is one of the best childhood memories I just don’t
want to let go of any time soon. Do you remember
building forts, castles or tents with chairs, sofa pillows,
and sheets? My brother and I used to love to build our
little home and camp out in the living room for the night.
It was like our territory that no one could enter without
our permission. Now that I’m older, I wish I were small
enough to fit in one of these fortresses.

4. Watching your
favorite cartoon
Who doesn’t remember their favorite cartoon or kids
show? I had several. I loved Rugrats and pretty much
admired Angelica (don’t ask why). TV shows of today will
never match up to what the 90s kids grew up on—but
I’m sure every generation thinks the same about their
childhood cartoons.

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5. Your first
crush
If you didn’t have a little crush on someone as a young
kid, you’re just lying! I will admit that my first crush was
in second grade. I didn’t quite understand it then, but I
just remember being completely intrigued by this boy
who would sit next to me at lunchtime just to pull on my
pigtails. Of course I tried to make myself believe that I
disliked him, but in reality, I actually had a crush on him.

6. Your parents’
favorite music
Music is just one of those things that sticks with you at
any age. For most of us, I’m sure we can remember a
song that our parents played a lot. Now when I hear
a particular song, I immediately have a flashback to
hearing the same song as a child.

7. Playing with
friends outside
This is one of those memories you will NEVER be able
to remove from your mind. I was one of those kids who
loved to read, write, and stay in the room playing with
Barbie dolls. My mother used to force me to go out and
play (what mother didn’t), so you can believe that this

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was devastating for me. Yet, once I got outside I realized
how much I was missing out.
Hide-and-seek, Tag, and Red Light Green Light were just
a few games I vividly remember playing with my friends.
What are some other childhood memories that are
unforgettable for you?

Answer the following questions.

a. Which one is Jazmine’s favorite stuffed animal?

_____________________________________________

b. Did she have a crush?

_____________________________________________

c. At the beginning, did she like to play outdoors?

_____________________________________________

d. What makes her have flashbacks?

______________________________________________

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LISTENING

1 Match the word with the correct

definition.

1. What was Daniel’s best childhood memory?

a. Playing soccer
b. The beach
c. Holidays

2. Where did he use to go?

a. Mom’s house
b. Great grandma’s house
c. Grandma’s house

3. When he was a kid, how long did he use to stay there?

a. 3 months
b. 2 weeks
c. In December

4. What did Daniel use to do in the afternoons?

a. Have an amazing lunch
b. Play football
c. Go to the beach

5. What is the definition of having fun, for Vella?

a. To play soccer
b. To go to the beach
c. Food and friends

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VOCABULARY
1 Match column A with column B.

A B
1. It is an inexpensive and basic place to stay My definition of…
when you are traveling.

2. When a situation is either fantastic or so Hostel
good that it can’t possibly be the truth.

3. To be sad or disappointed about something. Shame

4. It’s like your schedule that you do most of the Too good to be
time. true

5. To show what a particular phrase means to you. Routine

2 Label the pictures with the words

in the box.

castle - sheet - tent - fortress -

pigtails - sofa pillows

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9A
GRAMMAR
Used to
We use used to when we refer to
things in the past which are no
longer true. It can refer to repeated
actions or to a state or situation.

I used to get up really late every day.

I used to go there when I was a kid.

Daniel used to have a 3 month summer holiday.

NEGATIVE:
The negative of used to is didn’t use to.

• It didn’t use to be so crowded in the shops as it is nowadays.

• I didn’t use to like broccoli when I was younger, but I love it now.

Complete the sentences with used to and the correct form of the verb.

1. Sophie ____________ (sing) in the choir when she was a kid.

2. Laura and Karol ____________ (play) with Barbies when they were 6.
3. __________ you ____________ (have) a favorite toy?
4. Cesar ____________________ (not drink) milk when he was a kid, he
suffers from allergy.
5. __________ Sandy __________ (live) in Surco during her childhood?

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 My Childhood 9B

Hold on!
GRAMMAR

BE Be used to means ‘be accustomed

to’ or ‘be familiar with’.
USED It can refer to the past, present or
TO future. We follow be used to:
• with a noun phrase
• a pronoun
• the -ing form of a verb

EXAMPLES

I work in a She lives in a He was a

hospital, so I’m very small village salesman, so
used to long and hates traffic. he was used
hours. (I am She’s not used to travelling up
accustomed to/ to it. and down the
familiar with long country. (He was
hours.) accustomed to/
was familiar with
travelling.)

1. In those days, they ________________ (to drink) milk.

2. Mrs. Wilson ____________________ (to read) four hours a day when she was
young.
3. He is nervous because he ____________________ (not/to speak) English .
4. There _____________________ (to be) a bakery in the village in those days.
5. They ____________________ (to have) lunch in a fast food every Saturday
when they were teenagers .
6. She lives in Los Angeles and she ___________________ (to go) to Disneyland.
7. Don’t worry about him, he _____________________ (to get up) early every day.
8. Do you remember that we ________________ (to tell) you stories before you
went to bed.

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9B
VOCABULARY
Match the word with its definition.

1. A small present, usually not expensive, that is lie

given to you by someone so that you will
remember that person.

2. To go somewhere with a person or group, usually keepsakes

when they have not asked you to go with them.

3. A sudden clear memory of an event in the past. tag along

4. To stay close to someone, or to continue to do flashback

something.

5. To say or write something that is not true in order stick with you
to deceive someone.

COLLOCATIONS
HOLD = Means to grasp or hold
something. It can also mean to
keep or detain someone, so they
cannot escape or get away.

There are many collocations for the word hold. Here are some of
the most popular.

1. Hold a meeting or an event

Means to have a meeting or an event in a certain location.
An organization or a person can hold an event or meeting.
Ex. The conference center will hold the event next week.

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 9B

2. Hold your tongue

Means to stop talking or not talk at all. It can be said when someone
is telling another person to be quiet. It can also be said as a warning
before the other person starts talking.
Ex. I know that you are not good friends but please, hold your tongue!

3. Hold your ground

Means to not back down or stay firm. This can mean to physically not
move from a place. It can also mean to not change your position in an
argument.
Ex: Don’t forget, I need that you hold your ground, just that!

4. To hold dear you heart

Means to have a great affection and that you care a lot about somebody
or something.
Ex: Those memories are held dear my heart.

5. To hold someone
responsible
Means that someone is blamed for the
result of something. A person can be held
responsible for a positive outcome or a
negative outcome.
Ex: They decided to hold Jack responsible for
what happened.

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9C
What's Your Favorite
Friend?
VOCABULARY
Look at the pictures and label them with the words in the box.
Do you know what are they for?

scooter - kettle - hairdryer - knife - shaver - sewing machine - tablet

Now complete the following information.

1. A ____________________ is for sewing clothes.

2. A ____________________ is for shaving your face or body.
3. A ____________________ is for boiling water.
4. A ____________________ is for cutting food.
5. A ____________________ is for drying your hair.
6. A ____________________ is for riding.
7. A ____________________ is for watching my videos.

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LISTENING My Favorite Things

Listen and complete the sentences.

1. It’s really _________ and quite ________.

2. I’m always ______________ to friends.
3. She’s a really ____________ and comes up to me.
4. She makes ___________ for a tiny thing.
5. It’s quite _________, but _________
6. _____________ makes me feel so free.
7. I’m studying ______________and love __________ things.
8. And often buy ___________ clothes.
9. ________ is my new hobby.
10. It’s quite an _____________ hobby if you use good ______________.

Match the speaker with the correct activity.

1. SPEAKER A / 2. SPEAKER B / 3. SPEAKER C / 4. SPEAKER D

a. My tablet is my favorite thing.

b. I don’t have problems parking.

c. People may think I’m old-fashioned but I’m not.

d. My favorite thing might sound sinister.

e. My favorite thing is a great company.

f. My favorite thing is an animal.

g. My only problem using it is when the road is slippery.

h. I gather my friends every two or three weeks.

i. I use my sewing machine for customizing clothes.

j. I went to cooking clases.

k. I’m always with it but I’m not allowed at dinner time.

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9C

GRAMMAR Why did You Buy a New Device?

Look at the sentences below.

What do they express?

I bought a new Smart TV (in order) to

watch the Soccer World Cup.
I bought a new Smart TV so that I can
watch the Soccer World Cup.
I bought a new Smart TV for watching
your favorite cartoons.

So it’s posible to express purpose using:

INF________ TO + VERB (BASE FORM)

I bought a new Smart TV (in order) to watch the Soccer World Cup.

SO T _____ SO THAT + A CLAUSE

I bought a new Smart TV so that I can watch the Soccer World Cup.

F ________ FOR + GERUND

I bought a new Smart TV for watching your favorite programs.

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 9C

Complete the sentences below.

1. I talked to the shy girl _____________________ she wouldn’t feel left out.

2. We stopped at the pub to _________________ (have) a drink.

3. My sister is saving money for ______________ (travel) to Europe.

4. I went to Canada to ______________________ (see) my brother.

5. Marina is cooking everyday so that _________ (win) the next chef competition.

Ask your partner the

SPEAKING following questions
What are your favorite
things or activities?

Useful language.

- My favorite thing is______________.

- I have a __________ to__________
- I __________ so that I __________
- I have a ________ for ___________.

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9C

IDIOMS
Second Childhood
A time in a person’s life (especially an
older person) when their mental capacity
is reduced to that of a child, as due to
disease or old age.

After my grandfather suffered his second stroke,

he really entered into a second childhood.

Be like a Child in a
Sweetshop
To be so excited about one’s
surroundings that one acts in a childlike
or silly way.

Liam loves football so much that he’s like a

child in a sweetshop any time he steps into
the stadium.

Have neither Chick

nor Child
To be without children.

The fact the I have neither chick nor child

means I am able to travel wherever I want,
whenever I want.

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 9D

Games your parents

used to play in their
childhood.

Red Light, Green Light

1. To play, one person is chosen to light,” he turns around and players

be the traffic cop. have to stop in their tracks.

2. All the players stand on the 4. If the traffic cop catches a player
starting line and the traffic cop has moving, he sends them back to
his back to the rest of the players. the starting line.
When he says “green light,” players
try to run to the finish line. 5. First person to cross the finish
line wins and becomes the new
3. When the traffic cop says “red traffic cop.

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9D

Tag

Tag is a playground game that usually with their hands. There are
involves two or more players many variations; most forms have
chasing other players in an no teams, scores, or equipment.
attempt to “tag” or touch them,

Hide and Seek

A children’s game in which a group of children hide in secret places

and then one child has to go to look for them.

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 Inspirational Story 9E

Hollie Booth

Hollie Booth is a 13-year-old girl aunt, Kelly Brewster, died in the

who was caught up in the Ariana attack after shielding Hollie from
Grande Manchester Arena terror the blast. Hollie broke her right
attack in 2017. knee and her left foot and leg as
Hollie Booth is a teenager from well as suffering nerve damage
Sheffield. She survived the Ariana which means she cannot walk
Arena bombing in May 2017. Her without wearing a splint.

Hollie auditioned with her dance

What Is Hollie group, RISE, in this weekend’s
Booth Doing on episode.
The youngster performed in a
Britain’s Got wheelchair while wearing T-shirts
Talent? bearing the Manchester Bee.
The rest of the dance group also
incorporated wheelchairs into

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9E

their routine, which was set to a

medley of Ariana Grande songs.
The wheelchairs were borrowed
from the Red Cross.
When she entered the stage, Hollie
said: “It’s always difficult coming to
Manchester. This is the first time
I’ve been anywhere that’s like an
arena, it’s hard.”

Hollie and Kelly pose at Manchester

Arena before the Ariana Grande concert.

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 Review 9F

VOCABULARY
Complete blanks with the words in the box.

definition of (x2) - too good to be true (x2) - routine - shame - hostel (x2)

1. Dinner and a long walk is my _____________ a perfect date.

2. There is something strange, I think her boyfriend is _______.
3. I’ve stayed in the __________ down the road before, and it’s
really nice.
4. What is your ____________ love ?
5. What is your exercise _________?
6. It’s a ____________ that you didn’t get tickets to the concert.
7. If an offer seems ___________________, you have to be careful!
8. Do you know of a good __________ near here to stay this night?

Classify the words into the following categories.

keep sakes - tag along - pigtail - sheet - sofa - pillow -

stick with - tents - castle - fortress - flashbacks

PHRASAL VERBS NOUNS

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9F

GRAMMAR
Complete the blanks with used
to or be used to.

1. I ______________________________ have eggs for breakfast.

2. My brother ______________________ work in a bank.

3. They ___________________________ hearing loud noises because

they live in the city centre.

4. There __________________________ be a bakery in this street.

5. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald ___________ going to Japan every year.

6. I ______________________________ running 15 miles every day.

7. She ____________________________ working with computers.

8. Paul ___________________________ play football.

9. Andrew ________________________ playing video games.

10. You ____________________________ studying English.

11. I ______________________________ a cup of coffee in the morning.

12. Peter ___________________________ a bike, now he has a car.

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 9F

Complete the following sentences using for, to or so (that).

1. I’ve come early __________________ I can talk to you.

a) so b) for c) to

2. Jane talked to the shy girl _____________________

she wouldn’t feel left out.
a) so b)) for c) to

3. We must start early __________________ we don’t get

stuck in the traffic.
a) so that b) for c) to

4. We use altimeters __________________ measure height

above sea level.
a) to b) for c) so

5. We stopped at the pub _______________ have a drink.

a) to b) so c) for

6. I went to the university _______________ an interview

with Professor Fernandez.
a) so b) for c)) to

7. They punished the child ____________________ lying.

a) for b) to c) so

8. We stopped at the pub ___________________ a drink.

a) for b) so c) to

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9F

BIG
PROJECT
MY CHILDHOOD MEMORIES

You are going to choose some childhood memories and organize the
information in a collage.
You have to justify the reason of your choice.

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 Unit 10

I’VE FAILED
OVER AND
OVER AND
OVER AGAIN
IN MY LIFE.
AND THAT IS
WHY I SUCCEED.
—MICHAEL JORDAN

UNIT 10 - WE ARE THE CHAMPIONS

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10A
New York Sports
READING AND LISTENING
1 Listen to track 1, Warren and Antoinette are talking about sports
in New York.

Warren: So, thanks for telling me about the of events for a sports enthusiast in New
ballet and all that kind of stuff, but I’m really York. We’ve got basketball. The Knicks play.
more into sports and things like that. Do you They’re an NBA team. We’ve got baseball.
know of any other things you can do in New The Yankees and the Mets play, and there’s
York? a feud. Yankees fans hate Mets fans and
Antoinette: Oh, absolutely. There are a lot Mets fans hate Yankees fans.
Warren: Right. They have two baseball
teams.
Antoinette: That’s right.
Warren: Wow.
Antoinette: Exciting. We even have a Subway
Series. Well, it used to be a Subway Series
because the teams would play different
stadiums for about a week or so and the
fans would just switch back and forth from
one stadium to the other. But I think they
recently built one stadium for both teams.

221
Warren: Oh. Do you think one team is more Warren: Oh, do they? 10A
popular than the other? Antoinette: Yeah. Madison Square Garden is
Antoinette: I think probably the Yankees, pretty big though, so maybe there’s more than
unfortunately. one arena. I’m not sure. I’ve only been there
Warren: The Yankees. two or three times in my life.
Antoinette: Yeah. My family was a Mets fan Warren: Oh, okay.
and don’t tell anyone else in my family that Antoinette: Well, we also have the US Open, if
I said that. you like tennis.
Warren: Oh, so I guess, they don’t get along Warren: Right.
with each other? Antoinette: Yeah. That’s held in Queens, not
Antoinette: Oh, not at all. on Manhattan.
Warren: Oh well. Well, I’m from Canada. I Warren: Oh, okay. What about the US Tennis
really like hockey. I know that you guys have Open but there’s also the US Gold Open. Is
the Rangers. that in New York as well?
Antoinette: Yeah. We do have the Rangers. Antoinette: In New York? I don’t think the ...is it?
They play at Madison Square Garden, so Warren: I’m not sure.
you could easily find, like, buy tickets to see Antoinette: I don’t think that the US Open for
a game there. That’s the same place where golf is in New York. I think—no, I don’t think
the Knicks play. that’s New York. Yeah. No.
Warren: Oh, they both play at the same Warren: Okay. Have you seen tennis before?
place? Antoinette: Yes, I have. I saw Serena Williams
Antoinette: Yes, they do. play.
Warren: Maybe, I could go to a basketball Warren: Oh, she’s great.
and a hockey game. Antoinette: She is. Yeah. Powerful woman.
Antoinette: You probably could if you stayed Warren: Yeah. I’d like to see her play.
long enough. I think they have different Antoinette: Yeah.
seasons, right?

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10A

2 Choose the correct alternative.

1. Who are the Knicks?

a. A basketball team b. A hockey team c. A baseball team

2. According to the context, the word feud means___________.

a. agreement b. friendship c. quarrel

3. What does the Rangers play?

a. Hockey b. Golf c. Basketball

4. What can you see at the Madison Square Garden?

a. Basketball b. Hockey c. a and b

3 Listen to track 2 and fill in the blanks with the following words.

team sports - pretty boring - keen on - pain - raised - scoring

My Favorite Sport

Aki / Japan
I like rugby. I like watching rugby.
There’s a lot of actions. There are a lot
of nice looking guys, you know, nice
movements, also the pace of the games
goes fast, so a lot of (1)____________,
and I enjoy it.

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 10A
Matthew / England
Well, I was born and (2)_________ in
England so I enjoy English sports cricket
and soccer. I played rugby when I was
young, but I also like things like snooker
as well. If I’m going to play any sport at
all, it’s probably going to be something
like snooker.

Chris / England
I love playing rugby. I can’t do it very
often and usually when I do it I end up
hurt for a week but it’s a good kind of
(3)________, and I like team games
very much, so rugby is a good game to
play for that.

Lindsay / United States

I love to play tennis. I think it’s a really fun
sport but I actually don’t like to watch it.
I think it’s (4)______________ to watch
and I love to watch basketball. I think
it’s so cool to watch the ball go back
and forth. It’s very fast paced, and I love
watching the players dunk, but I hate to
play basketball cause I have really bad
motor-reflexes and I can’t dunk.

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10A

Lori / Canada
I’m not a big sports fan. I have to say
I don’t really enjoy (5)____________ or
organized sports, but for myself I enjoy
swimming, especially in the ocean and
something I can do by myself, like yoga.

Eoin / England
What sports do I like to play? Well, in
terms of exercising, I like to cycle. I’m
not so (6)_______________ competitive
sports anymore though I used to play
soccer—football—quite a lot. In terms
of watching sports, I really like watching
football—soccer.

2 Answer the following questions.

- Who doesn’t like organized sports? ______________

- Who likes cricket, soccer and snooker? ______________
- Who likes rugby? ______________
- Who likes to cycle? ______________
- Who usually finishes hurt for a week? ______________
- Who loves to play tennis but doesn’t like to watch it? ______________

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 10A

VOCABULARY
Write the number in the box that
match the correct definition.

1. raise Moving first in one direction and then in the

opposite one.

2. snooker To take care of a person, or an animal or plant,

until they are completely grown.

3. organized sports The speed at which someone or something

moves.

4. end up In basketball, to score by jumping high enough to

throw the ball through a goal.

5. be keen on To win or get a point, goal, etc. in a competition,

sport game or test.

6. back and forth Pool or billiards.

7. pace Very interested, or wanting something very much.

8. scoring A feeling of physical suffering caused by injury or

illness.

9. dunk To finally be in a particular place or situation.

10. pain Team sports.

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10A

GRAMMAR
A phrasal verb is a verb that is made up of a main verb
together with an adverb or a preposition, or both. Typically,
their meaning is not obvious from the meanings of the
individual words themselves. For example:

He will have to put off the meeting. In this

example, put off means ’to postpone’.

Sandra always looks down on me. In this

example look down means ’to think that
you are better than someone’.

They turned down my offer. In this example

turn down means ’to refuse’.

TRANSITIVITY
1. Phrasal verbs can be intransitive if they don’t have an object and they
are inseparable.
- I don’t like to get up early.
- His car broke down.
- Henry stood up.

2. Phrasal verbs can be transitive if they have an object. If a phrasal verb

is transitive it can either be:

a. SEPARABLE b. INSEPARABLE
Take off: I took my shoes off / Look for: I’m looking for a
I took off my shoes. house.
Put out: The firemen put the Run into: Charles run into his
house fire out / The firemen put English teacher.
out the house fire.

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 10A

GOLDEN RULE
In separable transitive phrasal verbs, if you use an object pronoun (me, you, him, her,
it, us, them), the phrasal verb must be separated going between the verb and the
particle.

- I took them off.

- The firemen put it out.

Match the definitions with the correct phrasal verb.

1. Break down To recover from sickness.

2. Take off To invent a story or a lie.
3. Put out To hope to get something you want.
4. Look for To investigate.
5. Run into To remove clothing.
6. Look into To discuss.
7. Get over To stop working.
8. Make up To put clothing on the body.
9. Talk over To meet.
10. Put on To extinguish.

PRONUNCIATION FILE
s and th sounds
Repeat the following words.

1. closing - clothing 6. she’s - sheathe

2. tease - teeth 7. lies - lithe
3. sues - soothe 8. mass - math
4. bays - bathe 9. sigh - thigh
5. lows - loathe 10. face - faith

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10B
Sports
VOCABULARY
1 Fill in the blanks with the correct words.

feud held switch back and forth

all that kind of stuff absolutely

1. Vanessa loves art and ___________________________________.

2. Are you coming to the concert, aren’t you? __________________.
3. Trilce’s party will be ________ at the Marriott Hotel.
4. Real Madrid and Barcelona F.C. has a serious _______________.
5. Kids love to ______________ between their favorite TV channels.

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 10B

GRAMMAR

Phrasal Verbs 2
In these phrasal verbs you will find three parts.

- Get along with: To have a good relationship with.

- Get rid of: To eliminate.
- Look forward to: To expect something anxiously.
- Put up with: To tolerate.
- Come up with: To contribute (suggestion
or money).
- Get through with: To finish.

Complete the sentences with the correct phrasal verb.

1. When will you ____________ with the project?

2. I always _________________ celebrating Christmas.
3. Zoe is my best friend, we ____________ since we where
in primary school.
4. I need to ____________ my old clothes.
5. The new teacher has to __________ this naughty student.
6. Yesterday, my mom _____________ a great idea.

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10C
Football and Money
LISTENING & SPEAKING
Listen to track 3 and complete the blanks with the words in the box.

overpaid - athletes - in advance - booked up - support

Todd: Sarah, so what sports do you like? Sarah: Ah, no, I was going to watch it tonight,
Sarah: My favorite spectator sport is football. actually, in Shibuya. But I’m thinking—maybe
I (1)________________ Newcastle United in not now, because we lost on penalties.
England. Todd: Yeah, what was the score?
Todd: Newcastle United. Sarah: Ah, the final score was 2 all (2-2) and
Sarah: Newcastle United, yeah. then it went to penalties and I think it was 6-4.
Todd: Are they a good team? So England always lose on penalties.
Sarah: Um, yeah, I think they’re pretty good. Todd: They always lose on penalties?
They finished fifth in the Premiership this year, Sarah: Yeah.
so they’re near the top. Todd: Well, sorry. Maybe in the World Cup,
Todd: OK, so right now we have the EuroCup. next time.
And last night England played. Sarah: Maybe. Maybe. Yeah.
Sarah: They did? Todd: Now do you ever play football?
Todd: Yeah, did you see the game? Sarah: No, I’ve never played.

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 10C

Todd: Never. watch it at home? Do you go to a pub?

Sarah: Never played, no. Sarah: Ah, it depends on the game. I like
Todd: OK. Do you ever go and watch games it and I like Premiership football, and I like
in Newcastle? World Cup football and Euro 2000 but I
Sarah: Um, it’s very difficult to watch games wouldn’t watch particularly a first division
in Newcastle, because it’s a big club and game on the television, but normally I would
it’s Premiership and you have to book go to the pub with friends and watch the
(2)__________________ quite a few years game.
but I’ve seen some first division football Todd: Do you think that (4)___________
clubs play against each other. make to much money?
Todd: You have to get tickets two years in Sarah: I think footballers do. Yeah, I think
advance? they do. I think they do a good job but I think
Sarah: For the big clubs, yeah. They’re they’re incredibly (5)___________________.
(3)__________________. Todd: Yeah, I think it is the same thing in the
Todd: That’s pretty intense. So when there’s states. I think they make too much money.
a game on TV then what do you do? Do you

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10C
SPEAKING
1 Discuss with your classmate.

1. What is your favorite sport to 3. Do you prefer individual

watch? Explain the reason sports or collective ones?
of your choice. Why?

2. What is your favorite sport 4. Do you think athletes are

to play? Explain the reason overpaid? Why?
of your choice.

USEFUL LANGUAGE
My favorite sport to watch is __________
because the game goes fast/the players dunk/
it is exciting/it is entertaining/etc.

My favorite sport to play is _________________

because____________.

I prefer ___________ sports because I consider

myself shy/sociable/extroverted ______ person.

In my opinion, soccer players are __________.

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 10C

VOCABULARY Words that

often
appear
COLLOCATIONS Money together.

• Number the correct definition

of the following collocations.

1. Pocket money Money that you get without working

hard.
2. Hard-earned money A lot of money.
3. Hush/protection money Stolen money.
4. Big money Money that is earned or achieved
after a lot of effort.
5. Easy money Money that is paid so that someone
will not tell other people about
embarrasing or illegal behavior.
6. Counterfeit money Spending money.
7. Dirty money Fake money.

• Complete the blanks with the correct collocation above.

1. We don’t want your ________________, what you did was a crime.
2. Carter make ________________ last year in his own business. He
feels really pleased with it.
3. Sandro was arrested for using _______________.
4. My father didn’t want to pay ________________ to the gangs in
the neighborhood.
5. We can not buy it, we don’t have ___________________________.
6. My sister spent all her ______________ in her new apartment. She
worked a lot for ten years.
7. Many people like ______________ because they don’t like to work.

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10C

IDIOMS
1. Money talks
NO
People who are rich have a lot of money +
and influence.

Ex.: He got the job because his father

= YES
works there. I guess money talks.

2. Money to burn
To have a lot of money to spend in things
that are not necessary.

Ex.: They buy a new car every year.

They must have money to burn.

3. Put your money where

your mouth is
To follow up on words your actions.

Ex.: If people are really interested in helping

poor children, they should put their money
where their mouth is.

4. As poor as church mice

To be very poor.

Ex.: When we first got married we

were as poor as a church mice.

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 Review 10D

I VOCABULARY

A Choose the correct alternative.

get along with - all that - feud - absolutely - back and forth - held

1. You are ____________ crazy to think that.

2. I do not ____________ my brother.
3. I am not into ____________ kind of stuff.
4. The game will be ____________ in March.
5. Many fans like both teams and switch ____________.
6. Real Madrid and Barcelona have a big ___________.

B Match the words with its definitions. Write the correct number in
the box.

1. All that kind of stuff Refers to where and when

something takes place.
2. Absolutely Rivalry or argument.
3. Switch back and forth Things that are similar to each other.
4. Hold Yes.
5. Feud Alternate between two things.

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10D
C Write sentences using collocations about money (Lesson 3).

1. ______________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________

3. ______________________________________________________

4. ______________________________________________________

5. ______________________________________________________

6. ______________________________________________________

7. ______________________________________________________

II GRAMMAR

A Complete the sentences with the phrasal verbs of Unit 10.

1. My best friend had the flu and she didn’t come to school until she __________.

2. My hands are cold so I’ll ________ my gloves _________.

3. In one hour you have to ____________ all your homework.

4. Since the first moment I always _______________ Carito. We are best friends.

5. I know you are disappointed but we need to ____________ it ____________.

6. If I ______________ my coat, where can I put it?

7. The fire started in the kitchen but fortunately the firemen could ______ it _____.

8. Carol is a creative person, she __________________ a great idea in the last

meeting.

9. I was walking around Kennedy Park when I ___________ Carlos Alcantara, I

asked him for a selfie.

10. All kids are ______________________ having vacations. They are really tired.

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 10D
READING
Rugby and Mandela

Rugby is an incredibly rough and potentially to the game. The country’s most well-
exhausting game where players wear known rugby team was the Springboks
no protective gear and take no time-outs which was filled with big, strong whites.
except for injuries. Fifteen players make Black South Africans played soccer, not
up a team. Eight are forwards; seven are rugby, so they did not understand the
backs. Mostly large and powerful young sport. Nor did they care about it.
men play on teams which brutalize each
other for two forty-minute halves. Players President Mandela had the idea of using
get one break for ten minutes between sport for the purpose of nation-building
each half. and promoting all the ideas which will lead
to peace and stability in the country, under
In South Africa, before 1995, rugby meant the slogan ”One Team, One Country”.
one thing to whites and another thing to This was just a year after the black leader
blacks. Whites were passionately devoted had been elected president. Mandela

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10D
embraced Pienaar, the blond captain of a that the stirring moment of victory could
traditionally white team; a team that had serve as a symbol of a united country, as
been the personification of apartheid, dramatized in the 2009 movie Invictus,
bringing sports and the future of South starring Morgan Freeman and Matt
Africa together. Mandela rightly assumed Damon.

Choose the correct alternative.

1. Rugby is a/an ___________________________.

a. exhausting sport b. easy sport

c. difficult sport d. a and c

2. Mandela wanted to ______________________.

a. play rugby b. unify the country

c. promote peace d. b and c

3. Before 1995, white men played _________ and black

men played _______________.

a. soccer/rugby b. rugby/soccer

c. football/soccer d. baseball/soccer

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 Writing Tips 10E

Draft
1. Which is your favorite sport to practice?

2. Do you prefer individual sports or team sports?

3. Which is your favorite sport to see?

4. Do yo have any favorite sport team? Which one? Explain.

5. Who is your favorite athlete? What do you know about him/her.

Final Version
The newspaper of Trilce School is organizing a contest
and the winner is going to be part of the newspaper
staff. Submit your article about your favorite sport and
be part of our team. Don’t miss this opportunity.

(You can use your ideas from your draft. You have to
write 150 words).

240
 Unit 11

BELIEVE IN
YOURSELF AND
ALL THATYOU ARE.
KNOW THAT THERE
IS SOMETHING
INSIDE YOU THAT
IS GREATER THAN
ANY OBSTACLE.
—CHRISTIAN D. LARSON

UNIT 11 - ANIMALS ROCK

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11A
Unusual Animals

The Man Who Can Survive Anywhere

Armed with little more than a hunting different way. Definitely, the life of someone
knife and a cooking pot, Ray Mears can who passes through this experience will
survive anywhere. He loves nothing never be the same. People develop a
more than spending days, weeks or even greater awareness of nature returning to
months alone in the wild, and he will talk the cities with a different vision of life.
passionately about any aspect of the
natural world, from his favorite trees to These courses take participants to
endangered species of animals. experience tribal life with the native people
of Namibia, or to shiver through an Arctic
Mears gives courses about survival skills survival course in Lapland. Mears even
to people of all ages. More than survival take groups to visit a highly-protected
skills, he tried to show people how to nature reserve in Canada to watch bear
reconnect with nature, how to see it in a cubs being born and raised.

242
 11A

There are lots of simple survival tips, like is attracted away from the land to an
it’s often better to avoid anything which easy life through technology. But Mears
is green. More energy is used up eating is not against the latest technological
it than you get out of it. “Roots are best developments and is well aware of the
because you need carbohydrates”. benefits. He has just hired an internet
consultancy firm to design a website which
All around the world cultures are losing will give people access to his knowledge.
ancient skills as the latest generation

GRAMMAR
Look at the following examples.

…someone who passes

I love nothing more than through this experience
spending days in the wild. will never be the same.

Ray
Mears

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11A

When do we use nothing, anywhere and someone?

In this lesson we are going to learn about the

uses of these words that are called
INDEFINITE PRONOUNS.

We use indefinite pronouns to refer to people,

things or places without saying exactly who,
what or where they are. We use pronouns
ending in -body or -one for people, pronouns
ending in -thing for things and pronouns
ending in -where for places.

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NEGATIVE
Negative sentences can only be formed with
the indefinite pronouns that include any.
• I don’t have anything to eat.
• She didn’t go anywhere last week.
• I can’t find anyone to come with me.
Many negative sentences that include an
indefinite pronoun with any can be turned into
affirmative sentences with a negative meaning
by using an indefinite pronoun with no.
Ex.:
- I don’t know anything. - I know nothing.
- She didn’t go anywhere. - She went nowhere.

AFFIRMATIVE
In affirmative sentences, indefinite pronouns
using some are used to describe an indefinite
quantity, the indefinite pronouns with every
are used to describe a complete quantity, and
the pronouns with no are used to describe an QUESTIONS
absence. Indefinite pronouns with no are often Any and every are used for real
used in affirmative sentences with a negative questions. Some can also be used
meaning. Ex.: for questions when you suspect the
• Everyone is sleeping in my bed. answer or when you are offering or
• Someone is sleeping in my bed. asking for something. Ex.:
• No one is sleeping in my bed. • Did you go anywhere yesterday?
• I gave everything to Sally. • Is everybody here?
• He saw something in the garden. • Would you like something to drink?
• There is nothing to eat. • Could somebody help me?
• I looked everywhere for my keys.
• Keith is looking for somewhere to live.
• There is nowhere as beautiful as Paris.
Any and the indefinite pronouns formed with it
can also be used in affirmative sentences with
a meaning that is close to every: whichever
Don’t forget
person, whichever place, whichever thing, etc. We use a singular verb after an
• They can choose anything from the menu. indefinite pronoun:
• You may invite anybody you want to your Everybody loves Sally.
birthday party. Everything was ready for the party.
• The man who can survive anywhere.

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VOCABULARY
1 Match the words with its definition.

1. Awareness A young animal.

2. Endangered The fact of a person, organization, etc.
continuing to live or exist.
3. Pot To take care of a person, animal or plant,
until they are completely grown.
4. Avoid The information about a subject that you
get by experience or study.
5. Hire A container specially using for cooking.
6. Knowledge The understanding of a situation.
7. Survival In danger of being harmed.
8. Cub Prevent something from happening.
9. Raise To employ someone.

2 Classify the words in the following categories.

cub - raise - awareness - endangered - avoid - survival - knowledge - pot - develop - hire

NOUNS ADJECTIVES VERBS

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 Unusual Encounters 11B

READING AND LISTENING

1 Listen to track 1 and complete the blanks with the words below.

peaceful - split - beating - bottom of - close - keep calm - towards

Ocean Encounters

Mark: So Sorie, talking about ocean sports fishing, I decided to go for a swim. And I
and being on the ocean, maybe you swam, and I could see all the way to the
could talk about your ocean swimming (2)_________ _________ the ocean. And
experience in Ogasawara. I see this fish but they’re actually not fish,
Sorie: Yeah, I love swimming, you know. they were sharks. They were white-tipped
It’s so (1)________________ to be there in sharks.
the ocean. And the ocean in Ogasawara Mark: Wow.
was very clear and you could see so many Sorie: There were four of them at the
fishes and I’d love to go swimming and bottom of the ocean. And I just remember
immersed in the ocean. It was like another that one thing you have to do is to
world. It was very beautiful. But there was (3)____________. So I did that. I swam out.
one time—oh, that time. I told my friends, “There are four sharks
Mark: What happened? down there, so get me out of here.” So
Sorie: My friends had come to visit and so, they got me out of there but my heart was
we went fishing. But before they started (4)____________ so fast. I was so scared.

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Mark: Were they dangerous? Those Mark: Yeah, we were quite far out from the
sharks? beach and we did split, didn’t we?
Sorie: Well, they’re not dangerous. They Sorie: And then what happened?
might be able to like bite a finger off but Mark: I went that way and you went that
I didn’t want that to happen either. So as way. And just guess which way it went?
soon as I saw them, I came out of the Sorie: My way.
place. Yeah, but that was so scary. Mark: And it just chased you all the way
Mark: Wow. Oh as far, it sounds beautiful into the sea, into the beach.
and amazing and dangerous all the same Sorie: That’s right. So I was swimming really
time. quickly. Like trying to get out of the beach
Sorie: That’s right. So, Mark, what about and it was very (7)__________ to me. And
you? Do you have any encounters with I thought it would bite my toes. But it didn’t
fish? do anything. But I can’t forget that time that
Mark: With fish? Well, I remember fish... a small fish got me out of the ocean.
don’t you remember when we saw it Mark: It was so weird, isn’t it, like, fish don’t
together? We were swimming in that do that.
beach called Kominato, and we swam Sorie: They don’t. And it was the only fish,
out around those rocks where we always like there were no other fish around.
went. How am I looking a pair of snorkels Mark: Strange.
on it, so peaceful and pretty and like just Sorie: Mysterious.
tranquil and I’m looking at all the fish. And
then suddenly, that freaky fish, it started
staring at us. Do you remember that?
Sorie: Yeah, with huge eyes.
Mark: Huge eyes, and then he started
coming (5)______________ us.
Sorie: That’s right. So, in the middle of
the ocean, we decided, okay, let’s just
(6)________________.
Mark: We were swimming away from it
and it was swimming after us, this little fish.
Sorie: It was very small. It was like 30
centimeters long but it looked really scary.

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2 Answer the following questions.

1. What did Sorie do before she went fishing?

2. When she saw them, what did she do first?
3. What happened to Mark in Kominato beach?
4. What animal swam towards them?
5. What got Sorie out of the ocean?

Listen to track 2 and answer the following questions.

1. Who used to live in Ecuador?

__________________________________________

2. What is the Galapagos?

__________________________________________

3. Why is the Galapagos island famous?

__________________________________________

4. How are the biggest turtles in the world called?

__________________________________________

5. Who was Darwin?

__________________________________________

6. What did Darwin come up with?

__________________________________________

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VOCABULARY
1 Look in a dictionary for the meaning of the following words, don’t
forget to mention the category of the word.

bottom encounter
split clue
stare giant
snorkel come up with
beat

2 Complete the blanks with the words above.

1. His heart stop _____________ for some seconds.

2. Can you give me a ________ about what the secret is?
3. That man was walking behind us, hurry up! Let’s ______________.
4. It is said that in Marcahuasi people have close________with UFOs.
5. You need a ________ if you want to swim in this part of the ocean.
6. I was scared because that cat _________ at me and chased me all
the way to my house.
7. Flemming _______________ with a great discovery that has been
saving many lives.
8. The _________ of the fairy tales was the hero at the end.
9. The water in the sea was so clear that you can see the _________.

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GRAMMAR
Prepositions of place and movement

In the corner or at the corner?

Which one is correct?

- She’s in the corner of the room.
- There is a bus stop on/at the
corner of the street.

The three are correct but it depends if

the corner is at the street or in a room.

A preposition of place is a preposition which is used to refer

to a place where something or someone is located. There are
only three prepositions of place.

1. At a point
At tells us that the following noun is located at a specific
point or location. It shows an exact position. Ex.:
- She’s waiting at the entrance.
- He’s sitting on his chair at his desk.
- I work at a bank.

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2. In an enclosed space
In tells us the noun is in an enclosed space (surround
or closed off on all sides). Basically, when something
is inside something. Ex.:
- In a box.
- In a room.
- In a country.

3. On a surface
On tells us that the following noun is located on a
surface. Use on when one thing is attached to or
touching something. Ex.:
- On the table.
- On the floor.
- On the chair.

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English Usage Example

- room, building, street, town, - in the kitchen, in London

country
- book, paper, etc. - in the book, in the newspaper
in - car, taxi - in the car, in a taxi
- picture, world - in the picture, in the world, in
a mirror

- meaning next to, by an object - at the door, at the station

- specific parts of something - at the top/bottom of the page
- for table - at the table
- for events - at a concert, at the party
at - place where you are to do - at the cinema, at school, at
something typical (watch a film, work
study, work)

- attached - the picture on the wall

- being on a surface - on the table, on a page, on an
- for a certain side (left, right) island
on - for a floor in a house - on the left
- for public transport - on the first floor
- for television, radio - on the bus, on a plane
- on TV, on the radio

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Complete the blanks with the correct preposition.

1. We live _________ London.

2. Would you like to go _____ the cinema tonight?

3. No, thanks. I was ______ the cinema yesterday.

4. We are going ______ holiday next week.

5. ____ my wall, there are many picture postcards.

6. Who is the person ________ this picture?

7. We spent a quiet evening ______ home.

8. I’m growing tomatoes _____ my garden.

9. Marie was born ________ Paris, France.

10. I was so tired that I took a nap _____ the car.

11. Please, place the bouquet _______ the table.

12. I really wish you would stop throwing your dirty clothes

______ the floor.

I swam out of the ocean!

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What kind of words are out of ?

They are prepositions that are used

to show movement from one place to
another. These prepositions are most
often used with verbs of motion and are
found after the verb.

Sally is running towards The sheep jumped over the The goldfish jumped out of
her dad. fence. water.

Carlitos jumped into the The cat jumped onto The tiger jumped through
pool. the desk. the ring.

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SCHOOL

Roby walks past the school. Santiago walked across I took the egg off the
the street. frying pan.

Sara ran around the track. Andre walked up the Flavio rides down the hill.
mountain.

Choose the correct preposition.

1. We walked __________ to the top of the mountain and then we cycled

_________ to the bottom again.

a. above/under b. over/below c. up/down

2. We both jumped _________ the swimming pool at the same time.

a. onto b. in c. into

3. On my next vacation my family and I will drive ______ the jungle of Peru.

a. across b. down c. over

4. The athletes ran _________ the track for 1 hour.

a. down b. off c. around

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5. The first person to swim ___________ the English Channel was Matthew

Webb, in 1875.

a. across b. along c. around

6. Magellan was a Portuguese sailor who sailed _______ the world in the

16th century.

a. around b. up c. off

7. He was skiing the hill ______ when he had the accident.

a. into b. onto c. down

8. If you are afraid of heights don’t look when you are climbing ______ the

mountain.

a. up b. into c. down

9. The teacher walked _____ the class, so we stopped talking and sat down.

a. on b. through c. into

10. Our class walked _______ a beautiful forest.

a. on b. through c. off

PRONUNCIATION FILE
J AND Y SOUNDS

1. Jew – you 5. jewel – yule 9. Jess – yes

2. jet – yet 6. jail – Yale 10. jeer – year

3. jam – yam 7. jello – yellow

4. John – yawn 8. jarred – yard

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11C
Wallaby
Listening
1 Listen to track 3 about Hawaii and complete the blanks.

a. I think Hawaii is famous for its ____________ ____________.

b. …so we have a lot of ____________________.

c. …some beaches have _________ _________, some beaches

have ________ ________ and you can choose.

d. Wallabies, they’re those little mammals from _______________.

e. They look like _________ I think.

f. We have nice ________________ ________________.

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 11C
READING
LEAFY SEA DRAGONS

Sea dragons are some of the most spectacular olive-tinted appendages.

ornately camouflaged creatures on the
planet. Leafies give themselves near-perfect
camouflage in seaweed. But the leaf-like
Live in the waters of south and east structures are not used for swimming. To
Australia, leafy sea dragons are closely move, this species uses two fins—one
related to seahorses. Leafies are generally pectoral and one dorsal—that are so thin
brown to yellow in body color with they are almost transparent.

THE STONEFISH

The stonefish is the most venomous of all fish. Along its back on 13 large spines, each
spine and has a pair of venomous sacs attached to it.

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11C
Any light pressure on the spine will Stonefish are usually lying around on the
cause the sacs eject their venom. The sea floor around tropical reefs. Because
neurotoxic venom causes extreme pain of its good camouflage and defensive
to humans. Other possible reactions are mechanisms, the fish is rarely afraid of
severe shock, heart failure and infection. any sort of danger and stays where it is
Wounds obtained by touching a stonefish when larger animals approach. This can
won’t heal for months. There is an anti- cause trouble for unsuspecting humans
venom available and scalding hot water who may stumble upon them (this
also helps to stop the venom’s activity. happens quite frequently inAustralia).
Always watch where you’re walking on
the sea floor!
JELLYFISH

Jellyfish have drifted along on ocean Jellyfish stings can be painful to humans
currents for millions of years, even before and sometimes very dangerous. But
dinosaurs lived on the Earth. But despite jellyfish don’t purposely attack humans.
their name, jellyfish aren’t actually fish— Most stings occur when people
they’re invertebrates, or animals with no accidentally touch a jellyfish, but if the
backbones. sting is from a dangerous species, it can
be deadly.
Jellyfish have tiny stinging cells in their
tentacles to stun or paralyze their prey Jellyfish digest their food very quickly.
before they eat them. Inside their bell- They wouldn’t be able to float if they had
shaped body is an opening that is its to carry a large, undigested meal around.
mouth. They eat and discard waste from
this opening.

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SPEAKING

With your classmate discuss the following questions about

the animals above.

1. Have you ever heard of these three amazing creatures? If your

answer is yes, which one did you know about?
2. Which of the creatures do you consider more interesting? Why?
3. Now, it’s your turn. With your classmate make up a strange creature
from the ocean, use your imagination and the vocabulary learned
in the lesson. Share with your classmates.

Have you heard of the leafy In my opinion,

sea dragon? the stone fish is
amazing and at
the same time
dangerous.

1. I have never heard of the ____________________________________________________

____________________ but I’ve never heard of the______________________________

___________________________________________.

2. I considered the ________________ because of its ability to _______________________

_____________.

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11C

3. I am going to talk about the _____________. This animal lives in the _________________

________________________________________________________________________.

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________.

USEFUL LANGUAGE
…because its ability to camouflage.

…because it’s a beautiful animal.

…because it’s an old animal that

survived the dinosaurs.

…because of the venom that causes

extreme pain.

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VOCABULARY
1 Match column A with column B.

A 1. The way that the colour or shape of an animal

or plant appears to mix with its natural
Ornate
B
environment to prevent it from being seen by
attackers.
2. The line of bones down the centre of the back
that provides support for the body. Backbone
3. To cause small but painful injury usually with Heal
poison.
4. A green, brown, or dark red plant that grows Camouflage
in the sea or on land very close to the sea.
5. Poisonous. Venomous
6. To have a lot of complicated decoration. Sting
7. A thin part of a fish that helps it swimming. Seaweed
8. A damaged area of the body, such as a cut or Scald
hole in the skin or flesh.
9. To burn the skin with boiling liquid. Wound
10. To make or become well again, especially Fin
after a cut or other injury.

2 Use the words from the box to complete the sentences.

ornate - backbone - healing - camouflage - venomous - stung (sting) - seaweed - scald - wounds - fins

1. Juan is a military, he always wears special clothes that acts as ___________ in

his trainings.
2. Too ________ and pompous for me, I prefer something simpler.
3. Paola has problems in her _____________. She needs some physical therapy.
4. I drop a cup of hot coffee and __________ my leg.
5. Her _________ were gradually _______________.
6. The anaconda is not a ________ snake, it’s a constrictor.
7. The leafy sea dragon looks like _____________________.
8. The leafy sea dragon has transparent _______________.
9. I got ___________ by a bee yesterday.

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IDIOMS
1. Look like a saddle on
a sow
To look ridiculous and out of place.
Ex.: Poor thing! In her new school she
looks like a saddle on a sow.

2. To look kindly on
somebody or something
To have a good opinion of someone or
something.
Ex.: She hopes her boyfriend’s family looks
kindly on her.

3. To look like a drowned

rat
To be very wet especially because you
have been in heavy rain.

Ex.: I traveled to Iquitos and suddenly it started

raining. In a minute I looked like a drowned rat.

4. To look like something

the cat brought in
What do you think this idiom means?
a. To have a new cat at home.
b. That your cat died and you are so sad.
c. To look exhausted, untidy and dirty.

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 Review 11D

GRAMMAR Lessons 1, 2 and 3

1 Complete the sentences using the correct preposition of movement.

a. The boy looked left and right, and then he walked ______________ the road.
b. Get _________ the house and get _________ the car! It’s time to go to school.
c. It was so hot that we jumped __________ the lake with our clothes on!
d. I’m not going to walk __________ the stairs to the 10th floor!
e. She walked _________ the room without saying goodbye to anyone.
f. The cat climbed __________ the tree, but it couldn’t climb __________ again.
g. The little boy fell _________ the tree and broke his leg.
h. I looked ___________ the window and saw him.
i. The mother got _________ the car, but she didn’t put on her seatbelt.
j. She took off her seatbelt and got __________ the car.
k. He walked right _________ me and pretended that he didn’t see me.
l. He run and jumped _________ the little table without touching it.

2 Complete the sentences using the correct preposition of place.

1. He is swimming _______ the river.

2. The plant is __________ the table.
3. Frank is_______ holiday for three weeks.
4. I read the story _______ the newspaper.
5. Lucy was standing _______ the bus stop.
6 Write your name _______ the bottom of the page.
7. Sara hung a picture _________ the wall.
8. There is nothing _______ TV tonight.
9. I’ll stay _______ home all weekend.
10. When I called Jair, he was _______ the bus.

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3 Complete the sentences using an indefinite pronoun.

1. Did you go _________ last night?

2. I have _______ to do. I’m bored.
3. This is a small town, there is ______ to have lunch.
4. There is _________ on the phone calling you.
5. I need a partner for the party, do you know ______ that can go
with me?
6. Would you like ________ to eat. You worked all day.
7. Can you look for ______ to help me?
8. _________ is knocking at the door, why don’t you open?
9. _________ knows he is the robber, but _______ dares to say it.
10. I lost my keys. I looked for them ________ but found _________.

VOCABULARY
1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

stares - split - close - came up with - encounter - clue - beating - bottom of - keep calm

1. If you heart is _________ too fast, see a doctor.

2. We always ___________ traffic on Horizonte’s Avenue.
3. There is one cookie at the ________ the jar.
4. Barranco is ___________ to Chorrillos.
5. In case of an earthquake, you have to _____________.
6. The movie was boring so I _________ after 20 minutes.
7. My brother is very creative, he finally ________ with a big idea.
8. I don’t like that guy, he always _____________ at me.
9. I need one more ___________ to solve the mystery.

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2 Complete the sentences with the correct idiom.

look like a saddle on a sow look kindly on him

look like a drowned rat look like something the cat brought in

1. Gabriela forgot her umbrella so she __________________________.

2. Ashley worked together with Julian. He is very responsible, so she

________________.
3. Today Paula finished with her last exam. All the week she slept 3 or 4

hours per day, she ________________________________________.

4. Angelina is new in this school, she ___________________________.

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11E
Writing Tips
Create my odd
creature

You have to create a strange animal.

Using your creativity, find an original
name, describe it, mention its abilities
and where you can find it and introduce
it to the scientific community.

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 11E

Complete the mind map to help you organize your ideas.

Physical
Characteristics

Where can you

find it?

Strange animal
“ __________”

Introduce your
animal and its
name

What abilities does

this animal have?

Now write all the information you have in a text and draw a picture.
Don’t forget to present it in three short paragraphs (introduction,
body and conclusion).

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 Unit 12

SCHOOL IS
A BUILDING
WHICH HAS
FOUR WALLS
WITH
TOMORROW
INSIDE.
—LON WATTERS

UNIT 12 - CELEBRATE LIFE

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12A
Let’s Celebrate
READING
Kat / Germany

In my home country, Germany, I think of snow and an amazing atmosphere.

the best holiday is Christmas. Christmas My mom makes cookies, and we have
season is amazing. We have many lots of friends and family over to our
markets especially for Christmas. house, so it’s a wonderful time.
Christmas time normally comes with a lot

Phoebe / China

What is your country’s best holiday? I together, and the children can get their
think in China the best holiday should be red pack with the money put in, so
the spring festival. It is the main festival everybody likes that holiday.
in China, and the families always get

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 12A

Isma / Indonesia

My country’s best holiday, I think, would holiday on it, maybe around two weeks
be the Ramadan month, just because it is or something. So, the Ramadan month
the holy month and everybody is usually would be the best holiday for me.
pretty nice, and usually have a longer

Antoinette / United States

I’m from the U.S., so I would say the best the overeating, but I do like the fact that
holiday would be maybe Thanksgiving, families get together and talk about
although there are some aspects of reasons why they’re thankful for being
that holiday that I don’t like. I don’t like together and for having family.

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12A

Rese / Botswana

My country’s best holiday would have make traditional meals and you see your
to be the Christmas-New Year period, friends. There’s a lot of stuff going on in
because that’s the time when your family the village and other places, as well as
gets together and you cook and you the city.

Tony / Mozambique

I’ll say the best holidays are Independence our freedom. And Christmas, that’s when
Day and Christmas. Independence Day, family get together to celebrate.
it’s because that’s where we achieved

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 12A

Read and complete the chart with the correct information. Follow the
example.

Information Holiday/country Name

It lasts thirty days. Ramadan Isma
On this day you remember the reasons
you’re grateful in your life.
On this holiday we remember when my
country got freedom.
Children get money inside a red bag.
People sell and buy everything related
to this holiday.
Period of two holidays which family
gathers and cooks special meals.

LISTENING Track 1

You will listen to an interview made to Matt about his favorite holiday. Give
a check to the correct picture.

1 What is Matt’s favorite holiday?

Independence

day

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12A

2 Where is he from?

3 When Canadians celebrate Thanksgiving?

4 Which is NOT a reason for Matt to like this holiday?

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 12A

5 According to Rachel, what might be the origin of the Canadian

Thanksgiving?

VOCABULARY
Match the words with their correct definition.

1. Other foods that are usually served with the a. Holy

main dish of a meal.
2. Very religious or pure. b. Neighbor
3. The time of the year of cutting and collecting c. Trimmings
crops from the fields.
4. To have someone or something as the main d. Harvest
or most important interest or subject.
5. Someone who lives near you. e. Meal
6. An occasion when food is eaten. f. Revolve around

Complete the sentences with the correct word.

My favorite _________ of the day is breakfast.

The ____________ are the side dishes that go with the main dish.
Everything about New Year’s __________ the clock striking twelve.
Because of the flood there was a poor _____________________.
We invited our ____________________ to come and eat with us.
Easter week is a __________________ week.

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12A

Label the pictures with the words in the box.

Christmas Day - Valentine’s Day - Labour Day -

International Women’s Day - All Fool’s Day

MA RC H

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 12A
GRAMMAR
When do we celebrate…?

Read the texts about

celebrations.
Can you mention the
celebrations?
Can you identify the
words in bold? What
are they?

On April 1st is a day for practical jokes in many

countries around the world. The simplest jokes
may involve children who tell each other that
their shoelaces are undone and then cry out.

Christmas is an annual festival celebrated

in remembrance of the birth of Jesus Christ.
It is celebrated on December 25th as a major
Christian Festival. In some places, Christmas
is also celebrated by Non-Christians like the
Hindus, the Muslims and people of other faiths.

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12A

International Women’s Day is celebrated on

March 8th every year. On this day, people
celebrate “womanhood”, commemorating the
inspiring role of a woman in our life. An event
which started with a political flavour to secure
the rights of women has evolved over the years
and is now a celebration of women’s struggle
and fight for independence and liberalisation.
Each country celebrates the day with a touch of
‘culture’ to express their love and honour for the
role of women in people’s lives.

Labour’s Day is an International Day celebrated

worldwide in different countries. In some
countries it is celebrated in May, exactly on
May 1st and in some others like the U.S. on the
first Monday in September. It commemorates
the hard work of labours in the organisations,
factories, sites, companies, etc. This celebration
was originated in the 19th century (in 1894) after a
strike and death of 13 workers in Chicago.

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On Valentine’s day people remember their love

to people. It is celebrated in several countries
throughout the world, including Peru, Mexico,
France, England, Australia, and of course the
United States. The day began to rise in popularity
in the 17th century, where it was not uncommon
for friends to exchange little gifts and notes of
affection. The first Valentine’s Day card was
believed to be sold in 1840 by Esther Howland,
also known as the Mother of the Valentine, and
today it is estimated that over 1 billion Valentine’s
Day cards are sent each year.

So whether you’re celebrating this V-day with

your *bae, your *bff, or your couch and Netflix,
take comfort in the fact that this holiday is
actually historically rooted in something worth
celebrating: love.

*bae: someone you

love; a boyfriend or
girlfriend.

*bff: abreviation for

best friend forever; a
way of referring to a
person’s best friend.

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12A
Prepositions of time

In - on - at allows us to specify time period such as a date, one of the days

of the week, or the actual time something takes place.

IN + months - It is celebrated in May.

- My best holidays are in December.

IN + years - The first Valentine card was sent in 1840.

- Labour’s Day was originated in 1894.

IN + the century - Valentine’s Day became popular in the

17th century.
- My best holidays are in December.

IN + the decade - The best music I ever heard was made

in the 1980s.
- Those buildings were built in the 1930s.

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 12A

IN + season - Christmas takes place in Peru in summer.

IN + time period - The harvest will start in three months.

IN + part of the day - The celebration starts in the morning.

- Food is served in the afternoon.

ON + days - Mother’s Day is celebrated on Sunday.

- The teacher’s birthday is on Friday.

ON + dates - Brazilians celebrate Valentine’s Day on

June 12th.
- Our school anniversary is on
November 15th.

ON + day + part of - My party will be on Friday afternoon.

the day

AT + specific time - Fireworks starts at 10:00.

- On Christmas’ Eve people hug each
other at midnight.

AT + holiday period - At Christmas people remember Jesus’

love.
- Children eat a lot of chocolate at Easter.

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Something to take into account

On Christmas Day: Because it is

a specific date.
At the moment: In the moment.
On weekend: American English.
At weekend: British English.

Complete with the correct preposition of time.

a. _________ my birthday f. _________ the weekend
b. _________ Tuesday g. _________ September
c. _________ Easter Monday h. _________ Winter
d. _________ the end of the week i. _________ Christmas
e. _________ 12 o’clock j. _________ Christmas day

VOCABULARY Parties and celebrations

Match the word with its definition.

slumber party - sip and see party - housewarming - fancy dress party - bachelor party

A party that a man has with his male friends on the night before his wedding:
____________________________________.
A party where people wear certain clothes to look like a famous person, a
character in a story: ___________________.
A party at which new parents invite friends and family to see their newborn
baby: _______________________________.
An occasion when a group of children stay the night at the house:
____________________________________.
A party that you have in a house that you have just moved into:
____________________________________.

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 Parties and 12B

Celebrations
ARTICLES OR NO ARTICLES?
What are articles?

Fill the blanks with a, an (definite articles) or the (indefinite articles).

I am from Winchester, Hampshire. Winchester is 1)________ city in 2)________

United Kingdom. I live in 3)________ town called 4)________ Taunton which is on
5)________ River Tone. I live in 6)________ house in 7)________ quiet street in the
countryside. 8)________ street is called Hudson Street and 9)________ house is
old—more than 100 years old! I am 10)________ English lecturer at 11)________
college near 12)________ centre of 13)________ town. I like 14)________ books,
music and taking 15)________ photographs. I usually have 16)________ lunch at
college. I usually go 17)________ home by 18)________ car. We have all kinds
of food in 19)_________ England. I like 20)________ Polish food very much.
Sometimes, I go to 21)________ Polish restaurant in Bath. 22)________ restaurant
is called Magda’s. 23)________ Polish food is delicious!

So... articles are words that define

a noun as specific or unspecific.

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12B

Bellow there are some rules regarded to the correct use of articles.
Match the sentences with the correct rule. Follow the example.

a. (- -) Peru, Chile, Brazil and Venezuela are countries

from South America.

b. Trilce Students are the most polite of Peru.

c. She is an architect and he is a doctor.

d. The Smiths are my new neighbors.

e. People can fish in the Pacific Ocean.

f. The United Nations support poor children.

g. I live in a big house. The house is very old.

h. (- -) Children need love.

i. Andre Rieu plays the violin beautifully.

j. The blind must receive more support from the Peruvian

government.

k. From the window I can see the Andes along the city.

l. I love reading the Times.

m. She has (--) breakfast at dawn.

n. The Netherlands and the Philippines are beautiful

countries.

o. Many people from the United States live in the streets.

p. The Mona Lisa was stolen some years ago.

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 12B

1. We use this article when we say what people’s jobs are.

2. We use this article when we talk about something not specific or one of a

number of the same objects.

3. We use this to define a specific object that both the person speaking and

listener know.

4. We use the noun in plural and without any article to define a noun in a

general way.

5. Do not use them to define countries, states, counties or provinces, single

lakes and single mountains.

6. Use this article to define the country if it is a collection of states or include

the words kingdom or republic.

7. Use this article to define a chain of mountains.

8. Use this article with bodies of water, oceans, rivers, canals and seas and

group of islands.

9. Do not use them when you are speaking about meals, places, and

transport.

10. Use this article with a superlative adjective.

11. Use this article to talk about musical instruments.

12. Use this article with adjectives that refer groups of people.

13. Use this article to define names of newspapers, buildings or work of art.

14. Use this article to refer names of organizations, hotels and restaurants.

15. Use this article to refer all the members of the same family.

16. Use this article to define countries which have plural nouns as their names.

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12B
VOCABULARY
Look at the pictures and label them with the words in the box. Then
match them with their correct definition.

carol singers - ball - family gathering - bash - parade - theme party

A public celebration in which a large group of people move through an area often
with decorated vehicles and bands playing music: _________________________.
A party where all the people, food and decorations are made according to one
theme: ________________
A member of a group of people who goes house to house singing carols at
Christmas: _______________________
Formal occasion where people dance: ________________
A lively party: ____________________
When family members meet for lunch, dinner or the whole day: _______________

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 12B

COLLOCATIONS
Complete the following information in order to form the correct
collocation. Use the words in the box.

hold - surprise - give - have - farewell - all night - throw - birthday

Noun
1. ____________________ (a) party
2. ____________________

3. ____________________

4. ____________________

Verb
1. ____________________ party
2. ____________________

3. ____________________

4. ____________________

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12C
Chinese New Year
LISTENING

Track 2

Listen and complete the sentences.

1. We celebrate, uhm, like special different ____________________ every year.

2. My grandmother __________________ it but I don’t.

3. Especially for dinner, we have a __________________________ in the table.

4. I think they want us to just ___________ the money.

5. I hope my mom’s not ___________. She’s gonna ____________ some money

from me.

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 12C

Listen again and answer the questions.

1. What’s the number of luck for Chinese people?

_________________________________________________________
2. What do young people receive from their elders in Chinese New Year?

_________________________________________________________
3. What do elders want people to do with the money they receive in New

Year?

_________________________________________________________
4. And how do Santi’s cousins spend the money?

_________________________________________________________
5. What does Santi do with the money she receives?

_________________________________________________________

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12C

VOCABULARY
Match the words with their correct meaning given by the context in
the sentences.

rainy days - allocate - elders - arrangement - expect

1. Maria has asked a special manner of the seats for her birthday

party. ____________________________________

2. Anthony looks forward to finishing the university successfully.

_________________________________________

3. Nathan has saved some money for times of emergency.

_________________________________________

4. Minji always listens to the advice of older people

in the family. ______________________________

5. The government will assign the money for poor

children. _________________________________

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 12C
Lesson 3
Could you tell me how you celebrate your holidays in your city?

How do Peruvians celebrate

Christmas?

When do people celebrate

Valentine’s Day in your
country?

Do you receive presents at

Christmas?

Is Children’s Day celebrated

in your country?

Have you answered the questions above? They are direct

questions. Now look at the questions and statements
below.

I wonder… We need to find out...

Could you tell me…? I’d like to know…

Do you know…? Could you tell me…?

Can you remember…? I’m not sure…

Let’s ask… Would you mind explaining…?

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12C

What about if we include our first questions to these ones?

Could you tell me how Peruvians celebrate

Christmas?
Do you know when people celebrate
Valentine’s Day in your country?
We need to find out if you receive presents
at Christmas.
I wonder if Children’s Day is celebrated in
your country.

When a question is included inside another question or statement we form:

EMBEDDED QUESTIONS

Five Rules for Using Embedded Questions

1. If the embedded question is part of a statement, use a period and not a question
mark at the end, use the auxiliary verbs do, does, and did and change the verb
to its appropriate form, as in the example below.

Direct question What time do people gather together?

Embedded question I wonder what time people gather together.

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 12C

2. If the embedded question includes an auxiliary verb or the verb to be, reverse the
positions of the subject and the auxiliary verb, as in the examples below.

Direct question Where did she go?

Embedded question Could you tell me where she went?

Direct question Can you answer my questions?

Embedded question I wonder if you could answer my questions.

Direct question Is my brother in your list of guests?

Embedded question Do you know if my brother is in your list of guests?

3. Do not use a verbal contraction at the end of the sentence.

Direct question Where is she?

Correct embedded question Do you know where he is?

Incorrect embedded question Do you know where he’s?

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12C

4. Embedded questions are introduced by whether and whether or not, and if when
there is no question word in the sentence (yes/no questions).

Direct yes/no question Will he be there?

Do you know if he will be there?

Embedded question Do you know whether or not he will be there?
Do you know whether he will be there or not?

5. The infinitive can follow a question word or whether in embedded questions, as in the
following example.

Direct question What should I take to the party?

Embedded question Please tell me what I should take to the party.

Embedded question with an infinitive Please tell me what to take.

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 12C
SPEAKING

Holidays

296
12C

Ask your partners their three favorite holidays.

NAME HOLIDAY 1 HOLIDAY 2 HOLIDAY 3

TOTAL

Which is the holiday that received more votes?

USEFUL LANGUAGE

What are your three My three favorite

favorite holidays? holidays are...

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 12C

IDIOMS
Party pooper
Someone who spoils other people’s
enjoyment by disapproving of or not
taking part in a particular activity.

Victor is such a party pooper. He never

attends our parties and stands around
pouting the whole time.

Be the life and the soul

of the party
Someone who is energetic and funny
and at the centre of activity during social
occasions.

Nathan is definitely the life and soul of the

party. He’s trying to get everyone up to
dance.

Party crasher
A person who attends a party without
having been invited.

Charles doesn’t mind party crashers in his

party as long as they behave.

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12D
Did You Know
Five Unusual Birthday Traditions Around the World

Birthdays! Who doesn’t love that one day birthdaaaaay to youu”. People may have
of the year when you sit awkwardly with find that tradition pretty strange, but it
a shy smile on your face while people *turns out there are even stranger ways
you may or may not know are singing people around the world celebrate their
*at the top of their lungs “Haaaappy birthday.

The bumps (England and Ireland)

If you celebrate your birthday in the company of
some English and Irish friends, don’t get surprised
when the moment comes for them to take you by
the hands and legs and *bump you up into the air
and back to the floor—and then again, and again
until the number of “bumps” reaches the age you
are *turning.

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 12D

Beating with belts (Poland)

Turning 18 is a big thing in Europe—you suddenly
find yourself with a lot of exciting new opportunities,
you don’t need mom and dad’s permission to do
anything and you are no longer a child. And to
welcome you to adulthood, *Poles will *slap you
18 times on the butt with a belt in front of all your
guests in the middle of your birthday party.

Decapitating the cake (Denmark)

The birthday person is no longer being tortured
but rather turns into the torturer over their birthday
cake. In Denmark it is common for the birthday cake
(called Kagemand) to be shaped and decorated to
look like a man (if it’s a boy’s birthday) or woman
(if it’s a girl’s birthday). After the kid has finished
blowing out the candles, they cut off the head of
the cake-person while all the other kids around are
screaming their own heads off.

A cute one to restore your faith in humanity (Ukraine)

This is a *bizarre birthday tradition in Ukraine, with
one that (thankfully) doesn’t hurt anyone. Ukrainians
draw a circle on a piece of paper, which they cut
into eight slices like pizza. On each of them they
write something bad that happened in the last year
and then burn that “slice”. When the bad things are
all burned and buried in the past, the same “pizza”
is made—this time with the positive changes in the
past year of one’s life.

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12D

Ear pulling (Hungary, Italy, Brazil, Argentina…)

You show the birthday person that you are happy
he/she was born and you wish him/her a happy
and long life by actually causing them physical
discomfort. How? Pulling him/her earlobes once
again the same number of times as the age this
person is turning. This tradition is not longer only for
Hungarians or Italians but also for Brazilians and
Argentinians.

*at the top of their lungs: very loudly

*turns out: happen
*turning: becoming a particular age
*bump: throw
*Poles: people from Poland
*slap: a quick hit with the flat part of
the hand or other flat object
*bizarre: very strange and unusual

301
 Inspirational Story 12E

Phiona Mutesi

“It was pretty outstanding for a

girl especially from the slums to
be so bold and be ready to fight
for her cause,” Robert said.

The game of chess turns one young girl’s life of despair into one of hope and
prosperity. Phiona Mutesi is now the hope for thousands of girls around the
world.

Phiona Mutesi was nine years old something to eat,” Phiona said.
when she was first introduced to the
game of chess. But it wasn’t the love Growing up in Katwe, Uganda,
of the game that attracted her to it Phiona lived in the slums with her
at first—it was the chance to enjoy a mother and brothers. She lost her
meal. father at the age of three and her
family struggled for years, living on
“When my brother told me about the streets of Katwe, desperate for
the chess program and there was a food and making money by selling
meal every day after playing chess maize on the side of the road.
I kept going back because I wanted

302
12E For years, Phiona’s mother could There she met Robert Katende,
not afford to send her to school founder of the Som Chess Academy.
and eventually they lost their home, Robert said he saw a spark and
leaving them to sleep on the streets. determination in Phiona that was
“At that time we had nothing to unlike anything he had encountered
eat, nothing to drink. We were just before and that her spirit and her
there, sleeping in the streets. We determination was so high, ”Phiona
had become just hopeless, but my wasn’t interested in chess until she
life changed the day I walked into a won a match against another boy.
chess club,” she said. There was a boy who always beat
her… Within five moves the game

was over. Phiona went to Robert and anybody.”

asked him how to defeat him. Robert
gave her some strategies and when Robert became Phiona’s mentor
Phiona went back she managed to and one of her biggest champions
play against this guy and she beat and he taught her that the game of
him. The boy cried and went away, chess was more than just moving
but she was so happy. It was then pieces on a board—it was a game of
she really became interested in life. That’s the reason Phiona shared
chess and she realized she could be every time she is asked about the

303
 meaning of chess in her life that her own farm and her brothers are 12E
she answers: “Most of the things both going to school. Phiona has
we do within the daily life, what we just finished high school and the
are using, everything we are using 21-year-old plans to start university in
is all about chess. The calculations, September. Her story and her talents
planning your daily life is chess.” at chess are also inspiring girls
around the world to go to school and
Her determination to win made her to learn the game.
Uganda’s chess champion—or, as
many call her, the “Queen of Katwe.” At the moment she has a club and
Her ultimate goal is to become a she is teaching chess and most of
chess grand master. the girls like it, they want to come
and learn chess, they want to be
Phiona’s story has been shared strong as Phiona was.
around the world—first as a book,
and now as a Disney movie. Phiona plans on studying Sociology
so she can work with children in
Her success has taken her family out Uganda and help them get out of
of the slums and given them a future. poverty and give them a future. “I just
Phiona bought her mother a house want to save them, care for them, be
outside the slums where she has with them,” she said.

The Queen of Katwe, Phiona Mutesi, Mira Nair (movie director), Lupita Nyong’o (actress) and Robert Cades (actor).

304
12F
Writing
Complete the blanks with the correct preposition of time.

1. Let’s meet _______________________________ Saturday.

2. Let’s gather together _______________________ 4 hours.
3. She saw your brother ______________________ 3:00 p.m.
4. Do you want to go there ____________________ the morning?
5. Let’s go camping __________________________ the weekend.
6. My friends can’t study ______________________ night.
7. Please wait for me. I’ll be there ______________ 10 minutes.
8. Why don’t we have lunch ___________________ noon.
9. Everybody saw Mathew ____________________ her birthday.
10. I like going to the beach ____________________ summer.

Complete with a / an / the or (--).

1. This is ___________ interesting film.

2. My mother is learning to play _______ piano.
3. Spain is __________ European country.
4. Did you use _______ game I gave you.
5. Do you know where I put _______ newspaper?
6. ___________ Simpsons are very funny.
7. Max was _________ tallest man I ever knew.
8. My father likes reading _______ Washington Times.
9. She is reading ________ English book.
10. Nathan will be sailing in _______ Atlantic Ocean very soon.
11. Did you get _______ flowers that I sent you?
12. _______ Brazil and Portugal are amazing countries.
13. Which bike do you like? ________ red one?
14. I ride a bike. _______ bike is green.
15. Lisa was born ____________ 1956.
16. _________ apples are very healthy.

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 12F

Correct the mistake in the following sentences.

1. Can you tell me when is her birthday?

____________________________________________________

2. I wonder where my girlfriend is now?

____________________________________________________

3. Would you tell me where did you go?

____________________________________________________

4. I don’t know if will you pass the exam.

____________________________________________________

5. Can you remember if you did pay the telephone bill?

____________________________________________________

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12F

VOCABULARY
Complete the sentences with the correct word given in the box.

carol singers - surprise - theme party - harvest - bash - neighbors - fancy dress party -
parade - trimmings - Valentine’s Day

1. I would like roast chicken and all the ____________________________ of the house.
2. On _____________________ people give presents showing love and friendship.
3. Because of mudslides around the valley we didn’t have a good ________________.
4. Yesterday we welcomed our new _______________. They look nice people.
5. Do not forget to buy a thematic costume. We were invited to a _________________.
6. There is a group of ____________ in front of Minji’s house. They are singing the

Christmas song Silent night.

7. There is a beautiful and colorful _____________ along Arequipa Avenue. The vehicles

are well decorated.

8. Nathan is quite tired because he danced a lot in the big _________ his parents

organized for his 18th birthday.

9. Let’s organize a ______________ party to our teacher. You mustn’t tell him anything.
10. We have to wear clothes in black and white because this is a __________________.

Write the correct idiom in the blanks.

1. Beyond any doubt, Charles is ____________________. He dances and gets everyone

dancing around him.

2. Sarah is a ___________________ because she doesn’t want to dance and play the

party games.
3. I wasn’t invited to the party but some of my friends asked me to be a ___________

__________________ for this time.

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 12F
BIG
PROJECT
How do you celebrate Christmas and
New Year’s Day in your country?

You will receive a secret nationality from your teacher. You have
to search all the information you can find about how that country
you are given celebrates Christmas and New Year’s Day. Then you
have to tell the class what you found out. Some topics you must
include in your investigation are food, drinks, place, time, music
and any other peculiar tradition you consider important.

308
 3rd Grade

Workbook
309
1
Unit 1 Workbook

Complete with the correct verb of the box.

glare stare gaze glance

squint glimpse peer peep

1. When I broke my neighbor’s window she looked out and ___________ at me

angrily.
2. Auntie Lourdes ____________ her eyes when she reads small letters in her

cellphone.
3. Minji was passing by the corner when she _____________ her favorite singer

from the windows of the bus.

4. Anthony _____________ secretly through the hole of the door to see who was

knocking the door.

5. We sat down and ______________ at the stars holding our hands. We were

astonished of their beauty.

6. When she entered the room everybody turned and __________ at her. People

got their eyes fixed on her for long time.

7. When I ___________________ at the signs in the road at nights I squint my eyes.

8. Nathan has been _____________ at his watch many times. He is waiting for the

moment his girlfriend arrives from Europe.

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 1

Complete the sentences with the correct word and then match them
with the pictures.

1. Pat and George are glancing each

other with _____________________.

2. Wendy is behaving _____________.

Recently she has dyed her hair pink.

3. Motta _____________ after seeing a

mouse.
4. You can’t imagine the impressive

_________________ Tany tells Peter.

Fill the blanks with the words in the box.

1. To _______________ with you will make our friendship

a. keep calm last forever.

b. hang around 2. Do not ______________ I’ll see if Mr. Perez is available.

3. You must _______________________ during a tremor.

c. hang in
4. Just ___________________ there. You’ll see the results
d. keep the
of your effort soon.
change 5. The flight is delayed four hours. Let’s _____________

e. keep in touch the city.

6. Here you are twenty dollars.
f. hang up
____________________ as tip.

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1

Put the verbs into the correct form (past perfect).

1. The tornado destroyed the houses that people (build) _______________.

2. Konnie (not / be) _________________ to Cuzco city before 2010.
3. When Pam went out with her friends, she (do / already) _____________
her homework.
4. Benjamin ate all of the cake that I (make) __________________________.
5. Doctor Beltran took off the plaster that he (put on) __________________
six weeks before.
6. My mom brought a delicious drink that I (not / ask) __________________.
7. My cousin could not remember the poem he (learn) _______________
the week before.
8. The children picked up the apples that (fall) ____________ from the tree.
9. (Lucia / phone) ______________ her mom before she went to the party?
10. Adriana (not / ride) _______________________ a horse before that day.

Find the mistake, correct and rewrite the sentences.

1. If I be a singer, I would be Michael Jackson.

________________________________________________________________

2. Rafael would be the happiest boy of the world if he have a modern car.
________________________________________________________________

3. Adriana will buy a new house if she won the lottery.

________________________________________________________________

4. If the leaders of Peru were more honest, our country will improve its economy.
________________________________________________________________

5. Molly wouldn’t fail the exams, if she study harder.

________________________________________________________________

312
 1

Unscramble the following words.

1. world. / Heidi / were / travel / If / around / rich, / she / the / would

________________________________________________________________

2. scientist, / Henry / Albert Einstein. / would / were / be / If / he / a / past /

famous / from
________________________________________________________________

3. Nathan / superhero. / be / would / if / were / Spiderman / he / a

________________________________________________________________

4. film / When / arrived / has / the / started. / Peter / already

________________________________________________________________

5. before / English / Stephanie / studied / traveled / had / she / England. / to

________________________________________________________________

Replace the phrases in bold with the correct idiom.

1. Everybody loves him because in ups and downs he is always

having a big smile.
__________________________________________________.

2. Watching her new cellphone breaking into pieces

stops her smiling.
__________________________________________________.

3. When Mark saw his puppy running around its tail he

suddenly started to smile.
__________________________________________________.

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2
Unit 2 Workbook

Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

chew - sip - still drinks - swallow - fussy eater - gulp down - fizzy drink

1. Selma is a ___________ she always avoids eating food that she doesn’t like.
2. Amy was so thirsty that she ___________ the soda ___________ in a whizz.
3. When I like a drink I ______ it because I want it to last forever.
4. Please do not ___________ your food with your mouth open.
5. Coke is my favorite _________________.
6. Orange juice and cold water are the _______________ that I like the most in
summer.
7. Why is the baby keeping the food in his mouth? He doesn’t like it and he
doesn’t want to ___________________ it.

Label the words with the correct picture.

kebabs - dressing - boil - raw - fry - dip

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 2

Choose the correct option.

1. Modern life is becoming more _______________ these days.

a) sick b) corpulent c) hectic d) obese

2. There is a new program treatment for __________ patients. It can help you
to lose some weight.
a) sound b) calm c) healthy d) obese

3. The math problems were quite __________. I could only solve one.
a) healthy b) hurry c) complex d) busy

4. Anthony has a lot of things to do. He is really _____________.

a) busy b) sound c) easy d) skinny

5. Considering his 88 years old his body is surprisingly __________________.

a) simple b) delay c) calm d) healthy

Complete with the verb of the correct form using the grammar I wish…
for present wishes.

1. I wish we _______________ (not have) a test today.

2. I wish life __________________ (not be) so difficult.
3. I wish we ________________ (live) near the beach.
4. Do you ever wish you ________________ (can travel) more?
5. I wish I ____________ (be) better at maths.
6. If only we __________________ (not have to) wear a school uniform.
7. Sometimes I wish you ___________________ (work) in my company.
8. I wish we _____________ (can go) to Disney World.
9. I wish I ________________ (can fly) to get school in a whizz.
10. He wishes ___________________ (buy) a new car.

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2
Complete with the verb of the correct form using the grammar I wish…
for past regrets.
1. I regret talking to her last night.
I wish I hadn’t talked with her last night.
2. John didn’t invite me to go to the cinema.
He wishes he _______________________________________________________.
3. I broke up with my girlfriend. I feel sad.
I wish _____________________________________________________________.
4. She forgot to do her homework.
She wishes _________________________________________________________.
5. I didn’t study for my exams.
I wish _____________________________________________________________.
6. She ate a lot of pizza. She has a terrible stomachache.
She wishes _________________________________________________________.
7. My brother spent all his money at the mall.
He wishes _________________________________________________________.
8. I didn’t know she was sick.
I wish _____________________________________________________________.
9. She didn’t give me her telephone number.
I wish _____________________________________________________________.
10. I regret going to the party.
I wish _____________________________________________________________.

Complete the sentences with the correct form of let or make.

1. John’s mother used to __________ him clean up his room.
2. The teacher doesn’t _______ her students use their mobile phones in class.
3. Julie’s father doesn’t _______________ her use his car at nights.
4. The professor often _______ the students do a lot of homework.
5. Last Sunday the policeman _______ the teenagers pick up the litter they had dropped.
6. My mother never ________ me stay out late when I was young.
7. The guard _________ her get off the train because she didn’t have a ticket.
8. Doing a lot of exercise __________ eat as many cakes as I like.
9. My boss often _______________ us work late. We don’t want it.
10. This Golden Card ___________ you travel on any bus in the city.
11. Speaking English ________ you communicate with lots of different people in the world.
12. That film ______________ me cry yesterday. It was so sad.

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 Workbook Unit 3 3

Unscramble the words.

1. AFROEL _________________________

2. TAELSC _________________________

3. CEKD OESHS _________________________

4. GHIH LESHE _________________________

5. LIFP SOPLF _________________________

Fill the blanks with the phrasal verbs of the box. Take into account the
tense.

go out - fall out - fall for - get over - get on - split up

1. Miriam _______________ with his boyfriend because he forgot their anniversary.

But is all over.

2. We used to laugh a lot and spend time together. We _______________ well with

each other.

3. When I looked at him I couldn’t help ________________________ him immediately.

4. After ______________________ for three years we decided to get married this year.

5. She __________________ with him because he didn’t want to get married with her.

6. It took her years to __________________ Christian when he ended the relationship.

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3
Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

1. Robert was appointed as guilty a. she realized he was not the

2. My mom posted photos of my ideal man.

childhood b. I started to have flashbacks of

3. Dentist told me I need to wear my childhood.

braces c. that was unfair for him.

4. When I visited the city I grew up d. because I have wonky teeth.

5. After he cheated on her e. they were cringeworthy photos.

6. For teenagers life is so unfair f. when they get a zit on their face.

Choose the correct option.

1. I didn’t know Kirsty was in town. I didn’t call her.

a) If I had known Kirsty was in town, I would have called her.

b) I had called Kirsty if I had know she was in town.

c) I would had called Kirsty if I have known she was in town.

2. I didn’t know watching this documentary was important for our exam. I didn’t watch

it.

a) If I knew this documentary was important, I had watched it.

b) If I would have known this documentary was important, I had

watched it.

c) If I had known this documentary was important, I would’ve watched it.

3. I walked home from the disco. My friend was too drunk to drive.

a) I hadn’t walked home from the disco if my friend wasn’t too drunk to drive.

b) I wouldn’t have walked home from the disco if my friend hadn’t been

too drunk to drive.

c) I wouldn’t had walked home from the disco if my friend hadn’t been too

drunk to drive.

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 3
4. I didn’t go to the store. I thought it closed at 5 p.m. It closed at 6 p.m.

a) If I had known the store had closed at 6 p.m., I would’ve gone.

b) If I knew the store would have closed at 6 p.m., I would’ve gone.

c) I would’ve gone to the store if I know it had closed at 6 p.m.

5. I am really hungry now. I didn’t have any breakfast.

a) If I had some breakfast, I wouldn’t be hungry now.

b) If I would had had some breakfast, I wouldn’t be hungry now.

c) If I had had some breakfast, I wouldn’t be hungry now.

6. I didn’t see Tony at the party. I wanted to speak to him about his vacation in France.

a) If I saw Tom at the party, I would’ve spoken to him.

b) If I had seen Tom at the party, I would’ve spoken to him.

c) If I would have seen Tom at the party, I would’ve spoken to him.

Complete with must have, might have or should have the following
sentences.

1. Nobody answered the phone at the clinic. It ____________________ closed early.

2. I _____________ revised more for my exams. I think I’ll fail!

3. Sarah looks really pleased with herself. She ______________ passed her driving

test this morning.

4. I didn’t know you were going to Phil’s party yesterday. You _______________ told

me!

5. I can’t believe Jim hasn’t arrived yet. He _______________ caught the wrong train.

6. I don’t know where they went on holiday but they bought euros before they left, so

they ____________________ gone to France or Germany.

7. His number was busy all night—he ______________________ been on the phone

continuously for hours.

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4
Unit 4 Workbook

Complete the blanks with the words in the box. You can modify any word
if it is necessary.

limbs - shortsighted - enable - blind - get off - deaf -

aware - aid - clumsy - prosthetic

1. A _______ man was sitting next to my grandma in the red seats at the
Metropolitano. We have to help him _________ the bus.
2. Mathias is ____________ and he has worn glasses since the age of 6.
3. This clown is really funny. In the show his movements were __________ and
made people laugh.
4. It was very sad but that woman lost one of her ___________ in the accident.
She needs a _______________ leg to walk again.
5. My little brother is learning to read with the _____________ of my mom. They
practice every day.
6. She is an intelligent girl and was __________________ that a problem existed.
7. I am a bit ______________, please speak up!
8. This money __________________ my sister to finish her career at the university.

Choose the correct synonyms for the following words.

1. Crippled conscious of - permit or allow

- uncoordinated - disabled -
help
2. Clumsy

3. Aware

4. Enable

5. Aid

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 4

Match the words with its definition.

1. Unable to see. a. Get off

2. Unable to hear. b. Mute

3. Unable to speak. c. Blind

4. Unable to walk or move properly. d. Deaf

5. An arm or leg of a person. e. Prosthetic

6. A condition that restricts a person’s ability. f. Crippled

7. Denoting an artificial part of the body. g. Handicap

8. To leave the bus, a train or a plane. h. Limp

Complete the sentences using can or be able to.

1. Timmy has lived in different countries. He _________ speak four languages.

2. Carl hasn’t __________ eat very well recently.

3. Sandro ____________ drive but he hasn’t got his license.

4. Ask the teacher about the exercise. He might _________________ help you.

5. Santiago will ___________________ to buy his own apartment next

month.

6. ____________ you ____________ speak English perfectly?

7. I don’t like Algebra. I have never __________ understand it.

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4

Complete the sentences using can, could, was able to or were able to.

1. I’m left-handed. I _________ write with my right hand.

2. Superman ________________ fly across the universe.

3. _____________ you usually remember your dreams?

4. __________ you __________ run a 42 km marathon?

5. I’ll be ____________________________ help you later.

6. When my sister was 6 years, she _____________ dance Marinera beautifully.

7. My grandfather ____________ walk without any help last night. The doctors

didn’t believe it.

8. My mom crashed her car, but the mechanic ______________________ fix it.

9. Although I woke up one hour late, I ______________________ arrive on time.

Complete the answers to the questions with was or were able to.

1. A: Did you have any difficulty solving the crossword puzzle?

B: Not really. It took me more than one hour but finally I _________________.

2. A: Did Simon finish his homework this afternoon?

B: Yes. There was nobody to disturb him, so he ________________________.

3. A: Did the policemen catch the robbers?

B: Yes. It was a difficult situation but the policemen _____________________.

4. A: Did Carolina finish the project on time?

B: Yes. She didn’t sleep all night long but she __________________________.

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 Workbook Unit 5 5

Label the pictures with the correct word from the box.

peel off - rescue - sprinkle - delay - waste - blossom - garment

Match the words with the correct definition.

1. Lift a. To resist.

2. Purchase b. An area of ground to play football.

3. Shard c. A very tall building.

4. Display d. To buy.

5. Skyscraper e. A piece of broken ceramic or glass.

6. Withstand f. Elevator.

7. Pitch g. To put something in a place in order to be seen by public.

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5

Fill the blanks to form the correct collocation.

your temper - a letter - your voice - a baby - memory - by hand - a speech - the war

deliver lose
_________________________ _________________________

_________________________ _________________________

_________________________ _________________________

_________________________ _________________________

Change the sentences into passive voice.

1. Walter printed the brochures on time.

_________________________________________________________

2. My neighbor throws the litter every day.

_________________________________________________________

3. My children ate all the dinner.

_________________________________________________________

4. Lorena started reading the new book of Mario Vargas Llosa.

_________________________________________________________

5. Carol sang English songs to her students.

_________________________________________________________

6. Monica always posts photos of her cats on Facebook.

_________________________________________________________

7. Rocky wasted all the money.

_________________________________________________________

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 5

8. Morgan should study algebra for her final exam.

_________________________________________________________

9. Trilce students mustn’t use cellphones in class.

_________________________________________________________

10. Sometimes, mothers lose patience with their teen children.

_________________________________________________________

Correct the mistakes of the following sentences.

1. A bunch of beautiful flowers were bought by Bladimir.

_________________________________________________________

2. My favorite garment was stains with sauce.

_________________________________________________________

3. Money mustn’t been wasted.

_________________________________________________________

4. Some salt should has sprinkled on your salad.

_________________________________________________________

5. Simple exercises should be do to keep our body healthy.

_________________________________________________________

6. Awkward situations is face by teenagers.

_________________________________________________________

7. Calm must be keep during an earthquake.

_________________________________________________________

8. My dog Molly are took to the park every afternoon.

_________________________________________________________

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6
Unit 6 Workbook

Write in the parentheses if these relatives clauses are defining (D) or non-
defining clauses (ND).

1. Dublin, which is the capital of Ireland, is my favorite city. ( ____ )

2. My friend whose mother is from Shanghai speaks English and

Chinese fluently. ( ____ )

3. This smartphone, which I bought last week, takes great photos. ( ____ )

4. Buckingham Palace,where the Queen of England lives, is in the

center of London. ( ____ )

5. My sister who lives in Chile is going to buy a new house soon. ( ____ )

6. Ferrari cars, which are made in Italy, are very expensive. ( ____ )

7. Russell Crowe, who starred in Gladiator, was born in New Zealand. ( ____ )

8. The TV that is in my bedroom is out of order. ( ____ )

9. Nathan, whose brother is a singer, is in my English class. ( ____ )

10. My aunt who teaches physics is going to retire next year. ( ____ )

Choose the right relative pronoun to complete these sentences.

1. Jim ______________________________ I’ve known for years is my best friend.

2. My new coat, _________ I bought in New York, is very warm and comfortable.

3. My boss, _________________________ wife is French, travels to Paris regularly.

4. He didn’t even say “thank you”, _______________________ I found really rude.

5. Next summer I’m going to India, ___________________ I’ve never been before.

6. My sister, ______________________ is five years younger than me, is a lawyer.

7. Galileo Galilei, _____________ supported the heliocentric theory, was arrested

by Inquisition.

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 6

Complete using the correct causative verb make or let.

1. Adriana really wanted a dog but her parents wouldn’t _______ her have a pet.

2. I can’t believe she _______ you look at her vacation pictures again last night. We have

to look at those pictures every time we go to her house.

3. The teacher _______ each of her students write an essay describing their future goals

in life.

4. My language teacher ________ her students use a dictionary while they were taking

the test.

5. Minji hates vegetables. But her mom _______ her eat all kind of salads.

6. Glory _______ me take off my shoes before I went into her house. She said she

wanted to keep the carpet clean.

7. Diane thinks television is a waste of time, so she won’t ______ her children watch TV.

8. Marcus _______ me drive his new Audi. I couldn’t believe how nice this car is.

9. My boss _______ me get him a cup of coffee, pick up his dry cleaning and buy

presents for his wife. He can’t do anything by himself!

10. Tommy didn’t want to go to his cousin’s birthday party, but his mom _______ him go.

11. I can’t believe the zoo keeper _______ you feed the snake. That was so cool!

12. Thalia ________ the translator recheck his translation several times to make sure

there would be no misunderstandings. The translator is not so happy.

13. If you ask me nicely, I’ll ________ you lick the bowl after I make

the cookies.

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6
Label the pictures with the words of the box.

wirewires - rappel - 12 wheeler - stuntman - drool - rehearse

Unscramble the words about strange occupations.

1. niart supreh

2. god odof sattre

3. isoalorfpsen pesleer

4. mitpra finfsre

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 6

5. miotv celolroct

Replace the phrases in bold with the idioms below.

1. I wish you good luck in your audition.

2. We lost our wallets but life must continue.

3. That whole event was just a showing and persuasion to buy their products.

a. a dog and pony show

b. hope you break a leg

c. the show must go on

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Unit 7 Workbook

Complete the blanks with the words in the box. You can modify the
expressions if it is necessary.

match made in heaven - flirt with - on the rocks - engagement -

have a crush - hit it off - Mr. Right - break up with

1. I saw the picture of Melinda and Carl’s

____________________. They will get

married next year.

2. I ___________________________ him

since the moment we met each other.

3. Samantha __________________ with her

new neighbor. He is very handsome.

4. After 3 years going out together, Thomas

________________________ Karol.

5. Santiago has a girlfriend but he is ___________________________ me.

6. I think, he is so charming and cute. He always makes me laugh. He is

my ___________________________.

7. They are always happy together, I consider them a _______________.

8. Santiago and Lucy are _____________________. After a relationship of

one year they’re facing some problems.

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 7

Classify the words in the following categories.

engagement - sensible - ginger - blind date - silly - descendents - abs - lineage - drag

NOUN VERB ADJECTIVE

Complete the blanks with the correct form of the verb (gerunds or infinitives)
from the box. You can modify them if necessary.

get up - help - talk - cheat - eat (x2) - study - accept

1. Timmy decided _________ medicine, he will apply to San Marcos University.

2. Carl prefers _______________ eat a vanilla ice-cream than a chocolate one.

3. Sandro admitted _________________ on the exam.

4. After splitting up with him, Karen avoids ________________________ to him.

5. Sandy considers __________ his wedding proposal.

6. Susan moves to another country, she misses ____________ her mom’s food.

7. My dad suggests ___________________ early, we have a lot of things to do.

8. Would you mind ___________ me, please? I don’t understand this question.

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7

Choose the correct alternative.

1. I forgot ____________ Sandy to the meeting. She was mad at me.

a. to invite b. inviting

2. German forgot ___________ her to the meeting, but he gave her

the invitation 2 weeks ago.

a. to invite b. inviting

3. A: I’m really sleepy!

B: Why don’t you try _________ some coffee.

a. drinking b. to drink

4. Try _________ good grades, your mom will be really happy.

a. to get b. getting

5. I forgot _______ the electricity bill, so our service was cut off.

a. paying b. to pay

6. I was worried because I forgot ____________ the electricity bill,

but I had already done it last week.

a. paying b. to pay

7. Sheilla stopped ________ some bread for their breakfast.

a. buying b. to buy

8. I stopped ________ in the mornings because I got the flu.

a. buying b. to buy

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 Workbook Unit 8 8

Complete the blanks with the words in the box. You can modify the
expressions if it is necessary.

is scared stiff - rummage through - at large - give up the ghost - make a run for it

1. It was very dark that night, so I just _________________ and arrived home as soon

as possible.

2. Alberto was in a hurry so he _______________ his drawers to look for some money.

3. The police didn’t find the criminal. He is still _________________________________.

4. After the kidnapping Salome ________________________. She only cried and cried.

5. My grandpa spent 1 month in hospital. Finally, he ___________________________.

All the family was really sad!

Match the words with its definition.

vanish - porch - remain - carving - quarry -

encourage - heritage

1. To stay in the same place or 2. A shape or pattern cut into stone.

condition. ___________________________

___________________________ ___________________________

___________________________

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8
3. To disappear.
________________________________________

4. A covered area next to the 5. Traditions, language or buildings

entrance of a house. that were created in the past and

___________________________ still have historical importance.

___________________________ ___________________________

6. A large artificial hole where 7. To make somebody more likely

stone, sand, etc. is dug to use as to do something.

building materials. ___________________________

___________________________ ___________________________

Unscramble the words and form sentences.

1. didn’t / ghosts. / Barbara / believe / she / said / in / that

_____________________________________________________________

2. told / ghosts movies. / got / he / Phil / that / scared / with / me

_____________________________________________________________

3. believed / she / Adrienne / ghosts. / in / that / said /

_____________________________________________________________

4. could / Conrad / believed / see. / in / said / things / he / he / that

_____________________________________________________________

5. me / Simon / his / told / that / family / abroad. / traveled

_____________________________________________________________

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 8

Choose the correct alternative.

1. This situation is _____________ serious.

a. very b. much c. very much

2. Today is __________________ colder than yesterday.

a. very b. much c. too

3. My boyfriend is ________ older than me.

a. much b. very much c. a and b are correct

4. I like your dress ____________.

a. much b. very c. very much

5. Last year I traveled to Cuzco ____________.

a. a lot b. much c. very much

6. This food was ________ spicy for me to eat.

a. too b. very c. enough

7. I’m just _________ tired to keep on working.

a. enough b. much c. too

8. Thomas didn’t try hard ________________.

a. much b. enough c. too

9. Don’t worry about your mother, she’ll be home _______ soon.

a. very b. much c. too

10. I would like to change my life ___________.

a. enough b. much c. a bit

11. You are really _______________ generous.

a. much b. enough c. too

12. I ______________________ agree with you.

a. much b. totally c. very

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9
Unit 9 Workbook

Choose the correct alternative.

1. My little sister _______________ with me all the time but it doesn’t matter, all my

friends love her!

a. flashback b. tags along c. keepsake

2. I don’t want to tell you a ________________________ so please understand me.

a. lie b. keepsake c. flashback

3. Which one is the most memorable ________ you still have from your childhood?

a. flashback b. keepsake c. lie

4. I found my dog sleeping on the _________ yesterday. My mom wanted to kill him!

a. keepsakes b. sofa pillows c. pigtails

5. When I was a little kid I always wore _____________. It took my mom like 20 min.

to do them every morning.

a. keepsakes b. sheets c. pigtails

6. I think Dr. Roberts is a good doctor, we will __________________ him. We don’t

want another one.

a. keepsake b. stick with c. shame

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 9

Unscramble the letters and form the correct word.

1. ESMAH 4. UGTENO

2. TASLCE 5. PASEEEEKK

3. CABFHASLK 6. STOLHE

Replace the phrases in bold with the correct idiom or collocation.

1. Every time Logan listens about cars he turns

- in her second childhood
really excited. ___________________________
- held dear my heart
2. Nowadays young couples don’t want to have
- hold my mind
kids. __________________________________ - hold your tongue
3. You know too much, please don’t say anything! - is like a child in a
______________________________________ sweetshop

4. My grandma’s behavior is weird, recently she is - have neither chick nor

acting like a child. child

______________________________________

5. The man offered me less money so I didn’t

accept. I maintain my position and I received

the full asking price.

______________________________________

6. Those family vacations were unforgettable

memories for me. ________________________

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9

Complete with used to or be used to.

1. He _____________ fat but now he’s thin. (be)

2. Rafael _____________ in these bad conditions. He’ll probably get sick. (work)

3. __________ you ___________ spicy food? I have a spicy ceviche for you. (eat)

4. ______________ you ______________ poems when you were young? (write)

5. When she was a little girl she ___________________ with Barbie dolls. (play)

6. Arnel Pineda ______________ in the small band Zoo before he became a

famous singer. (sing)

7. Wilson ________________________ linen by hand. His wife is teaching him

how to do it. (wash)

8. She’ll _______________________ in the extremely cold winter of Siberia. (live)

9. My mother ____________________ much coffee. But now she has become

addicted to it. (drink)

10. There _________________________ a lot of trees in this courtyard. They have

all been cut down. (be)

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 9

Correct the mistakes of the following sentences.

1. George used to smoking. Now, he doesn’t smoke at all.

______________________________________________________

2. Molly is used to drink drinks without sugar.

______________________________________________________

3. Francisco didn’t used to do exercises when he was a teenager.

______________________________________________________

4. Cuzco use to be the capital of Peru, now is Lima.

______________________________________________________

5. Miky use to having hair, now he is bald.

______________________________________________________

Match the sentences with the correct halves.

1. Dennis bought a new laptop to... she can save money for her trip to London.

2. Lourdes left work early so that... be on time at class.

3. Willy dared to do bungee jumping to… study English online.

4. Paulo start doing exercises for… she can have dinner with her daughters.

5. I made some coffee so that… being an outstanding engineer.

6. She entered university for… impress his current girlfriend.

7. You have to wake up to… losing weight.

8. Martha got a new job so that... we can continue our interesting chatting.

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10
Unit 10 Workbook

Choose the correct alternative.

1. Carla’s parents died in the car accident and her grandma _______________ her.

a. pace b. dunk c. raised

2. I love to play soccer, _________ and tennis.

a. dunk b. snooker c. pace

3. My cousin is __________ on extreme sports.

a. keen b. pace c. dunk

4. I passed the ball to Henry who _________ it.

a. dunked b. pain c. raised

5. Tommy walked ____________ in the room very nervous, waiting for the results of

the contest.

a. pace b. pain c. back and forth

6. My grandma walks all the mornings around the park. She walks at her own

_________________________.

a. pace b. pain c. dunk

Match the word with its correct collocation.

1. Team a. A basketball

2. Go b. Sports

3. Overpaid c. Bills and coins

4. Dunk d. Athletes

5. Counterfeit e. Back and forth

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 10

Complete the blanks with the correct idiom or collocation.

1. Anne is always talking about helping sick people

as a volunteer in the hospital but she never does

- money to burn
anything. She should ______________________. - big money
2. Many people belief that you can do whatever you - as poor as church mice
want with money, they said that _____________. - put her money where

3. The police caught a band that made her heart is

___________________. This fake money affects - counterfeit money

the economy of the country. - money talks

4. After the tsunami all the house was destroyed, we

didn’t have a place to live and needed water and

food. We were ____________________________.

5. Ricky’s family has a lot of money. He never worked

in his life but he has _______________________.

6. My uncle business is going really well, he is

making _______________________________.

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10

Choose the correct answer.

1. Can you help me? I’m looking _________________.

a. my for book b. for my book c. it for d. all are correct

2. They have to put _______________________ because of the weather conditions.

a. off the match b. it off c. the match off d. all are correct

3. Please take ____________________ and sit down.

a. off your coat b. your coat off c. it off d. all are correct

4. I _________________ my English teacher at Ripley last weekend.

a. make up b. made up c. ran into d. run into

5. After 1 month in the hospital, Sara is just ___________________ this terrible illness.

a. talking over b. making up c. looking into d. getting over

6. Carlita never really ________________________ Sofia. They were just classmates.

a. talk over b. come up with c. got along with d. get rid of

7. Finally we ________________ all the old furniture we had at home. Now, we have

more free space.

a. got rid of b. get along with c. come up with d. talk over

8. Sally ____________ a great idea for the show.

a. came up with b. got rid of c. talked over d. got over

9. I don’t know how she ____________________ German. All the time he is talking

about himself.

a. puts up with b. tolerates c. gets rid of

d. a and b are correct

10. The police is __________________ the criminals who robbed the shopping center.

a. putting up with b. looking into c. coming up with d. talking over

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Unscramble the words.

1. said / The / doctor / days. / mom / that / some /

my / get over / will / in

________________________________________

________________________________________

2. running / park / I / was / Algebra / when / ran into / I / my / teacher. / the / in

__________________________________________________________________

3. fire. / put out / the / Fortunately / firemen / arrived / the / and

__________________________________________________________________

4. seriously. / it / have / talk over / We / about / to

__________________________________________________________________

5. some / After / kilos. / Christmas / put on / I / extra

__________________________________________________________________

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Unit 11 Workbook

Choose the correct alternative.

1. My best friend suffers from citrus allergies so she has to ______________ eating

citric fruits.

a. pot b. hire c. avoid

2. Caroline was ________ by her grandparents because her parents died in the fire.

a. raised b. hired c. awareness

3. When mother wolf died at the zoo, they decided to feed her ________________

so they survived. Now they’re healthy and strong.

a. hires b. pots c. cubs

4. Bengal tigers are an ___________________ specie because of their habitat loss.

a. awareness b. endangered c. knowledge

5. I bought a __________________ guide in case I lost in the forest. I love going

hiking and I want to be prepared.

a. survival b. raise c. pot

6. I think Dr. Roberts was _______________ in that prestigious hospital because he

is a qualified doctor.

a. pot b. knowledge c. hired

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Match the words with its definition.

1. Bottom A tube hold in your mouth to help you breathe if you are

2. Split swimming with your face underwater.

3. Clue An imaginary creature like a man but extremely tall,

4. Stare strong, appearing especially in children’s stories.

5. Encounter A meeting, especially one that happens by chance.

6. Giant The lowest part of something.

7. Beat To leave a place.

8. Snorkel To look for a long time with the eyes wide open, especially

9. Come up with when surprised, frightened, or thinking.

To suggest or think of an idea or plan.

A sign or some information that helps you to find the

answer to a problem, question, or mystery.

To hit repeatedly.

Classify the words in categories.

stare - snorkel - beat - encounter - clue - giant - split

VERBS ADJECTIVES NOUNS

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11

Choose the correct alternative.

1. She got ________________ the car and drove away.

a. onto b. into c. out of

2. Santiago got ____________ the bus and went ____________ the supermarket.

a. out of / into b. through / into c. on / over

3. Samuel’s parents live ________________ Arequipa.

a. on b. in c. at

4. Katherine’s mother was _________ hospital for 2 weeks. Now, she’s _________

home, but she’s still _________ bed.

a. in / on / in b. on / at / on c. in / at / in

5. A: Who is the man ____________ the photograph?

B: The man _____ the right is my grandpa and the one _____ the left is my dad.

a. at / in / in b. on / in / in c. in / on / on

6. There is someone ______ the door.

a. at b. in c. on

7. Look! There is a notice ______________ your door.

a. at b. in c. on

8. My dog was running _____________________ the park. I think he’s a little crazy!

a. over b. around c. up

9. Cosmo, my dog jumped _________________ the fence. He escaped and got lost.

a. up b. through c. over

10. Walk, never run ______________ the street and use the

sidewalks, not the street for walking.

a. over b. through c. across

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Complete the blanks with the correct indefinite pronoun.

1. The party was a disaster. ________ had fun!

2. He didn’t eat _________. He felt really bad.

3. There’s __________ to go in this small town. I’m really bored.

4. Hurry up, let’s go! I don’t want to see ___________.

5. Why are you looking under the bed? Have you lost _________?

6. Susan is very shy, she never says __________ to ___________.

7. Where are you planning to go on holiday? Let’s go _______ warm and sunny.

8. Venezuelan people sleep in the park because they don’t have _______ to go.

9. The bus was completely full. There was _________ to sit down.

10. The movie theater was empty. There was _____________ on it.

11. The accident was really serious. Fortunately, _________ was seriously injured.

12. I stand up on the chair, but I couldn’t see __________________.

13. Where did you go? __________. I couldn’t find _________ to go.

14. Mr. Torres, _________________________ is here looking for you.

15 If _______________ phones while I’m out, please tell them I’ll be back at noon.

347
12
Unit 12 Workbook

Label the pictures with the words of the box.

neighbor - trimming - Holy - harvest - meal

Week

Write the correct party for each situation.

1. Luly and Ben have invited me to their house to know their first baby son.

__________________________________________________________

2. My teen daughter will stay in her best friend’s house all night.

__________________________________________________________

3. Let’s have a party for our new awesome house.

__________________________________________________________

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 12
4. The City Hall is organizing a party which you have to dress like cowboys.

___________________________________________________________

5. Gino is organizing a party for his brother before his wedding and he

invited male friends.

___________________________________________________________

Cross out the odd word.

1. Christmas - All Fool’s Day - International Day - Labour Day

2. Slumber party - political party - housewarming - sip and see party

3. Have a party - give a party - throw a party - all night party

4. Farewell party - hold a party - birthday party - surprise party

5. Celebration - summer - holidays - party

Replace the phrases in bold with an idiom from the unit.

1. There isn’t enough food for everybody. I think there are many people who were

not invited.

________________________________________________________________

2. James never wants to join us at parties. He is a destroyer of parties.

________________________________________________________________

3. Without Jonathan the party would be boring. He is the one who keeps the

party alive.

________________________________________________________________

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12

Write the correct preposition of time (in - on - at).

1. Lucy is arriving ______ February 13th _______ eight o’clock _______ the morning.

2. The weather is often terrible in London _________ January.

3. It’s better to get a taxi if you are out alone _______ night.

4. Pat got married ______ June 12th ______ 2015.

5. Louise and Kathia usually go to the beaches in Miami ______ summer.

6. Columbus sailed to the Americas ______ the 16th century.

7. The Beatles were popular _________ the 1960s.

8. We usually go to my grandparents’ house ______ Christmas. We eat a delicious

dinner ____________ Christmas day.

9. The class is _______ 8 a.m. _______ Monday morning.

10. Dennis likes doing exercises ______ the morning and taking a short nap ______

the afternoons.

Choose the correct option.

1. Sonia is _______ best doctor of the city.

a) (--) b) a c) the d) an

2. Marjorie plays _______ guitar beautifully.

a) a b) an c) (--) d) the

3. There is a big cruise sailing in _______ Atlantic Ocean at the moment.

a) the b) (--) c) an d) a

4. Look! There is _______ bear in the yard eating our lunch.

a) the b) a c) an d) (--)

5. I found _______ ring. _______ ring looks valuable.

a) a / a b) a / the c) the / the d) the / a

350
 12

Unscramble the following words in order to get the correct sentences.

1. it / Could / ? / time / is / what / me / tell / you

_______________________________________________________

2. my / where / I / keys / are. / wonder

_______________________________________________________

3. your / did / ? / Can / homework. / you / remember / if / you

_______________________________________________________

4. went / know / I / where / yesterday. / would / to / you / like

_______________________________________________________

5. made / need / cake. / this / We / to / delicious / out / who / find

_______________________________________________________

351
Photo Credits

352
 Photo Credits
Cover image - pag.1 / 1. img. Designed by rawpixel.com - Freepik - Unit 1 - cover page pag.6
/ 1. img. natureshealthwatch.com/5-epic-training-montages-to-get-you-pumped-for-your-next-
workout/ - UNIT 1 Lesson 1 - READING AND LISTENING pag.7 / 1. img. Designed by natanaelginting
Freepik - UNIT 1 Lesson 3 pag.18 / 2. img. iStock / 3. img. huffingtonpost.com/dr-carmen-harra/
promises-to-yourself_b_4297869.html / 4. img. Designed by Freepik / 5. img. Designed by
Jcomp Freepik / 6. img. Designed by Asierromero Freepik / 7. img. Designed by Pressfoto Freepik
- Idioms pag.19 / 1. img. Designed by Freepik / 2. img. Designed by benzoix Freepik - UNIT 1
Writing Tips pag.25 / 1. img. Designed by nensuria Freepik

Unit 2 - cover page pag.26 / 1. img. isagencyireland.com - UNIT 2 Lesson 1 - Vocabulary pag.27
/ 1. img. Feeding My Kid / 2. img.Designed by Nensuria Freepik / 3. img. Designed by topntp26
Freepik - UNIT 2 Lesson 2 - Reading pag.32 / 1. img. Designed by Freepik - Grammar pag.36 / 1.
babiesdailynews.com/2016/07/06/12-basic-life-skills-every-kid-should-know-by-high-school/
2. img. laparent.com/can-kids-pitch-kids-chores/ - UNIT 2 Lesson 3 - Listening pag.38 / 1. img.
abcdentalmissouri.com/children-and-professional-dental-care/ 2. img. Andrey armyagov
via getty images - pag.39 / b. img. Designed by Freepik / c. img. escapistmagazine.com/
forums/read/7.224575-McDonalds-Attacked-For-Horrifying-Marvel-Happy-Meals?page=5 / e.
img. Back to School Clothes- Kids Style - idioms pag.42 / 2. img. clipartxtras.com/download/
c0d81353e4def4dc238fb8b144a5adc078ea7709.html

Unit 3 - cover page pag.48 / 1. img. telemundodeportes.com/Juegos-Olimpicos-Rio-Janeiro-2016/

atleta-del-dia-abbey-dagostino-16-de-agosto-2016-fotos - UNIT 3 Lesson 1 - Reading pag.51 / 1.
img. Designed by luis_molinero Freepik - UNIT 3 Lesson 3 - Listening pag.61 / 1. img. shutterstock.
com/es/video/clip-9282692-stock-footage-a-man-with-flowers-waiting-for-his-woman-in-the-
city.html - Listening pag.62 / 3. img. pngtree.com. Vocabulary pag.63 / 1. img. lhco.co.uk/Orca-
Bay-Cherokee-Premium-Deck-Shoes-p1840.html#.Ww9qoUgvxPY / 2. img. thesolemates.com/
blogs/be-inspired/the-surprising-origin-of-the-red-high-heel / 3. img. surfdome.es/chanclas-
havaianas_-_flip-flop-havaianas-brasil-logo_-_marine-blue-82317 / 4. img. soccercorner.com/
Nike-Magista-Orden-II-FG-Soccer-Cleats-p/sm-ni843812-008.htm / 5. img. newrepublicman.
com/products/dominic-loafer-black?variant=21455708931 - pag.64 / 1. img. shutterstock.
com / 5. img. Designed by Bearfotos Freepik - Idioms pag.65 / 1. img. englishhelponline.
me/2011/07/03/idiom-to-not-be-setwritten-in-stone/ 2. img. bluerockpublicradio.com/lunch-
with-grandma-generates-great-eulogy-ideas-3cc0cd8ba59c / 3. img. sanjuan8.com/ovacion/
impensado-hace-unos-anos-una-potencia-del-futbol-mundial-no-llena-su-cancha-n1526709.
html - INSPIRATIONAL STORIES pag.66 / 1. img. lovetotherescue.org/congratulations-to-our-
patient-kechi/ 2. img. naija.fm/naija-artiste/sosoliso-plane-crash-survivor/ - Let’s Practice -
Vocabulary pag.71 / 1. img. Designed by Senivpetro Freepik

Unit 4 - cover page pag.74 / 1. img. nationalgeographic.com.es/historia/actualidad/los-

frescos-de-la-capilla-sixtina-vieron-la-luz-hace-500-anos_6667/ - UNIT 4 Lesson 1 - READING
COMPREHENSION pag.76 / 1. img. forward.com/life/family/385609/how-jewish-day-schools-
are-excluding-the-disabled-and-what-we-can-do-about/ - Lesson 3 - Speaking pag.87
/ 1. img. Trilce-Teletón / 2. img. uk.gofundme.com/39s6g39n / 3. img. shutterstock / 4. img.
lacoyuntura.cl/personas-en-situacion-de-calle-el-despojo-de-la-sociedad/ - Reading pag.88 /
1. img. csmonitor.com/World/Making-a-difference/2016/1222/This-woman-has-helped-more-
than-4-500-disabled-people-get-jobs - Vocabulary pag.90 / 1. img. columnazero.com/bungee-
jumping-primera-experiencia/, 6. img. salmon-festival.com/event/paintball-pure-adrenaline-
sponsored-pizza-delight-scores-4/ 7. img. reddit.com/r/formula1/comments/1kntgw/
how_i_spent_my_monday_morning_silverstone_driving/, 8. thrivetofive.org/book-picks.html
353
 Photo Credits
Unit 5 - cover page pag.98 / 1. img. youtube.com/watch?v=hefFf1wVIvk / UNIT 5 Lesson 1 -
Grammar pag.99 / 1. img. canacopegdl.com/single.php?id=https://public.tailbase.com/
image/664/CoffeeStain.png / 2. img. kingsiii.com/help-phone-blog/all-about-elevators/from-
emergency-communications-experts:-how-to-handle-getting-stuck-in-an-elevator.asp / 3.
img. Designed by Freepik / 4 . img. auna.pe/como-reconocer-el-bullying-escolar-y-ayudar-
nuestros-hijos/ - Lesson 2 - Listening pag.105 / 1. img. gde.md/news/sport/301-innovacionnye-
rolikovye-konki-chariot-skates.html / 2. img. amazon.es/Reloj-eclock-pulsera-cuarzo-eks18013/
dp/B07B2Y9PXT / 3. img. thatsclever.co.uk/product/3-in-1-power-bank/ 4. img. partymilk.
club/clear-toaster/s - Grammar - pag.106 / 1. img. lavahotdeals.com/us/cheap/lg-watch-
smartwatch-running-android-wear-refurb-49/47527 / 2. img. chariotskates.com/about.html.
Reading - pag.108 / 1. img. baws.ae/take-sip-burj-khalifa/ - Lesson 3 - pag.112 / 1. img. Designed
by Javi_Indy / Freepik - Vocabulary pag.114 / 1. img. wfhorne-co.com/blog/dont-panic-receive-
irs-notice/

Unit 6 - cover page pag.119 / 1. img. imagenes.4ever.eu/animales/la-vida-acuatica/

los-peces-en-los-corales-151430 - UNIT 6 Lesson 1 - Reading pag.120 / 1. img. muz1.tv/
events/7402 / 2. img. vorply.com/celebrity/list/the-resemblance-between-these-hollywood-
actors-and-their-stunts-is-just-uncanny/list/2/ - pag.121 / 2. img. recreoviral.com/creatividad/
celebridades-con-sus-dobles/ - B. Match the words with its definition. pag.123 / 1. img. server-
support-company.com/31-incredible-tri-axle-dump-trucks-for-sale-images-ideas/dump-
trucks-for-sale-in-arkansas-with-peterbilt-379-dump-truck-for-sale-as-well-as-w900-dump-
truck-for-sale-or-part-time-dump-truck-driver/ 2. img. canacopegdl.com/single.php?id=https://
www.freeimageslive.co.uk/files/images009/roof_chimneys.jpg / 3. img. lesateliers.info/
addcthis-cliff-landform.htm - Lesson 2 - Vocabulary pag.129 / 1. img. tarihiolaylar.com/
tarihi-olaylar-detay.php?id=382 / 2. img. aarp.org/espanol/trabajo/busqueda-de-empleo/
info-2015/foto-empleos-inusuales-bien-pagados.html#slide1 / 3. img. deepblu.com/org/
e0890fd032ad11e8b78c4fc8a02c0a31/services / 4. img. tacafacafe.com/2015/01/Tasting-food-
dogs-and-cats.html / 5. img. gatuajshendetshem.com/14-punet-te-shpifura-ne-bote-ju-ti-
benit/ 6. img. socialmediarage.com/tiny-desk-series / 7. img. aminoapps.com/c/russkii-anime/
page/blog/10-samykh-strannykh-traditsii-iaponii/Enar_VgCPuwrzjblw5NdLeljzKdPQXj3QX
/ 8. img. tynmagazine.com/netflix-lanza-un-modo-offline-para-ver-contenidos-
sin-conexion/ - Lesson 3 - Grammar pag.132 / 1. img. m.blog.naver.com/PostView.
nhn?blogId=blaze_terran&logNo=220921940095&proxyReferer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.
google.com.pe%2F, / 2. img. blog.naver.com/PostView.nhn?blogId=blaze_
terran&logNo=220921940095&proxyReferer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.pe%2F / 3.
img. imagen-pelicula-no-se-aceptan-devoluciones. Speaking pag.134 / 1. img. collider.com/
amazing-spider-man-movie-poster/ 2. img. themoviedb.org/movie/354912-coco/images/
posters 3. img. Marvel Studios / 4. img. imdb.com/title/tt2543472/mediaviewer/rm2274449664,
5. img. amazon.co.uk/Fast-Furious-8-Vin-Diesel/dp/B071QWP6NX - INSPIRATIONAL STORIES
pag. 137 / 1. img. goalcast.com/2018/01/09/ed-sheeran-life-story/ - Big project pag. 144 / 1. img.
losmitoterosweb.com/noticias-cine/leonardo-di-caprio/ 2. img. keptarolo.hu/s12982215/45.jpg

Unit 7 - cover page pag.146 / 1. img. Designed by Jannoon028 Freepik - UNIT 7 Lesson 1 -
LISTENING pag.147 / 1. img. Designed by Freepik - Reading comprehension pag.149 / 1. img.
Rainbow Girl Hair Styles: youtube.com/watch?v=2nEpVBrCOC0 - Grammar pag.152 / 1. img.
Designed by Freepik - UNIT 7 Lesson 2 - Vocabulary pag.161 / a. img. Designed by yanalya
Freepik / b. img. Designed by Javi_indy Freepik / c. img. Designed by Freepik / e. img. Designed
by senivpetro Freepik / g. img. Designed by nensuria Freepik

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- UNIT 7 Lesson 3 - LISTENING pag.164 / 1. img. enamorando.me/signos-de-lenguaje-corporal-
que-indican-que-le-gustas-una-chica/ - SPEAKING TIME pag.166 / 1. img. Designed by Freepik
/ 2 . img. vix.com/es/imj/152232/25-cosas-que-analizamos-de-un-hombre-despues-de-la-
primera-cita - Idioms pag.167 / 1. img. lovepanky.com/flirting-flings/dating-game/blind-dating-
tips-for-a-happy-blind-date / 2. img. Designed by jcomp Freepik / 3. img. toonpool.com/
cartoons/Marriage%20on%20the%20rocks_191102 / 4. img. Uploaded by: WikivisualLicense:
Creative Commons - UNIT 7 Lesson 4 - Let’s Practice pag.171 / 1. img. Cavan Images/Iconica/
Getty Images / 3. img. cuatro.com / 4. img. Designed by Kues Freepik / 5. img. Designed by
benzoix Freepik

Unit 8 - cover page pag.173 / 1. img. abc.net.au/news/2016-01-28/a-starters-gun-at-a-

race/7112902 - UNIT 8 Lesson 1 - Mysterious situations pag.174 / 1. img. nuevamujer.com/
actualidad/2018/01/16/muerto-investigador-privado-caso-madeleine.html - pag.175 / 1.
img. sci-news.com/othersciences/anthropology/easter-island-population-05245.html - The
Snapchat Murder pag.176 / 1 - 2. img. radaronline.com/photos/delphi-murders-indiana-teens-
pics-suspect-new-sketch-abigail-williams-liberty-german-snapchat-killer/ 3. img. youtube.com/
watch?v=Ysc6WSMuLpU - Grammar pag.177 / 1 - 2. img. dailymail.co.uk/news/article-5381385/
No-arrests-Delphi-murders-teen-girls-year-on.html - pag 178 / 1. img. drphil.com/videos/sibling-
of-murdered-teen-recalls-the-last-words-she-said-to-her-sister/ - Vocabulary pag.180 / 1. img.
Designed by onlyyouqj Freepik / 2. img. Designed by jannoon028 reepik / 3. img. Designed by
Freepik / 4. img. viajarconunproposito.wordpress.com/2017/02/11/diferencias-entre-trekking-
senderismo-hiking-y-excursionismo/ - UNIT 8 Lesson 3 - Speaking time pag.189 / 5. img.
mundomejorchile.com/425.html / 6. img. andina.pe/agencia/noticia-lineas-nasca-misterio-e-
historia-deslumbran-al-mundo-642810.aspx - Idioms pag.191 / 1. img. buhomag.elmundo.es/
celebrities/famosos-en-carcel/ 2. img. Designed by freepic.diller Freepik / 3. img. Designed by
Asier_Relampagoestudio Freepik

Unit 9 - cover page pag.196 / 1. img. bsnscb.com/ant-wallpapers/39465371.html - UNIT 9

Lesson 1 - Childhood Memories pag.197 / 1. img. jserban.blogspot.com/2018/05/childhood-
memories.html / 2. img. sg.carousell.com/p/ready-stock-super-soft-winnie-the-pooh-soft-
toy-plush-toy-129466628/ - pag.198 / 2. img. Crazy indoor foam pit fort war! youtube.com/
watch?v=25EcppNUYhw / 3. img. samaa.tv/opinion/2017/03/impacts-of-cartoons-on-children/
pag.199 / 1. img. quickanddirtytips.com/parenting/school-age/5-ways-to-manage-your-childs-
first-crush / 2. img. Designed by Freepik / 3. img. Designed by Pressfoto Freepik - Vocabulary
pag.202 / 1. img. kreposti.info/%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8A%D0%BA%D1%8A%D1%82-
manzanares-el-real/ 2. img. westinstore.com/product.aspx?Ultra-Luxe-Sheet-Set / 3. img.
Designed by mrsiraphol Freepik / 4. img. Designed by Freepik / 5. img. Designed by mrsiraphol /
6. img. freegreatpicture.com/childrens-album/exercise-ability-of-the-pigtails-girl-52571 - UNIT 9
Lesson 3 - vocabulary pag.207 / 1. img. hai-technology.com/en/es/segway-off-road-18/ 2. img.
Designed by yanalya Freepik / 3. img. Designed by Kaboompics Freepik / 4. img. Designed by
Onlyyouqj Freepik / 5. img. Designed by Freepik / 6. img. Designed by Freepik / 7. img. Designed
by Freepik - Idioms pag.211 / 2. img. guiainfantil.com/articulos/ocio/cuentos-infantiles/el-nino-y-
los-dulces-fabula-de-esopo-para-ninos/ 3. img. Insight 2016, Ep 25: Child Free - youtube.com/
watch?v=JYG9APhgijg - Did you know? pag.212 / 1. img.icebreakerideas.com/red-light-green-
light-game/ - pag.213 / 1. img. playitsafesports.com/2015/09/25/dont-touch-tag/- Inspirational
stories pag.214 / 1. img. tv.bt.com/tv/tv-news/manchester-attack-survivor-hollie-booth-through-
to-next-bgt-round-11364265866431 / -

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pag.215 / 1. img. dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-5640619/Britains-Got-Talent-Manchester-
terror-attack-victim-leaves-Ant-McPartlin-tears-dances.html

UNIT 10 - cover page pag.220 / 1. img. nicekicks.com/kicks-on-court-classic-michael-jordan-

wearing-every-air-jordan/ - UNIT 10 Lesson 1 - New york sports pag.221 / 1. img. blog.
sportswhereiam.com/2016/05/nyc-sports-calendar/ 2. img. Getty Images - pag.222 / 1. img.
aviewfrommyseat.es/large-photo/39863/Madison+Square+Garden/section-209/row-10/
seat-1/ - My Favorite Sport pag.223 / 1. img. tudorwatch.com/born-to-dare/article/world-rugby
- pag.224 / 1. img. cricbuzz.com/cricket-news/97228/live-cricket-score-india-vs-australia-2nd-
odi-kolkata / 2. img. scottishrugby.org/domestic-rugby / 3. img. solobasket.com/blog/cjimenez/
la-cantera-de-la-penya-radiante-el-primer-equipo-en-alerta-roja - pag.225 / 1. img. Designed
by Senivpetro Freepik / 2. img. Designed by Freepik - UNIT 10 Lesson 2 - Vocabulary pag.229
/ 1. img. worldversus.com/RealMadrid-vs-FCBarcelone / 2. img. Designed by Freepik / 3. img.
Designed by Bedneyimages Freepik / 4. img. Designed by Bearfotos / Freepik / 5. img. Designed
by Freepik - UNIT 10 Lesson 3 - Football and money pag.231 / 1. img. Designed by peoplecreations
/ Freepik - pag.232 / 1. img. footballfancast.com/premier-league/newcastle-united/have-
newcastle-finally-found-the-missing-ingredient - Speaking - pag.233 / 1. img. soyreferee.com/
futbol/futbol-internacional/varo-es-el-futbolista-que-mas-dinero-gana-en-el-mundo-unos-
cuantos-dolares/ - Idioms pag.235 / 2. img. mengasahhati.com/riba-adalah-penyakit-jiwa/
3. img. fool.com.au/2017/09/07/directors-just-bought-400000-worth-of-shares-in-this-small-
cap-company/ 4. img. itsbetterhandmade.com/needle-felted-homeless-mouse-will-work-for-
cheese/ - UNIT 10 Lesson 4 - Reading pag.238 / 1. img. rugbyworldcup.com/news/103756?lang=es
- pag.239 / 1. img. Courtesy of Getty

Unit 11 - cover page pag.241 / 1. img. casareal.es/VA/ArchivoMultimedia/Paginas/archivo-

multimedia_galerias-de-fotos-detalle.aspx?data=160558 - UNIT 11 Lesson 1 - Unusual Animals
pag.242 / 1. img. Angus Grant: the-dots.com/projects/sunday-times-ray-mears-charlie-
clift-148884 - pag.243 / 1. img. whatsontv.co.uk/news/we-quiz-the-king-of-the-wilderness-
ray-mears-169139/ - UNIT 11 Lesson 2 - Ocean encounters pag.247 / 1. img. animalanswers.
co.uk/classes/fish/will-sharks-be-wiped-out-for-good/ - pag.248 / 1. img. iStock - Grammar
pag.251 / 1. img. Designed by katemangostar Freepik / 2. img. Designed by Freepik - pag.252 /
1. img. Designed by Freepik / 2. img. Designed by Freepik - pag.255 / 1. img. Designed by Asier_
relampagoestudio / Freepik / 2. img. Designed by Freepik / 3. img. By hope @ additude / 4.
img. amorh.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/goldfish-freedom.jpg / 5. img. tbarmcamps.org/
blog/thumbs-game-changer-829 / 6. img. paintthegownred.com/kittens / 7. img. timenewsfeed.
files.wordpress.com/2013/04/circus-tiger.jpg%3Fw=260 - pag.256 / 2. img. the74million.org/
article/when-kids-cant-attend-the-great-school-just-across-the-street-we-must-break-down-
the-invisible-walls/ - 3. img. thepioneerwoman.com/cooking/perfect-sunny-side-up-eggs/ 4.
img. preps.heraldtribune.com/2016/04/20/mustangs-girls-sarasota-boys-win-districts/ 6. img.
Designed by Freepik - UNIT 11 Lesson 3 - Listening pag.258/ 1. img. zoobooks.com/wallaby-
mob/ - Reading pag.259/ 1. img. wall.alphacoders.com/big.php?i=458498 / 2. img. walldevil.
com/stonefish-wallpaper-234177/ - pag.260 / 1. img. kenikin.com/jellyfish-wallpaper-mobile-
x9q/ - Idioms pag.264 / 2. img. Designed by benzoix / Freepik / - UNIT 11 Lesson 5 - Writing Tips
pag.268/ 1. img. pinterest.es/pin/858287641456863235/?lp=true

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 Photo Credits
Unit 12 - cover page pag.270 / 1. img. maurazzo.tv/4371-por-retraso-de-tres-horas-celebran-
graduacion/ - UNIT 12 Lesson 1 - Let’s Celebrate! pag.271 / 1. img. blog.bestday.com.ar/los-
paises-para-pasar-una-blanca-navidad/ 2. img. lainformacion.com/mundo/pekin-entra-en-
el-ano-nuevo-sin-petardos-ni-fuegos-artificiales/6342320 - pag.272 / 1. img. Siagian Getty
Images / 2. img. shutterstock - pag.273 / 1. img. us.fiftydegreesnorth.com/article/countdown-to-
christmas-nordic-festive-food / 2. img. venturesafrica.com - Listening pag.275 / 1. img. Designed
by www.slon.pics Freepik / 2. img. Designed by www.slon.pics Freepik / 3. img. Designed by
www.slon.pics Freepik / 4. img. guoguiyan.com/september-wallpapers/68492192.html / 5.
img. smashingmagazine.com/2017/09/desktop-wallpaper-calendars-october-2017/ 6. img.
ci.buffalo.mn.us/buffalo-community-breakfast/august-3/ 7. img. Designed by Freepik / 8. img.
teambonding.com/programs/pumpkin-carving/ 9. img. Designed by Valeria_Aksakova Freepik -
pag.276 / 1. img. Designed by Freepik / 3. img. Designed by Senivpetro Freepik - Grammar pag.278
/ 1. img. Designed by Freepik - pag.279 / 1. img. Designed by Freepik - pag.280 / 1. img. Designed
by Freepik - UNIT 12 Lesson 2 - Vocabulary pag.287 / 1. img. discovernorthiowa.com/event/
mason-city-community-christmas-dinner/ 2. img. bestoballoons.com/ 3. img. kerryondancing.
co.uk/about-us/ 4. img. disneytouristblog.com/2-day-magic-kingdom-plan/ 5. img. health.
usnews.com/health-news/health-wellness/articles/2014/12/10/hallelujah-caroling-is-good-
for-your-health / 6. img. trinitybarvenue.ie/young-party/ - UNIT 12 Lesson 3 - Listening pag.289
/ 1. img. kid101.com/feb-10-12-things-to-do-in-new-york/lunar-new-year-family-festival-1/ -
Idioms pag.298 / 1. img. Designed by freepic.diller Freepik / 2. img. Designed by Freepik / 3. img.
Creative Commons - Did you know? pag.299 / 1. img. blog.postable.com/23-snazzy-grown-up-
adult-birthday-party-ideas/ 2. img. twitter.com/garethreesjones/status/638093173798084608
- pag.300 / 1. img. taringa.net/posts/humor/20077139/Con-que-te-fajaban-lince-Con-cinto-
o-garrote.html / 2. img. sweetnorwesterly.com/2017/05/31/on-the-decapitation-of-ebony-
structured-doll-cake/#jp-carousel-5262 / 3. img. blog.teacherspayteachers.com/whos-in-
your-circles-a-fresh-get-to-know-you-activity/ - pag.301 / 1. img. hmasterfile.com/search/en/
ear+pulling - Inspirational Story pag.302 / 1. img. theinsyder.com/walt-disney-sued-for-queen-
of-katwe-soundtrack/ - pag.303 / 1. img. disney.wikia.com/wiki/Phiona_Mutesi - pag.304 /
1. img. isaac kasamani/afp/Getty Images - UNIT 12 Lesson 5 - Big Project pag.308 / 1. img.
menofthewest.net/traditional-christian-families-christmas/ 2. img. commercialpropertyconnect.
com/happy-chinese-new-year/ 3. img. skytouchtechnology.com/blog/valentines-day-can-
romance-bottom-line/ 4. img. todayifoundout.com/index.php/2017/11/eat-turkey-thanksgiving/
5. img. surrey.ca/culture-recreation/1859.aspx

WORKBOOK

Workbook Unit 1 pag.311 / 1 - 2. img. carteindar.blogspot.com/2012/07/minciunile-adultilor-

indicii-ale.html / 3. img. ilovepapers.com/hn15-pink-hair-asian-kpop-girl/ 4. img. Designed by
Freepik - Workbook Unit 2 pag.314 / 1. img. minimalistbaker.com/curried-quinoa-salad/ 2. img.
veganyumminess.com/vegan-nacho-cheese/ 3. img. Designed by mrsiraphol / Freepik / 4. img.
etiquetaenergetica.com/hervir-agua-ahorrando-energia/ 5. img. nexofin.com/notas/549491-
sabias-mas-del-60-del-salmon-rosado-consumido-en-la-ciudad-esta-contaminado-n-/
6. img. loquecomi.blogspot.com/2010/10/hojaldres-de-solomillo-la-mostaza-con.html

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 Photo Credits
Workbook Unit 5 pag.323 / 1. img. pxhere.com/es/photo/1054193 / 2. img. soysaludable.
xyz/2018/06/02/20-profesiones-las-se-gana-mucho-dinero-perfectas-personas-timidas/ 3.
img. clinicabruselas.com/peeling-prepara-la-piel-para-el-verano/ 4. img. pinsdaddy.com/
brackish-food_zCs3y7YsBYF*3o1I*GAb972YmDCaCS8zW1jWWm3Q19Q/ 5. img. unpakt.com/
blog/pack-and-organize-your-clothes/ 6. img. barentsrescue.wordpress.com/2011/09/21/
challenging-rescue-operation/ 7. img. Designed by rawpixel.com Freepik

Workbook Unit 6 pag.328 / 1. img. thesun.co.uk/living/4247135/dwayne-the-rock-johnsons-

stuntman-cousin/ 2. img. facel.es/index.php/comercializacion-de-cables-afectados-por-la-
cpr/ 4. img. thewonderfulworldofdance.com/scottish-ballet-rehearses-matthew-bournes-
highland-fling/l-r-scottish-ballet-dancers-rehearse-matthew-bournes-highland-fling-min-2 / 5.
img. marmorinforma.mx/visita-y-descansa-en-la-grieta-de-un-cerro-en-malinalco/38221/

Workbook Unit 12 pag.348 / 1. img. cincinnaticathedral.com/holy-week-2019/ 2. img. playbuzz.

com/frodoh10/what-kind-of-neighbor-are-you / 3. img. beti gorse Istock - Thinkstock /

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 References and Sources
UNIT 3

LESSON 1
LISTENING: elllo.org
READING: Adapted from: metro.co.uk/2015/11/17/13-mistakes-we-all-made-as-a-teenager

LESSON 3
LISTENING: Taken from website: esol.britishcouncil.org
INSPIRATIONAL STORY: Taken from bustle.com/p/who-is-kechi-okwuchi-the-americas-got-
talent-contestant-is-a-singer-survivor

LESSON 4
GRAMMAR: Adapted from: Maurer Jay and Schoenberg Irene. True Colors 4. Longman

UNIT 4

LESSON 1
READING: Taken from: British Council: learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/magazine/disability)

LESSON 3
READING: Taken from: csmonitor.com/World/Making-a-difference/2016/1222/This-woman-
has-helped-more-than-4-500-disabled-people-get-jobs

UNIT 6

LESSON 2
VOCABULARY: theundercoverrecruiter.com/weirdest-jobs-world/ and weburbanist.
com/2009/11/30/from-vomit-collectors-to-worm-pickers-13-bizarre-jobs/

UNIT 8
LESSON 1
READING: Taken from The Sun, by Sam Webb. 27th April 2018
READING 2: Taken from The Sun: thesun.co.uk/news/5138886/snapchat-murder-abigail-
williams-liberty-german-killer-family-search/)

UNIT 9

LESSON 1
READING: Adapted from: lifestyle.allwomenstalk.com/childhood-memories-you-never-
forget/7?lastslide)

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