Ray optics

Geometric optics Reflection Refraction

Ray nature or light
Wave optics Physical optics Reflection Refract
Interference Polaris a
I wave nature of light diffraction
Quantum optics
Photo Electric
Quantum nature OF light effect
Production of
x Rays
 G optics

Tetraction
Reflection
Fromplay Surface Plane surface
spherical surface sphericalSurface

Assumption Rectilinear propagation

of light
Real existence
geometrical tool
no
It's a
Ray visualise the path of light
un to
Beam Bunch of Rays
diverging
beam
Parallel bears converging
How we see things

µdire y
f
 Object Source of incident ray for an
optical device

of intersection of
It is the point
incident light ray ÉppÉÉ
w

It the incident ray

to intersect
Real
Virtual
object f point of intersection of
object convening orgs
OF the incident ray actually
intersect
point of intersection of diverging
 as

Image point of intersection of Reflected

or Refracted light ray

image if the reflected
virtual appear to meet
or refracted ray
Real image
or
I
7
II
of reflected S Airto
refractory atom Rea
image peals
intersect
 I

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I
 µ
B
T
Mtp Etf
h sin
t
y
day og sin is
it Li e
mÉmom
Bring time Fermat's principle

travels from one point to the

Whey light
same meds or different me dm
other in for time of
which
it will alway follow path a

travel will be minimum

 rat a outward dir
q give
h Riggs I
QQ Ra
10
Icoso
in I
It 2 Cos Re R
I 8 it 0
I I 2 II I

I Is l l cos it o
cos o
Deviation due to Reflection

t
ji 8 5 229
I y
22
8
8 IT

8 0
LIFE i th
 Find deviation of light ray
s or
i 8 3002

Find total deviation after 2

Igf successive reflections

I A
81 45 2012 T
Ii It 82 202
8 8 82 5 Y cu
 Find total deviation
after 2 reflections

É p't
L
get
13 209
I Sitt old Q
2 0
82 IT
i
a
gtfo 81 82
IT 8
T 20 204 B 217 20
QQ
p
 Rotation Effects

case I mirror is fixed incident say Rotated

Reflected win
Rp ray
I be rotated with the
same vet but
angular
1 in opposite dish
Case 2 Incident ray Fixed mirror rotated

Reflected will
ray
N N be rotated with angular
ite p
speed 2W in same dish
120 R
o

iii is
to
E
I É
 I l EY
A light beam is incident

mirror at an
on a
angle
to g noo mirror starts
2nd rotating with angular rel w

a find velocity of
light spot
q on wall
I ussink
VVS VsSino
2 Fino 23g
vs
Tfo
 wall

IF
Is T
tana
E
Y a co to
y
2 f losedo dog
I Ey
us r
an e
Irs Vs Fmg

My 2W
Image Formation in Plane mirror

ri
ie s
g
y
I virtual
Real virtual
 i

jen
c
I
n
Y
 to distance of object
1 From the mirror 18 distance
ÉÉ 9,1 of image from mirror
4 virtual
Real
do edit
Extended objects

A I Al
Br Bl n

I
I Al B Bl
A
I
B I E
I Laterally inverted
 In plane mirror
o z's real CI virtual
1 OF
I real
O is virtual

i 2 Image size Object size

3 Lateral inversion
Itsuki
4 Object distance
Al Image distance
Field of view vision

ii
For
s
s
Iff

OF
FOV depends on posh
and length of
object and mirror
mirror
B

AI IE
ITL AB 242

2L 7 EEE E To
AM the man starts moving nth constant
be cap
Is vet u For what time duration
see the of the object
image
 320

s b
I l60
20
6g 96,0
 so

e
t
 System is released from
4 self Find time duration
For which the man can
see the image of the
An object
I a
zti a
1min g
ME 18 L N 22
MEfixed L 3ns n
My ni Eat
velocity of Image
5
I 5m15 3 541
I says
1 43
Ins I II 14
2,55ms
Ris i to I
9M
Is to mirror
there will be no relative speed
I bw object and image parallel
a
guy to mirror

N Y

day dy I am

5 1 5

Voth VI I VI VI 9 MS

Tim Tom VI Tm ri vis

 12 12
18ms
C 8 16 1 187
VI 1 E
1 52 of
VI
 Find relative rel
btwthe two images
a
Mz
sino
g

MI
i i s
Vyj2usino

verso
sino veoso
I 10 p
since
V Iz
Multiple Reflections

I
7
1

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 MZ
I

t I i s
Is
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b
b
I
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Mr
 My
Find total hoof

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20
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68
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4121140 I
160
100

140
60
160
601 360
y I more than so
 Spherical mirrors

It's a spherical surface of which mirror is a

part

s i
I

s
f concave

convex mirror
Basic defns
of the mirror
1 Pole The maxm bulged point
is called pole mid print of mirra

Po
pole
2 Aperature of mirror diameter of mirror

diameter of min
3 Centre Of Curvature
It's the centre of the sphere of
which mirror is a part
It's the radius of the
4 Radius of Curvature
of which mirror
is a part
sphere
5 Principal axis the line passing through
and perpendicular to
Coc and pole of mirror
diameter of mirror
Paraxial Rays
very close to principal axis
pay
For paraxial Ray angle
OF incidence will be very
small

Marginal Ray Ray far

away
from principal axis
 Focus and Focal length
after
Paraxial ray parallel to principal axe's
reflection from the mirror converge at a print
concave mirror or appear to diverge from a

P A convex mirror this print is

print on
called Focal
diverging merry
p F
converging convex min
con are

Focal length Distance btw poleand Focus

Focalpland It's a plane passing through
Fours and perpendicular to P A

F p toth f P

Parallel ray which are not parallel to principal axe's

after reflection will converge at a point on the
Focal plane
 Relation b w Focal length and Radius

i l
an cos i R

Il
it R
R
if s PF f
E
R
For paraxial TM f R
Eosi
220 Cosi I 1
f R 1 Tosi
f
 z I Find angle of incidence for
p which the after reflecting
C say
will pass through the pole

Focal length to

f RCI Ews o

Cosi E
i 60
Standard Ray For Image Tracing

a
7 f
y F i g
Normal incidence
0 I C lie in one

38 A light
line
ray always
retraces its path when it
is reversed
 i s I
P F
IF
r
E O c

I
a
co
Sign Convention

All distances will be measured From Pole of the

mirror

Distances measured along the incident say are

taken to be tve and opposite to it are negative
coordinates tr P A are taken ve if it is
above the P A and ve if it is below the
p A
 mirror formula Paraxial and small aperture
Tay
mirror

q ng g p
hp
y p ti
t pyo p Ii
e Y eyes 7 4 213
Y L B i will be I th 2,1
very small
tuna L 4 It to
u v v v f f
Sign convention
t
 mirror
Magnification by spherical

Transverse Longitudinal

OF Image
Transverse magnification m height
height of object

ho
n s
t
tano
hi
go t
n m

Ut v v
ng v g
a e hottie hi ve

I I ye
M LO t Image is inverted

M 70 Image is erect

1m17 I Image is enlarged

Image is diminished
pm et
 Longitudinal magnification
For object dimension parallel to P A

along the p A
length of Image
longitudinal Length of object
VA E
B A Al B

UA
Muong
TVEIT
Up OF the object size is very small
I to I musk E
m2
ta
 Image speed
parallel to P A
care 1 Object moving
Rate of change of obj
distance object speed

Rate of change of image

distance Image speed
I I dye to dat
E It
tip f Tip
2 object moving to to P A

T
Flp
ftp.a.thod m
hi
mh dhg
mdhgthodIe
 Image formation in spherical mirror
case I Real object and concave mirror
Fr red object
b U
is o to d

I I p
E E
v w ve f
V 2f V
271m41
U f V D Exactly
can't be
object 2s at pole U ft ve d said
when
some U f v tb
image will be of
size U O V O
case II Virtual object and concave mirror
a virtual osien
object distance will

ptg
Vary From o to A

0 0 V O I I
Ve f
Whey object
moves U b
From pole to tb image
to Focus
move from pole
win be erect and diminished
real
In this case image will
For a concave mirror
we can't have virtual
image for virtual object

to
 mirror
Cale 3 a Real object and convex
For object object
real

I distance win van from o

to W

I e c

I I
0 0 V 0

U D V tf
case 4 convex mirror and virtual object
For virtual object the

tf tf I object
o to b
distance will van from

p Y Y
O virtue
moves F to c C
0

refs real magnified O

0 0
I
Vite I virtual enlarged
V D
Left of Focus o moves to to I Will
y
a
 Zf 2 f

I
the
o.o

v0
RI
e L f P E f p

t
exact posh of Image
can't be said

É L I P
 i
r
s
c f p
c
r
F
s
y

Iformirror
convex

d f p
pat
prs
q

pr
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a

an
Eng
newton's
An
from
 I I
I to Io
v 15 cm

I p In top
I C o
I i

Co

V2 15cg
Tiny Cube L 32 I to
kg v Go

12 3
3L
m
I

9 31 32
LI 2
v
92

81 E
45C MET I plane
mirra
Image posh in 2
I t
E
Successive retention
Vi 15cm

At pole of convex mirror

 velocity of image
I t
to
Wythoff v 30

1 VI F f VoIp
VI 0 1 128
dhIq mdhythodft
I 32 Call
I
G F m
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L dayIN 1 14 40 f is 3 6
2
10 129
 I

VEN if'm V MV Mul

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V
Uy M

VII VII p Er Voipv

C v 1 v
 I

m 2 or 2
2 2
I I
d E ve 20 v 20

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 E
Eti v

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I
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 41

d En t Is
U
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MEEEE
20 25
m 3 É N
30
N 341 20 25

f Ngu 4.16cm Izu t

If
 For which o and I coincide ÉÉÉ
with each other dminm2t
Tiff dmat f
 r

Fa Egulb posh
kno no o 1am
my
W Ak
O
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A 1.5 Cm

t.E.IE
a.im EIIIEEEEtI
LI V2 V 1 2 C
 1
1 s

30cm
i son
not
I I noidea cos

1 5k
V
py 1 5 0 1 1 4cm

Ex t

to
 ve f
I t
E
HI m I heh ZXE z f

2
t
E ng If
É It hey
a f
 of mirrors
Cutting the mirror is gone

into smaller parts for

the same object we will
s get the same image but
g
i
brightness of image
g
É will decrease
 The mirror is cut into two parts then the two
parts are displaced by 1cm Find separation
b w the two images formed by the two mirrors
I

3cm to v

3
m

I 1er
o zoom I tem

43cm f 15cm
Sep 8cm
In
 Rotation of a mirror

by an
angle O PA
til will be notated by an

u angle o
Hence the point object
will behave as an
housino extended object

V10SO
Vo 2011
 Refraction From a plane Surface

medium to the other

travels From one
When light
there will be a change in speed of light
also a change in
change in path of light and
wavelength
I
Jx
Refractive Index Moon
Speed of lightin Vacuum
Refractive index of medium
a
speed of light in the
medium

I for Vacuum
pls E M
1 for air
µ
µ 711
denser at
Of Mr Y Mz in medium is
2nd anedm
 E
C
dos

v
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For transparent materials
µ get My 1 Mon magnetic
GRI M E F
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a e n Ns in a contr
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T
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B
T t i denser rare
away
from normal
dg Of
rarer denser towards
normal
My
vector form of Snell's law

pasini Msint I
I m
s
z
M IN MCR XI
is
8 Angular deviation Is
i r or o i k
 Find the total deviation
82 Suffered by the
Ray Whey
Ii it comes out of sphere
604
M s 302
air 82 304
int
Is into 8 60d
2 30
 He

vertical pole of pole in a pond

vertical

height h on ground half length ha inside

water of RI 35
Find
length of shadow of pole formed on bottom
Sun is coming at with
for both cases light so
horizontal
 h
e

ifs Gn
tan 36 II L2
M T2

4 8 tanzi a

55272 2 38
Isin 66
tan n
M ITN M ITN
per P M B
8315 10k 6 7 855 ion
I 613T
20
6312 183 90,2
I T
I atty T t z I
at 2 1 BE ZIT BER ER
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150

1 sin 450 Resins

sins
n

µ
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15 Isin 450 4Sins
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100cm
GET185J 1017
SET I ate K
EE I I I
106

i Cosi I
FEET MEIJI i so
60 5 sing
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2 450
Refraction through a
Rectangular glass slab
d
I air
on both sides of slab
are
y sr
equal then angle
t
m
EFF of incidence and
angle
of emergence will be
I D
equal
y air In this case the
Final say has no angular
D Lateral displacement deviation but it
suffers lateral displ
D Is sin i o
D Is sin i o

2 0
For near normal incidence

resin r
1 Sini
cost I 1
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it tf
it th MM I win in c
 I DM lensing arsine
Mpe Mating Massino
go
Masino MySindy
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pusina
DE the normals are parallel to each
other we can write Snell's law btw any two
prints M s i nd i cont
I I

I
 air D i n
too sin

t I É M M
s
th sett ma Yasin
t t M3
E
air
 i ra
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T t
A
ta
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f
 Medium with variable Refractive index
index varies
OF refractive
will not
µ place to place light
Follow line path
a
straight

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 Total internal Reflection

when travels from a denser medium to a

light
than a
rarer medium at an
angle greater
particular value of the light returns back
to denser medium This is called internal

reflection
denser I
I
rarer
T 2 0 Grazes the
j interface
2
Oct Reflection
g
y tis
Itinessin
 For TIR to take place
travel from denser medm to rarer mean
a Light sd

1 i partial
Oc reflection
and partial
I 7 refraction
r d order
fy y m
Masini Masino y g
Masino Masino Masini Mythey
sing Mfa mut
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Find the Oc value OF air water interface
4 3
Mw

air

18790
7 pews 39
with
 1 Draw the path of
Ms
My 312
light ray approx

µ p
TIR
at Ms 2 3527307 2210
Y
3
35in 30 YE NO TIR
To me

355730 3
2
 e
air
Mft 43 sin 530 7 I then T IR
glass 311
71 then The
rig
B
y 5
water Mat413

a the into the slab but not reach Cp

enters
ray
b won't enter the slab T IR at AB
c
Ray reaches CD and refracts into air
Ray reaches CD and TIR takes place
Grazing incidence
90

dense Masingo
ing 90
7
Masino
pared since
rarer
90
g Mosingo Masino
Ict denser
reversibility of light
retraces its path
light always
when it is reversed
of lightfrom
X glam air

travels dense
airfare rarer

X
 8
rarer FEE
pts
Oc i

ng

g r i till critical angle

0 i inc t s in c
e o 8
8 sin
Maasai i
i Oc 8 I O
i O 1,8 IT 229
2
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 It
m f
6 0,730
130
Draw the ray diagram 451 1450
if a 5 90 b 2 450

it
got
A Ising 0 525172 6 450
 To To
1
730 I l 7
605 1
I

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µ
µ 2

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pesina Isingo tune

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Find the value of Re for 2
may 90
which any light ray incident
on surface AB under
T IR at when 2 90
Surface BC goes 72 0
20 412 Qatly
MY
nos in a ng Sinai

Sino f
 2 72 sine N sing o
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B singo 2 Id in Oc P sing i
2 Siri Dez
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 Image formation by plane Surface Refraction

rared n

denser
IM
710 I

0
 normal
For near viewing Near normal incidence

is
Me I ness

denser

Mi d siniaistani ng
sin a a tan

I ME d gym
d app
died
d d both are measured from the
interface

Ene
d I
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altered
 Misini messing
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 An object is at a depth of 12cm in water
Find its apparent depth when viewed from air

normally Mwater 4 3

9cm
r
air dapp free
I
restart 12cm
sad 1
43 12
t 3cm
Item
 object kept at of 12am from
An is a
height
water surface Find its apparent height men
viewed
o normally

hazan

petty ten
d
y j
 A
Find distance at which
A
a A is viewed by B

pet 12cm b B is viewed by A

a
Image of A al seen by
12cm B
Bl
16 12
M t 12
1114
B
b 12 t 12 9
 71
Bottom of container is a plane
B mirror
g B and A
h obtain all the images OF

t which of the images

A and 13
are seen by

If it M
1
 B B can't see

Nh B
it can see it
II happen
B'can't see

n
v I
can see fish from mirror
v
µ
A'can't
ha Air
v 41 X1 in
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it
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1132
Images Of A A can't see

B
ETI
B can't see
can see it
the A
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A
a
2 A can't see
1
34111 Az B can see it
Az
II
water is filled in a container al Shon Bottom is a
concave mins of radius of curvature 2m Find the
r
distance of theobject d fo which
I
ped image is formed at object itself

O I will coincide if hits the

light
viii
poem mirror to by

i Md 10 20
 B n 2 wities OF A as seen

T B
y
Gang I
by 13 and vet OF B as seenSy

I MY do Balsams a

5,31A At MY

i f ee VB A of theday
pits S t f6
vet of A as seen by B
gop
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 Image formation with multiple medium

ME
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t
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 shift by a
single glass slab
Et
t
s I

7 S t 1
f
I It shift will always
I s µ happen
along the
t incident
air air say
We can use above
formula if bothsurfaces
of glam slab will be
 I early
20cm Find distance of object
tip
from con care
Is mirror such
that
image is formed on
4 s the object itself
zooms
Ett µ

Fcm
L I 21cm
5 3 l
4 1cm
 set i
te

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40 254 12

In a glass slab there will be no change in

speed
 B B can not see
T 13
a putt can see it
B
My dap
y
it
1 B B'can't see it
pentah triplanen'try

Iii.INB
Mh12h
jsiiiiiimit
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M1
Images Of A A can't see
A B can see
B

r hpfrom free surface

h ne
I A I Ii
mirror
h from plane

catty I B can't see

A can see
Az
AL he 3hr
A can't see B can see it
 Ms in a I sing

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 A narrow beam of diameter d e's incident on
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the spherical
bottom of hemisphere

It t f 3111
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It
d
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 Gen
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air

Ge o aime
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f
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60cm
 2nd principal Focus
First principal Focus
s M M

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tf
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g
tf tf MEI
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a slab
 A lens is mate transparent
of a
material

surfaces in general
bounded by two spherical
lens is small as compared
of
When the thickness
object distance etc they
to other dimensions like

we call it as Thin hen

if it
A thin lens is called Convex converging
thicker at the middle and concave diverging
is
under normal
if it is thinner at middle conditions
 I

I 1
iii

PE optical centre

Plano convex

II Plano concave
Focus

Parallel to P A after
2nd principal Focus ray do so
or appearto
on P A called
refraction passes through a
point
2nd principal focal
on the PA
focus It's a print
180 principal
start become parallel
From which when ray
to P A after refraction
f
A
IIe
1
z't medium on both sides will be equal
f fz
Lens maker Formula
Mo Mo
MI TE
m
in Am
i EE
E E MEE E
For Focal length
ut r v tf
My Miff ICE ME E
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condition i Thin lens Len's
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air air
Fu 1
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f
R R2 E Y
1
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E
M 11C Ed
air f o behaves like
air
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converging

In f
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 Fair
air
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f
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M 312

Y
f

E E NCE E
R 20cm 22 10 an
f tho
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mi

RI 10cm E E E
R to a
f 20cm y behaves as a

1 f O
diverging
Lens
of Mru diverging
f a
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IF medium on both sides of lens not Equal

per th M3
v

to mistress
F E my
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ME MEI MIT
Focal U f v b
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A
D
f
e
of
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behaves
since t and i are very small
as a glass
slab A will be negligible
 Transverse Lateral magnification

ho I 10 4
OF
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v
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m
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M
r

B A Al B f t
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Real object Red O

virtual object V O

Lf I I If
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if f d hoon ii d 25cm
mm
2mm
it 10cm
ma
my
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1
MF I If Z Mz I If
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OF 65cm from CO 4mm
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height
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n
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ten convex
f to an Y 5cm concave

so v

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y

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 Find a such that emergent
beam is a parallel beam
s
Find its diameter
y
d
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10cm I d 91

on
x 15cm
f 10cm f som
v
Concave
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Repeat
µ
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sche
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 Find final image
10cm
f I R 20cm
if d 40cm
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s
I
It
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ahoy
V 15740 30cm Final image at
f ist o a distance 10cm
Left of Lens
 I

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town
30in 420cm
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is at O it see
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10cm I 20cm
Etsu 30cm 7
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v
f 109
f 10cm
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N

a
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d
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f 10cm f
 n 151,24 Find Final co ordinate

Yr
ions iii v
Vzt2f
f e 2f f U Lf
1
m
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Pitre convey
p ve
diverging
power of lens p z
f Gin em
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combination of lenses

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1
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E
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 Find posy of final image
zoom

Motz
Of 20cm
f
If to to 203

tII
v town
 Roc 10am for an
312
Surfaces Find equivalent

Egon
4
Focal length

I It's
petty
f f f I
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13 E
f
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 Lens and mirror in contact
this siren behaves
mirror
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or A's as
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Pego convex mirror

Pet Pmt PL
peg Pmirror Farrar
feet of the fi RI
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th
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f Find posh of image

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po
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20cm
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to an t
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E
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fl 10
fee 2.5 Cm
mirror
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convex marry
i s 1
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Fea Ee t
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EEE 5cm
in

fee
100m System behaves
as a
U
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3
1104 feq
1
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decrease
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4 60
2
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m 9 2

Ty y m

mn 20mm
30m
150cm
 HI I I I
V20 V70 leas
f o convex
V0

f
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a
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if j have virtual image fora

T zf t2f virtual object

20
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o

274
D at
L 7
D Yf
b a real object and
The distance w

real image will be always greaterthan ht

 method to find focal length
Displacement

t E
fixed
g

N Dn tf D O
L D N
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DY Uf D Yt 2
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it as

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L
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A
to P A O moving to to
case I O moving parallel
P A

t t If he mho
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dig
Tip Iztolp Vip
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120
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Relative speed 716cm
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or
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8
312011644
 PRISM
solid transparent and
It is a homogenous

medium bounded by two plane

retracting
surfaces at an angle
refracting
 A B and Ac are
A
called as two refracting
F Surfaces
btw the two
Angle
retracting surfaces is

B C
called
angle of prism
 90 01 90 22 180
A
A
Ritz A

t E 01
µ g
D8 e z
it iii it S
e
I 8 Sit 8

g ite ritz

B C s ite A
Find Ti re e and S

Is
45
I I
1 sinus Asin 2 90
30 2 450
21
 btw S vs z
Graph A
J 2
it e A
S
2
I Hsin CA ri sine

il mi
je
e sin resin A on
sin
g e resin a sinks
D
8 8 it sinfusin A sin'tD A

no para
a

Not symmetric
 e I ji
I considering Refraction at
both surfaces
i f in
a le the graph
conclusions From
1
M
i at
1 there is an
angle
8 becomes minimum
which
8
A 2 S e's same for two angles
i A
g ite
Imax 9 i and e
Imagine É In this case
me
i 8 interchange with each
a other
3 There is a minimum angle of incidence

2 T 2
snow be
For to emerge out oz
light
led than Oc
will not emerging
then is imam light
out
when i imam 7 e 90 It Is se
I N
y
 Condition for minimum deviation
81 82 90 42 72
is e
190
8min ite A 22 A Alt Az

to Oa
In case of minm deviation 180
20 A
say passes symmetrically 0 90 12
or isosceles they
IF prism is
equilateral
to Base
ray inside prism is parallel
 22 A
8min
A t 8m
Z
2

Is in i Resins

m
III I
 Proof of minm deviation
1 Nti ie
I
al
wi e y In
ly n
y
a
Y R y
2 S it e a sin resiny sin resin on a

8 f ri tf A ri A

tf A ri 2 o
92 o g f ri

f A ri
f ri

T A r

201 A A L Ee
Condition For no emergence TIR

Tty
I
f No emergence 02 mhmOc
if my A T
may Oc
A Oe Oc

Tim will A 20
ax
depend on imax of A 720 irrespective
of incidence
imay 790 grimace angle light
can't ray out
 g

condition for emergence

02mad Oc
I
i f A T mens Oc
ing 0

IA Oc
Oc E A f 20 c TI R may or may not

it will depend on E
happen
Deviation from a thin Prism Small Angle
Of prism
Near normal incidence Niyaz A

1 Sini Resins

A ever
Da
i Lgém Moz e

S ite A
A
Mr t.mn
MA A
S M 1 A
Image Formation by thin Prism

she Da

IF
y as
 Ite A
30 30760 A

A to
8 50 40 16
30 Sy s

É 40 i
50
 X
53 fi
site A S
s
i 82 5 otets 9082
gps O
82 S e Go
e 40 y 370
 380
inn

8 44 42 62 A

A 60 1

22 A 420 620
Smi
38 25 60 1 490
 as
y
10 M DA
Ho
5 5
1010
 02
0 90 01790 22 180
9
24,90 0 22 2
I

Pino 2 18490
1 sin 45 fans
81 30

22 450 0 45 30 15
 I
I
It 175 D

8 46 1 A
EX20 1
48

I Is 730
6
he 3 5 V 150 Cm

m
I Ig 46
 pesinbo 15079oz
Tirso N
11
4,7 µ 312
3011450
 i
1 Sinai My sins

µ sin 90 21 MS in 83
µ 210523 Nz Santy

M cost My8m25
 sing
i Ti lo p g g z
l husinsi

84
84 28 27
212
2 sin 72 33
 01

Z sing Y s ing o

s in Oc
 Go BE a

E
Is onGo B Sun z
18798
13 Since
6 30
si
Oc
 I

µ Mdc Msmso
Map
Gira my Nz
1 204 10 8 74 1 45
1.911
x Goon n
Baptism n sin 30
2 30 a sin z
é
dispersion

Chauchy's Formula
A B are tve constants
N X A t 132
They will dependon
nature of material
pet x

V I B G Y OR S E

pesina com
Mr MR FIR
Mathematical defy of dispersion

date me A
Bye É
Eat.net.in i
Is
E while
going from a denser medium
to a

Vacuum medium Green light Just suffers TIR

for angle of incidence X Indentify which color

will definitely Fau TIR for the same angle of
incidence Sin Oct
te Sina Egreen
Dispersion by Prism
small angle of prism
S R 1 A
1 A fly Mady
Sr Cer
1 A
My
Sy
1 A
Sv Cer
Mean deviation
Angle of dispersion
1 A
Q Sr 812 Mw Rr A Sy My
1 Angular dispersion
 Power w
dispersive
97 is the ability to disperse the light
W dog

do Angle of dispersion
y.gg I spread of light
O mean deviation
M 1 A
do WO IN D A
do die a
on

wi W
Sig
 Find net dispersion
41 20
and net deviation

Nv 1 7 0 9 02
Mutt's
s
Mr 14 ppl 1 Mu Ren A ther der A

My MIX 0 go

81 82 My 1 A Ry 1 Al
8
30