Scribd
Upload
9 views

Java Module 4 Chapter 9

1) Packages are used to organize related classes and interfaces by grouping them into the same package. There are pre-defined and user-defined packages. 2) Packages provide access protection and prevent naming collisions. They allow for hierarchical organization of classes through sub-packages. 3) The CLASSPATH environment variable or -classpath command line option specifies where to find user-defined packages and classes. Import statements import classes from other packages to make them available in the current file.

Uploaded by

2022becs190
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
9 views

Java Module 4 Chapter 9

1) Packages are used to organize related classes and interfaces by grouping them into the same package. There are pre-defined and user-defined packages. 2) Packages provide access protection and prevent naming collisions. They allow for hierarchical organization of classes through sub-packages. 3) The CLASSPATH environment variable or -classpath command line option specifies where to find user-defined packages and classes. Import statements import classes from other packages to make them available in the current file.

Uploaded by

2022becs190
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 12

Packages

Defining a Package
Package: It arranges classes, interfaces, and sub packages into
a particular group.

2 types: pre-defined and user-defined.

The general form of the package statement:


package pkg;

Example –
package mypackage;
package mypackage;

public class Simple{


public static void main(String args[]){
System.out.println("Welcome to package");
}
}
Advantages of Package
1) used to categorize the classes and interfaces so that they
can be easily maintained.

2) provides access protection.

3) removes naming collision.


● We can create a hierarchy of packages

package pkg1[.pkg2[.pkg3]];
Example:
package java.awt.image;
Class path
1. The Java run-time system uses the current working
directory as its starting point.

2. We can specify a directory path or paths by setting the


CLASSPATH environmental variable.

3. Use the -classpath command-line option with java and


javac to specify the path to your classes.

Example: javac –classpath


C:\MyPrograms\Java\mypackage Simple.java
Finding Packages and CLASSPATH
package mypackage;
class Test {
int a, b;
Test(int x, int y) {
a = x; b = y;
}
void display() {
System.out.println("a= "+a+" b= "+b);
// Path here is: mypackage.PackageDemo
}
}
public class PackageDemo {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Test test = new Test(2,3);
test.display();
}
}
// A simple package
package mypackage;
class Balance {
String name;
double balance;
Balance(String name, double balance) {
this.name = name;
this.balance = balance;
}
void show() {
if( balance < 0 ) {
System.out.print("--> ");
}
System.out.println(name + ": $" + balance);
}
}
public class AccountBalance {
public static void main(String args[]) {
Balance accounts [] = new Balance[3];
accounts [0] = new Balance("K. J. Fielding", 123.23);
accounts[1] = new Balance("Will Tell", 157.02);
accounts [2] = new Balance("Tom Jackson", -12.33);
for(Balance account: accounts) account.show();
}
}
Access Protection
Importing Packages

● import pkg1[.pkg2].(classname|*);

● Example
● import java.util.Date; // import Date class under java.util
● import java.io.*; // import all classes under java.io
Lab Activity/Exercise 21
Develop a JAVA program to create a package called
mypackage. Define a class in mypackage. Import the
same class with a suitable import statement and test it
in a main program.

You might also like