QUICK

CARD
TM

Comparison of NFPA 704 and HazCom 2012 Labels

NFPA 704 HazCom 2012

Purpose Provides basic information for emergency Informs workers about the hazards of
personnel responding to a fire or spill and chemicals in workplace under normal
those planning for emergency response. conditions of use and foreseeable emergencies.

Number 0-4 1-4

System: 0-least hazardous 1-most severe hazard
NFPA Rating 4-most hazardous 4-least severe hazard
and OSHA’s •• The Hazard category numbers are NOT
Classification required to be on labels but are required on
System SDSs in Section 2.
•• Numbers are used to CLASSIFY hazards to
determine what label information is required.

Information •• Health-Blue •• Product Identifier

Provided on •• Flammability-Red •• Signal Word
Label •• Instability-Yellow •• Hazard Statement(s)
•• Special Hazards*-White •• Pictogram(s)
•• Precautionary statement(s); and
* OX Oxidizers •• Name address and phone number of
W Water Reactives
responsible party.
SA Simple Asphyxiants

Health Acute (short term) health hazards ONLY. Acute (short term) and chronic (long term)
Hazards on Acute hazards are more typical for emergency health hazards. Both acute and chronic health
Label response applications. effects are relevant for employees working with
chemicals day after day. Health hazards include
Chronic health effects are not covered by acute hazards such as eye irritants, simple
NFPA 704. asphyxiants and skin corrosives as well as
chronic hazards such as carcinogens.

Flammability/ NFPA divides flammability and instability A broad range of physical hazard
Physical hazards into two separate numbers on the label. classes are listed on the label including
Hazards on Flammability in red section explosives, flammables, oxidizers, reactives,
Label Instability in yellow section pyrophorics,combustible dusts and corrosives.

Where to get Rating system found in NFPA Fire Protection OSHA Hazard Communication Standard 29 CFR
information Guide to Hazardous Materials OR 1910.1200 (2012).
to place on NFPA 704 Standard System for Identification 1) Classify using Appendix A (Health Hazards)
label of the Hazards of Materials for Emergency and Appendix B (Physical Hazards)
Response 2012 Edition. Tables 5.2, 6.2, 7.2 and
Chapter 8 of NFPA 704 2) Label using Appendix C

Other The hazard category numbers found in section Supplemental information may also appear on
2 of the HC2012 compliant SDSs are NOT to be the label such as any hazards not otherwise
used to fill in the NFPA 704 diamond. classified, and directions for use.

website www.nfpa.org/704 www.osha.gov OR

www.osha.gov/dsg/hazcom/index.html

For more information:

OSHA 3678-08 2013

National Fire
Protection Association
www.nfpa.org
(800) 344-3555
 QUICK
CARD
TM

The substance: “NOMIXUP 7042012”

To create an OSHA label per HazCom 2012:

Step 1: Perform the classification in accordance with Appendix A: Health Hazards
& Appendix B Physical Hazards of 29 CFR 1910.1200 — this is where you find the
criteria for each hazard class and hazard category.
Class: Flammable Gas, Category 1
Class: Carcinogen, Category 1B
Class: Specific Target Organ Toxicity
(Single Exposure), Category 3
Class: Substances and Mixtures
Which, in Contact with Water, Emit
Flammable Gases, Category 3
Step 2: Gather labeling information
(Pictograms, Signal Word, Hazard
Statements) from Appendix C of 29
CFR 1910.1200 based on the chemical’s hazard class and category.
Step 3: Create the Label

To Create NFPA 704 label:

Step 1: Collect information on hazards from applicable sections of SDS. Some
SDSs may provide the NFPA diamond symbol with hazard rating numbers filled
in already. Note: Do NOT use the hazard category numbers given in section 2 of
HazCom 2012 compliant SDS on 704 label!
If the diamond is not provided on the SDS you can
obtain the information under the following sections
of the SDS. Note that additional information may be
provided in other sections of the SDS.
• Health hazard information under Section 11
• Flammability information under Section 9
• Instability information under Section 10
• Special information under Section 9, 10, 11
Step 2: Obtain current edition copy of NFPA 704 or view on line at www.nfpa.org/704.
Compare the criteria on the SDS sections as shown above with the criteria shown in
Tables 5.2 (Health), 6.2 (Flammability), 7.2 (Instability) and 8.2 (Special Hazards).
Step 3: Place numbers for the degree of hazard associated with the criteria
obtained in Step 2 in the correct quadrant of NFPA 704 placard.

For more information:

OSHA 3678-08 2013

National Fire
Protection Association
www.nfpa.org
(800) 344-3555
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Protecting Farmworkers from

Tractor and Harvester Hazards
Tractor incidents are the leading cause of death and injury
on farms. Farmworkers are especially at risk from rollovers,
tipping and highway incidents.

Employers and supervisors should take steps to ensure a

safe work environment by providing:

• Safe and adequately maintained equipment

• Proper supervision and training
• An Emergency Action Plan (i.e., each vehicle with a
first‑aid kit and fire extinguisher)

To Prevent Injuries, Train Workers to:

• Inspect farm vehicles for safety guards, seat belts and
rollover protection structure (ROPS) before driving.
• Check that the Slow Moving Vehicle (SMV) emblem is
clean, visible and not faded.
• Avoid traveling at night and during
bad weather or low visibility.
• Watch traffic patterns, obey speed
limits and avoid highways during
busy travel times.
• Use the tractor’s platform to enter
and exit.
• Be aware of overhead power lines, people, and uneven
ground.
• Carry passengers only when there is appropriate seating
with seat belts.
• Take extra precautions when driving on steep slopes
and downhill.
• Always shut down the tractor before climbing down.

Safe Work Practices

• On highways, farm vehicles should display flashing
lights and reflectors, or consider escort vehicles.
• Provide workers with emergency phone numbers and
the address of the closest hospital.
OSHA 3706-07 2014

U.S. Department of Labor

 QUICK
CARD
TM

Protect Yourself
Amputations
Amputations are widespread and
involve a variety of activities and
equipment. Each year, thousands
of workers lose fingers, hands, feet, and other body
parts–mostly through compression, crushing, or by
getting them caught between or struck by objects.
Most amputations involve fingertips.

High-Risk Activities
Amputations occur most often when the following
equipment is unguarded or inadequately safeguarded:
• Mechanical power presses • Power press brakes
• Powered and non-powered conveyors • Printing
presses • Roll-forming and roll-bending machines
• Food slicers • Meat grinders • Band saws • Drill
presses • Milling machines • Shears, grinders,
and slitters • Table and portable saws
Employers have the responsibility to provide a safe
workplace. Employers must protect workers from
amputation hazards through adequate guarding
and employee training on how to do the job safely.
The best way to prevent amputations caused by
stationary or portable machinery is with machine
safeguarding:
• Guards provide physical barriers to hazardous
areas. They should be secure and strong, and workers
should not be able to bypass, remove, or tamper
with them. Guards should not obstruct the operator’s
view or prevent others from working.
• Devices help prevent contact with points of operation
and may replace or supplement guards. Devices can
interrupt the normal cycle of the machine when the
operator’s hands are at the point of operation.

For more information:

OSHA 3204-09R 2015

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 DATOS
RÁPIDOS
Protéjase
Amputaciones
Las amputaciones ocurren con
frecuencia e implican una variedad
de actividades y equipos. Cada año,
miles de trabajadores pierden dedos,
manos, pies y otras partes del cuerpo, mayormente
mediante actividades de compresión, trituración, ó
cuando una parte del cuerpo queda agarrada, ó
golpeada por, uno o varios objetos. La mayoría de las
amputaciones ocurren en la punta de los dedos.
Actividades de alto riesgo
Las amputaciones ocurren con frecuencia cuando el
siguiente equipo no está guardado:
• Prensas mecánicas • Plegadoras de palastro -
Mecánica • Transportador motorizado y no
motorizado • Prensas impresoras • Máquinas
curvadoras y plegadoras de chapas • Rebanadoras
de alimentos • Picadoras de carne • Sierras de cinta
• Taladradoras • Fresadoras • Tijeras de esquilar,
afiladoras y moledoras • Sierras portables
Los empleadores son responsables de proveer un lugar
de trabajo seguro. Los empleadores deben proteger a
los trabajadores de los peligros de amputación a través
de aparatos que guardan equipo y el entrenamiento de
empleados como realizar el trabajo de forma seguro.
La mejor forma de evitar las amputaciones causadas
por maquinaria estacionaria y portótil es mediante y
cubiertas y el resguardo de la máquina:
• Protectores que brindan una barrera física a
zonas peligrosas. Deben ser fuertes y seguros y los
trabajadores no deben poder contornear, quitar o
manipularlos. Los protectores no deben obstruir la
vista del operador o impedir que otros trabajen.
• Dispositivos que ayudan a evitar el contacto con los
puntos de operación y que pueden reemplazar los
protectores o utilizarse como adición. Los dispositivos
pueden interrumpir el ciclo normal de la máquina
cuando las manos del operador se hallan en el punto
de operación.

Para más información:

Administración de
Seguridad y Salud
Ocupacional
Departamento de Trabajo
de los EE. UU.
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
Hilda L. Solis, Secretaria de Trabajo
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Protecting Workers from

Tripod Orchard Ladder Injuries
Tripod orchard ladders can be dangerous. Many workers
have been hurt from slips on rungs, falls, collapsing
ladders, and being struck by tree branches.
Orchard employers and supervisors can prevent these
injuries by taking the following safety precautions:
• Train workers to recognize hazards
and set up a process for workers
to report unsafe conditions to
supervisors immediately.
• Limit or reschedule work
requiring ladders during windy
or other unsafe conditions.
• Provide ladders appropriate for
workers and tree size.
• Train workers to keep ladders away
from overhead power lines.
• Select and provide required personal protective
equipment (such as eye protection) at no cost to workers.
• Ensure that workers wear shoes with stiff soles and a
substantial heel to prevent slipping.

To Prevent Falls, Train Workers to:

• Pick tree produce from the top to the bottom.
• Face the ladder when climbing and picking.
• Use one hand to grip the ladder’s side rail and use the other
hand for picking, keeping both feet on the ladder’s steps.
• Always center themselves and their produce bag
between the side rails.
• Never overreach or stand on tree branches.
• Not climb higher than the third step from the top of the
ladder.

Ladder Inspection
Employers or supervisors must inspect orchard ladders
for defects prior to each use, and after the ladder tips over.
Use an orchard ladder safety checklist as outlined in the
OSHA fact sheet, Safe Use of Tripod Orchard Ladders.

Remember
• Allow only one worker at a time on a ladder.
• Ladders with defects or damage should be taken out
of service.
• The ladder is for orchard use only.
OSHA 3705-05 2014

U.S. Department of Labor

 DATOS
RÁPIDOS
Protegiendo a los trabajadores de las
lesiones causadas por escaleras de huerta
Las escaleras de huerta pueden ser peligrosas. Muchos trabajadores
han sido heridos de resbalados en los peldaños, caídas, escaleras
derrumbadas, y golpeas por ramas de árboles.
Los empleadores y supervisores
de huertas pueden prevenir estas
lesiones si tomen las siguientes
precauciones de seguridad:
• Adiestre a los trabajadores a reconocer
los peligros y establezca un proceso para
que los trabajadores pueden reportar
condiciones peligrosas inmediatamente a
los supervisores.
• Límite o reprograme trabajo que requiere
el uso de las escaleras durante condiciones
ventosas o peligrosas.
• Provea escaleras adecuadas para el tamaño de los trabajadores y
los árboles.
• Adiestre a los trabajadores en mantener las escaleras fuera de las
líneas eléctricas aéreas.
• Seleccione y provea el equipo de protección personal requerido
(tal como protección de los ojos) sin costo a los trabajadores.
• Asegure que los trabajadores lleven zapatos con suelas rígidas y
un tacón sustancial para prevenir resbalando.
Para prevenir las caídas, adiestre a los trabajadores a:
• Cosechar las frutas desde la parte superior hacia la parte inferior
del árbol.
• Mirar hacia la escalera cuando subiendo y cosechando.
• Usar una mano para agarrar la baranda de la escalera y usar la
otra mano para cosechando, manteniendo ambos pies en los
escalones de la escalera.
• Siempre mantenerse y la bolsa de frutas dentro de las barandas.
• Nunca extralimitarse o pararse en las ramas de un árbol.
• No subir más alto que el tercer escalón desde el parte superior
de la escalera.
Inspección de la escalera
Los empleadores o supervisores tienen que inspeccionar las
escaleras de huerta para defectos antes de cada uso y después de
que vuelca la escalera.
Use una lista de verificación para la escalera de huerta como
delineado en la hoja de dato OSHA, El uso seguro de las escaleras
de huerta (en inglés).
Recuerde
• Permite a solamente un trabajador en la escalera a la vez.
• Se debe remover las escaleras con defectos o daños.
• Use la escalera solamente para la huerta.

Para más información:

Administración de
Seguridad y Salud
Ocupacional
Departamento de Trabajo
de los EE. UU.
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Rescue of Animals (Dogs)

by Disaster Relief Personnel
Only trained disaster personnel experienced in animal
behavior should attempt to rescue animals. Before a disas-
ter, develop a list of qualified animal rescuers to act as first
responders and keep the list current. Untrained disaster
responders/volunteers should contact the designated ani-
mal control officer for guidance.
General Guidelines
• Pets should be evacuated with their owners, if possible.
• Any attempt to capture animals can be potentially dangerous.
• Always use extreme caution when approaching animals.
• Some dogs may bite or show aggression even if not provoked.
Animal Capture
• Size up the situation and respond appropriately.
• Recognize possible warning signs that an animal is about
to attack – tail high and stiff, ears up, hair on back standing
up, barking and showing teeth. Even the friendliest dog
can bite or attack when in fear and/or in pain.
• For non-aggressive animals, use an approved muzzle, slip
collar, leash and/or food lures.
• For aggressive, unpredictable animals, use snare poles,
restraints and humane traps.
• Sedation should be used when appropriate.
Avoiding Animal Bites
• Remain as still as possible. Avoid direct eye contact.
• Put something between you and the aggressive animal,
such as a trash can lid.
• If you fall, protect your head; curl into a ball with your
hands over your ears and remain motionless.
If Attacked or Bitten
• Use dog repellent if the dog attacks. Do not use repellent
to keep the dog at a distance or if there is a danger of
spraying others, especially children.
• Wash wounds immediately with soap; seek immediate
medical help. Secure and observe offending dog.
Use Appropriate Equipment & Personal Protection
• Capture animals using humane live traps, catch poles,
leashes, cages, appropriate strength ropes, floodlights or
flashlights.
• Use appropriate bite-resistant gloves.
• Maintain a properly equipped first-aid kit.

Occupational
OSHA 3321-8-07

Safety and Health

Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Aerial Lift Fall Protection

Over Water in Shipyards
Aerial lifts are often used in shipyards and boatyards
when erection of staging is impractical. These boom-
supported personnel platforms and bucket trucks (i.e.,
cherry pickers) may cause worker injuries or deaths.
Boom failure, tip-over, falls and ejection may occur if the
equipment is not properly used.
Employers must take measures to ensure a safe work
environment by providing:
• Safe and adequately maintained equipment
• Proper supervision and training
• Fall protection
• Prompt rescue in the event of a fall
Safe Work Practices
• Always tie-off.
• Wear a body harness with a lanyard attached to an
adequate anchorage point.
• Never move the lift with workers elevated.
• Train operators to safely operate equipment.
• Maintain and operate equipment in accord with the
manufacturer’s instructions.
• Ensure that equipment controls are properly
marked.
• Never override safety devices. Overriding may lead to
accidental or inadvertent movement of the basket or
lift.
• When a lift is on a barge, be aware of the list, trim and
lash down points.
• Place stops to prevent driving off when a lift is near
open edges and capable of movement.
• Know the swing radius to ensure that the aerial lift will
not hit nearby structures as it moves.
• When elevated, never get between structures and the
lift. MOVEMENT COULD CRUSH THE WORKER.
• To prevent tip-overs, it is important to:
• set brakes
• use wheel chocks
• check tire pressure
• extend outriggers
• ensure lift is level (front/back/sides)
• never operate in high winds
• never operate under power lines
 Remember
• A Personal Flotation Device (PFD) alone will not help if
a worker falls from heights of more than 40 feet to the
water, or onto objects below (camels, floats, punts,
fenders, or large floating objects). Always tie-off.
• If a lift gets caught on an object or lines, it may cause
an ejection when it comes loose.
• Never lift, push or move objects with an aerial lift; this
action may cause collapse, tip-over, or ejection.
• Never exceed load capacity with the combined weight
of the worker, tools and light materials. The extra
weight may cause a collapse or tip-over.
• The lift capacity is reduced when the lift is not level,
tire pressure is low, or the outriggers are not fully
extended. These conditions may cause a tip-over.
Basket Hang-Up on Ship While Being Raised

Probable
ejection

Possible boom Possible

break and tip-over
collapse

• Half of all fatal falls from aerial lifts occur when

workers are not tied off. One worker was ejected 80
feet from an aerial lift.
• Improper set-up, operation, or exceeding weight
capacity account for twice as many aerial lift fatal falls
as mechanical failure.
Lifting Heavy Objects Exceeds Load Capacity of Basket

Do not lift loads,

use a crane
Probable
ejection

Possible
Possible boom tip-over
If object break and
falls off collapse

You have a right to a safe workplace.

If you have questions about workplace safety
and health, call OSHA at 1-800-321-6742.
It’s confidential. We can help!

For more information:

Occupational
OSHA 3452-09-11N

Safety and Health

Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Beryllium Medical Surveillance

Information for Workers
What is the beryllium medical
surveillance program?
The medical surveillance program is offered to workers
by employers to detect health effects related to beryllium
exposure. Employers are required to offer medical
surveillance, at no cost, to any worker within 30 days of
meeting the criteria below and then at least every two years
thereafter for those who continue to meet the criteria below.
Participation in medical surveillance is voluntary for workers.

Who must be offered medical surveillance?

OSHA requires employers to offer medical surveillance to
workers who meet one of the following conditions: is or is
reasonably expected to be exposed above the action level
of 0.1 μg/m3 for 30 days in a year; shows signs or symptoms
of chronic beryllium disease (CBD) or other beryllium-
related health effects; was exposed to beryllium during an
emergency (note: the emergency provision does not apply
in the construction and shipyards sectors); or has received a
recommendation for continued medical surveillance from a
physician after the worker’s most recent exam required by
the beryllium standard. In addition, regardless of whether
an employee continues to meet the criteria described above,
employers must continue to offer a Beryllium Lymphocyte
Proliferation Test (BeLPT) (or equivalent test) to employees
who previously qualified for BeLPT testing at least every
two years after the first examination, unless the employee is
confirmed positive for beryllium sensitization.

What medical services could I receive in the

medical surveillance program?
The medical examination must include:
• Medical and work history with emphasis on past and
present airborne exposure to or dermal contact with
beryllium, smoking history, and any history of respiratory
system dysfunction,
• Physical examination with emphasis on the
respiratory system,
• Physical examination for skin rashes,
• Pulmonary function tests,
• BeLPT (or other equivalent test), and
• Any other test deemed appropriate by the physician
or licensed health care professional (including low-dose
CT scan).
 QUICK
CARD
TM

OSHA also requires employers to offer certain employees,

including those who have been confirmed positive for
beryllium sensitization by the BeLPT or an equivalent test,
follow-up evaluation at a CBD diagnostic center. As part of
an evaluation for CBD, employees may be offered additional
medical services such as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL), and
transbronchial biopsy.

Why participate in a beryllium medical

surveillance program?
One purpose of a beryllium medical surveillance program is
to detect and mitigate adverse health effects from beryllium
exposure. For workers, participating in a medical surveillance
program is a way to detect diseases or other health related
conditions they may have and determine eligibility for
medical removal protection. Participating in a medical
surveillance program can also contribute significantly to the
success of worksite health and safety programs by identifying
potential problem areas or verifying the effectiveness of
existing worksite control and prevention programs. By
voluntarily sharing beryllium sensitization or CBD information
with employers, the worker can contribute to the overall
health and safety of the workplace by identifying processes,
operations, or deficiencies in the existing worksite control
program that have led to an employee being sensitized and
may need further control measures.

What are my privacy rights?

Under the beryllium standard, workers do not have to share
information about beryllium sensitization or CBD status with
their employer. Most of the medical information gathered
by the physician or licensed health care professional is also
protected and cannot be shared with the employer without the
worker’s written consent.

Where can I find more information?

For more information on the BeLPT and potential treatments
related to developing CBD, please see Worker Information
on the BeLPT QuickCard; Guidance on Medical Surveillance
for Beryllium Exposed Workers; Beryllium FAQs; and the
Beryllium Safety and Health Topics webpage.

For more information:

OSHA 4115-04 2021

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 QUICK
CARD
TM

Worker Information
on the BeLPT
What is CBD?
Chronic beryllium disease (CBD) is a chronic
granulomatous lung disease caused by inhalation
of airborne beryllium by an individual who is
beryllium-sensitized. In the early stages of CBD,
an individual may not experience any symptoms.
However, over time, the following symptoms may
develop: shortness of breath with physical activity,
dry cough that will not go away, fatigue, night
sweats, chest and joint pain, or loss of appetite. A
work and medical history of exposure to beryllium
is an important step in diagnosing CBD. The first
medical test for diagnosis of CBD is the beryllium
lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT).

What is the BeLPT?

The BeLPT is a test that determines if the
immune system reacts to beryllium as a foreign
substance—this reaction results in an abnormal
BeLPT. In individuals who are not sensitized to
beryllium and do not have chronic beryllium
disease (CBD), the immune system does not
respond to beryllium in any manner, and they
have normal BeLPT results. Individuals must be
sensitized to beryllium in order to develop CBD,
although not every beryllium-sensitized person
will develop CBD.

How is the BeLPT conducted?

The BeLPT is generally conducted using blood but
has also been performed using bronchoalveolar
lavage (BAL) fluid. The blood test involves drawing
blood from a vein (usually the arm) and collecting
it in tubes for shipment to a lab. The lab separates
the immune cells from the blood and mixes the
cells with beryllium. The BAL test is performed
by inserting a flexible tube into the bronchial
 QUICK
CARD
TM

tube and inserting saline into the lung. The fluid

is collected and sent to a lab, which analyzes it
in a similar way to a blood sample. If a worker is
sensitized to beryllium, the immune cells will react
by multiplying. This is referred to as an abnormal
response. Cells from non-sensitized workers do
not react and multiply.

What type of results should I expect?

Results from the BeLPT are given as either
abnormal, borderline, or normal. If the results are
abnormal or borderline, the employer must offer a
second test to confirm the results within 30 days.

What do the results mean?

Individuals with either two abnormal BeLPT test
results, an abnormal and a borderline test result,
or three borderline test results are considered
to be “confirmed positive” and should be
encouraged to undergo further evaluation to
determine if they have CBD. An individual may
also be considered “confirmed positive” based
on the result of a more reliable and accurate
test indicating the person has been identified
as having beryllium sensitization. The type of
follow-up is outlined on the Beryllium Medical
Surveillance Information for Workers QuickCard.

Where can I find more information?

For more information on the BeLPT and potential
treatments related to developing CBD, please
see Beryllium Medical Surveillance Information
for Workers QuickCard; Guidance on Medical
Surveillance for Beryllium Exposed Workers;
Beryllium FAQs; and the Beryllium Safety and
Health Topics webpage.

For more information:

OSHA 4114-06R 2021

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 QUICK
CARD
TM

Chainsaw Safety
Operating a chainsaw can be hazardous. Potential
injuries can be minimized by using proper personal
protective equipment and safe operating procedures.
Before Starting a Chainsaw
• Check controls, chain tension, and all bolts and handles
to ensure that they are functioning properly and that they
are adjusted according to the manufacturer’s instructions.
• Make sure that the chain is always sharp and that the
oil tank is full.
• Start the saw on the ground or on another firm
support. Drop starting is never allowed.
• Start the saw at least 10 feet from the fueling area, with
the chain’s brake engaged.
Fueling a Chainsaw
• Use approved containers for transporting fuel to the saw.
• Dispense fuel at least 10 feet away from any sources
of ignition when performing construction activities.
No smoking during fueling.
• Use a funnel or a flexible hose when pouring fuel into
the saw.
• Never attempt to fuel a running or HOT saw.
Chainsaw Safety
• Clear away dirt, debris, small tree limbs and rocks
from the saw’s chain path. Look for nails, spikes or
other metal in the tree before cutting.
• Shut off the saw or engage its chain brake when
carrying the saw on rough or uneven terrain.
• Keep your hands on the saw’s handles, and maintain
balance while operating the saw.
• Proper personal protective equipment must be worn
when operating the saw, which includes hand, foot,
leg, eye, face, hearing and head protection.
• Do not wear loose-fitting clothing.
• Be careful that the trunk or tree limbs will not bind
against the saw.
• Watch for branches under tension; they may spring
out when cut.
• Gasoline-powered chainsaws must be equipped with a
protective device that minimizes chainsaw kickback.
• Be cautious of saw kickback. To avoid kickback, do not
saw with the tip. Keep tip guard in place.
OSHA 3269-04R 2013

For more information:

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Chipper Machine
Safety
Chipper machines cut tree limbs into
small chips. Hazards arise when operators
get too close to, or make contact with, the chipper.
Contact with chipper operating components (blades,
discs or knives) may result in amputation or death.
Operators may also be injured by material thrown
from the machine. To minimize these hazards, use
appropriate engineering and work practice controls,
including operator training.
Hazards
• Operators making contact with or being pulled into
the chipper.
• Hearing loss.
• Face, eye, head or hand injuries.
Safe Work Practices
• Never reach into a chipper while it is operating.
• Do not wear loose-fitting clothing around a chipper.
• Always follow the manufacturer’s guidelines and
safety instructions.
• Use earplugs, safety glasses, hard hats and gloves.
• Workers should be trained on the safe operation of
chipper machines. Always supervise new workers
using a chipper to ensure that they work safely and
never endanger themselves or others.
• Protect yourself from contacting operating chipper
components by guarding the infeed and discharge
ports, and preventing the opening of the access
covers or doors until the drum or disc completely
stops.
• Prevent detached trailer chippers from rolling or
sliding on slopes by chocking the trailer wheels.
• Maintain a safe distance (i.e., two tree or log
lengths) between chipper operations and other tree
work or workers.
• When servicing and/or maintaining chipping equip-
ment (i.e., “unjamming”) use a lockout system to
ensure that the equipment is de-energized.
For more complete information:
OSHA 3279-05R-07

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Protecting Workers
from Cold Stress
Cold temperatures and increased wind speed (wind
chill) cause heat to leave the body more quickly, putting
workers at risk of cold stress. Anyone working in the
cold may be at risk, e.g., workers in freezers, outdoor
agriculture and construction.

Common Types of Cold Stress

Hypothermia
• Normal body temperature (98.6°F) drops to 95°F or less.
• Mild Symptoms: alert but shivering.
• Moderate to Severe Symptoms: shivering stops;
confusion; slurred speech; heart rate/breathing slow;
loss of consciousness; death.

Frostbite
• Body tissues freeze, e.g., hands and feet. Can occur at
temperatures above freezing, due to wind chill. May
result in amputation.
• Symptoms: numbness, reddened skin develops gray/
white patches, feels firm/hard, and may blister.

Trench Foot (also known as Immersion Foot)

• Non-freezing injury to the foot, caused by lengthy
exposure to wet and cold environment. Can occur at air
temperature as high as 60°F, if feet are constantly wet.
• Symptoms: redness, swelling, numbness, and blisters.

Risk Factors
• Dressing improperly, wet clothing/skin, and exhaustion.

For Prevention, Your Employer Should:

• Train you on cold stress hazards and prevention.
• Provide engineering controls, e.g., radiant heaters.
• Gradually introduce workers to the cold; monitor
workers; schedule breaks in warm areas.

For more information:

OSHA 3156-02R 2014

U.S. Department of Labor

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
 QUICK
CARD
TM

How to Protect Yourself and Others

• Know the symptoms; monitor yourself and co-workers.
• Drink warm, sweetened fluids (no alcohol).
• Dress properly:
–– Layers of loose-fitting, insulating clothes
–– Insulated jacket, gloves, and a hat (waterproof, if
necessary)
–– Insulated and waterproof boots

What to Do When a Worker

Suffers from Cold Stress
For Hypothermia:
• Call 911 immediately in an emergency.
• To prevent further heat loss:
–– Move the worker to a warm place.
–– Change to dry clothes.
–– Cover the body (including the head and neck)
with blankets, and with something to block the cold
(e.g., tarp, garbage bag). Do not cover the face.
• If medical help is more than 30 minutes away:
–– Give warm, sweetened drinks if alert (no alcohol).
–– Apply heat packs to the armpits, sides of chest,
neck, and groin. Call 911 for additional rewarming
instructions.

For Frostbite:
• Follow the recommendations “For Hypothermia”.
• Do not rub the frostbitten area.
• Avoid walking on frostbitten feet.
• Do not apply snow/water. Do not break blisters.
• Loosely cover and protect the area from contact.
• Do not try to rewarm the area unless directed by
medical personnel.

For Trench (Immersion) Foot:

• Remove wet shoes/socks; air dry (in warm area); keep
affected feet elevated and avoid walking. Get medical
attention.

For more information:

U.S. Department of Labor

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Permit-Required
Confined Spaces
A confined space has limited openings for entry or exit, is
large enough for entering and working, and is not designed
for continuous worker occupancy. Confined spaces include
underground vaults, tanks, storage bins, manholes, pits, silos,
underground utility vaults and pipelines. See 29 CFR 1910.146.
Permit-required confined spaces are confined spaces that:
• May contain a hazardous or potentially hazardous
atmosphere.
• May contain a material which can engulf an entrant.
• May contain walls that converge inward or floors that slope
downward and taper into a smaller area which could trap
or asphyxiate an entrant.
• May contain other serious physical hazards such as
unguarded machines or exposed live wires.
• Must be identified by the employer who must inform
exposed employees of the existence and location of such
spaces and their hazards.
What to Do
• Do not enter permit-required confined spaces without being
trained and without having a permit to enter.
• Review, understand and follow employer’s procedures
before entering permit-required confined spaces and know
how and when to exit.
• Before entry, identify any physical hazards.
• Before and during entry, test and monitor for oxygen
content, flammability, toxicity or explosive hazards as
necessary.
• Use employer’s fall protection, rescue, air-monitoring,
ventilation, lighting and communication equipment
according to entry procedures.
• Maintain contact at all times with a trained attendant either
visually, via phone, or by two-way radio. This monitoring
system enables the attendant and entry supervisor to order
you to evacuate and to alert appropriately trained rescue
personnel to rescue entrants when needed.
You have a right to a safe workplace.
If you have questions about workplace safety and health, call OSHA.
It’s confidential. We can help!

For more information:

OSHA 3214-07R 2013

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Protecting Workers from

Slips, Trips and Falls during
Disaster Response
Responding to natural and man-made disasters puts
emergency response workers at risk of injury or death from
slips, trips and falls.
Steps employers must take to keep workers safe:
• Conduct pre-incident disaster response planning and
ensure that emergency workers know the plan.
• Assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present
or are likely to be present.
• Provide protective equipment to prevent slips, trips and
falls including:
–– Slip-resistant footwear (e.g., rubber soles).
–– Gloves so workers can grip railings/ladders safely to
steady themselves.
–– Head protection
–– Personal fall protection
• Train workers to identify hazards, including those that
require protective equipment, and how to prevent injury.

Ways to Prevent Slips, Trips and Falls

Where possible, avoid walking on wet/slippery surfaces;
wipe off the bottom of wet footwear.
• Use flashlights or helmet lights to stay clear of holes
or floor openings, wet or slippery surfaces, and debris
or equipment.
• Do not step on any surface until you have visually
inspected it to ensure there are no holes or weak spots
and that it can support workers and their equipment.
• Never carry equipment or loads in your hands when
climbing ladders.
• Wear backpacks and tool belts to hold equipment and
keep both hands free.
• Use fall protection when walking or performing
emergency response activities near unprotected edges of
elevated surfaces.
• Use communication devices, particularly hands-free
devices, for contacting employers/incident commanders
and other workers about slip, trip and fall hazards.
Remember
• When in doubt about the safety of an activity, stop and
notify a supervisor.
For more information:
OSHA 3907-01 2017

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 QUICK
CARD
TM

Electrical Safety
Electrical hazards can cause burns,
shocks and electrocution (death).

• Assume that all overhead wires are energized at

deadly voltages. Never assume that a wire is safe to
touch even if it is down or appears to be insulated.
• Never touch a fallen overhead power line. Call the
electric utility company to report fallen electrical
lines.
• Stay at least 10 feet (3 meters) away from overhead
wires during cleanup and other activities. If working
at heights or handling long objects, survey the area
before starting work for the presence of overhead
wires.
• If an overhead wire falls across your vehicle while
you are driving, stay inside the vehicle and
continue to drive away from the line. If the engine
stalls, do not leave your vehicle. Warn people not
to touch the vehicle or the wire. Call or ask
someone to call the local electric utility company
and emergency services.
• Never operate electrical equipment while you are
standing in water.
• Never repair electrical cords or equipment unless
qualified and authorized.
• Have a qualified electrician inspect electrical
equipment that has gotten wet before energizing it.
• If working in damp locations, inspect electric cords
and equipment to ensure that they are in good
condition and free of defects, and use a ground-
fault circuit interrupter (GFCI).
• Always use caution when working near electricity.

For more information:

OSHA 3294-04R-13

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Protecting Worker Safety

and Health Under the
National Response Framework
During a disaster, protecting response and recovery
workers is essential for assuring a successful response
and recovery. When large-scale disasters overwhelm
State and local assets, the National Response Framework
(NRF) Worker Safety and Health Support Annex can
provide the technical assistance needed to help protect
Federal, State, tribal, and local organizations’ response
and recovery workers. Depending upon the scope,
complexity, and hazards associated with the incident,
these services can include:
• Identifying and assessing worker health and safety haz-
ards present at the incident site and in the environment.
• Assessing the resources needed to protect workers
and identifying the sources available to meet these
needs.
• Providing technical expertise in industrial hygiene,
occupational safety and health, structural collapse
engineering, safety engineering, radiation safety,
biological and chemical agent response, and occu-
pational medicine.
• Managing the creation and implementation of a site-
specific health and safety plan (HASP).
• Monitoring and managing worker safety and health
hazards through on-site identification, evaluation,
analysis, and mitigation, including personal expo-
sure monitoring.
• Providing assistance with developing, implement-
ing, and monitoring the personal protective equip-
ment (PPE) program, including the selection, use,
and decontamination of PPE.
• Coordinating the collection and management of
exposure and accident/injury data to identify trends
and facilitate data sharing.
• Coordinating and providing incident-specific
response and recovery worker training.
• Assisting with the development and distribution of
educational materials on preventing and mitigating
hazards.
For more complete information:
OSHA 3356-09N-08

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Coordinating Responder Health and Safety

In the event of a major disaster, only the health and well-
being of response and recovery workers can ensure that
the victims themselves are cared for properly. When
State, tribal, and local assets are overwhelmed and
assistance is needed to protect employees during an
emergency, FEMA can activate OSHA to coordinate
employee safety and health. OSHA coordinates the
resources and technical assistance provided under the
NRF Worker Safety and Health Support Annex (see
other side). Assistance can be requested through
FEMA at a Joint Field Office and at FEMA’s National
and Regional Response Coordination Centers. When
activated, OSHA will work within the incident com-
mand system to provide technical assistance to the site
safety officer.

DOL/OSHA coordinates the activities of the Federal

agencies that provide the core architecture for
employee safety and health technical support during
an all-hazards event or when otherwise directed.

Cooperating Agencies:

• Department of Defense
• Department of Energy
• Department of Health and Human Services
• Department of Homeland Security
• Environmental Protection Agency
• Other Responding Organizations

For further information on responder health and safe-

ty, please consult the NRF Worker Safety and Health
Support Annex or for a list of resources available to
response workers, please visit http://www.osha.gov/
SLTC/emergencypreparedness/index.html.

For more complete information:

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA
 PLANIFIQUE PLANIFIQUE
PROPORCIONE PROPORCIONE
ADIESTRE ADIESTRE
¡Las caídas desde ¡Las caídas desde
escaleras, andamios escaleras, andamios
y techos pueden ser y techos pueden ser
prevenidas! prevenidas!

PLANIFIQUE PLANIFIQUE
PROPORCIONE PROPORCIONE
ADIESTRE ADIESTRE
¡Las caídas desde ¡Las caídas desde
escaleras, andamios escaleras, andamios
y techos pueden ser y techos pueden ser
prevenidas! prevenidas!

PLANIFIQUE PLANIFIQUE
PROPORCIONE PROPORCIONE
ADIESTRE ADIESTRE
¡Las caídas desde ¡Las caídas desde
escaleras, andamios escaleras, andamios
y techos pueden ser y techos pueden ser
prevenidas! prevenidas!

PLANIFIQUE PLANIFIQUE
PROPORCIONE PROPORCIONE
ADIESTRE ADIESTRE
¡Las caídas desde ¡Las caídas desde
escaleras, andamios escaleras, andamios
y techos pueden ser y techos pueden ser
prevenidas! prevenidas!

PLANIFIQUE PLANIFIQUE
OSHA 3564-05R 2013 - Spanish (10-up)

PROPORCIONE PROPORCIONE
ADIESTRE ADIESTRE
¡Las caídas desde ¡Las caídas desde
escaleras, andamios escaleras, andamios
y techos pueden ser y techos pueden ser
prevenidas! prevenidas!
 PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para
hacer el trabajo de forma segura. hacer el trabajo de forma segura.
PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto. PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto.
ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a
utilizar el equipo utilizar el equipo
de forma segura. de forma segura.

www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627 www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627

PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para

hacer el trabajo de forma segura. hacer el trabajo de forma segura.
PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto. PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto.
ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a
utilizar el equipo utilizar el equipo
de forma segura. de forma segura.

www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627 www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627

PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para

hacer el trabajo de forma segura. hacer el trabajo de forma segura.
PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto. PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto.
ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a
utilizar el equipo utilizar el equipo
de forma segura. de forma segura.

www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627 www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627

PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para

hacer el trabajo de forma segura. hacer el trabajo de forma segura.
PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto. PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto.
ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a
utilizar el equipo utilizar el equipo
de forma segura. de forma segura.

www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627 www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627

PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para PLANIFIQUE con anticipación para

hacer el trabajo de forma segura. hacer el trabajo de forma segura.
OSHA 3564-05R 2013 - Spanish (10-up)

PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto. PROPORCIONE el equipo correcto.

ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a ADIESTRE a todo el mundo a
utilizar el equipo utilizar el equipo
de forma segura. de forma segura.

www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627 www.osha.gov/stopfalls 800-321-OSHA (6742) TTY 1-877-889-5627
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Safe Forklift Operation

Forklift operators and employees working around
these operations are at risk of hazards such as
collisions, falls, tip-overs, and struck-by conditions.
Ways to prevent these hazards include:

Forklift Operations
• Always operate the vehicle according to the
manufacturer’s instructions.
• Always wear a seatbelt when the forklift has one.
• Never exceed the rated load and ensure it is stable
and balanced.
• Do not raise or lower the load while traveling.
• Keep a safe distance from platform and ramp edges.
• Be aware of other vehicles in the work area.
• Have clear visibility of the work area and ensure
you have enough clearance when raising, loading,
and operating a forklift.
• Use proper footing and the handhold, if available,
when entering the lift.
• Use horns at cross aisles and obstructed areas.
• Watch for pedestrians and observe the speed limit.
• Do not give rides or use the forks to lift people.

Safety Training
• Only trained and certified workers may operate
a forklift.
• Ensure operators are trained on types of trucks in use.

Forklift Maintenance
• Remove from service any forklift found to be in
unsafe operating condition.
• Keep forklifts in clean condition; free of excess oil
and grease.
• Repair and maintain according to the manufacturer’s
recommendations.
OSHA 3949-04R 2019

For more information:

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 QUICK
CARD
TM

Protecting Workers
from Heat Stress
Heat Illness
Exposure to heat can cause illness and death. The
most serious heat illness is heat stroke. Other heat
illnesses, such as heat exhaustion, heat cramps and
heat rash, should also be avoided.
There are precautions that can be taken any
time temperatures are high and the job involves
physical work.

Risk Factors for Heat Illness

• High temperature and humidity, direct sun
exposure, no breeze or wind
• Heavy physical labor
• No recent exposure to hot workplaces
• Low liquid intake
• Waterproof clothing

Symptoms of Heat Exhaustion

• Headache, dizziness, or fainting
• Weakness and wet skin
• Irritability or confusion
• Thirst, nausea, or vomiting

Symptoms of Heat Stroke

• May be confused, unable to think clearly, pass out,
collapse, or have seizures (fits)
• May stop sweating

To Prevent Heat Illness:

• Establish a complete heat illness
prevention program.
• Provide training about the hazards
leading to heat stress and how to
prevent them.
• Provide a lot of cool water to workers
close to the work area. At least one pint
of water per hour is needed.
OSHA 3154-06R 2017

For more information:

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
 QUICK
CARD
TM

• Modify work schedules and arrange

frequent rest periods with water breaks
in shaded or air-conditioned areas.
• Gradually increase workloads and allow
more frequent breaks for workers new
to the heat or those that have been away from work
to adapt to working in the heat (acclimatization).
• Designate a responsible person to monitor
conditions and protect workers who are at risk
of heat stress.
• Consider protective clothing that provides cooling.

How to Protect Workers

• Know signs/symptoms of heat illnesses;
monitor yourself; use a buddy system.
• Block out direct sun and other heat
sources.
• Drink plenty of fluids. Drink often and
BEFORE you are thirsty. Drink water
every 15 minutes.
• Avoid beverages containing alcohol or
caffeine.
• Wear lightweight, light colored, loose-
fitting clothes.

What to Do When a
Worker is Ill from the Heat
• Call a supervisor for help. If the
supervisor is not available, call 911.
• Have someone stay with the worker until help
arrives.
• Move the worker to a cooler/shaded area.
• Remove outer clothing.
• Fan and mist the worker with water; apply ice
(ice bags or ice towels).
• Provide cool drinking water, if able to drink.

IF THE WORKER IS NOT ALERT or seems confused,

this may be a heat stroke. CALL 911 IMMEDIATELY
and apply ice as soon as possible.

For more information:

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Mechanics Working in
“the Yard”during Marine
Terminal Operations
Employers must ensure the safety of workers.
Mechanics working in “the yard” on containers,
reefers, and chassis in marine cargo terminals are
exposed to various work-related injuries or death.
To prevent injury to workers while working in the
yard, employers should provide tool box safety talks
each day to ensure that workers are aware of all
hazards in the yard.

Safe work practices should include:

• Mechanics working away from the shop area should

maintain constant radio communication with their
immediate supervisor to advise the supervisor
of their location. Supervisors should regularly
communicate with workers performing duties away
from the shop area and ensure that workers are
aware of all hazards in the yard.

• Employers should properly train workers in all

aspects of the work.

• Mechanics should create a safety zone/barrier around

the container, reefer, or chassis by using a mechanic’s
truck and cones and/or signs to alert vehicle operators
that a mechanic is working in the area. The safety
zone should also prevent movement or bumping of
the container, reefer, or chassis, which could injure
the mechanic.

• Vehicle operators should not hook up to equipment

until they are absolutely sure that mechanics are no
longer in the safety zone and/or working on equipment.
OSHA 3561-07 2012

For more information:

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 QUICK
CARD
TM

• Mechanics pre-tripping reefer units should prevent

drivers from aligning tractors with the reefer until
the mechanics complete all equipment checks
and stow the reefer cord (as appropriate). This
process involves having the vehicle operators park
perpendicular to the chassis until the mechanics
indicate that the reefer is ready and it is safe to start
the hook up.

• Mechanics working in the

terminal area must wear
the necessary clothing,
including high-visibility
clothing (i.e., a reflective
vest) (see §1917.95(a)).

• Mechanics performing
arc welding must wear
filter lenses to protect
High-visibility vest.
themselves from the
arc (see §1917.152(e)(8)(ii)).

Remember
• Create a safety zone around the container, reefer, or
chassis while working on it;

• Never step between mobile equipment lined up to a

chassis and the chassis itself;

• Make certain that vehicle wheels are chocked to

prevent movement;

• Alert coworkers of approaching equipment; and

• Immediately report to a supervisor any mobile

equipment operators who deviate from established
terminal safety rules.

For more information:

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 QUICK
CARD
TM

Protect Yourself
Pest Control
Pyrotechnics
Pest control pyrotechnics are specialized explosive
devices used to disperse nuisance wild animals
without injuring them. Common types include
screamer siren or bird banger cartridges fired
from a launch pistol and shellcrackers fired from
a 12-gauge break-action shotgun. All of these con-
tain high explosives and must be handled with
extreme care to prevent injury or damage to property.
All pyrotechnics, including those with fuses, are regu-
lated by state and local laws and by stringent federal
controls.

General Safety Precautions

• Notify law enforcement agencies prior to shooting.
• Always use eye and hearing protection.
• Keep the muzzle of the launch pistol pointed in
a safe direction, away from any people.
• Shoot away from any buildings, vehicles and
dry vegetation.
• Ensure immediate access to a class ABC fire
extinguisher.
• Keep spare cartridges covered and away from the
launch pistol.
• Never shoot from the inside of a vehicle or carry
a loaded launch pistol in a vehicle.
• Consider wind direction and overhead obstructions.

Storage
• Store pyrotechnics to prevent access to them by
children or unauthorized persons.
• Store devices in original packaging and inside a
locked metal container with a non-sparking interior.
• Keep devices in a cool, dry, non-residential location.
 Loading and Using a Launch Pistol
• Cock the hammer.
• Insert a blank cap under the spring clip.
• Place your thumb between the cap and hammer
to prevent accidental discharge.
• Point the muzzle in a safe direction and insert a
pyrotechnic cartridge fully into the barrel; insert
the hollow end of the screamer siren or the
exposed black powder end of the bird banger
cartridge first.
• Hold the launch pistol at arm’s length and elevate
it toward the target at a 45 degree angle or
greater.
• Remove your thumb, look away from the pistol,
and pull the trigger.

Using Shotgun Shellcrackers

• Use a 12-gauge break-action, breech-loading
shotgun.
• Inspect the gun’s barrel for blockage from the
breech end after every shot.
• Never look directly into the gun’s muzzle.
• An open or improved cylinder barrel is recom-
mended.
• Bore brush the gun’s barrel after every 5th shot.
• If a shellcracker fails to explode when fired, keep
the muzzle pointed in a safe direction for at least
one minute, and then unload.

For more complete information:

United States
Department of
Agriculture
Occupational Safety
Animal and
and Health Administration
Plant Health
Inspection U.S. Department of Labor
Service www.osha.gov
(800) 321-OSHA
Wildlife
Services
OSHA 3313-02N-07

www.aphis.usda.gov/ws
(866) 4-USDA-WS
 Motor Vehicles
Safe Driving
Practices for
Employees

You are your employer’s most valuable asset! The way

that you drive says everything about you and your
company. Make a positive statement by following these
work-related safe driving practices.
Stay Safe
• Use a seat belt at all times – driver and passenger(s).
• Be well-rested before driving.
• Avoid taking medications that make you drowsy.
• Set a realistic goal for the number of miles that you
can drive safely each day.
• If you are impaired by alcohol or any drug, do not drive.
Stay Focused
• Driving requires your full attention. Avoid distractions,
such as adjusting the radio or other controls, eating or
drinking, and talking on the phone.
• Continually search the roadway to be alert to situations
requiring quick action.
• Stop about every two hours for a break. Get out of the
vehicle to stretch, take a walk, and get refreshed.
Avoid Aggressive Driving
• Keep your cool in traffic!
• Be patient and courteous to other drivers.
• Do not take other drivers’ actions personally.
• Reduce your stress by planning your route ahead of
time (bring the maps and directions), allowing plenty
of travel time, and avoiding crowded roadways and
busy driving times.

For more information:

OSHA 3314-08N-06

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 Process Safety
Management

AP Images/Matt Slocum
Depends on
You!
Process Safety is a team effort. Know your role and
work with your fellow employees to protect yourself
and others.

Know the hazards associated with mixing,

separating, or storing process materials,
including:
• Which chemicals are reactive or able to cause a
runaway reaction.
• Toxic, fire, or explosive hazards associated with
your process chemicals.
• What to do during an incident or unusual process
condition.

Be aware of equipment operation and

maintenance requirements, including:
• Signs of corrosion, leakage, or other signs of
equipment problems.
• Who to alert when you see a problem.

Know your process:

• Follow operating, safety, and emergency
procedures.
• Keep up-to-date with changes to procedures,
equipment, and chemicals.
• Provide feedback – report all incidents and near
misses.

For more information on OSHA’s Process Safety

Management Standard, visit www.osha.gov.
For more complete information:
Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
OSHA 3315-01N-09

U.S. Department of Labor

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA
 ¡El manejo
seguro de
procesos

AP Images/Matt Slocum
depende de
tí!
La seguridad en los procesos es un esfuerzo de equipo.
Conoce tu rol y trabaja con tus compañeros de trabajo
para que te protejas a ti mismo y a los otros.
Conoce los riesgos relacionados con la mezcla,
separación o almacenamiento de materiales de
los procesos, incluyendo:
• Los químicos que son reactivos o capaces de
causar una reacción fuera de control.
• Riesgos tóxicos, de incendio o de explosión rela-
cionados con los químicos de los procesos.
• Qué hacer durante un incidente o condición inusu-
al en un proceso.
Debes tener conocimiento de los requisitos de
la operación y mantenimiento del equipo,
incluyendo:
• Señales de corrosión, filtración u otras señales de
problemas en el equipo.
• Quién alertar cuando veas un problema.
Conoce tu proceso:
• Sigue los procedimientos operativos, de seguridad
y emergencia.
• Debes mantenerte actualizado con los cambios en
procedimientos, equipo y químicos.
• Debes proveer un intercambio de información –
informar todos los incidentes y las incidencias que
casi resulten en accidentes.
Para más información sobre la norma de manejo
seguro de procesos, accede www.osha.gov.

Para una información más completa:

Administración de
Seguridad y Salud
Ocupacional
OSHA 3315-01N-09

Departamento del Trabajo de Estados Unidos

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Protect Yourself
Respirators
Respiratory protection must be worn whenever you are
working in a hazardous atmosphere. The appropriate respi-
rator will depend on the contaminant(s) to which you are
exposed and the protection factor (PF) required. Required res-
pirators must be NIOSH-approved and medical evaluation
and training must be provided before use.
Single-strap dust masks are usually not
NIOSH-approved. They must not be used to
protect from hazardous atmospheres.
However, they may be useful in providing
comfort from pollen or other allergens.
Approved filtering facepieces (dust masks)
can be used for dust, mists, welding fumes,
etc. They do not provide protection from
gases or vapors. DO NOT USE FOR
ASBESTOS OR LEAD; instead, select from
the respirators below.
Half-face respirators can be used for protec-
tion against most vapors, acid gases, dust or
welding fumes. Cartridges/filters must match
contaminant(s) and be changed periodically.
Full-face respirators are more protective than
half-face respirators. They can also be used for
protection against most vapors, acid gases,
dust or welding fumes. The face-shield pro-
tects face and eyes from irritants and con-
taminants. Cartridges/filters must match con-
taminant(s) and be changed periodically.
Loose-fitting powered-air-purifying respirators
(PAPR) offer breathing comfort from a bat-
tery-powered fan which pulls air through fil-
ters and circulates air throughout helmet/
hood. They can be worn by most workers
who have beards. Cartridges/filters must match
contaminant(s) and be changed periodically.
A Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus
(SCBA) is used for entry and escape from
atmospheres that are considered immediate-
ly dangerous to life and health (IDLH) or oxy-
gen deficient. They use their own air tank.

For more complete information:

OSHA 3280-10N-05

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Rodents, Snakes
and Insects
Insects, Spiders and Ticks
• To protect yourself from biting and stinging insects,
wear long pants, socks, and long-sleeved shirts.
• Use insect repellents that contain DEET or Picaridin.
• Treat bites and stings with over-the-counter products
that relieve pain and prevent infection.
• Avoid fire ants; their bites are painful and cause blisters.
• Severe reactions to fire ant bites (chest pain, nausea,
sweating, loss of breath, serious swelling or slurred
speech) require immediate medical treatment.
Rodents and Wild or Stray Animals
• Dead and live animals can spread diseases such as
Rat Bite Fever and Rabies.
• Avoid contact with wild or stray animals.
• Avoid contact with rats or rat-contaminated buildings.
If you can’t avoid contact, wear protective gloves and
wash your hands regularly.
• Get rid of dead animals as soon as possible.
• If bitten/scratched, get medical attention immediately.
Snakes
• Watch where you place your hands and feet when
removing debris. If possible, don’t place your fingers
under debris you are moving. Wear heavy gloves.
• If you see a snake, step back and allow it to proceed.
• Wear boots at least 10 inches high.
• Watch for snakes sunning on fallen trees, limbs or
other debris.
• A snake’s striking distance is about 1/2 the total length
of the snake.
• If bitten, note the color and shape of the snake’s head
to help with treatment.
• Keep bite victims still and calm to slow the spread of
venom in case the snake is poisonous. Seek medical
attention as soon as possible.
• Do not cut the wound or attempt to suck out the
venom. Apply first aid: lay the person down so that
the bite is below the level of the heart, and cover the
bite with a clean, dry dressing.
For more complete information:
OSHA 3274-09N-05

Occupational
Safety and Health
Administration
U.S. Department of Labor
www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA
 QUICK
CARD
TM

Safe Work Practices in

Poultry Processing
Workers in poultry
processing plants

Photo: National Chicken Council

encounter many hazards,
including dangerous
equipment, slippery
surfaces, high noise
levels, repetitive motions,
and hazardous chemicals.

The following precautions can help prevent injury

or illness:

• Make sure all machines are properly guarded

before beginning work.
• Turn off equipment during cleaning or
maintenance activities, and always lock or tag
out to prevent unintended start-up.
• Keep floors, drains, and surfaces clean, and free
of excess meat and fat to prevent slips.
• Wear protective clothing, goggles, hearing
protection, respiratory protection, and slip-
resistant shoes, when needed.
• Report early signs of repetitive motion injuries
to management. These may include: hand pain
or numbness; stiff fingers; swelling in the hand,
wrist, or forearm; and back or shoulder pain.
• Seek medical attention if you have a scrape or cut
to the skin, and if you are bleeding.
• If fluid splashes in eyes, flush with water
immediately to prevent infections.
You have the right to speak up about unsafe
working conditions without fear of retaliation.

For more information:

OSHA 3959-08 2018

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 QUICK
CARD
TM

Understanding Your
Role as a Shipyard
Competent Person
A shipyard competent person (SCP) ensures
safe working conditions at shipyards by
determining whether a space is safe for workers
to enter or perform hot work. Prior to serving as
an SCP, an individual must meet the requirements
of 29 CFR 1915.7.

Reducing or Eliminating
Workplace Hazards
Employers are responsible for controlling
and correcting any hazards identified before
work begins.

A SCP must be able to recognize and evaluate

worker exposures to hazardous substances or
other unsafe conditions, such as:

• Damaged or missing access ladders or stairs;

• Electrical hazards;
• Insufficient lighting; and
• Potential sources for slips, trips, and falls.

Example of damaged access ladder.

 QUICK
CARD
TM

SCPs must also be proficient in many other

tasks, including:

• Inspecting, testing and evaluating spaces for

oxygen content, flammability, and toxicity.

• Initiating the use of suitable ventilation where

unsafe atmospheric conditions exist.

• Monitoring spaces, as often as necessary,

to ensure safe atmospheric conditions are
maintained during work.

• Directing the use of appropriate equipment and

components in confined and enclosed spaces, or
surrounding areas, where there is the potential
for flammable atmospheres.

• Understanding when, where and for how long

the posting of fire watches is necessary.

• Inspecting structural voids and, if necessary,

testing for the presence of flammable liquids or
vapors before hot work begins.

• Carrying out NFPA-certified Marine Chemist

instructions and knowing when to call them.

• Maintaining records of tests, inspections, and

operations performed, including test results and
any instructions.

See the Evaluating Shipyard Competent Person

Programs fact sheet to learn more about the
qualifications, training, and duties of a SCP.

For more information:

OSHA 4138-07 2021

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)

 QUICK
CARD
TM

Working Safely
in Trenches
When done safely, trenching SLOPE IT
operations can reduce worker 800-321-OSHA (6742)
exposure to cave-ins, falling loads,

IT
hazardous atmospheres, and
SH

LD
hazards from mobile equipment.
OR

IE
E

OSHA standards require that

SH
IT

trenches and protective systems

be inspected daily and as conditions
change by a competent person before work begins.

Never enter a trench unless:

• It has been properly inspected by a competent person.
• Cave-in protection measures are in place.
• There is a safe way to enter and exit.
• Equipment and materials are away from the edge.
• It is free of standing water and atmospheric hazards.

Prevent trench collapses:

• Trenches 5 feet deep or greater require a
protective system.
• Trenches 20 feet deep or greater require a protective
system designed by a registered professional engineer.

Protective systems for trenches:

• SLOPE or bench trench walls by cutting back the trench
wall at an angle inclined away from the excavation.
• SHORE trench walls by installing aluminum hydraulic
or other types of supports to prevent soil movement.
• SHIELD trench walls by using trench boxes or other
types of supports to prevent soil cave-ins.
OSHA 3243-09R 2018

For more information:

www.osha.gov (800) 321-OSHA (6742)