M1:

Components of
a Computer
System
Introduction to Programming-I
Mr. J. Mishra Components of a Computer System
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives

Introduction
Course: B Tech in CSE
Computer Course Name: Programming for Problem Solving
Classification Course Code:
Semester: II
Anatomy of a
Session: 2019-20
Computer
Input Device
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device

Softwares

Booting
Mr. Joynath Mishra
Programming Assistant Professor (Guest)
Department of Computer Science and Information Technology
Exercise

References
Mahatma Gandhi Central University
Bihar, INDIA

April 17, 2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

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 Outline

M1:
Components of
a Computer 1 Objectives
System

Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA 2 Introduction

Objectives
3 Computer Classification
Introduction

Computer 4 Anatomy of a Computer

Classification
Input Device
Anatomy of a Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Computer Ouput Device

Input Device
Central Processing
Unit (CPU) 5 Softwares
Ouput Device

Softwares 6 Booting
Booting

Programming 7 Programming
Exercise

References
8 Exercise

9 References

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 Objectives

M1:
Components of
a Computer
System

Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives

Introduction

Computer Objectives
Classification

Anatomy of a
Study on basic building blocks of a computer
Computer Study on hardware and software of computer system
Input Device
Basic understanding of computer programming and execution
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device

Softwares

Booting

Programming

Exercise

References

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 Introduction

M1:
Components of Computer is a an electronic device, which contains some set of instructions and performs certain calculations
a Computer to be forwarded to output device for corresponding accepted inputs.
System

Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA
Characteristics of a Computer
Objectives
Very fast speed of calculation
Introduction Store large amount of information for future purpose in short time
Computer Great ability to enhance the communication system
Classification
Accuracy of calculation is very high
Anatomy of a
Computer
Input Device
Based on physical presence, computer conponents are termed as the hardware and softeware. The elec-
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
tronic circuit/mechannical component oriented physical objects associated with computer system called as
Ouput Device
hardware and the soft part which are responsible to perform the calculation and to do any defined task
with help of other peripheral or actuation devices are called as software.
Softwares

Booting

Programming Areas of Application

Exercise Computer and communication system
References Manufacturing, construction engineering and project management
Military, space applications
Logistic, distribution and supply chain management
Business process, healthcare management, research in different
. .sector
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 Computer Classification

M1:
Components of Personal Computer
a Computer
System A small, single-user computer based on a microprocessor. In addition to the microprocessor, a personal
computer has a keyboard for entering data, a monitor for displaying information, and a storage device
Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA
for saving data.

Objectives
Workstation
Introduction
A powerful, single-user computer. A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a more powerful
Computer microprocessor and a higher-quality monitor.
Classification

Anatomy of a
Computer Mini-computer
Input Device
Central Processing A multi-user computer capable of supporting from 10 to hundreds of users simultaneously.
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device
Mainframe Computer
Softwares

Booting A powerful multi-user computer capable of supporting many hundreds or thousands of users simulta-
neously.
Programming

Exercise
Super Computer
References
An extremely fast computer that can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second.

Personal computers are available in attractive features and could be termed as Laptop and Smartphone
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Computers. These are Netbook, mobile device, smart phone, tablet computer.
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 Anatomy of a Computer[1]

M1:
Components of
a Computer
System

Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives

Introduction

Computer
Classification

Anatomy of a
Computer
Input Device
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device

Softwares

Booting

Programming

Exercise

References
Figure 1: Schematic Diagram of a Digital Computer

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 Anatomy of a Computer (Contd...)
Input Device

M1:
Components of
a Computer Input devices are the part of hardware to provide human understanding information to a compuiting system
System in digital form.
Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives Examples
Introduction 1 Keyboard: Alphanumeric Keyboard, MIDI keyboard (music synthesizer)
Computer 2 Pointing Devices: Mouse, touchpad, trackball
Classification
3 Speech Recognization: Microphone( using voice speech recognition or biometric verification)
Anatomy of a
Computer 4 Biometric system: Fingerprint scanner
Input Device 5 Smart Card Reader: ATM, employee, business card, Punch card reader
Central Processing
Unit (CPU) 6 Digital camera and digital camcorder.
Ouput Device
7 Medical instruments: ECG, EEG, X-ray, CT scan, and ultrasound images
Softwares 8 Finger (with touch screen or Windows Touch).
Booting 9 Gamepad, joystick, paddle, yoke, steering wheel, and Microsoft Kinect (gesture recognition),
Programming 10 Light gun, Light pen, Magnetic ink (like the ink found on checks), Pen or stylus
Exercise 11 Reader: MICR, OMR, OCR, Scanner
References 12 Signalling Device: Remote, GPS
13 Sensors (e.g., heat and orientation sensors).
14 Eye tracker

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 Anatomy of a Computer (Contd...)
Central Processing Unit (CPU)

M1:
Components of
a Computer
System
This is the central part of computer which is responsible to produce output for a particular input or sometime
Mr. J. Mishra automaic system production. It has mainly three parts: control unit, arithmetic logic unit and memory.
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives

Introduction Control Unit (CU)

Computer 1 It controls execution of instruction set between memory to ALU.
Classification
2 It is part of processor to control cennection between hardware and software.
Anatomy of a
Computer
Input Device
Central Processing Arithmetic & Logic Unit (ALU)
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device 1 It executes arithmetic operation as addition, substraction, multiplication, division.
Softwares 2 It performs logical operations as comparison, combinational logic(and, or, not, xor, xnor).
Booting

Programming Memory
Exercise
1 Executable data are stored in primary memory.
References
2 Access of primary memory is very fast and volatile in nature (except ROM).

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 Anatomy of a Computer (Contd...)
Computer Memory

M1:
Components of
a Computer
System

Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives

Introduction

Computer
Classification

Anatomy of a
Computer
Input Device
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device

Softwares

Booting

Programming

Exercise

References

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 Anatomy of a Computer (Contd...)
Ouput Device

M1:
Components of
a Computer
System

Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA
Ouput Device
Objectives
1 Visual Display Unit: Monitor, TV
Introduction
2 3D Printer
Computer
Classification 3 COM (Computer Output Microfilm)
Anatomy of a 4 Audio output device: Speaker, Headphones
Computer
5 Plotter
Input Device
Central Processing 6 Printer (dot matrix printer, inkjet printer, and laser printer)
Unit (CPU)
7 Projector
Ouput Device
8 Sound card
Softwares
9 SGD (Speech-generating device)
Booting
10 Video card
Programming

Exercise

References

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 Computer Softwares[2]

M1:
Components of
a Computer Computer softwares are the set of instructions to perform any specific task with help of peripheral devices,
System any calculation and its own management.
Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives System Softwares

Introduction These software creates an environment or platform for the other software to easily work on it. These
Computer softwares are the main part to excute some certain type of application softwares and computer management.
Classification 1 Operating System: Microsoft Windows, macOS, LINUX, Android
Anatomy of a 2 Device driver: BIOS, Motherboard, Display, ROM, Printer, USB, Sound Card, VGA Drivers
Computer
Input Device 3 Firmware: BIOS, UEFI, Embedded System
Central Processing 4 Utility Software: WinRAR, WinZip, CCleaner, Disc Clean, Defragment
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device

Softwares
Application Softwares
Booting
This type of software is popularly known as end-user programs. Thses softwares assist the end users to create
Programming their own task in a standard platform. These are installed over the system softwares.
Exercise 1 Word Processors: MS Word, Apple iWork-Pages, Google Docs, LibreOffice
References 2 Database Software: MS Access, FileMaker, dBase, Clipper, MySQL
3 Multimedia Software: Adobe Photoshop, Picasa, VLC Media Player, Windows Movie Maker
4 Web Browsers: Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox, Internet Explorer, Opera

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 Computer Booting

M1:
Components of
a Computer
Booting is the process to looading of necessary files into main memory. The hardware and software
System informations are loaded into main memory and end user get operating system platform to work on
application software.
Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives
Cold Booting
Introduction
A cold boot is performed by pressing the power button on the computer for first time to start the
Computer
Classification
system.
It is performed by restart button on CPU.
Anatomy of a
Computer It takes comparatively large time.
Input Device
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device
Warm Booting

Softwares Warm booting is a process to re-initiate system without full loading of operating system.
Booting Generally, it is demanded on system hang and performed by pressing key combination ”Ctrl+Alt+Del”.
Programming It takes comparatively less time.

Exercise Sometimes, it is called as soft booting.

References

Peripheral device indicates the additional devices which are not necessary to start any operation on
computer.

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 Computer Programming

M1:
Components of Assembler
a Computer
System It is related to low level language programming.
Mr. J. Mishra It transforms low level assembly language into machine code.
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives
Compiler
Introduction
Converts the whole source code into machine language through object code conversion method.
Computer
Classification Demands comparatively higher memory for conversion and works faster.

Anatomy of a
Computer
Input Device
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device

Softwares

Booting
Figure 3: Source code to machine code (binary code) conversion
Programming

Exercise

References
Interpreter

Converts the source code directly into machine language.

Demands comparatively low memory (as line-by-line conversion) for conversion and works slower.
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 Computer Programming (Contd...)

M1:
Components of
a Computer
System
Source Code (C Language)
Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA
1 #include"stdio.h"
Objectives 2 int main ()
Introduction 3 {
Computer 4 printf("Welcome to C Language World !!!");
Classification
5 }
Anatomy of a
Computer
Input Device
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Execution (LINUX Terminal)
Ouput Device
Compile: ”cc example.c -o example”
Softwares View Machine Code(not necessary): ”xxd example”
Execute: ”./example”
Booting
Status (return from last execution): ”echo $?”
Programming

Exercise
Output
References
Welcome to C Language World!!!

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 Exercise

M1:
Components of
a Computer
System

Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives

Introduction

Computer
Classification What do you mean by peripheral divices in computer system?

Anatomy of a
Describe the block diagram of a computer system.
Computer What are the different types of a computer softwares?
Input Device
Describe about the coding/programming and its execution on computer system.
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device

Softwares

Booting

Programming

Exercise

References

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 References I

M1:
Components of
a Computer
System

Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA

Objectives

Introduction

Computer
Classification M. J. Satish Jain, Shashank Jain, IT Tools and Applications. BPB Publications, 2003.

Anatomy of a
Computer P. S. Pradeep Kumar Sinha, Fundamentals of Computers. BPB Publications, 2010.
Input Device
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device

Softwares

Booting

Programming

Exercise

References

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 M1:
Components of
a Computer
System

Mr. J. Mishra
MGCUB, INDIA Get in touch via...
Objectives

Introduction

Computer
Classification
H +91 9046174189
Anatomy of a
Computer
Input Device
Central Processing
Unit (CPU)
Ouput Device
k: jaynath4025@gmail.com
Softwares

Booting

Programming

Exercise

References Thank You...

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