Computer
Computer
Computer
software
Hardware is any part of your computer that has a physical structure,
such as the keyboard or mouse. It also includes all of the computer's
internal parts, which you can see in the image below.
Everything you do on your computer will rely on both hardware and software. For example,
right now you may be viewing this lesson in a web browser (software) and using your
mouse (hardware) to click from page to page. As you learn about different types of
computers, ask yourself about the differences in their hardware. As you progress through this
tutorial, you'll see that different types of computers also often use different types of software.
What are the different types of computers?
When most people hear the word computer, they think of a personal computer such as a
desktop or laptop. However, computers come in many shapes and sizes, and they perform
many different functions in our daily lives. When you withdraw cash from an ATM, scan
groceries at the store, or use a calculator, you're using a type of computer.
Desktop computers
Many people use desktop computers at work, home, and school. Desktop computers are
designed to be placed on a desk, and they're typically made up of a few different parts,
including the computer case, monitor, keyboard, and mouse.
Laptop computers
The second type of computer you may be familiar with is a laptop computer, commonly
called a laptop. Laptops are battery-powered computers that are more portable than
desktops, allowing you to use them almost anywhere.
Tablet computers
Tablet computers—or tablets—are handheld computers that are even more portable than
laptops. Instead of a keyboard and mouse, tablets use a touch-sensitive screen for typing and
navigation. The iPad is an example of a tablet.
Servers
A server is a computer that serves up information to other computers on a network. For
example, whenever you use the Internet, you're looking at something that's stored on a server.
Many businesses also use local file servers to store and share files internally.
Other types of computers
Many of today's electronics are basically specialized computers, though we don't always
think of them that way. Here are a few common examples.
Smartphones: Many cell phones can do a lot of things computers can
do, including browsing the Internet and playing games. They are often
called smartphones.
Wearables: Wearable technology is a general term for a group of
devices—including fitness trackers and smartwatches—that are
designed to be worn throughout the day. These devices are often called
wearables for short.
Game consoles: A game console is a specialized type of computer
that is used for playing video games on your TV.
TVs: Many TVs now include applications—or apps—that let you
access various types of online content. For example, you can stream
video from the Internet directly onto your TV.
PCs
This type of computer began with the original IBM PC that was introduced in 1981. Other
companies began creating similar computers, which were called IBM PC Compatible (often
shortened to PC). Today, this is the most common type of personal computer, and it typically
includes the Microsoft Windows operating system.
Macs
The Macintosh computer was introduced in 1984, and it was the first widely sold personal
computer with a graphical user interface, or GUI (pronounced gooey). All Macs are made by
one company (Apple), and they almost always use the Mac OS X operating system.