TWTL Survey Report - Rev001
TWTL Survey Report - Rev001
TWTL Survey Report - Rev001
Revision History
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I. GENERAL................................................................................................................................................. 4
1.1 THE SURVEY COMPANY ..................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 OBJECTIVE ......................................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 PROJECT SITE ..................................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 DURATION ......................................................................................................................................... 5
1.5 PERMITS ............................................................................................................................................ 5
1.6 ACRONYMS........................................................................................................................................ 5
PART II. SCOPE AND SPECIFICATIONS .................................................................................................................. 6
2.1 SCOPE OF WORKS.............................................................................................................................. 6
2.2 CONTROL REFERENCE SYSTEM.......................................................................................................... 6
2.3 EQUIPMENT USED ............................................................................................................................. 6
PART III. SURVEY METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................ 7
3.1 CONTROL ESTABLISHMENT ............................................................................................................... 7
3.1.1 MONUMENT CONTROL INSTALLATION ......................................................................................... 7
3.1.2 PROCEDURE ................................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY ..................................................................................................................... 7
3.3 ORTHOPHOTO ACQUISITION............................................................................................................. 8
3.4 BOREHOLE SURVEY ........................................................................................................................... 8
PART IV. SURVEY RESULTS .................................................................................................................................... 9
4.1 SURVEY CONTROL ESTABLISHMENT ................................................................................................. 9
4.2 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY AND ORTHOPHOTO .................................................................................... 9
4.3 BOREHOLE SURVEY ......................................................................................................................... 11
APPENDIX A – BARANGAY COORDINATION LETTER .................................................................................................. 12
APPENDIX B – EQUIPMENT SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................. 14
APPENDIX C – EQUIPMENT CALIBRATION CERTIFICATES .......................................................................................... 21
APPENDIX D – CAAP CERTIFICATES ............................................................................................................................ 28
APPENDIX E – PROJECT CONTROL DESCRIPTIONS ..................................................................................................... 31
APPENDIX F – NAMRIA CONTROL CERTIFICATES ....................................................................................................... 44
APPENDIX G – NAMRIA GNSS DATA EVALUATION .................................................................................................... 51
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Project Coordinate System ....................................................................................................................................... 6
Table 2 List of Equipment ..................................................................................................................................................... 6
Table 3 NAMRIA Controls and Benchmarks Used ................................................................................................................. 9
Table 4 Project Control Coordinates ..................................................................................................................................... 9
Table 5 Borehole Surveyed ................................................................................................................................................. 11
LIST OF FIGURES
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PART I. GENERAL
1.2 OBJECTIVE
The objective of this report is to detail the methodology employed and present the results of the
topographic survey for the project.
SITE
TUNNEL
PIPELAYING
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1.4 DURATION
This project was conducted from May to August 2022.
1.5 PERMITS
Survey works were coordinated with the Barangay San Jose LGU, request or coordination letter in
Appendix A.
1.6 ACRONYMS
BM - Benchmark
DTM - Digital Terrain Model
ETS - Electronic Total Station
GCP - Ground Control Point
GNSS - Global Navigation Satellite System
MSL - Mean Sea Level
NAMRIA - National Mapping Resource Information Authority
PRS - Philippine Reference System
RTK - Real Time Kinematic
UAV - Unmanned Aerial Vehicle
WGS - World Geodetic System
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The scope of works for this survey project includes the following:
3. Survey of boreholes;
The Coordinate System used for the survey is primarily WGS84 UTM51, unless otherwise stated.
The Vertical datum is Mean Sea Level and is connected with NAMRIA Benchmark RZ-154A by
differential leveling..
Reference System WGS84 UTM51N (EPSG: 32651)
Type Grid Coordinate System
Geodetic Datum WGS84
Ellipsoid WGS84
Projection Universal Transverse Mercator
Zone 51 North
False Easting 500000
False Northing 0
Central Meridian 123
Scale Factor 0.9996
Linear Unit Meter
Vertical Datum True Mean Sea Level (Leveling from RZ-154A)
TABLE 1 PROJECT COORDINATE SYSTEM
SURVEY EQUIPMENT
CHC X5 GNSS
DJI Phantom 4
20 cm
TWTL-1
20 . 22 20 cm
MWCI
3.1.2 PROCEDURE
Site reconnaissance was conducted first, it was essential that locations of NAMRIA control stations
were identified and the Project Control locations were determined to assess control network
geometry.
The horizontal coordinates of the Project Controls were derived by GNSS static observation. The
controls were setup with GNSS units and observed in static with a minimum occupation time of 1 hour
each. Pairs were observed simultaneously with existing control and NAMRIA controls. Coordinates
were computed via GNSS post-processing software by NAMRIA all connected to the existing NAMRIA
reference stations.
Differential levelling was done for the elevation of the established controls, connected with the datum
of the NAMRIA Benchmark RZ-154A, located in Marcos Highway (Marilaque).
The methodology employed for the topographic survey was an integration of different methodology
using RTK GNSS, and the conventional method using ETS. The GNSS was used for open and clear areas,
ETS was used for detail survey and areas under dense canopy of trees and structures.
For the RTK GNSS, a Base Receiver was setup at one of the survey controls, the Rover Receivers were
then connected to the Base Receiver via Radio frequency. Real time coordinates were then observed
by means of trilateration of the Satellites with the Base Receiver and Rover Receivers.
The conventional methodology using the ETS involved the use of at least two (2) controls for proper
orientation of the equipment.
The survey points were combined to generate the DTM and the contours using a GIS software.
UAV was used for the orthophoto imagery set as basemap.
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For the UAV, a flight mission was prepared to cover the whole area with images of wide overlaps.
The mission was flown at 80-100 metres above the ground elevation. Prior, Photo Control Points
(PCPs) were laid out at survey grade accuracy with RTK. PCPs was used as reference for the UAV
post-processing.
A UAV DJI drone was used for the orthophoto imagery acquisition.
For the UAV, a flight mission was prepared to cover the whole area with images of wide overlaps.
The mission was flown at 80-100 meters above the ground elevation. Prior, Photo Control Points
(PCPs) were laid out at survey grade accuracy with RTK. PCPs was used as reference for the UAV
post-processing.
Orthorectified imagery was generated using a Photogrammetry software.
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NAMRIA ground controls points and benchmarks recovered and used as references for project
controls are shown in Table 3.
ELEVATION (MSL)
NAME EASTING NORTHING
Leveling PGVD2020
RZL-4582 301344.317 1630132.346 - 24.277
RZL-3119 301212.317 1630132.346 99.716 (2021) 100.012
RZ-141 - - 131.839 (2021) 132.153
RZ-154A - - 181.108 (2021) 181.257
MM-671 - - 19.5525 (2013) 19.928
TABLE 3 NAMRIA CONTROLS AND BENCHMARKS USED
ELEVATION
NAME EASTING NORTHING
Leveling PGVD2020
API-1 310594.75 1617544.423 206.397 206.533
API-2 311234.702 1617616.133 178.360 178.503
API-3 311209.232 1618608.722 191.506 191.655
API-4 311246.625 1618749.945 185.388 185.524
API-5 311338.96 1619294.838 181.171 181.555
API-6 311352.622 1619415.232 176.635 176.827
API-7 311324.09 1620016.636 175.389 175.614
API-8 311294.758 1620132.43 176.401 176.623
API-9 311151.102 1620845.913 174.842 175.090
TWTL-1 310454.496 1617516.306 217.015 217.170
TWTL-2 311058.907 1620884.805 175.019 175.267
TABLE 4 PROJECT CONTROL COORDINATES
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Location
RZ-154A
The control point is located in Barangay Pinugay,
Muncipality of Baras, Province of Rizal. The station is located
along Marcos Highway. Established at the SE approach of the
3rd Concrete Bridge.
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Location
TWTL-1
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located along
Marcos Highway road approaching a barangay road going to
Prayer Mountain, it is about 5 m from the corner of Tayrosa
Trading Store.
Prayer Mountain
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Location
TWTL-2
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located on the
curbside of a barangay road intersection about 100m NW of
Kaysakat Elementary School.
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Location
API-1
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located along
Marcos Highway road in between barriers on a retaining wall
at the bend on the right side approaching Boso Boso Road.
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Location
API-2
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located in
between barriers at the left side along Marcos Highway road
about 200m approaching Calawis Road.
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Location
STATION DESCRIPTION
API-3
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located at the right
edge of Calawis Road about 200m approaching Athlete's
Choice, Inc. Building .
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Location
STATION DESCRIPTION
API-4
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located at the left
edge of Calawis Road infront of Athlete's Choice, Inc.
Building.
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Location
STATION DESCRIPTION
API-5
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located on the
edge of Calawis Road about 100 m SW from the Barangay
Covered Court.
Barangay
Covered Court
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Location
STATION DESCRIPTION
API-6
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located on the
edge of Calawis Road in front of Barangay Covered Court.
Barangay
Covered Court
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Location
STATION DESCRIPTION
API-7
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located on the
right side of Calawis Road going to Mt. Purro, about 350m
approaching the Calawis-Kaysakat intersection.
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Location
API-8
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located on the left
side of Calawis Road going to Mt. Purro, about 250m
approaching the Calawis-Kaysakat intersection.
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Location
STATION DESCRIPTION
API-9
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located on the side
of a barangay road about 20m NW of Kaysakat Elementary
School.
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TREATED WATER TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT
SURVEY REPORT
TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF TUNNEL ALIGNMENT
Revision History
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. GENERAL ........................................................................................................................................................ 4
1.1 BRIEF ..................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.2 THE SURVEY COMPANY ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.3 SCOPE and OBJECTIVE ........................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 PROJECT LOCATION and DETAILS .......................................................................................................... 4
1.5 ACRONYMS............................................................................................................................................ 5
3. SURVEY METHODOLOGY................................................................................................................................ 9
3.1 TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY ......................................................................................................................... 9
3.2 BOREHOLE SURVEY ............................................................................................................................... 9
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LIST OF TABLES
LIST OF FIGURES
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1. GENERAL
1.1 BRIEF
This report covers the LiDAR topographic survey conducted by McDonald Consultants, Inc.
(MCI) on December 2022 for the TWTL Tunnel.
McDonald Consultants, Inc. (MCI) is an established surveying company based in Makati City,
Philippines, and is duly registered at the Securities and Exchange Commission in 2002.
MCI is a team of professional surveyors from the Philippines and Australia, with decades of
experience on a comprehensive range of projects in the Philippines and Asia-Pacific. Some of
our projects involved the utilization of the advanced technology such as Global Navigation
Satellite System (GNSS), Terrestrial Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) Scanner, Robotic Total
Station, Echo Sounder, Remotely Piloted Aerial System (RPAS).
The scope of works consists of the acquisition of the Digital Terrain Mode (DTM) of the Area of
Interest (AOIs) and the survey of completed boreholes required by the project.
The project is located in Brgys. Calawis and San Jose, City of Antipolo (see Figure 1, marked in
red). The length of the tunnel is 6.22km, the LiDAR area has a corridor of 20m.
TUNNEL
PIPELAYING
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1.5 ACRONYMS
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2. SURVEY SPECIFICATIONS
The horizontal coordinate system used for the survey is WGS84 UTM51N, the vertical datum
is True Mean Sea Level.
Full specifications of the reference system used is detailed in the table below.
The project controls installed and established for the project was used for the LiDAR survey
and are connected to the national grid network by the National Mapping Resource Information
Authority (NAMRIA).
ELEVATION (MSL)*
CONTROL NORTHING EASTING
Leveling
RZ-154A 1617626.128 310989.212 181.108
API-8 1620132.430 311294.758 176.401
TABLE 2 NAMRIA AND PROJECT REFERENCE GEODETIC CONTROLS
The certificates of the NAMRIA geodetic controls are provided in the Appendix C of this report.
2.3 EQUIPMENT
MCI employed the use of Differential GNSS (DGNSS) for the establishment of project controls
and survey of check points.
The CHC X5 is a dual frequency GNSS with the capability to track all GNSS constellations: GPS,
GNSS, Galileo, BDS, QZSS and SBAS. It has the following accuracies:
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LIDAR SENSOR
An airborne LiDAR sensor is one of the latest remote sensing technologies where the sensor
emits light pulses towards a target, in this case, the terrain surface, whilst mounted on an aerial
platform such as a Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA), to measure variable distances to the
ground. These light pulses emitted by the sensor combined with the data from an Inertial
Measurement Unit (IMU) and a high resolution RGB camera, can generate a precise, three-
dimensional map of the Earth’s surface in the form of point clouds.
The DJI Zenmuse L1 LiDAR sensor used in this survey is an integrated system consisting of a
Livox LiDAR module, a high-accuracy IMU, and an RGB camera with a 1-inch CMOS on a 3-axis
stabilized gimbal. The technical specifications of the payloads are detailed in Table 4 below.
System Performance
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LiDAR Sensor
Ranging Accuracy (RMS 1σ) 3 cm @ 100m
Maximum Returns Supported 3
IMU
AERIAL PLATFORM
The DJI Matrice 300 RTK is a quadcopter equipped with a built-in Real-Time Kinematic (RTK)
module and a 6-sense directional sensing system. The technical specifications of the M300RTK
are listed in Table 5.
BASE STATION
The DJI D-RTK 2 Mobile station is a high-precision GNSS receiver that supports all 4 major global
satellite navigation systems and provides real-time differential corrections to the positional
measurements taken with the M300RTK.
Positioning Accuracy
Single Point Horizontal:1.5 m(RMS)
Vertical:3.0 m(RMS)
RTK Horizontal:1 cm+ 1 ppm(RMS)
Vertical:2 cm+ 1 ppm(RMS)
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3. SURVEY METHODOLOGY
The topographic survey was carried out with a LiDAR sensor mounted on an RPA platform. A
total of three (3) flight missions were flown to cover the AOI at a flying height of 80 meters
above ground level (AGL), flight speed of 5m/s and ground sampling of 2.18 cm/pixel. Flight
plans were created using the mobile app DJI Pilot 2. To ensure uniform point density and
quality of data, missions were flown at a uniform height above the ground by using the Follow
Terrain feature of the mobile application.
4. DATA PROCESSING
Processing of raw LiDAR data involves multiple stages of adjustment and quality checks before
producing high quality classified point cloud, DSM and DTM.
LiDAR processing workflow includes trajectory computation, point cloud georectification, point
cloud classification, data validation, quality assurance, and elevation model production.
The aircraft trajectory was computed by integrating the RPAS position data and the correction
from the RTK base station. The DJI Terra software was used to geo-rectify the LiDAR data by
subjecting it to adjustments provided by the IMU and flight trajectory.
Initial quality assessment was done to check for gaps, point cloud density and accuracy.
Position of ground control points measured with the RTK was compared to the position based
on the geo-rectified point cloud. The Cloud Compare software was then used when further
adjustments were necessary.
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Point cloud classification was carried out using the ENVI LiDAR software. The ENVI AI was able
to automatically classify the geo-rectified point cloud to different classes such as ground,
building, vegetation and powerlines. The software has a QA platform which was used to review
the results, manually change the classification, local parameters, and vectors to further
improve the point cloud classification. Once isolated, the point cloud classified as ground was
used to create a bare-earth elevation model which is the DTM.
The DTM produced from the classified ground point cloud was checked and validated by
comparing the elevation of the survey check points measured using RTK to that of the elevation
interpolated from the DTM.
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5. SURVEY RESULTS
During the data processing of the LiDAR data, a QA check was performed after georectification
to check if the resulting point cloud is oriented accurately relative to the project control
network. This is to ensure that the point cloud is in its proper location and orientation prior to
classification and DEM production.
Measured elevations of the ground control points taken with RTK during the LiDAR survey were
compared to the elevations of the same location based on the point cloud.
For the purpose of quality checking of the LiDAR survey during data processing, ground control
points and check points were measured within the AOI using RTK GNSS.
Ground control points (see Table 7) are points used in the initial quality assurance of the point
cloud georectification prior to classification. Position of these control points are placed in
strategic locations where it is clear and relatively flat within the area of interest. L-shaped white
sacks were laid on the ground and the position of the elbow corner of the sack was measured
with RTK GNSS.
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Table below lists the ground control points used for georectification.
Check points (see Table 8) are points used to validate the quality of the vertical aspect of the
produced DTM. They are located in both vegetated and non-vegetated areas.
Table 8 lists the 13 survey check points used for validating the DTM.
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6. SURVEY PERSONNEL
Below is the list of MCI personnel involved in the topographic survey:
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DJI ZENMUSE L1
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DJI D-RTK2
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Location
RZ-154A
The control point is located in Barangay Pinugay,
Muncipality of Baras, Province of Rizal. The station is located
along Marcos Highway. Established at the SE approach of the
3rd Concrete Bridge.
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Location
API-8
The control point is located in Barangay San Jose, City of
Antipolo, Province of Rizal. The station is located on the left
side of Calawis Road going to Mt. Purro, about 250m
approaching the Calawis-Kaysakat intersection.
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