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    ABEGAIL ANZALDO
    Republic Act 9344 establishes a comprehensive juvenile justice and welfare system in the Philippines. It creates the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council under the Department of Justice. The act defines a child as anyone under 18 years old, and establishes different processes and protections depending on the child's age and circumstances. For children 15 years old and under, there is no criminal liability. Children 15-18 can face intervention or diversion programs, rather than criminal prosecution, depending on their discernment level. The goal is rehabilitation and restoration, not punishment.

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    Republic Act 9344 establishes a comprehensive juvenile justice and welfare system in the Philippines. It creates the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council under the Department of Justice. The act defines a child as anyone under 18 years old, and establishes different processes and protections depending on the child's age and circumstances. For children 15 years old and under, there is no criminal liability. Children 15-18 can face intervention or diversion programs, rather than criminal prosecution, depending on their discernment level. The goal is rehabilitation and restoration, not punishment.

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    Republic Act 9344 establishes a comprehensive juvenile justice and welfare system in the Philippines. It creates the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council under the Department of Justice. The act defines a child as anyone under 18 years old, and establishes different processes and protections depending on the child's age and circumstances. For children 15 years old and under, there is no criminal liability. Children 15-18 can face intervention or diversion programs, rather than criminal prosecution, depending on their discernment level. The goal is rehabilitation and restoration, not punishment.

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    ABEGAIL ANZALDO
    Republic Act 9344 establishes a comprehensive juvenile justice and welfare system in the Philippines. It creates the Juvenile Justice and Welfare Council under the Department of Justice. The act defines a child as anyone under 18 years old, and establishes different processes and protections depending on the child's age and circumstances. For children 15 years old and under, there is no criminal liability. Children 15-18 can face intervention or diversion programs, rather than criminal prosecution, depending on their discernment level. The goal is rehabilitation and restoration, not punishment.

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    REPUBLIC ACT 9344 AGE LIABILITY PROGRAM

    15 and below
    AN ACT ESTABLISHING A COMPREHENSIVE JUVENILE N/A N/A
    JUSTICE AND WELFARE SYSTEM, CREATING THE 15 and 1 day but less With Diversion
    JUVENILE JUSTICE AND WELFARE COUNCIL UNDER than 18 years old
    THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, APPROPRIATING with discernment
    FUNDS THEREFOR AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES 15 and 1 day without Exempted Intervention
    discernment
    CAR- Child at risk because of his personal or medical
    circumstances. DIVERSION- Alternative treatment for child only applicable to those
    with penalty of below 6 years and victimless arrest.
    NEUROTIC- Preoccupied of his feeling or internalized conflict.
    Note: A child received a penalty of above 6 years, diversion is not
    NEUROSES- With anxiety, neurotic fear, depression, and applicable.
    phobia.
    PROCESS OF DIVERSION
    JUVENILE- Derived from juvenalis means “youth”
    1. Barangay – within 3 days
    WHO IS CONSIDERED AS A CHILD? 2. Fiscal
    3. Court
    PD 603 Magna Carta of Youth. Below 21 years old
    “Child and Welfare except those emancipated in accordance with Mediation – Kasunduan
    Youth Code” law
     9 years old and below has no criminal CHILD SENTENCE OR RECEIVED CONVICTION GUILTY
    irresponsibility - Automatic suspension of sentence and must go to Bahay
    RA 6809 An act lowering the age of majority from 21 to Pag-asa.
    “Emancipation 18 years old -
    Law” PROCESS WHEN A CHILD IS ALREADY IN BAHAY PAG-ASA
    RA 9344 - When the child is already 18 years of age.
    A child fifteen (15) years of age or under at the
    “Juvenile Justice 1. Execute the sentence
    time of the commission of the offense shall be 2. Extend the program up to 21 years of age
    Welfare Act” exempt from criminal liability 3. Dismissal hereby advised by the LSWD Officer
     15 years old and below has no
    criminal irresponsibility PROBATION – It is the right of child and privileged for adults.
    RA 7610 Any person who is under 18 or above but
    “Anti-Child Abuse cannot fully take care of their self because of DISCERNMENT – Capacity of a person to know the difference from
    Law” mental incapability are considered child right and wrong and the consequences of their acts.
    RA 9775 Any person who is under 18 or above even if
    “Anti-Child capable but being depicted as child in any form DELIQUENCY – An social acts committed by child against the norms
    Pornography “ of society
    RA 10630 12 years old to 15 years old committed serious
    “Amended RA crime. DELIQUENT – Person who acts against the norms of the society.
    9344”
    STATUS OFFENSE – This refers to the acts when done by child are
    EMANCIPATED – Free from parental authority not punishable but when done by adult it is punishable.

    PARENT RESPONSIBILITY- Authority of parents over their child and


    property.

    PARENT AUTHORITY- Also known as “Patria Potestas” authority of


    parents over his child under years of age.

    LOCO PARENTIS- Secondary parents (Example: Teacher)


    CHILD- Person who is under 18 or above the capabilities such as
    1. PWD
    2. Insane
    3. Or any mental incapability

    RA 9532- An act amending the definition of abandoned child from 6


    months to 3 months in which the purpose is to make sure that they
    are legally available for adoption.

    CIVIL PERSONALITY- Upon conception (meeting of egg cell and


    sperm cell)

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