Part 2 of Lin Notes 2024

Part 2 of Lin Notes 2024
a solution to one of them isn’t material. In order to be a solution to the system the set of numbers
must be a solution to each and every equation in the system. It is completely possible as well that a
system will not have a solution at all. Consider the following system. 4 10 4 3 x y x y − = − = − (3) It is
clear (hopefully) that this system of equations can’t possibly have a solution. A solution to this
system would have to be a pair of numbers x and y so that if we plugged them into each equation it
will be a solution to each equation. However, since the left side is identical this would mean that
we’d need an x and a y so that 4 x − y is both 10 and -3 for the exact same pair of numbers. This
clearly can’t happen and so (3) does not have a solution. Likewise, it is possible for a system to have
more than one solution, although we do need to be careful here as we’ll see. Let’s take a look at the
following system. 2 8 8 4 32 x y x y − + = − = − (4) We’ll leave it to you to verify that all of the
following are four of the infinitely many solutions to the first equation in this system. xy x y x y xy = =
=− = =− = = = 0, 8 3, 2, 4, 0 5, 18 Recall from our work above that there will be infinitely many
solutions to a single linear equation. We’ll also leave it to you to verify that these four solutions are
also four of the infinitely many solutions to the second equation in (4). Let’s investigate this a little
more. Let’s just find the solution to the first equation (we’ll worry about the second equation in a
second). Following the work we did in Example 1 we can see that the infinitely many solutions to the
first equation in (4) are xt y t t = =+ 2 8, is any number Now, if we also find just the solutions to the
second equation in (4) we get xt y t t = =+ 2 8, is any number These are exactly the same! So, this
means that if we have an actual numeric solution (found by choosing t above…) to the first equation
it will be guaranteed to also be a solution to the second equation and so will be a solution to the
system (4). This means that we in fact have infinitely many solutions to (4). Let’s take a look at the
three systems we’ve been working with above in a little more detail. This will allow us to see a
couple of nice facts about systems. Linear Algebra © 2005 Paul Dawkins 8
http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/terms.asp Since each of the equations in (2),(3), and (4) are linear in
two unknowns (x and y) the graph of each of these equations is that of a line. Let’s graph the pair of
equations from each system on the same graph and see what we get. Linear Algebra © 2005 Paul
Dawkins 9 http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/terms.asp From the graph of the equations for system (2)
we can see that the two lines intersect at the point ( ) −3,5 and notice that, as a point, this is the
solution to the system as well. In other words, in this case the solution to the system of two linear
equations and two unknowns is simply the intersection point of the two lines. Note that this idea is
validated in the solution to systems (3) and (4). System (3) has no solution and we can see from the
graph of these equations that the two lines are parallel and hence will never intersect. In system (4)
we had infinitely many solutions and the graph of these equations shows us that they are in fact the
same line, or in some ways the “intersect” at an infinite number of points. Now, to this point we’ve
been looking at systems of two equations with two unknowns but some of the ideas we saw above
can be extended to general systems of n equations with m unknowns. First, there is a nice geometric
interpretation to the solution of systems with equations in two or three unknowns. Note that the
number of equations that we’ve got won’t matter the interpretation will be the same. If we’ve got a
system of linear equations in two unknowns then the solution to the system represents the point(s)
where all (not some but ALL) the lines will intersect. If there is no solution then the lines given by the
equations in the system will not intersect at a single point. Note in the no solution case if there are
more than two equations it may be that any two of the equations will intersect, but there won’t be a
single point were all of the lines will intersect. If we’ve got a system of linear equations in three
unknowns then the graphs of the equations will be planes in 3D-space and the solution to the
system will represent the

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