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Waste

Management
WASTE
Waste refers to any material, substance, or
byproduct that is discarded, unwanted, or
no longer useful to its original owner or
producer. Waste can take various forms,
including solid, liquid, or gaseous, and
may be generated from residential,
commercial, industrial, agricultural, or
institutional activities.
Methods of Disposal
Landfill

In this process, the waste that cannot be reused or


recycled are separated out and spread as a thin layer in
low-lying areas across a city. A layer of soil is added after
each layer of garbage. However, once this process is
complete, the area is declared unfit for construction of
buildings for the next 20 years. Instead, it can only be used
as a playground or a park.
Incineration

Incineration is the process of controlled combustion of


garbage to reduce it to incombustible matter such as ash
and waste gas. The exhaust gases from this process may
be toxic, hence it is treated before being released into the
environment. This process reduces the volume of waste by
90 per cent and is considered as one of the most hygienic
methods of waste disposal.
Waste Compaction

The waste materials such as cans and plastic bottles are


compacted into blocks and sent for recycling. This
process prevents the oxidation of metals and reduces
airspace need, thus making transportation and
positioning easy.
Biogas Generation

Biodegradable waste, such as food items, animal waste or


organic industrial waste from food packaging industries
are sent to bio-degradation plants. In bio-degradation
plants, they are converted to biogas by degradation with
the help of bacteria, fungi, or other microbes.
Composting

All organic materials decompose with time. Food scraps,


yard waste, etc., make up for one of the major organic
wastes we throw every day. The process of composting
starts with these organic wastes being buried under
layers of soil and then, are left to decay under the action
of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi.
Vermicomposting

Vermicomposting is the process of using worms for the


degradation of organic matter into nutrient-rich manure.
Worms consume and digest the organic matter. The
by-products of digestion which are excreted out by the
worms make the soil nutrient-rich, thus enhancing the
growth of bacteria and fungi. It is also far more effective
than traditional composting.
Effects of
Waste
Health Risks

Contaminated soil, water, and air


can transmit diseases due to
improper waste management.
Waste that is improperly disposed
of or dumped might draw bugs
and rodents, raising the possibility
of diseases carried by vectors.
Pollution

Waste, especially plastic waste,


can contaminate soil, waterways,
and oceans, leading to pollution.
Chemicals and toxins leaching
from landfills can contaminate
groundwater, affecting both
human health and ecosystems.
Climate Change

Organic waste in landfills


generates methane, a potent
greenhouse gas, contributing to
climate change. Additionally, the
production and disposal of
waste require energy, often
derived from fossil fuels, further
exacerbating climate change.
Water Contamination

Improper disposal of waste can


contaminate groundwater and surface
water sources, affecting drinking water
quality and potentially leading to
waterborne diseases.
Aesthetic and Quality of
Life Concerns

Living in places with inadequate waste


management, such as overflowing
landfills or streets filled with trash, can
negatively impact inhabitants' mental
health and lower their standard of
living in general.
WASTE MANAGEMENT
Refers to the processes involved in
managing waste from cradle to
grave. This includes the collection,
transportation, disposal/recycling
and monitoring of waste materials
produced as a result of human
activity.
The 5Rs of
Waste
Management
The 5Rs of Waste Management
Refuse
This involves saying no to things that are not necessary, such as
single-use plastics or excessive packaging.

Reduce
This emphasizes the importance of minimizing the amount of waste
generated by using fewer resources and being more conscious of
consumption.
The 5Rs of Waste Management
Reuse
Instead of disposing of items after a single use, consider finding
ways to reuse them. This could involve repurposing items or using
durable goods that have a longer lifespan.

Repurpose

This involves giving items a new purpose or use, extending their


lifespan, and reducing waste.
The 5Rs of Waste Management

Recycle
Recycling involves processing used materials into new products,
reducing the need for raw materials, and lowering the overall
environmental impact.
Waste Management Life Cycle
Proposed
Engineering
Solutions
Waste To Energy Project
Waste-to-energy plants burn municipal
solid waste (MSW), often called
garbage or trash, to produce steam in
a boiler, and the steam is used to
power an electric generator turbine.
Waste To Energy Project
Solar-powered Waste
Compactors
Solar-powered waste compactors are a
game-changer when it comes to waste management
in remote environments. These compactors use
solar panels to generate electricity and compress
the waste, reducing its volume significantly. They
are self-contained and require minimal
maintenance, making them ideal for areas with
limited access to power and resources.
Solar-powered Waste
Compactors
Thanks!
Group 3
Aedan Manuel
Ely Astronomo
John Xyrus Fuentes
Cyde Ryan Marquez
Jhanroe Ryan Legaspi
Jhay Mari Camins

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