2.

18 Theory and Exercise Book

SECTION-A 9. For what values of a does the curve

FINDING INTERVALS OF MONOTONOCITY f(x) = x(a 2 – 2a – 2) + cos x is always strictly
1. The interval in which the function x3 increases less monotonic  x  R.
2
rapidly than 6x + 15x + 5 is (A) a  R (B) |a| < 2
(A) (– ,– 1) (B) (–5, 1) (C) 1– 2  a  1+ 2 (D) |a| < 2 –1
(C) (–1, 5) (D) (5, )
SECTION-C
CHECKING MONOTONOCITY AT POINT
| x  1|
2. The function is monotonically decreasing in OR IN AN INTERVAL
x2 10. In the interval (0, 1), f(x) = x2 – x + 1 is -
(A) (2, ) (B) (0, 1) (A) monotonic (B) not monotonic
(C) (0, 1) and (2, ) (D) (–) (C) decreasing (D) increasing
11. Function f(x) = sin x – cos x is monotonic
3. The true set of real values of x for which the
increasing when -
function, f(x) = x ln x – x + 1 is positive is (A) x  (0, /2) (B) x  ( –/4, /4)
(A) (1, ) (B) (1/e, ) (C) x  (/4, 3/4) (D) No where
(C) [e, ) (D) (0, 1) and (1, )
12. Function f(x)=(x – 1)2 (x – 2) is monotonically de-
creasing when -
4. The set of all x for which ln (1 + x)  x is equal to
(A) x  (1, 2) (B) x  (1, 5/3)
(A) x > 0 (B) x > – 1 (C) x  R – (1, 5/3) (D) No where
(C) –1 < x < 0 (D) null set
13. For 0  x  1, the function
f(x) = |x| + |x – 1| is
x2 x2 (A) monotonically increasing
5. If f(x) = ; g(x) =
2  2 cos x 6 x  6sin x (B) monotonically decreasing
where 0 < x < 1, then (C) constant function
(A) both ‘f’ and ‘g’ are increasing functions (D) identity function
(B) ‘f’ is decreasing & ‘g’ is increasing function SECTION-D
(C) ’f’ is increasing & ‘g’ is decreasing function MAXIMUM & MINIMUM VALUE IN CLOSED
(D) both ‘f’ & ‘g’ are decreasing function INTERVAL BY MONOTONOCITY
14. If f(x) = x2 + kx + 1 is increasing function in the
6. f(x) = x2 – x sin x is interval [ 1, 2], then least value of k is –
(A) 2 (B) 4 (C) –2 (D) –4
(A) increasing for 0  x /2
(B) decreasing for 0  x /2 SECTION-E
(C) decreasing for [/4,/2] PROVING INEQUATION BY
MONOTONOCITY
(D) None of these
x
3 2 15. If < log(1 + x) < x then
7. x – 3x – 9x + 20 is (1  x )
(A) –ve for x < 4 (B) +ve for x > 4 (A) x > 0 (B) x < (C) x = 0 (D) none
(C) –ve for x  (0, 1) (D) –ve for x  (–1, 0)
16. If f(x) = 2x secx + x and g(x) = 3 tanx then in
SECTION -B interval x  (0, /2) is
FINDING VALUE OF VARIABLE GIVEN (A) f(x) > g(x) (B) f(x) < g(x)
MONOTONIC BEHAVIOUR
(C) f(x) = g(x) (D) None of these
8. If y = (a + 2) x3 – 3ax2 + 9ax – 1 decreases 17. If f(x) = sin x tan x and g(x) = x2 then in interval
monotonically  x  R then ‘a’ lies in the interval x  (0, /2) is
(A) (– , – 3] (B) (– , – 2)  (–2, 3) (A) f(x) > g(x) (B) f(x) < g(x)
(C) (–3, ) (D) None of these (C) f(x) = g(x) (D) None of these
394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota
 Monotonocity 2.19

SECTION-F 26. LMVT is not applicable for which of the following ?

BASED ON ROLLE’S THEOREM (A) f(x) = x2, x  [3, 4]
18. The function f(x) = x3 – 6x2 + ax + b satisfy the (B) f(x) = ln x, x  [1, 3]
conditions of Rolle’s theorem in [1, 3]. The value (C) f(x) = 4x2 – 5x2 + x – 2, x  [0, 1]
of a and b are 4 1/ 5  1 1
(A) 11, –6 (B) –6, 11 (D) f(x) = {x ( x  1)} , x    2 , 2 
 
(C) –11, 6 (D) 6, –11 27. Equation 3x2 + 4ax + b = 0 has at least one root in
(0, 1) if
19. If f(x) and g(x) are differentiable in [0, 1] such that (A) 4a + b + 3 = 0 (B) 2a + b + 1 = 0
f(0) = 2, g(0) = 0, f(1) = 6, g(1) = 2, then Rolle’s 4
theorem is applicable for which of the following (C) b = 0, a = – (D) None of these
3
(A) f(x) – g(x) (B) f(x) – 2g(x)
28. Let f(x) = (x – 4) (x – 5) (x – 6) (x – 7) then,
(C) f(x) + 3g(x) (D) None of these (A) f (x) = 0 has four roots
(B) Three roots of f(x) = 0 lie in (4, 5) (5, 6)  (6, 7)
20. A function  is defined by  (x) = 2 + (x – 1)2/3 in [0, 2], (C) The equation f (x) = 0 has only one real root
Which of the following is not correct? (D) Three roots of f(x) = 0 lie in (3, 4) (4, 5)  (5, 6)
(A)  is not derivable in (0, 2)
(B)  is continuous in [0, 2] SECTION-H & I : CURVE SKETCHING,
(C)  (0) = (2) QUESTION ON FINDING NUMBER OF SOLUTION
(D) Rolle's theorem is true in [0, 2] 29. The curve y = f(x) which satisfies the condition
f(x) > 0 and f(x) < 0 for all real x, is
21. If a + b + c = 0, then the equation 3ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 y y

has, in the interval (0, 1)

(A) atleast one root (B) atmost one root
(A) (B)
(C) no root (D) None of these x
0 x
0
22. If 27a + 9b + 3c + d = 0, then the equation y y
4ax3 + 3bx2 + 2cx + d = 0, has atleast one real root
lying between –
(A) 0 and 1 (B) 1 and 3 (C) (D)
(C) 0 and 3 (D) None of these x x
0 0

SECTION-G : BASED ON LMVT

30. f : R  R be a differentiable function  x  R. If
23. Function for which LMVT is applicable but Rolle’s
theorem is not tangent drawn to the curve at any point x  (a, b)
always lie below the curve, then
(A) f(x) = x3 – x, x  [0, 1]
(A) f(x) > 0 f(x) < 0  x  (a, b)
 x 2 , 0  x 1 (B) f(x) < 0 f(x) < 0  x  (a, b)
(B) f(x) =  (C) f(x) > 0 f(x) > 0  x  (a, b) (D) None
 x , 1 x  2
(C) f(x) = ex, x  [–3, 3] 31. If f(x) = a{a| x| sgn x} ; g(x) = a[ a| x| sgn x ] for a > 1, a  1
(D) f(x) = 1 – 3 2
x , x  [–1, 1] and x  R, where {*} & [*] denote the fractional
part and integral part functions respectively, then
24. A value of C for which the conclusion of Mean Value which of the following statements holds good for the
Theorem holds for the function f(x) = loge x on the function h(x), where (ln a) h(x) = (ln f(x) + ln g(x)).
interval [1, 3] is (A) ‘h’ is even and increasing
1 (B) ‘h’ is odd and decreasing
(A) 2 log3 e (B) loge (C) ‘h’ is even and decreasing
2
(C) log3 e (D) loge 3 (D) ‘h’ is odd and increasing
32. Given that f is a real valued differentiable function
25. The number of values of ‘c’ of Lagrange’s mean such that f(x) f(x) < 0 for all real x, it follows that
value theorem for the function, (A) f(x) is an increasing function
f(x) = (x – 1) (x – 2) (x – 3), x  (0, 4) is (B) f(x) is a decreasing function
(A) 1 (B) 2 (C) |f(x)| is an increasing function
(C) 3 (D) None of these (D) |f(x)| is a decreasing function

www.motioniitjee.com
2.20 Theory and Exercise Book

FINDING INTERVALS OF MONOTONOCITY 5 4 2

1. The function f(x) = tan–1 (sin x + cos x) is an 7. If f(x) = x  x  x3  kx  x be an
5 4 2
increasing function in
increasing function  x  R, then k2 is
    
(A)  4 , 2  (B)   ,  (A) 11 (B) 12 (C) 13 (D) 14
 2 4

 
   
 MAXIMUM & MINIMUM VALUE IN CLOSED
(C)  0,  (D)   , 
 2   2 2  INTERVAL BY MONOTONOCITY
8. The function f ( x )  | px  q |  r | x | , x(, ),
2. Function f(x) = log sin x is monotonic
increasing when where p > 0, q > 0, r > 0 assumes its
(A) x (/2, ) (B) x (–/2, 0) minimum value only at one point if
(C) x (0, ) (D) x (0, /2) (A) p  q (B) r  q
(C) r  p (D) p = q = r
FINDING VALUE OF VARIABLE GIVEN
MONOTONIC BEHAVIOUR
3. The values of p for which the function BASED ON ROLLE’S THEOREM
9. The function f(x) = x(x + 3) e–x/2 satisfies all the
 p+4 
5
f(x)=  1- p -1 x – 3x + ln 5 decreases for all real x is conditions of Rolle’s theorem in [–3, 0]. The value
 
of c which verifies Rolle’s theorem, is
(A) (– ) (A) 0 (B) –1
 3  21  (C) –2 (D) 3
(B)  4, 2 
 (1, )

C 0 C1 C 2
 5  27  10. If + + = 0, where C0C1C2 are all real, then
(C)  3, 2  (2, ) (D) (1, ) 1 2 3
 
the quadratic equation C2x2 + C1x + C0 = 0 has
(A) at least one root in (0, 1)
4. The set of values of the parameter ‘a’ for which
the function; f(x) = 8ax – a sin 6x – 7x – sin 5x (B) one root in (1, 2) and the other in (3, 4)
increases & has no critical points for all x  R, is (C) one root in (–1, 1)and the other in (–5, –2)
(A) [–1, 1] (B) (–, –6) (D) both roots imaginary
(C) (6, +) (D) [6, +)

5. For what values of x, the function a0 a a a

11. If + 1 + 2 +...+ n1 + an = 0, then the
4 n 1 n n 1 2
f(x) = x + is monotonically decreasing equation a0xn + a1xn–1 + ...+ an–1x + an = 0 has, in
x2
the interval (0, 1),
(A) x < 0 (B) x > 2
(C) x < 2 (D) 0 < x < 2 (A) exactly one root (B) atleast one root
(C) atmost one root (D) No root.
CHECKING MONOTONOCITY AT POINT OR
IN AN INTERVAL
12. If the polynomial equation
6. f(x) = 2x2 – log | x | (x  0) is monotonic increasing
in the interval - anxn + an–1xn–1 + ... + a2x2 + a1x + a0 = 0; n positive
integer, has two different real roots  and , then
(A) (1/2, )
between  and , the equation nanxn–1 + (n – 1) an–
(B) (– , –1/2) (1/2, )
1
xn–2 + .... + a1 = 0 has
(C) (– , –1/2)  (0, 1/2) (A) exactly one root (B) atmost one root
(D) (–1/2, 0)  (1/2, ) (C) atleast one root (D) No root
394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota
 Monotonocity 2.21

13. The value of c for the function f(x) = log sin x in the CURVE SKETCHING, QUESTION ON FINDING
  5  NUMBER OF SOLUTIONS
interval  6 , 6  is- 18. For which values of ‘a’ will the function
 
  2
(A) (B) (C) (D) None 4 3 3x2
4 2 3 f(x) = x + ax + + 1 will be concave upward
2

14. If the function f(x) = x3 – 6x2 + ax + b defined on along the entire real line
[1, 3], satisfies the Rolle’s theorem for (A) a  [0, ) (B) a  (–2, 2)
2 3 1 (C) a  [–2, 2] (D) a  (0, )
c= , then-
3
(A) a = 11, b = 6 (B) a = –11, b = 6 19. If f(x) = 1 + xm (x – 1)n, m, n  N, then f(x) = 0 has
(C) a = 11, b  R (D) None of these atleast one root in the interval
(A) (0, 1) (B) (2, 3)
sin x sin a sin b (C) (–1, 0) (D) None of these

15. If f(x) = cos x cos a cos b , where 0 < a < b < ,
2 20. Let f(x) = ax4 + bx3 + x2 + x – 1. If 9b2 < 24a, then
tan x tan a tan b
then the equation f ‘(x) = 0 has, in the interval number of real roots of f(x) = 0 are
(a, b)- (A) 4 (B) > 2
(A) atleast one root (B) atmost one root (C) 0 (D) can’t say
(C) no root (D) None of these
21. The equation xex = 2 has
BASED ON LMVT
(A) one root of x < 0 (B) two roots for x > 1
16. If the function f(x) = x3 – 6ax2 + 5x satisfies the
(C) no root in (0, 1) (D) one root in (0, 1)
conditions of Lagrange’s mean theorem for the
interval [1, 2] and the tangent to the curve y = f(x) at MIXED PROBLEMS
x = 7/4 is parallel to the chord joining the points of 22. A function y = f(x) has a second order derivative
intersection of the curve with the ordinates x = 1 f = 6(x – 1). If its graph passes through the point (2, 1)
and x = 2. Then the value of a is and at that point the tangent of the graph is y = 3x – 5,
(A) 35/16 (B) 35/48 then the function is
(A) (x–1)2 (B) (x–1)3
(C) 7/16 (D) 5/16
(C) (x+1)3 (D) (x+1)2

17. f : [0, 4]  R is a differentiable function then for

some a, b  (0, 4), f2(4) – f2(0) equals  tan b  tan a
23. If 0 < a < b < and f(a, b) = , then
(A) 8f(a) . f(b) (B) 4f(a) f(b) 2 ba
(C) 2f(a) f(b) (D) f(a) f(b) (A) f(a, b)  2 (B) f(a, b)  1
(C) f(a, b)  1 (D) None of these

www.motioniitjee.com
2.22 Theory and Exercise Book

FINDING INTERVALS OF MONOTONOCITY 7. Let (x)=f(x)3–3(f(x))2+4f(x)+5x+3 sin x+4 cos x

1. Which of the following statements is/are correct  x  R, then
(A) x + sin x is increasing function (A)  is increasing whenever f is increasing
(B) sec x is neither increasing nor decreasing (B)  is increasing whenever f is decreasing
function (C)  is decreasing whenever f is decreasing
(C) x + sin x is decreasing function (D)  is decreasing if f(x) = –11
(D) sec x is an increasing function
8. The function f(x) = 3x4 + 4x3 – 12x2 – 7 is
2. Let f(x) = xm/n for x  R where m and n are integers, (A)  in [–2, 0] & [1, )
m even and n odd and 0 < m < n. Then (B)  in (–, –2] & [0, 1]
(A) f(x) decreases on (–, 0] (C)  in [–2, 0] & [1, )
(B) f(x) increases on [0, ) (D)  in (–, –2] & [0, 1]
(C) f(x) increases on (–, 0] 9. The function f(x) = x2/(x – 1), x  1 is
(D) f(x) decreases on [0, ) (A)  [0, 1)  (1, 2]
2 (B)  ln (–, 0]  [2, )
3. The function y = 2x – ln |x| is monotonically
(C)  [0, 1)  (1, 2]
increasing in the interval  1 and monotonically (D) ln (–, 0]  [2, )
decreasing in the interval 2, x ( 0), then
10. The function f(x) = 2 ln (x – 2) – x2 + 4x + 1
 1  1   1  1
(A) 1=   ,0   ,  (B) 2=  ,     0,  increases in the intervals
2 2  2  2
(A) (1, 2) (B) (2, 3)
 1  1  1  1 
(C) 1=  ,     0,  (D) 2 =   , 0    ,   5 
 2   2   2  2  (C)  ,3 (D) (2, 4)
2 

4. If (x)=f(x) + f(2a – x) and f(x)>a, a>0, 0  x  2 a, 11. Let the function f(x) = sin x + cos x, be defined in
then [0, 2], then f(x)
(A) (x) increases in (a, 2a) (A) increases in (/4, /2)
(B) (x) increases in (0, a) (B) decreases in [/4, 5/4]
(C) f(x) decreases in (0, a) (C) increases in [0, /4]  [5/4, 2]
(D) (x) decreases in (1, 2a) (D) decreases in [0, /4)  (/2, 2]

CHECKING MONOTONOCITY
5. If f(x) = 2x + cot–1 x + log ( 1  x 2  x) , then f(x) AT POINT OR IN AN INTERVAL
(A) increases in [0, ) 12. Let f(x) and g(x) be two continuous and
(B) decreases in [0, ) differentiable functions from R  R such that f(x1)
(C) neither increases nor decreases in [0, ) > f(x2) & g(x1) < g(x2)  x1 > x2 then possible values
(D) increases in (–) of x satisfying f(g(2x2 – 8x)) > f(g(x – 4)) is/are
(A) 0 (B) 1
6. Let g(x) = 2f(x/2) + f(1 – x) and f(x) < 0 in 0  x  1 (C) 2 (D) 3
then g(x)
PROVING INEQUATION BY MONOTONOCITY
 2 2  13. Which of the following inequalities are valid
(A) decreases in 0,  (B) decreases  ,1
 3 3  (A) |tan–1 x – tan–1 y|  |x – y|  x, y  R
(B) |tan–1 x – tan–1 y|  |x – y|
  2   2
(C) increases in 0,  (D) increases in  ,1 (C) |sin x – sin y|  |x – y|
 3 3 
(D) |sin x – sin y|  |x – y|

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

 Monotonocity 2.23

BASED ON ROLLE’S THEOREM, LMVT 17. Let f and g be two functions defined on an interval
14. Which of the following functions do not satisfy  such that f(x)  0 and g(x)  0 for all x and f is
conditions of Rolle’s Theorem ? strictly decreasing on  while g is strictly increasing
on  then
  
(A) ex sin x, x   0,  (A) the product function fg is strictly increasing on 
 2
(B) the product function fg is strictly decreasing on 
 3 (C) fog(x) is monotonically increasing on 
(B) (x + 1)2 (2x – 3)5, x   1, 
 2 (D) fog(x) is monotonically decreasing on 
(C) sin |x|, x [, 2] –1
18. If f(x) = tan x – (1/2) ln x then
1    (A) the greatest value of f(x) on [1/ 3 , 3 ] is /6
(D) sin ,x  2 , 2 
x  
+ (1/4) ln 3
2 (B) the least value of f(x) on [1/ 3 , 3 ] is
15. Let f ' (x) = e x and f (0)=10 and A<f (1)<B can
/3–(1/4) ln 3
be concluded from the Mean Value Theorem then
(C) f(x) decreases on (0, )
the largest value of (A – B) is less than
(D) f(x) increases on (–, 0)
(A) 0 (B) 1 (C) 2 (D) e

MIXED PROBLEMS 19. For the function f(x) = x4 (12 ln x – 7)

16. If p, q, r be real then the intervals in which, (A) the point (1, –7) is the point of inflection
1/3
(B) x = e is the point of minima
x  p2 pq pr (C) the graph is concave downwards in (0, 1)
pq x  q2 qr
(D) the graph is concave upwards in (1, )
f(x) =
pr qr x  r2
20. If f(x) = log (x – 2) – 1/x , then
(A) f(x) is M.. for x  (2, )
2 2 (B) f(x) is M.. for x  [–1, 2]
(A) increases is x < – (p + q2 + r2), x > 0
3 (C) f(x) is always concave downwards
(D) f–1(x) is M.. wherever defined
2 2
(B) decrease is (– (p + q2 + r2), 0)
3

2 2
(C) decrease is x < – (p + q2 + r2), x > 0
3

2 2
(D) increase is (– (p + q2 + r2), 0)
3

www.motioniitjee.com
2.24 Theory and Exercise Book

1. (i) Show that f(x) = tan–1 (sin x + cos x) is a 7. Find the greatest & least value of
  x  1 
decreasing function for x   4 , 2  . f(x) = sin
–1
2 – ln x in  , 3 .
x 1  3 

x 8. Using monotonicity prove that

(ii) Show that f(x) =
1 x
– ln (1 + x) is an (i) x < – ln (1 – x) < x(1 – x)–1 for 0 < x < 1

increasing function for x > – 1. x

(ii) < tan–1 x < x for every x  0
1  x2
2. Find the intervals of monotonocity for the following
2
functions. 9. Prove that tan x + 6 ln secx + 2 cos x + 4 > 6 sec
x 4 x3   3
(i)  – 3x2 + 5 x for x   , 2  .
4 3  2 


(ii) sin 10. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function
x
 x 2  ab 
 2 2  f(x) = loge  x(a  b)  + p, for [a, b] where
(ii) M.. in  , ,nZ  
 4n  3 4n  1
0 < a < b.
 2 2 
M.D. in  , ,nZ
 4n  1 4n  1 11. Using Rolle’s theorem prove that the equation
3x2 + px – 1 = 0 has at least one real root in the
(iii) log23 x  log3x interval (–1, 1).

3. Find the intervals of monotonocity for the following 12. f(x) and g(x) are differentiable functions for
functions & represent your solution set on the 0  x  2 such that f(0) = 5, g(0) = 0, f(2) = 8, g(2) = 1.
number line. Show that there exists a number c satisfying 0 < c <
Also plot the graph in each case. 2 and f(c) = 3 g(c).
2
(a) f(x) = 2. e x  4 x 13. Explain the failure of Lagrange’s mean value theorem
(b) f(x) = ex/x 1
(c) f(x) = x2e–x in the interval [–1, 1] for the function f(x) =
x
(d) f(x) = 2x2 – ln |x|
14. If a, b are two real numbers with a < b show that a
real number ‘c’ can be found between a and b such
 x 2 x0 that 3c2 = b2 + ab + a2.
4. Let f(x) =  . Find real values of a such
 ax x0
15. Using LMVT prove that :
that f(x) is strictly monotonically increasing at x = 0.
 
(a) tan x > x in  0,  ,
2  
5. If f(x) = x3 + (a – 1) x2 + 2x + 1 is strictly (b) sin x < x for x > 0
monotonically increasing for every x  R then find
the range of values of ‘a’ 16. Construct the graph of the function

x2  9 2
6. Find the values of ‘a’ for which the function f(x) = – x  3  x  x  1 and comment upon the
f(x) = (a + 2) x3 – 3ax2 + 9ax – 1 decreases for all
real values of x. following
394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota
 Monotonocity 2.25

(a) (–, 0] COMPREHENSION

 5 5  Suppose a,b,c,d be non-zero real numbers and ab > 0,
(b)  in  1,  and  in (–, 1)   3 ,   – {–3}
 3
   1
x2
2
x2
and 0 (1  e ) (ax3 + bx2 + cx + d) dx = 0 (1  e )
5
(c) x = (ax3 + bx2 + cx + d) dx = 0
3
(a) Range of the function,
3 2
(b) Intervals of monotonocity, 22. The equation ax + bx + cx + d = 0 has
(c) Point(s) where f is continuous but not (A) three positive roots
differentiable, (B) three negative roots
(d) Point(s) where f fails to be continuous and (C) two positive and one negative roots
nature of discontinuity.
(D) one positive & two negative roots
(e) Gradient of the curve where f crosses the axis of y.

23. Rolle's theorem can be applied for ax3+bx2+cx+d=0

17. Show that exactly two real values of x satisfy the
2
equation x = x sin x + cos x. the interval
(A) [0, 1] (B) [0, 2]
18. If g(x) is monotonically increasing and f(x) is (C) [1, 2] (D) None of these
monotonically decreasing for x  R and if (gof) (x)
is defined for x  R, then prove that (gof)(x) will 1 2
be monotonically decreasing function. Hence prove 24. If F(x) =  f ( x) dx  0 f ( x) dx  0 f ( x) dx  0
that (gof) (x + 1) < (gof) (x – 1) then in which of the following can Rolle's theorem
can be applied for F(x), where
  2
f(x) = (1 + ex ) (ax + bx + cx + d)
3 2
19. For x   0,  identify which is greater
2 
(A) [0, 1] (B) [0, 2]
(2 sin x + tan x) or (3x). Hence find (C) [1, 2] (D) all of these
 3x 
lim  where [*] denote the greatest
x0  2sin x  tan x  25. Column - I Column - II
integer function. x
(A) The function f(x)= (P) (–, –1)
(1  x 2 )
20. Using monotonocity find range of the function
decreases in the interval
f(x) = x 1  6  x .
(B) The function f(x)=tan–1 x–x (Q) (–, 0)
3 2
21. Let f(x) = x – x + x + 1 and decreases in the interval
 max{ f (t ) : 0  t  x} , 0  x  1
g(x) =  3 x ,1  x  2
 (C) The function (R) (0, )
Discuss the continuity & differentiability of g(x) is
 2 
in the interval (0, 2) f(x) = x – ex + tan   (S) (1, )
 7 
increases in the interval (T) (–, )

www.motioniitjee.com
2.26 Theory and Exercise Book

1. A value of C for which the conclusion of Mean 3. Let f: R  R be a positive increasing function with
Value Theorem holds for the function f(x) = logex on the
f (3x ) f(2x)
interval [1, 3] is - [AIEEE 2007] lim lim
= 1. Then x =
x f ( x) f(x)
1
(A) 2log3 e (B) loge3 [AIEEE 2010]
2
(C) log3 e (D) loge3 2
(A) 1 (B)
3

2. The function f(x) = tan-1 (sinx + cosx) is an 3

increasing function in - [AIEEE 2007] (C) (D) 3
2
(A) ( /4,  /2) (B) (–/2,  /4)
(C) (0,  /2) (D) (–/2,  /2) 4. If f and g are differentiable functions in [0, 1]
satisfying f(0) = 2 = g(1), g(0) = 0 and
f(1) = 6, then for some c  ]0, 1[ :
[AIEEE 2014]
(A) 2f'(c) = g'(c) (B) 2f'(c) = 3g'(c)
(C) f'(c) = g'(c) (D) f'(c) = 2g'(c)

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

 Monotonocity 2.27

1. (a) Let f(x) = 2 + cos x for all real x. [JEE 2007]   

Statement-1 : For each real t, there exists a point ‘c’ in [t, 2. (a) Let the function g : (– , )    .  be given by
2 2  
t + ] such that f ‘(c) = 0.
–1 u 
because g(u) = 2 tan (e ) – . Then, g is
2
Statement-2 : f(t) = f(t + 2) for each real t.
[JEE 2008, 3 + 4]
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; (A) even and is strictly increasing in (0, )
statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1. (B) odd and is strictly decreasing in (–, )
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true; (C) odd and is strictly increasing in (– , )
statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for statement-1. (D) neither even nor odd, but is strictly
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false. increasing in (–)
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
(b) Let f(x) be a non-constant twice differentiable func-
tion defined on (–, ) such that f(x) = f(1 – x) and
(b) Paragraph [JEE 2007] f ’(1/4) = 0. Then
If a continuous function f defined on the real line R, as- (A) f ”(x) vanishes at least twice on [0, 1]
sumes positive and negative values in R then the equation (B) f ’(1/2) = 0
f(x) = 0 has a root in R. For example, if it is known that a 1/ 2
 1
continuous function f on R is positive at some point and its (C)  f  x   sin x dx = 0
 2
minimum value is negative then the equation f(x) = 0 has a 1/ 2
root in R. 1/ 2 1
x
Consider f(x) = ke – x for all real x where k is a real f (t ) esin  t dt  f (1  t ) esin  t dt
constant.
(D)  
0 1/ 2

x
(i) The line y = x meets y = ke for k  0 at 1
(A) no point (B) one point 3. For the function f(x)=x cos , x1,
x
(C) two points (D) more than two points [JEE 2009]
(A) for at least one x in the interval
x [1, ), f(x + 2) – f(x) < 2
(ii) The positive value of k for which ke – x = 0
has only one root is (B) xlim
 f ’(x) = 1
(A) 1/e (B) 1
(C) for all x in the interval
(C) e (D) loge2 [1, ), f(x + 2) – f(x) > 2
(D) f ’(x) is strictly decreasing in the
x
(iii) For k > 0, the set of all values of k for which ke interval [1, )
– x = 0 has two distinct roots is
4. Let f be a real valued function defined on the inter-
(A) (0, 1/e) (B) (1/e, 1)
x
(C) (1/e, ) (D) (0, 1)
val (0, ) by f(x) = n x +  1  sin t dt . Then
(c) Match the column. 0

In the following [x] denotes the greatest integer less than which of the following statement(s) is/are true ?
or equal to x. [JEE 2007] [JEE 2010]
(A) f ”(x) exists for all x  (0, )
Column–I Column–II
(B) f ’(x) exists for all x  (0, ) and f ’ is
(A) x | x | (P) continuous in (–1, 1) continuous on (0, ) but not differ
(B) |x| (Q) differentiable in (–1, 1) entiable on (0, ).
(C) there exists  > 1 such that
(C) x + [x] (R) strictly increasing in (–1, 1) | f ’(x) | < | f(x) | for all x  ()
(D) |x – 1 | + |x + 1 | (S) non differentiable at least (D) there exists  > 0 such that
at one point in (–1, 1) | f (x) | + | f ’(x) |  for all x  (0)
www.motioniitjee.com
2.28 Theory and Exercise Book

Paragraph for Question 5 and 6 9. The number of points in (–  ,  ), for which

Let f(x) = (1 – x) 2 sin2x + x2 for all x  IR, and let x2 – x sin x – cos x = 0, is [JEE 2013]
(A) 6 (B) 4
x (C) 2 (D) 0
 2(t  1) 
 n t  f(t)dt for all x(1, )
g(x)=   t 1  10. Let f(x) = x sin x, x > 0. Then for all natural
1
numbers n, f' (x) vanishes at [JEE 2013]
5. Which of the folloiwng is true ? [JEE 2012]
 1
(A) g is increasing on (1, ) (A) a unique point in the interval  n, n  
 2
(B) g is decreasing on (1, )
(C) g is increasing on (1, 2) and decreasing on (2, )  1 
(B) a unique point in the interval  n  , n  1
(D) g is decreasing on (1, 2) and increasing on (2, )  2 
(C) a unique point in the interval (n, n + 1)
(D) two points in the interval (n, n + 1)
6. Consider the statements :
P : There exists some x  IR such that
11. Let f:(0, )  R be given by
f(x) + 2x = 2(1 + x2)
Q:There exists some x  IR such that x
1
(t  ) dt
t
2f(x) + 1 = 2x(1 + x) f(x) 1 e
 t
. [JEE 2014]
Then x

(A) both P and Q are true Then

(B) P is true and Q is false (A) f(x) is monotonically increasing on [1, )
(C) P is false and Q is true (B) f(x) is monotonically decreasing on (0, 1)
(D) both P and Q are false
1
(C) f(x) + f  x  = 0, for all x  (0, )
Paragraph for Question 7 and 8  
Let f : [0, 1] R (the set of all real numbers) be a function. (D) f(2x) is an odd function of x on R
Suppose the function f is twice differentiable, f (0) = f (1) =
0 and satisfies
f" (x) – 2f' (x) + f(x) ex, x [0, 1]. [JEE 2013]
7. Which of the following is true for 0 < x < 1 ?
1 1
(A) 0 < f(x) <  (B)   f ( x) 
2 2
1
(C)   f ( x )  1 (D) – < f (x) < 0
4

8. If the function e–x f(x) assumes its minimum in the

1
interval [0, 1] at x = , which of the following is
4
true ?
1 3
(A) f '(x) < f(x), <x<
4 4
1
(B) f '(x) > f(x), 0 < x <
4
1
(C) f ' (x) < f (x), 0 < x <
4
3
(D) f ' (x) < f (x), <x<1
4

394-Rajeev Gandhi Nagar, Kota

 Monotonocity 2.29

EXERCISE - I
JEE Main
1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. A 7. B
8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B 12. B 13. C 14. C
15. A 16. A 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. A
22. C 23. C 24. A. 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. B
29. D 30. C 31. D 32. D
EXERCISE - II
JEE Advance
Single correct Option - type Questions
1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. D 6. D 7. A
8. C 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. C
15. A 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B 21. D
22. B 23. B
Multiple correct Option - type Questions
1. A,B 2. A,B 3. A,B 4. A,C 5. A,D 6. B,C 7. A,D
8. A,B 9. C,D 10. B,C 11. B,C 12. B,C,D 13. A,C 14.A,D
15. ABCD 16. A,B 17. A,D 18. A,B,C 19. A,B,C,D 20. A,C,D
EXERCISE - III
Subjective - type Questions
2. (i) M.D. in (–, –3]  [0, 2] M.. in (–3, 0]  [2, )
 2 2   2 2 
(ii) M.. in  , , n Z M.D. in  , , n Z
 4n  3 4n  1  4n  1 4n  1

 1   1 
(iii) M.D. in  0,  M.. in  ,  
 3  3 
3. (a)  in (2, ) & D in (–, 2) (b)  in (1, ) & D in (–, 0)  (0, 1)
1 1 1 1
(c)  in (0, 2) & D in (–, 2)  (2, ) (d)  for x > or – < x < 0 & D for x < – or 0 < x<
2 2 2 2
4. a  R+ 5. [1  6 , 1  6 ] 6. (– , –3] 7. (/6) + (1/2). n 3, (/3) – (1/2) n 3

 5 5  5
16. (a) (–, 0] (b)  in  1,  and  in (–, 1)   ,   – {–3} (c) x =
 3 3  3
(d) removable discont. at x = –3 (missing point ) and non removable discont. at x = 1 (infinite type)
(e) –2
19. 2 sin x + tan x > 3x, limit = 0
20. [ 5 , 10 ] 21. continuous but not diff. at x = 1
Comprehension - based Questions
22. C 23. B 24. D
Matrix Match - type Questions
25. (A)–P,S ; (B)–P,Q,R,S,T ; (C)–P,Q

EXERCISE - IV
Previous Year’s Question
JEE Main
1. A 2. B 3. A 4. D
JEE Advanced
1. (a) B; (b) (i) B, (ii) A, (iii) A; (c) (A)–P, Q, R ; (B)–P, S ; (C)–R, S ; (D)–P, Q
2. (a) C, (b) A, B, C, D 3. B, C, D 4. B,C 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. C 9. C
10. B 11. A,C,D

www.motioniitjee.com