Name: Emre M.

Santander Grade/ Section: SSP X

School: Manukan National High School Date: October 10, 2023

R O B O T I C S
ASSIGNMENT:

1. What is Arduino Uno Microcontroller?

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on the ATmega328P (datasheet). It has 14 digital input/output
pins (of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16 MHz ceramic resonator
(CSTCE16M0V53-R0), a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header and a reset button. It contains
everything needed to support the microcontroller; simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it
with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.. You can tinker with your Uno without worrying too much
about doing something wrong, worst case scenario you can replace the chip for a few dollars and start over
again.

The Arduino UNO is the best board to get started with electronics and coding. If this is your first experience
tinkering with the platform, the UNO is the most robust board you can start playing with. The UNO is the most
used and documented board of the whole Arduino family.

2. What are the parts and their functions of the Arduino Uno Microcontroller?

 ICSP for Atmega 16U - These pins are used to code and boot an Arduino from an external source. These pins
allow inter workings of two or more Arduino boards and also allow you to upload your firmware. The ICSP
pins act as an AVR programmer which is used to code or boot the Arduino.

 Reset Button - The Reset Button is a white or blue push button located on top of your Arduino board. Pressing
it has the same effect as disconnecting and reconnecting the power supply: The board will wait briefly for a
new sketch to uploaded, and then it will start executing any instructions in the sketch from the beginning.
 USB Connector - The most common and easiest way we can power an Arduino board is by using its onboard
USB connector. The USB connector provides a regulated 5V line to power the board's electronics. However,
 5V from the USB connector can also power external components through the 5V pin that can be found in
Arduino boards.

 USB-TTL Converter – The AN-USB-TTL module is a cost-effective way to convert TTL signal a USB
interface. When connected to a PC USB port the AN-USB-TTL module is automatically detected and is
installed as a native COM port which is compatible with any existing serial communication application.

 Poly Fuse – Warnings. The Arduino Uno has a resettable polyfuse that protects your computer's USB ports
from shorts and over current.

 LM358 – If you inspect a UNO, you can find an LM358. You might think what its role here is. It's used as a
comparator to control the input power path.

 5V Regulator – The Arduino Uno has a 5-volt linear voltage regulator on its circuit board, allowing you to use
its coaxial power connector to connect a power supply of 8 to 20 volts DC. The regulator reduces this to the
5 volt DC level that the Arduino uses.

 DC Barrel Jack – USB can be used to power and program. DC can only be used for power - but it's great for
when you want to connect your Arduino and leave it plugged in for a long term project. You can use any
adapter that is Center Positive and 7 to 12VDC output - we recommend 9V DC if possible.

 3.3V Regulator – Uno's 3.3v pin is merely a convenience for supplying a low-current 3.3v device but there is
no provision made for level shifting if/when that is necessary. Genuine Uno's can deliver a max of 150mA to
the 3.3v pin, so plan your current-budget conservatively.

 Digital I/O – The digital inputs and outputs (digital I/O) on the Arduino are what allow you to connect the
Arduino sensors, actuators, and other ICs. Learning how to use them will allow you to use the Arduino to do
some really useful things, such as reading switch inputs, lighting indicators, and controlling relay outputs.

 Built in LED – This LED should light up whenever you plug your Arduino into a power source. If this light
doesn't turn on, there's a good chance something is wrong. Time to re-check your circuit.
 RX TX Leds – These LEDs will give us some nice visual indications whenever our Arduino is receiving or
transmitting data (like when we're loading a new program onto the board).

 16Mhz resonator – Main purpose of ceramic resonators in Arduino is to generate clock signals for
ATmega328P microcontrollers; ceramic resonators feature less precision than crystal oscillators.

 ICSP for ATMega328p – These pins allow inter workings of two or more Arduino boards and also allow you
to upload your firmware. The ICSP pins act as an AVR programmer which is used to code or boot the
Arduino. It mostly works at ATmega 328, which is Arduino UNO.

 ATmega328P Microcontroller – The ATmega328P is the microcontroller that powers the Arduino Uno
development board. The Arduino board makes it easy to interface with the pins on the ATmega328P while
adding extra features that don't come with the standalone microcontroller, including a USB serial interface
and 16 MHz clock.

 Analog Input – A microcontroller analog input allows an external voltage to be converted to digital form,
stored, and processed. This type of input occurs in data loggers, control systems, digital audio, and signal
processors, to mention just a few.

3. What is Arduino IDE?

The Arduino IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is used to write the computer code and upload this
code to the physical board. The Arduino IDE is very simple and this simplicity is probably one of the main
reasons Arduino became so popular.

4. What are the parts and their functions of the Arduino IDE?
 A Text Editor For Writing Code - The editor has features for cutting/pasting and for searching/replacing text.
The message area gives feedback while saving and exporting and also displays errors. The console displays
text output by the Arduino Software (IDE), including complete error messages and other information.

 A Message Area - The message area gives feedback while saving and exporting and also displays errors. The
console displays text output by the Arduino Software (IDE), including complete error messages and other
information. The bottom right-hand corner of the window displays the configured board and serial port.

 A Text Console - The text console displays text output by the Arduino Software (IDE), including complete
error messages and other information. The bottom right-hand corner of the window displays the configured
board and serial port.

 A Toolbar With Buttons For Common Functions - A toolbar with buttons for common functions and a series
of menus. The toolbar buttons allow you to verify and upload programs, create, open, and save sketches,
choose your board and port and open the serial monitor.

 A Series of Menus - File, Edit, Sketch, Tools, Help. The menus are context sensitive, which means only those
items relevant to the work currently being carried out are available.

5. Write a code that can display “Hello World!”

#include <stdio.h>
int main( )
{
int i;
for ( i = 1 ; i <= 5; i++)
{
printf(“\n Hello World”) ;
}
return 0;
}