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    Active vs. Passive Voice

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    Active vs. Passive Voice

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    Ernesto
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    Active Vs. passive Voice

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    21 views4 pages

    Active vs. Passive Voice

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    Ernesto

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    Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Nicaragua

    English Language Department

    Learning Guide
    Date: Nov 12th, 2022 Class: English Integrated VI Group: 4th B
    Time: 8:00-10:50 Room: 1514 Tutor: Prof. Katerin García
    Topic: Active and Passive Voice
    - Reading comprehension
    - Speaking activity
    Active voice
    As we’ve learned, in the active voice, the sentence’s subject performs the action. Here are two examples of
    sentences in the active voice:
    For example: Shira likes birdwatching.
    She loves twilight.
    No matter what verb you use, structuring your sentence so the subject performs the verb is writing in the
    active voice. The active voice has a direct, clear tone. Use it when you want the reader to focus on the
    subject of your sentence and the action it is doing rather than on the action’s target.
    Passive voice
    In the passive voice, the action’s target is the focus, and the verb acts upon the subject. Every sentence in the
    passive voice contains two verbs:
    A conjugated form of “to be”. The main verb’s past participle. Take a look at the previous examples, now
    written in passive voice:
    Ex: Birdwatching is liked by Shira.
    Twilight is loved by her.
    Notice how the targets of the action—also the direct objects of the sentences—are now the focus. The
    sentences now contain a conjugated form of “to be” (is) and the main verb’s past participle
    (liked and loved). Often, sentences in the passive voice are longer than sentences in the active voice simply
    because they have to include additional words like prepositions. Take a look at this sentence in the passive
    voice:
    Summer break is [conjugated form of “to be”] loved [past participle of the main verb] by [preposition] my
    friends. However, sentences written in the passive voice don’t necessarily need a preposition. Take a look at
    the example sentences below:
    The check was paid.
    He will be remembered.
    The Philippines is known for its marine biodiversity.
    The passive voice has a subtler tone than the active voice has. Sometimes your writing needs this tone, like
    when you want your reader to focus on the action being described or the action’s target rather than on who
    or what is performing the action. In certain kinds of writing, though, the passive voice is necessary. Think
    about how news reports about crime and incidents are usually written and delivered:
    A car was broken into on Elm Street last night.
    Cash was stolen from the register.
    In these kinds of reports, the passive voice is used to emphasize the action that occurred rather than the
    individual or group who committed the action, often because the perpetrator isn’t known or hasn’t yet been
    found guilty of the offense.

    Remember that in active forms the subject of the sentence is the person or thing that does the action. In

    passive constructions, the verb is performed by someone or something other than the subject; often, the

    action is done to the subject by someone else.

    Present Time
    ACTIVE VOICE PASSIVE VOICE

    Simple present am/is/are + past participle


    base form or “-s/-es” form
    EX: He reads a novel. EX: A novel is read.

    Present Progressive am/is/are + being + Past Participle


    am/is/are + -ing
    EX: A song is being sung by Esha
    EX: Esha is singing a song.
    Perfect present has/have+ been+ past participle + by
    has/have + past participle
    EX: An article has been written by Radhika
    EX: Radhika has written an article.
    Past Time
    Simple Past was/were + past participle
    base + -ed or irregular form
    EX: The floor was cleaned by Reema.
    EX: Reema cleaned the floor.
    Past Progressive was/were + being + past participle
    was/were + -ing
    EX: The wall was being painted by Nitika.
    EX: Nitika was painting the wall.
    Past Perfect had + been + past participle
    had + past participle
    EX: The floor had been cleaned by Misha.
    EX: Misha had cleaned the floor.
    Future Time
    Simple Future will + be + past participle
    will + base EX: The bag will be sewed by Kriya.
    or
    EX: Kriya will sew the bag. am/is/are + going to be + past participle
    EX: The case is going to be investigated by the
    or police.

    am/is/are going to + base

    EX: The police are going to investigate the case.

    Future Perfect will + have + been + past participle


    will + have + past participle EX: The toy will have been brought by them.
    EX: They will have brought the toy.
    Modal Verbs
    They can do it. It can be done.
    You could sell your car. Your car could be sold.
    He might fix the refrigerator. The refrigerator might be fixed.
    They may make a donation. A donation may be made.
    You must finish this today. This must be finished today.
    He has to send that email. That email has to be sent.
    They need to find that document. That document needs to be found.
    She should fix her writing. Her writing should be fixed.

    Modal Verbs be Past participle


    It can be done. It could have been done.
    Your car could be sold. Your car could have been sold.
    The refrigerator might be fixed. The refrigerator might have been fixed.
    A donation may be made. A donation may have been made.
    Her writing should be fixed. Her writing should have been fixed.

    Rewrite the sentences in the passive voice.


    ERNESTO BAYARDO ROMERO CANO

    1. They will read out the names of the winners in tomorrow's show.
    The names of the winners will be read out in tomorrow's show.

    2. The shop assistant offered a refund to the customer.


    A refund was offered to the customer.

    3. Look! someone has broken the vase.


    Look! The vase has been broken.

    4. The police are investigating the murder.


    The murder is being investigated by the police.

    5. Candidates must write their answers in ink.


    Answers must be written in ink by the candidates.
    6. The judge shouldn't have postponed the hearing.
    The hearing shouldn't have been postponed by the judge.

    7. They said that he was innocent.


    He was said to be innocent.

    8. They make all of the components in foreign factories.


    All of the components are made in foreign factories.

    9. I don't like people lying to me.


    I don't like being lied to.

    10.Picasso painted Guernica in 1937.


    Guernica was painted by Picasso in 1937.

    11.People have fought wars throughout history.


    Wars have been fought throughout history.

    12.They have often described New York as the busiest city in the world.
    New York has often been described as the busiest city in the world.

    13.Nobody has done the washing up.


    The washing up hasn't been done.

    14.They are demolishing the stadium so the team can't play any games there.
    The stadium is being demolished so games cannot be played here.

    15.The city authorities sold the land three years ago.


    The land was sold by the city authorities three years ago.

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