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Lesson 9 : Looping
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We can create a Visual Basic procedure that enables the program to run iteratively until specific
conditions are satisfied. This procedure is commonly referred to as looping. Looping is an
invaluable feature of Visual Basic as it simplifies repetitive tasks and enhances efficiency. There
are three kinds of loops in Visual Basic, the Do...Loop ,the For.......Next loop and the
While.....Wend Loop.
9.1 The Do Loop
The Do Loop statements have four different forms, as shown below:
a) b)
Do While condition Do
Block of one or more VB Block of one or more VB
statements statements
Loop Loop While condition
c) d)
Do Until condition Do
Block of one or more VB Block of one or more VB
statements statements
Loop Loop Until condition
Example 9.1
Do while counter <=1000
num.Text=counter
counter =counter+1
Loop
* The above example will keep on adding until counter > 1000
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The above example can be rewritten as
Do
counter=counter+1
Loop until counter>1000
9.2 Exiting the Loop
Sometime we need exit to exit a loop earlier when a certain condition is fulfilled. The keyword to
use is Exit Do. You can examine Example 9.2 for its usage.
Example 9.2
Dim sum, n as Integer
Private Sub Form_Activate()
List1.AddItem "n" & vbTab & "sum"
Do
n=n+1
sum=sum+n-resize
List1.AddItem n & vbTab & sum
If n=100 Then
Exit Do
End If
Loop
End Sub
Explanation
In the above example, we compute the summation of 1+2+3+4+……+100. In the design stage, you
need to insert a ListBox into the form for displaying the output, named List1. The program uses the
AddItem method to populate the ListBox. The statement List1.AddItem "n" & vbTab & "sum" will
display the headings in the ListBox, where it uses the vbTab function to create a space between the
headings n and sum.
9.3 The For....Next Loop
The For....Next Loop event procedure is written as follows:
For counter=startNumber to endNumber (Step increment)
One or more VB statements
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Next
Example 9.3 a Example 9.3 b
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Private Sub Command1_Click()
Dim counter As Integer Dim counter As Integer
For counter = 1 To 10 For counter = 1 To 1000 Step 10
List1.AddItem counter counter = counter + 1
Next Print counter
End Sub Next
End Sub
Example 9.3 c Example 9.3 d
For counter=1000 to 5 step -5 Private Sub Form_Activate( )
counter=counter-10 For n=1 to 10
If counter<50 then If n>6 then
Exit For Exit For
Else Else
Print "Keep Counting" Print n
End If Enf If
Next Next
End Sub
Sometimes the user might want to get out from the loop before the whole repetitive process is
executed, the command to use is Exit For. To exit a For….Next Loop, you can place the Exit For
statement within the loop; and it is normally used together with the If…..Then… statement. Its
usages is shown in Example 9.3 d.
9.4 Nested For...Next Loop
When you have a loop within a loop, then you have created a nested loop. You can actually have
as many loops as you want in a nested loop provided the loops are not the never-ending type. For
a nested loop that consists of two loops, the first cycle of the outer loop will be processed first,
then it will process the whole repetitive process of the inner loop, then the second cycle of the
outer loop will be processed and again the whole repetitive process of the inner loop will be
processed. The program will end when the whole cycle of the outer loop is processed.
The Structure of a nested loop is :
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For counter1=startNumber to endNumber (Step increment)
For counter2=startNumber to endNumber (Step increment)
One or more VB statements
Next counter2
Next counter1
Example 9.4
Private Sub Form_Activate ( )
For firstCounter= 1to 5
Print "Hello"
For secondCounter=1 to 4
Print "Welcome to the VB tutorial"
Next secondCounter
Next firstCounter
Print"Thank you"
End Sub
Figure 9.1
The output of the above program is shown in Figure 9.1. As the outer loop has five repetitions, it
will print the word “Hello” five times. Each time after it prints the word “Hello”, it will print four
lines of the “Welcome to the VB tutorial” sentences as the inner loop has four repetitions.
9.5 The While….Wend Loop
The structure of a While….Wend Loop is very similar to the Do Loop. it takes the following form:
While condition
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Statements
Wend
The above loop means that while the condition is not met, the loop will go on. The loop will end
when the condition is met. Let’s examine the program listed in example 9.4.
Example 9.5
Dim sum, n As Integer
Private Sub Form_Activate()
List1.AddItem "n" & vbTab & "sum"
While n <> 100
n = n + 1
Sum = Sum + n
List1.AddItem n & vbTab & Sum
Wend
End Sub
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Last update:03/29/2024 09:08:27
