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    Optative - Ayım, - Alım

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    fatoscetinkayaf
    The document discusses the optative case in Turkish grammar. It describes two forms of the subjunctive mood, -eyim and -elim, which express wishes and suggestions about future actions. Examples are provided of forming the subjunctive, negative subjunctive, and questions using the subjunctive.

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    Optative - Ayım, - Alım

    Uploaded by

    fatoscetinkayaf
    19 views3 pages
    The document discusses the optative case in Turkish grammar. It describes two forms of the subjunctive mood, -eyim and -elim, which express wishes and suggestions about future actions. Examples are provided of forming the subjunctive, negative subjunctive, and questions using the subjunctive.

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    Optative -ayım, -alım

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    The document discusses the optative case in Turkish grammar. It describes two forms of the subjunctive mood, -eyim and -elim, which express wishes and suggestions about future actions. Examples are provided of forming the subjunctive, negative subjunctive, and questions using the subjunctive.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    19 views3 pages

    Optative - Ayım, - Alım

    Uploaded by

    fatoscetinkayaf
    The document discusses the optative case in Turkish grammar. It describes two forms of the subjunctive mood, -eyim and -elim, which express wishes and suggestions about future actions. Examples are provided of forming the subjunctive, negative subjunctive, and questions using the subjunctive.

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    Optative Case in Turkish

    -elim, -eyim
    The subjunctive expresses wishes and desires, while most commonly used to make a suggestion about future action. There are two forms: -

    eyim and -elim. When covering the subjunctive, most grammar books present it alongside the imperative since they serve such similar roles in
    modern Turkish.

    The English equivalent to the Turkish subjunctive is roughly let: here, let me do that, let's go.

    yap-ayım let me do

    gid-elim let's go

    dinle-y-elim let's listen

    konuş-ma-y-alım let's not talk

    Forming the Subjunctive


    -eyim means let me do. Add it directly to the verb stem and harmonize it according to the e-type rules.

    Verb eyim Subjunctive English

    yapmak ayım yap-ayım let me do

    yardım etmek eyim yardım ed-eyim let me help

    vermek eyim ver-eyim let me give


    -elim means let us do. Just like -eyim we add it directly to the verb stem and use e-type vowel harmony.

    Verb elim Subjunctive English

    gitmek elim gid-elim let's go

    almak alım al-alım let's buy

    koşmak alım koş-alım let's run

    Vowel conflict. When the verb stem ends in a vowel (in either case), add a buffer y.

    Verb eyim/elim Subjunctive English

    uyumak alım uyuyalım let's sleep

    yemek eyim yiyeyim let me eat

    demek eyim diyeyim let me speak

    Negative. To form the negative subjunctive, add the negative suffix -me after the verbs stem and before the subjunctive suffix. Notice that this
    will always require a buffer y.

    Verb Negative Subjunctive English

    gitmek me gitmeyelim let's not go

    içmek me içmeyeyim let me not drink

    almak ma almayayım let me not buy

    Questions. To form a question, simply add the question article mi as a separate word after the subjunctive verb form. Think of subjunctive

    questions as English shall questions: shall we go? or shall I help?


    Verb Subjunctive Question English

    gitmek gidelim gidelim mi? shall we go?

    yardım etmek yardım edeyim yardım edeyim mi? shall I help?

    atmak atayım atayım mı? shall I throw?

    buluşmak buluşalım buluşalım mı? shall we meet up?

    Negative questions. To form a negative question, simply add the question article mi as a separate word after the negative subjunctive form.

    Verb Negative Subjunctive Question English

    gitmek git-me-y-eyim git-me-y-eyim mi? shall I not go?

    buluşmak buluş-ma-y-alım buluş-ma-y-alım mı? shall we not meet up

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