Lesson 2 - Midterm

At the end of this topic, you are expected to:
1. Identify the various elements,

techniques, and literary devices in poetry;
2. Determine specific forms and
conventions of poetry;
3. Use selected elements of poetry in
short exercises;
4. Explore innovative techniques in
writing poetry; and
5. Write a short poem applying the
various elements, techniques, and literary
devices.
Let's Guess
MEHET an underlying message of

what the poem wanted to
tell us.
ONTE The poet's attitude toward
the poem's speaker, reader,
and subject matter.
DOMO These emotions and

feelings help establish a
certain atmosphere.
MERET is a unit of rhythm in

poetry; the pattern of the
beats.
Every poem consists of a theme or an underlying
message of what the poem wanted to tell us.
•abundance/scarcity •faith
•abuse of power •fall from grace
•action vs. apathy •family
•beating the odds •fate
•beauty •fear
•coming of age •fear of failure
•corruption •freedom
•courage •friendship
The poet's attitude toward the poem's speaker,
reader, and subject matter, as interpreted by the
reader.
Serious
Humorous
Amused
Angry
Pessimistic
Nostalgic
Melancholic
Facetious
Joyful
PAGE 07
Poetry can evoke our emotions and feelings

when we read it out loud. These emotions and
feelings help establish a certain atmosphere or
mood.
• Realistic
• Optimistic
• Pessimistic
• Happy
• Inspired
an underlying The poet's our emotions and
message of attitude toward feelings when we
what the poem the poem's read it out loud.
wanted to tell speaker, reader,
all about you, the
us and subject reader.
matter
tone is all about the
author
The poem is about holding poem is sad,
on to dreams, and the somber, gloomy,
theme is similar. Don't let go solemn/serious
of your dreams.
The mood of the

poem is optimistic
in nature.
The poem is about holding poem is sad,
on to dreams, and the somber, gloomy,
theme is similar. Don't let go solemn/serious
of your dreams.
The mood of the

poem is optimistic
in nature.
PAGE 10
Based on the poem “Africa’s Plea,” answer the following

questions.
1. Who is the speaker (persona) in the poem? How
would you describe this persona?
2. What is the speaker’s tone? Which words reveal this
tone? Does the tone contribute to the mood of the
poem?
3. What is the theme (the central idea) of this poem?
Explain.
Rhyme
A rhyme is a tool utilizing repeating
patterns that bring rhythm or musicality
to poems. While rhyme is usually a
repeating sound at the end of a line in a
poem, rhythm is the pattern created by it.
Sound Pattern
(rhyme) (rhythm)
Alipatong lumapag (a) abbc

Sa lupa-nagkabitak, (b)
Sa kahoy nalaguyak (b)
Sa puso-naglagablab! (c)
• Tanaga
It is an indigenous type of
Filipino short poem that is
used traditionally in the
Tagalog language to impart
lessons and reminders of our
folks to young people. The
poetic art uses four (4) lines
(quatrain) with each line
having seven (7) syllables
only and has the rhyme
scheme AABB.
2. Dalit
Is an indigenous type of Filipino short poem that
consists of eight syllables in each line. There are four
lines in each stanza with a single rhyme (aaaa)
3. Diona is an
indigenous type of
Filipino short poem
that consists of seven
syllables in each line.
There are three lines in
each stanza with a
single rhyme (aaa).
Activity 2. Unleash the Filipino Writer
Within
a. From the subject matters indicated above,

write one tanaga.
b. Write a two-stanza dalit with the theme of
your choice. (Refer to a list of themes we
learned in previous lessons)
c. Write a diona based on the mood you
wanted to express! A diona is a traditional
hugot in three lines. Observe the correct
format.
A meter refers to the pattern formed by the
beats in a line of poetry. Each pattern is
called a foot. A foot is the basic unit of the
meter and usually consist of one stressed
syllable and one or two unstressed syllables,
although this is not always the case.
Three types of meter:
1. Accentual meter- counts the number of
stresses, but does not count the number of
syllables
2. Syllabic meter- a style frequently used in
early Filipino poetry, is the reversal of the
accentual-syllables are counted, but stresses are
varied.
3. Accentual-syllabic meter- a combination of
the two-both stresses and syllables are
measured and counted.
Meters in a tanaga poem:
Other Meters
• iamb – consists of an unstressed syllable followed
by a stressed syllable.
• pyrrhic –a foot with two unstressed syllables
• spondee – has two stressed syllables
• trochee – has a stressed syllable followed by an
unstressed syllable
• anapest – consists of two unstressed syllables
followed by a stressed syllable
• dactyl – consists of one stressed syllable followed
by two unstressed syllables
Each set of meter is called a foot. The name of the meter is based on this
pattern and the length of the line:
1 foot monometer
2 feet dimeter
3 feet Trimeter
4 feet Tetrameter
5 feet Pentameter
6 feet Hexameter
7 feet Heptameter
8 feet octameter
Sonnet 18
FREE VERSE
Free verse is also called vers libre, which is a French
word meaning “free verse.” It is a literary device that can
be defined as poetry that is free from limitations of regular
meter or rhythm, and does not rhyme with fixed forms.
Such poems are without rhythm and rhyme schemes, do
not follow regular rhyme scheme rules, yet still provide
artistic expression
- Still allows poets to use alliteration, rhyme, cadences,
and rhythms to get the effects that they consider are
suitable for the piece.

Lesson 2 - Midterm

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Lesson 2 - Midterm

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At the end of this topic, you are expected to:

1. Identify the various elements,

MEHET an underlying message of

DOMO These emotions and

MERET is a unit of rhythm in

Poetry can evoke our emotions and feelings

The mood of the

The mood of the

Based on the poem “Africa’s Plea,” answer the following

Alipatong lumapag (a) abbc

a. From the subject matters indicated above,

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