Site Development Planning & Landscaping: Design 4

Coursework 1: Research on Applications of Ecological Considerations in the

Natural and Built Environment of an Island Beach Resort

Ayon, Kassidy Ashley Jane

Galvez, Hazel Grace
Gosiaoco, Jillian Marie
BS-Architecture 3A

Submitted by:
Ar. Julianne Mae Rosalind De la Paz

February 2024
Background on island beach resorts

Island
An island is a land smaller than a continent and entirely surrounded by water. (Britannica,
2024) The Philippines is formed by 7,641 islands as of 2023. As an archipelago, Filipinos are
blessed with islands and beaches with astonishing sceneries. This resulted to beach resorts
and attractions anywhere in the country.

Tourists foreign or locals themselves have always found islands attractive places to visit. The
island's appeal to the tourists may relate to the feelings of remoteness or seclusion that one
can get on an island. Island tourism helps to relieve the pressure off the mainland and
businesses in the city. Activity oriented tourism is also becoming largely popular and islands
have tremendous potential to develop such tourism. (“Beach & Island,” 2022)

Beach
A beach is a narrow, gently sloping strip of land situated at the edge of an ocean or lake or
river.(National Geographic, 2024) With such breathtaking scenery that comes with beaches,
beach tourism spikes its popularity worldwide which introduces us to beach tourism. Beach
tourism refers to the practice of traveling to coastal areas or beach destinations for
recreational purposes, leisure activities, and relaxation. It involves visiting beaches, seaside
resorts, and coastal towns with the primary intention of enjoying the natural beauty of the
beach, engaging in water-related activities, and basking in the sun.

Beach Tourism is popular worldwide and attracts millions of tourists each year. It
encompasses various activities such as swimming, sunbathing, beachcombing, surfing,
snorkeling, scuba diving, sailing, fishing, beach volleyball, and other water sports. Many
beach destinations offer amenities such as beachside resorts, hotels, restaurants, bars,
shops, and entertainment options to cater to tourists' needs and provide a memorable
vacation experience. (Iqbal Uddin Abbasi, 2023)

Types of Beach Tourism

According to Iqbal Uddin Abbasi, there are various types of beach tourism that cater to
different preferences and interests. Here are some common types.
Leisure Tourism

This type of beach tourism revolves around relaxation, sunbathing, and enjoying the beach
environment. Tourists seek to unwind and rejuvenate, spending their time lounging on the
sand, swimming in the ocean, and soaking up the sun.

Adventure Tourism

Adventure beach tourism attracts thrill-seekers who are looking for exciting and
adrenaline-pumping activities. It includes water sports such as surfing, kiteboarding, jet
skiing, and parasailing. These activities provide an adventurous experience for those
seeking an active and dynamic beach vacation.

Ecotourism

Ecotourism beach destinations focus on the conservation and appreciation of natural

environments. Visitors engage in activities that promote environmental awareness and
sustainability. They may participate in snorkeling or diving to explore coral reefs, engage in
beach clean-up initiatives, or visit protected areas like marine reserves and wildlife habitats.

Wellness Tourism

Wellness beach tourism targets individuals seeking relaxation, rejuvenation, and holistic
well-being. These destinations often provide yoga classes, spa treatments, meditation
sessions, and wellness retreats by the beach. Visitors can indulge in activities that promote
mental and physical well-being, such as beach yoga, massage therapies, and holistic
healing practices.

Family Tourism

Family beach tourism caters to travelers with children. These destinations provide
family-friendly amenities and activities, including shallow swimming areas, playgrounds,
water parks, and kid-friendly entertainment. Family-oriented beach resorts often offer
childcare services and organize family-friendly events to create a memorable experience for
all family members.
Resort

Resort is a place designed to provide recreation, entertainment, and accommodation,

especially to vacationers. (Merriam-Webster, 2024) A resort is more than a hotel set on a
beach or hill. It must offer a wide range of facilities and qualify as a total development.
Resorts are of different types and are located in different characteristic areas of each
type-beach resorts, hill resorts, island resorts, ski resorts, etc.

The development of specialized resorts in the global context dates back to the 17th and 18th
centuries. Mineral water available at particular places and faith in its medicinal properties
seems to have been the primary reasons for the original patronage given to these resorts
which were known as Spa resorts. Gradually these places secured additional facilities for
pleasure and entertainment for the patients coming there for mineral water. In continental
Europe Spa treatment is valued even today and the great Spas of Baden-Baden in Germany
and Marianske Lazne (Marianbad) and Karlovy Vary (Carlslad) in Czechoslovakia are
thronged with patients.By the middle of the 18th century, attention began to be paid to the
possible curative effects of seawater and sea bathing and the seaside resort began to
appear as an alternative to the inland spa. Both the spas and the seaside resorts were
embryonic tourist destinations.

During the 19th century, resorts saw an expansion of accommodation. Rail travel brought
within reach the coastal resorts. Not until the latter half of the 19th century did the concept of
relaxation begin to appear. The medicinal properties of resorts influenced their development
in other ways. The treatment of tuberculosis was a principal factor in the creation of the
French Riviera resorts favored by the British. Later many sanatoriums were established in
Switzerland for treatment of tuberculosis. The factors that have led to changes in the
demand for traditional holiday accommodation, particularly increasing motorization, have
had an effect on demand for traditional resorts. The curative powers of mineral springs lost
some credibility in the mid 20th century and the traditional spa is either disappearing or
changing its nature. Improving mobility by car has turned resorts close to large centers of
population into dormitory suburbs. (“Beach & Island,” 2022)

Island Beach Resort

In International tourism, beach and island resorts have carved out a niche of their own.
Beach tourism and island tourism are two major segments of Island Beach Resorts and are
interlinked in some ways. Both have ample scope for water-borne recreation. Even today
with a greater diversification of holiday types and destinations and with many people
enjoying more than one major holiday per year away from home, the coast remains the main
recreational focus.(“Beach & Island,” 2022)

In the Philippines, home to more than 7,000 islands, the Philippines has no shortage of
beautiful and pristine beaches scattered across the country. This means that resorts and
hotels on the beach are also plentiful. For some people, they would rather spend their
money on trips and experiences rather than a place to sleep. But for others, a vacation is not
complete without staying at one of the best luxury beach resorts to spend your downtime in.
(Christine Rogador, 2024)

Relationship of Ecological Considerations of the Site to its Natural and Built

Environment

Site Planning
Sustainable site planning is an effective way to maximize the efficiency of land use in
building construction. Evaluation of Sustainable Area Design Criteria in Different Green
Building Rating Systems; Based on management of natural resources, environmental
conditions and natural environment. (O. J. Ediae et al, 2022)

1. Land Use. This is because cultivation involves connections between individuals and
communities that have important implications for economic and social well-being. To reduce
environmental impacts, ecologically sensitive areas should not be developed. Remediation
of previously inhabited or contaminated land should be encouraged through proper
assessment and cleanup. Following the principles of sustainable development, underground
construction aims to minimize environmental damage while saving energy, and reducing
demand for local traffic especially that the lot is to be used by tourists and locals.

2. Passive building design. Passive design uses natural elements to heat, cool and light
the building. Passive design is the most cost-effective and widely accepted technique for
reducing the heat load of the home. Passive solutions reduce or eliminate the need for
mechanical systems, energy consumption and CO2 emissions.
3. Integration to Immediate Environment. An open space is any undeveloped, publicly
accessible region free of buildings or other structures. In land-use planning, open space
includes parks, community gardens, public sitting areas, squares, and playgrounds. Closer
interaction with the environment and society is encouraged by open space, which also adds
to environmental quality.
4. Heritage Cultural. Cultural heritage offers a framework for understanding previous social,
cultural, and economic developments. Because cultural continuity and human history are
important factors in social cohesion and belonging, cultural heritage preservation is essential
for sustainable development. Protecting archaeological remains, historic buildings, and
monuments on-site helps maintain and preserve cultural heritage components in the
surrounding areas.

Building Function/Space Planning/Experiential

In the Philippine climate, heat and humidity are key factors, and effective management of
these factors is essential to designing comfortable and sustainable hotels and
accommodations. Hot spots in humid air can affect comfort, property longevity, and the
overall energy efficiency of your condo or hotel.

Passive design strategies can significantly reduce the impact of heat and humidity on indoor
thermal comfort if implemented. Structures designed to reduce exposure to sunlight,
especially on west and south sides, can reduce heat.

Another way is awnings, canopies, verandas and pergolas that can provide shade and
reduce direct sunlight. The correct choice of building materials affects the thermal life of
interior spaces. For example, lightweight fabrics can reflect heat, while reducing heat
transfer.

Ventilation is another important part of heat and humidity management. Apartment and hotel
design can optimize natural ventilation, reduce humidity and improve indoor air quality. For
example, Amanpulo Resort in Palawan uses high ceilings, large windows and open floor
plans to promote cross ventilation and keep spaces cool and airy. (Fulgar, 2023)

Aesthetics
Guest expectations are constantly changing, so hotels must create design concepts that can
stand the test of time and enhance the experience of each guest. The importance of first
impressions in architectural elements and descriptions is widely recognized. The entrance is
a prominent element that welcomes guests and sets the right tone for their entire stay from
the start of their experience.(Architecture, 2023)
Addressing these challenges led to the development of resort design principles in the
Philippines. These principles reflect a deep understanding of the local environment, culture
and potential hazards, combining traditional architectural standards with modern innovations.

This can be implemented with the use of vernacular architectural styles and locally produced
materials, reduces environmental impact, helps preserve local crafts and promotes cultural
authenticity. At the same time, the integration of modern design features such as passive
cooling techniques, water conservation systems and renewable energy sources ensure
energy efficiency and resistance to natural disasters. (Fulgar, 2023)

Technology & Materials

Coastal development includes construction directly on the beach or shore, dredging and
recharging coastal waters or constructing buildings, constructing transportation facilities
(ports, airports, roads/bridges) such as navigation channels and diversion basins,
breakwaters, full beaches, sidewalks and roads.

All these activities have a significant impact on the environment. In coastal areas,
development sites in visitor areas can cause erosion that can remove or alter the beach (e.g.
beach erosion), including sedimentation and sedimentation that can have negative impacts
on sensitive environments. Selection is important. As you can see from this chart, the impact
on the environment can be huge and eventually tourism will also decrease. (ZONING,
SITE-PLANNING & DESIGN, n.d.)

It can also be helped by incorporating vernacular design principles in modern Filipino homes
is essential for creating a sustainable and culturally relevant living space. Elements like the
elevated "silong" (area under the house), the "tukod" (roof support), and the "ventanilla"
(small windows) promote natural ventilation and flood protection, making them perfect for the
Philippine tropical climate.

Steeply pitched roofs are an effective solution for rapid drainage of water to prevent standing
water and possible leaks. The use of high-quality waterproof materials on roofs and facades
can also prevent water from entering. In addition, building green roofs can act as an
additional layer of insulation, reducing cooling costs and managing rainwater by absorbing
and filtering it. For example, L' Fisher Chalet in Bacolod City uses a green roof system that
reduces runoff and improves the thermal efficiency of the building. (Fulgar, 2023)
II. DATA COLLECTION, FINDINGS & DISCUSSION SITE SELECTION AND PLANNING

AESTHETICS
Aesthetic elements, such as landscaping, art installations, or architectural features,
contribute to the overall atmosphere of the resort. Designing spaces that showcase aesthetic
elements may involve strategic placement and consideration of sightlines.

NATURAL
Integrating natural elements, such as existing vegetation or topography, into the design may
require careful consideration of spatial relationships. Preserving natural features and
incorporating them into the resort's layout can enhance the overall guest experience.

CONFIGURATION
Configuring spaces to optimize views, privacy, and functionality is essential. For example,
the arrangement of guest rooms in clusters or bungalows may provide a sense of seclusion
and a connection to nature. (Zoning manual, 2024)

ORIENTATION
The appropriate zoning of a marine protected area is fundamental to all other management
strategies. Zoning is a mechanism for assigning overall management objectives and
priorities to different areas (zones) within the site or protected area. By assigning objectives
and priorities to these zones, planners are also defining what uses will and will not be
allowed. These parameters are usually based upon the characteristics of the natural and
cultural resource base, the protected area objectives and political considerations. (Zoning
manual, 2024)

CULTURAL
Consideration of cultural practices and preferences may influence spatial requirements. For
instance, if the local culture emphasizes communal gatherings or traditional ceremonies, the
resort design may need spaces that accommodate such activities.

LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
1. Register the business with the corresponding department or agency
2. Obtain a business permit
3. Register with the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR)
4. Registering with the SSS, PhilHealth, and Pag-IBIG Fund
5. Additional requirements:
Aside from the requirements mentioned above, there are also other special requirements
that businesses need. These requirements depend on the nature of the business and their
corresponding industry.

AESTHETICS
1. Color - Choose colors inspired by the surrounding environment—earth tones, ocean
blues, and lush greens. Use a palette that reflects the local flora and fauna, promoting
harmony with the natural landscape.

2. Principles of Design- Embrace simplicity in design to avoid visual clutter. Ensure cohesion
in architectural elements and landscaping for a unified and aesthetically pleasing resort.

3. Form - Integrate architectural forms with the natural surroundings. Use organic shapes
and structures that mimic the fluidity of the landscape, avoiding abrupt or intrusive forms.

4. Spatial Relationships- Design spaces that provide seamless transitions between indoor
and outdoor areas. Foster spatial relationships that allow guests to connect with nature and
enjoy panoramic views.

5. Experience- Create experiences that engage the senses—sight, sound, touch, and smell.
Incorporate elements like natural scents, sounds of the ocean, and textures that enhance the
overall sensory experience.

6. Finishes - Application Choose finishes made from sustainable materials. Prioritize

options with low environmental impact, and consider materials that age gracefully, promoting
longevity and reducing the need for frequent replacements.

7. Materials - Source materials locally to minimize transportation impacts. Choose

sustainable materials, such as reclaimed wood, bamboo, or recycled metals, that align with
eco-friendly principles.

8. User Preference - Personalized Eco-Friendly Choices - Offer guests choices in terms of

room aesthetics, amenities, and design elements. Incorporate eco-friendly options and
communicate the sustainability story behind design choices to align with user preferences.
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
Resort design principles are at the forefront of devising innovative solutions to address these
unique challenges, creating aesthetically pleasing, environmentally conscious, and culturally
sensitive spaces. (Architect in the Philippines into New Designs & Land Ventures, 2024)

COLOR
Earth tones like tan, taupe, dark brown, gray, and other neutral colors are also popular hotel
paint choices as these colors are sophisticated, modern, and relaxing and go great with
brighter accent colors that can easily change the feel of any room. (Major painting, 2023)

CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM
Utilization of:
● Biodegradable materials
● Conservative energy
● Green Insulation

MATERIALS SELECTION
Besides flooding, the corrosive nature of salt from the ocean is another concern with
coastal properties and can affect many exterior material selection decisions. Here are our
tips to consider when selecting these materials:

Choose materials that will tolerate exposure to salt air that are naturally resistant to harsh
weather such as decay-resistant woods, or composite materials that are designed to
withstand the coastal elements with little or no maintenance.

While metal is a durable, strong material, left exposed it becomes vulnerable to salt air.
Cedar and concrete are both great alternatives as they are both resilient and water resistant
while remaining aesthetically pleasing.

All exterior trim and siding should be non-wood composite materials such as fiberglass and
non-cellular PVC plastic which are more weather resistant.

Technology & Materials

1. Standards & Codes - Adhere to local building codes and standards, ensuring that the
resort meets safety and environmental regulations. Additionally, consider voluntary
certifications such as LEED (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design) to
demonstrate commitment to sustainability.
2. Utility Systems - Implement energy-efficient and water-conserving utility systems.
Integrate renewable energy sources, such as solar panels or wind turbines, to reduce
reliance on non-renewable resources. Explore smart grid technologies for efficient resource
management.

3. Innovations -Stay informed about innovative technologies in construction and hospitality.

Embrace advancements in energy-efficient HVAC systems, water recycling technologies,
and other sustainable innovations to enhance the resort's environmental performance.

4. Materials - Prioritize materials with low environmental impact. Choose sustainably sourced
wood, recycled metals, and other eco-friendly options. Consider the life cycle of materials,
from extraction to disposal, and opt for those with minimal ecological footprint.

1.b. Determine spatial requirements of an island beach resort, user needs, etc.*
a. Location and Environment
● free of noise
● Free from marine pollution.

b. Parking

c. Facilities And Room Accommodation

All single and double rooms shall have a floor area of not less than twenty-five (25 square
meters, inclusive of bathrooms.All single and double rooms shall have a floor area of not
less than twenty-five (25 square meters, inclusive of bathrooms. (Department of Tourism,
2014)

d. Public Washrooms
Bath and toilet — 1.20 square meters with at least dimension of 0.90 meters. (NBCP)

e. Sports and Recreational Facilities

● The resort shall offer at least four (4 sports and recreational facilities)
f. Conference/Convention Facilities
g. Employee Facilities
● Locker rooms
A good rule of thumb is to allow between 12 and 20% of your facility's total square
footage for locker room space. 10 to 20 square feet per projected user is the
standard for floor space, and you should have enough lockers to accommodate 20%
of your users if they're day use lockers. (Legacy Lockers, 2024)
● separate bathrooms for male and female employees
Powder room floor plans average around 20 sq ft (about 1.9 m2) but can range from
as tiny as 12 sq feet (1,1 m2) to about 30 sq feet (2.8 m2). Two common sizes are
rectangular rooms around 3 ft x 6 ft (. 9 m x 1.8 m) and square rooms about 5 ft x 5 ft
(1.5 m x 1.5 m). (RoomSketcher, 2024)

H. Public toilet and bathroom for male and female

Powder room floor plans average around 20 sq ft (about 1.9 m2) but can range from
as tiny as 12 sq feet (1,1 m2) to about 30 sq feet (2.8 m2). Two common sizes are
rectangular rooms around 3 ft x 6 ft (. 9 m x 1.8 m) and square rooms about 5 ft x 5 ft
(1.5 m x 1.5 m). (RoomSketcher, 2024)
I. Sports and Recreational Facilities
(Varies on the sport)
J. Conference/Convention Facilities
Square footage: Regular conference rooms typically occupy a floor area between
100 to 200 square feet, providing ample space for various seating arrangements and
equipment. Seating capacity: Depending on the layout, these rooms can comfortably
accommodate 6 to 12 individuals.
With an emphasis on the advantages and effects, the study attempts to investigate the
synergies between island beach resorts and architectural design solutions. With its 7,641
islands, the Philippines is well known for providing a beautiful setting for beach and island
tourism, which opens up possibilities for architectural interventions in resort construction.
This research explores the Department of Tourism's classification system for resorts,
focusing on Class "AAA," Class "AA," Class "A," and Special Interest Resorts. (Britannica,
2024; National Geographic, 2024; Iqbal Uddin Abbasi, 2023; Merriam-Webster, 2024;
Department of Tourism, 2014; Christine Rogador, 2024).

The tourism business is reliant on islands, beaches, and resorts, which draw millions of
tourists looking for adventure, relaxation, ecotourism, and family-friendly experiences. Beach
tourism includes a wide range of interests and pursuits, from leisure to heart-pounding
experiences. In addition to offering lodging and other amenities, resorts are essential to the
whole holiday experience. (Iqbal Uddin Abbasi, 2023; "Beach & Island," 2022)

III. CONCLUSION & RECOMMENDATION

The purpose of this study is to establish the relevance of island beach resorts to architectural
design solutions. The practical applications of the study to architectural design are
summarized as follows:

Conclusion:

● Site Selection & Planning/Development: The study highlights how crucial it is to

choose resort sites that are free of air, noise, and marine pollution.
● Building Plan & Form: The various resort classifications (Class "AAA," Class "AA,"
Class "A," and Special Interest Resorts) provide light on the various architectural
specifications needed for various resort kinds.
 ● Materials: Considering the environmental circumstances and the resort's
classification, recommendations call for the provision of sufficient and appropriate
building materials.
● Technology: To improve the entire visitor experience, the study promotes the use of
technology in resort planning, such as parking security measures.
● Utilities: Planning for utilities is emphasized, guaranteeing an adequate supply of
clean and well-maintained sports and leisure facilities as well as public restrooms.

(Department of Tourism, 2014)

Recommendations:

● Site selection and planning/development: In special interest resorts, consideration

should be given to elements like drainage, flood danger, and distance from possible
sources of nuisance.
● Building Plan & Form: Depending on their unique requirements and resort size,
special interest resorts can need a lounge and welcome counter that are moderately
furnished.
● Materials: With a focus on tropical adaptability, guidelines are given for the use of
materials in both stationary and mobile resort operations.
● Technology: In special interest resorts, it is recommended that male and female
visitors have access to clean, separate restrooms.
● Utilities: In the absence of chemical toilets in special interest destinations, the study
advises adhering to Philippine requirements for temporary sanitary latrines.
IV. APPLICATION

The application phase involves the practical implementation of the study's findings,
conclusions, and recommendations to an actual project:

● Site Analysis: Apply the study's recommendations to carry out a comprehensive site
analysis that takes into account user requirements, preferences, and the particular
specifications listed for the resort type of choice.
● Application of Findings: Consider aspects such as site selection, planning,
materials, technology, and utilities when incorporating the conclusions into the
architectural design of the project.
● Application of suggestions: Integrate the study's suggestions into the project to
guarantee adherence to classification guidelines and particular specifications for
every kind of resort.
● User-Centric Design: Adapt the architectural layout to the needs of the user,
whether that means emphasizing wellness, ecotourism, adventure, leisure, or
family-friendly activities.
● Continuous Evaluation: Evaluate the project's development on a regular basis in
light of the study's conclusions and suggestions, and make required revisions to
optimize the architectural design solutions.

(Iqbal Uddin Abbasi, 2023; Department of Tourism, 2014).