Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 16 views

    Thermal Expansion

    Uploaded by

    Kenneth Maima
    The document discusses thermal expansion and how temperature changes can cause materials to expand or contract. It explains linear, volumetric, and area expansion and how expansion is proportional to temperature change and material properties. Examples of thermal expansion in everyday objects like metal discs and strips are provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Thermal Expansion

    Uploaded by

    Kenneth Maima
    16 views17 pages
    The document discusses thermal expansion and how temperature changes can cause materials to expand or contract. It explains linear, volumetric, and area expansion and how expansion is proportional to temperature change and material properties. Examples of thermal expansion in everyday objects like metal discs and strips are provided.

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses thermal expansion and how temperature changes can cause materials to expand or contract. It explains linear, volumetric, and area expansion and how expansion is proportional to temperature change and material properties. Examples of thermal expansion in everyday objects like metal discs and strips are provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16 views17 pages

    Thermal Expansion

    Uploaded by

    Kenneth Maima
    The document discusses thermal expansion and how temperature changes can cause materials to expand or contract. It explains linear, volumetric, and area expansion and how expansion is proportional to temperature change and material properties. Examples of thermal expansion in everyday objects like metal discs and strips are provided.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 17

    Lesson 3

    Thermal expansion and


    contraction
    Lesson Objective

    1. Describe the atomic and molecular explanations for thermal


    expansion, including increased kinetic energy.

    2. Compare and contrast different types of thermal expansion:


    Discuss and contrast linear expansion, volumetric expansion,
    and Area expansion.gy and vibrations.
    3.Compare and contrast different types of thermal expansion:
    Discuss and contrast linear expansion, volumetric expansion, and
    thermal conductivity.
    What is Thermal Expansion?
    Thermal Expansion is the general increase in the volume of material as
    its temperature is increased. It caused by the vibration and movement
    of molecules that create more distance between themselves. The thermal
    expansion can be described as the fractional change in length, area
    and/or volume per unit change in temperature.
    Question
    How does a change in
    temperature affect the
    dimensions of a system?
    Linear expansion
    Most materials expand when their temperatures
    increase.

    The increase in length is found to be proportional


    to the temperature increase, and to the length of
    L =  Lo T
    the object:

    Where 𝛼 is called the coefficient of linear expansion which is


    unique number for different materials where its unit is per degree
    Celsius (°C)-1, 𝐿0 is the original length of the object, ΔT is the
    change in temperature.
    Linear expansion
    • α is the coefficient of linear expansion.
    Units: K–1, °C–1
    Question
    A metal disc with a hole in it is heated.

    Will the diameter of the hole


    (a) increase,
    (b) decrease or
    (c) not change?
    Volume expansion
    Similarly, an increase in temperature causes an
    increase in volume for both solids and liquids.

    Lo Vo

    L

    L
    L =  Lo T V =  V0 T
    Show that 𝛽 = 3𝛼
    Question
    You have enough money to buy 10 L of petrol.
    When should you buy it?

    (a) 2 pm
    (b) 2 am
    Question
    When a bimetallic strip is heated and cooled, it
    behaves as in the following diagram. Which
    substance has the larger coefficient of
    expansion?
    (a) A
    (b) B
    Derivation
    Coefficient of Thermal Expansion
    Problem
    A surveyor uses a steel measuring tape that is
    exactly 50.000 m at a temperature of 20 °C.
    a) What is the length on a hot summer day when
    the temperature is 35 °C? (αsteel = 1.2×10–5 K–1)
    b) On this day, when the tape reads 35.794 m,
    what is the true distance?
    Problem
    A petrol tanker loads 40,000 L of fuel in Darwin
    and drives it to Sydney, where the temperature is
    25° lower. How many litres of petrol does he
    deliver?
    βpetrol = 9.5×10–4 K–1 and αsteel = 1.2×10–5 K–1
    Activities
    1. Refer to activity 4 and 5 on your handout.

    2. Refer to 12.2 Activity 1B. Questions 1 to 5. Pg 29. Save Buk.

    You might also like