Computer Integrated Manufacturing

Computer Integrated
Manufacturing
Definition
The Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME)
defined CIM as
• ‘CIM is the integration of the total
manufacturing enterprise through the use of
integrated systems and data communications
coupled with new managerial philosophies
that improve organisational and personal
efficiency’.
CIM wheel
6 defined areas
• customer
• organisational structure of the
enterprise-people, training, motivation and
cooperation in teamwork.
• shared knowledge of the enterprise-databases
and archival knowledge and experience
CIM wheel..contd.
• systems in total enterprise- product and process,
manufacturing and customer support.
• Resources and responsibilities- people, materials,
tools, information, technology and suppliers.
• manufacturing infrastructure- customers and their
needs, suppliers, distributors, prospective
workers, natural resources, financial markets,
educational and research institutions and
competitors.
There should be a tight integration between all the

segments as shown to achieve the benefits of CIM.
DEVELOPMENT OF CIM
• CIM is an integration process leading to the
integration of the manufacturing enterprise.
• Different levels of this integration exists within
an industry.
• Process usually starts with the need to
interchange information between some of the
so called islands of automation.
Levels of Integration Against Evolution of CIM
DEVELOPMENT OF CIM..contd.
• Flexible manufacturing cells, automatic storage
and retrieval systems, CAD/CAM based design etc.
are the examples of islands of automation
• This involves data exchange among computers, NC
machines, robots, gantry systems etc.
• Therefore the integration process has started
bottom up.
• The interconnection of physical systems was the
first requirement to be recognized and fulfilled.
• The next level of integration, application
integration
• The applications include CIM hardware and
software.
• Application integration involves supply and
retrieval of information, communication between
application users and with the system itself.
• Thus the application integration level imposes
constraints on the physical integration level.
• There has to be control of the applications
themselves also.
• The highest level of integration is business
integration
• Includes management and operational
processes of an enterprise.
• The management process provides
supervisory control of the operational process
which in turn co-ordinates the day-to-day
execution of the activities at the application
level.
• The business integration level therefore places
constraints on the application level.
Product Development Through CIM
Variation of the Sales Volume Vs Life of a Product
Product Development Cycle
Product Development Spiral
Across the Wall Approach in
Sequential Engineering
Concurrent Engineering
• methodology of restructuring the product
development activity in a manufacturing
organization using a cross functional team
approach
• technique adopted to improve the efficiency
of product design and reduce the product
development cycle time.
• also referred to as Simultaneous Engineering
or Parallel Engineering.
Concurrent Engineering
• gives marketing and other groups the
opportunity to review the design during the
modeling, prototyping and soft tooling phases
of development.
• CAD systems especially 3D modelers can play
an important role in early product
development phases.
• They offer a visual check when design changes
cost the least.
Distribution of Design Changes Across
the Life Cycle of a Product
Cost of Design Change
HOLISTIC APPROACH TO PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT
• No longer is product development considered
the exclusive activity of the design
department.
• Participation of planning, manufacturing,
quality, service, vendor development and
marketing personnel in the development
process
• This results in better communication among
the various departments.

Computer Integrated Manufacturing

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There should be a tight integration between all the

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