2023 Unit 2 Paper 2
2023 Unit 2 Paper 2
2023 Unit 2 Paper 2
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19 MAY 2023 (a.m.)
TEST CODE 0 2 2 2 0 0 2 0
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TEST CODE 02220020
FORM TP 2023240 MAY/JUNE 2023
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
UNIT 2 – Paper 02
2 hours 30 minutes
5. If you need to rewrite any answer and there is not enough space to do
so on the original page, you must use the extra lined page(s) provided
at the back of this booklet. Remember to draw a line through your
original answer.
6. If you use the extra page(s), you MUST write the question number
clearly in the box provided at the top of the extra page(s) and, where
relevant, include the question part beside the answer.
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MODULE 1
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[2 marks]
(ii) Name TWO features of sustainable agriculture that can be addressed by practising
agroforestry.
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[2 marks]
(iii) For EACH feature named in (a) (ii), explain how it is addressed by the practice of
agroforestry.
Feature 1
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Feature 2
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[4 marks]
GO ON TO THE NEXT PAGE
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[1 mark]
(c) Figure 1 is a graph showing data on the value of a variety of farm characteristics for two
farms in a Caribbean country, Farm X and Farm Y. Study Figure 1 carefully and answer
the questions that follow.
(i) Determine the difference between the values for input of machinery at Farms
X and Y.
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[3 marks]
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(ii) One farm produces sugar cane in the traditional manner and the other farm
produces coffee. State which farm, X or Y, is MOST likely the coffee producing
farm. Use the data from Figure 1 on page 5 to explain your choice.
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[5 marks]
(d) Explain ONE difference between the role of Farm X and Farm Y in the economy of the
Caribbean country.
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[3 marks]
Total 20 marks
2. (a) Two farmers in a village in a Caribbean country are neighbours. One farmer rears pigs
while the other grows short-term market vegetables (cash crops). The pig farmer washes
down his pens weekly and this wash water runs into a small stream that passes through
both farms.
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[6 marks]
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(b) The two farmers decide to work together to improve the enironmental sustainability of
their farms. Figure 2 is a flow diagram showing the relationship between the waste
streams on the two farms.
(i) Give ONE example of each type of waste labelled I and II in Figure 2.
I. ..........................................................................................................................
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II. ..........................................................................................................................
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[2 marks]
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[1 mark]
(c) (i) One of the farmer’s children is doing an Environmental Science SBA on the
effectiveness of the process illustrated in Figure 2 on page 8. Plan and design a
study to assess how successful the process outlined in Figure 2 is at improving the
quality of the water in the streams.
Hypothesis ............................................................................................................
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[1 mark]
Methodology ........................................................................................................
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[3 marks]
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[1 mark]
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(ii) Explain how the sustainable agriculture system described in Figure 2 on page 8
may serve to mitigate the threat posed by the importation of cheap agricultural
products.
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[6 marks]
Total 20 marks
MODULE 2
3. (a) List the THREE stages in the process of supplying electrical power/electricity from a
conventional power plant.
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[3 marks]
(b) (i) Explain how the extraction of oil and natural gas may result in habitat destruction.
In your response, state ONE way in which this process impacts the ecosystem.
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[3 marks]
(ii) Explain how the extraction of bauxite OR coal may impact the health of
individuals.
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[3 marks]
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(c) The data in Table 1 represents the projected quantities of various energy sources to be
utilized by a Caribbean country in 2030. The estimated peak load is 115 MW.
(i) In the space below, sketch a pie chart to represent the data in Table 1.
[5 marks]
(ii) Determine, by calculation, which type of energy accounts for 13.78% of the
projected fuel mix of the Caribbean country and state ONE characteristic of this
type of energy.
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[2 marks]
(iii) A spokesperson for the government of the Caribbean country indicated that one of
the issues that may arise from using the type of energy identified in (c) (ii) is the
potential environmental costs. Explain TWO environmental impacts associated
with the use of this type of energy.
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[4 marks]
Total 20 marks
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4. (a) Define EACH of the following terms.
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[1 mark]
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(i) Kinetic
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[1 mark]
(ii) Potential
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[1 mark]
(i) Identify the sector which accounts for 22% of the total power consumption in the
total Caribbean region.
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[1 mark]
(ii) The tourism dependent sector consumes a total of 1119 MW. Calculate the
number of megawatts consumed by residential users in the tourism dependent
sector.
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[2 marks]
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(iii) Figure 3 on page 15 shows that for commodity exporters, industry is the highest
energy user. Outline ONE reason for this observation.
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[2 marks]
(d) Outline ONE importance of energy to EACH of the following sectors in the Caribbean.
(i) Tourism
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[2 marks]
(ii) Education
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[2 marks]
(e) (i) Explain THREE features which may be used to make a building more energy
efficient.
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[6 marks]
(ii) Suggest ONE factor which may influence persons constructing a new building to
incorporate energy efficient features.
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[1 mark]
Total 20 marks
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MODULE 3
5. (a) Women who are pregnant or considering becoming pregnant are often advised to avoid
eating top predatory fish to minimize their exposure to heavy metals like mercury.
Suggest the name of ONE species of fish that a pregnant woman should avoid eating.
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[1 mark]
(i) Biomagnification
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[2 marks]
(ii) Receptor
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[1 mark]
(c) Explain how biomagnification can result in a top predatory fish having a high concentration
of mercury in its tissues.
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[4 marks]
(d) A school’s SBA project is to study the water in the area described in Figure 4, which
illustrates the emission of effluent from two factories into two bodies of water. Table 2
provides information about the factories’ effluent, the lakes’ physical characteristics and
their water quality. Study carefully Figure 4 and Table 2 on page 20 and answer the
questions that follow.
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TABLE 2: INFORMATION ABOUT FACTORY A AND FACTORY B,
WATER BODIES AND THE WATER QUALITY IN THE WATER BODIES
Factory A Factory B
Volume of effluent (L/day) 1358 340
Concentration of copper in effluent (mg/L) 12 12
(i) A fellow student is surprised that the concentration of copper is so much higher
in Bolcona Pond than in Tortoise Lake. Explain why the concentration of copper
is so much higher in Bolcona Pond.
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[4 marks]
(ii) On the grid provided on page 21, construct a bar graph to illustrate the
concentration of copper in Tortoise Lake and Bolcona Pond. Include the water
pollution standard for copper in your graph and a suitable title. [5 marks]
(iii) Suggest ONE measure that Factory B can implement to prevent the problem of
the high copper concentration in Bolcona Pond.
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[1 mark]
Title .............................................................................................................................................
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(e) Name ONE international convention and outline why it is suitable for addressing the
problem identified regarding Bolcona Pond and Tortoise Lake.
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[2 marks]
Total 20 marks
6. (a) (i) In the dry season, many Caribbean countries experience bush fires.
State TWO pollutants other than carbon dioxide that may be formed during a
bush fire.
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[2 marks]
(ii) “Pollutants formed during a bush fire do not impact the air only. They impact
vegetation, water bodies or even buildings.”
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[3 marks]
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(b) An Environmental Science student says that carbon dioxide is not a pollutant because it
is not toxic. You disagree and believe it is a pollutant because it has negative impacts on
the environment.
(i) State ONE negative impact that carbon dioxide has on the environment.
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[1 mark]
(ii) In the space below, draw a fully labelled and annotated diagram to explain how
the negative impact of carbon dioxide named in (b) (i) occurs.
[7 marks]
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(c) A survey was conducted to determine the importance that citizens of a Caribbean country
place on several underlying causes of pollution (I–VI). Figure 5 shows the results of the
survey. Study Figure 5 carefully and answer the questions that follow.
(i) Determine the total number of responses obtained for the survey question on
the importance of personal lifestyle and consumption patterns. Show all your
working.
[4 marks]
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[1 mark]
(iii) Explain how the underlying cause of environmental pollution identified in (c) (ii)
causes pollution.
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[2 marks]
Total 20 marks
END OF TEST
IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED, CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS TEST.
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Question No.
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Question No.
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CANDIDATE’S RECEIPT
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TEST CODE 0 2 2 2 0 0 2 0
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