CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM

Background of the Study

Alcohol is part of life for most Filipino teenager as well as for many University

students and High School student for them, it played an important role in the social world. To an

extent, a decision not to engage in this normative activity could lead to exclusion from the

boarder youth scene. Most of the people who consume alcohol are teenagers or in the early

adolescent stage The inhabitation of student alcoholism is not new to most of the Senior High

School students in the Philippines. Alcoholism is a growing concern in the culture of social life of

this country. Alongside with this case are lots of jeopardies, consequences, risks, and violations

that occurs which seriously needs the deep concern of the parents, different health

organizations, law enforcing officers, and the government, etc. This research determines the

impact of alcoholism on student’s academic performance in ACLC College of iriga. Alcohol and

we are referring here to beverage alcohol, also known as ethanol or ethyl alcohol is a substance

that acts on the central nervous system. Therefore, the site of action of alcohol in the body is the

brain. It depresses the activity of certain functions of the brain. As such, alcohol is classified as a

central nervous system depressant .Comparing young people today with previous generations
reveals that there has been little change in the proportion who consume alcohol or in the

average volume consumed by youngsters (Department of Health, 2005) Smith and Folcroft) In

fact, young people brain keep developing well in their is Alcohol can alter this development,

potentially affecting both brain structure and function. This may cause cognitive or learning

problems and or make the brain more prone to alcohol dependence. This is especially a risk

when people start drinking young and drinking heavily. Eva Cyhlarova says that over time, heavy

drinking interferes the neurotransmitters in the brain that are needed for good mental health. So

while alcohol may help deal with stress in the short term, in the long run it can contribute to

feeling of depression and anxiety and makes stress harder to deal with People who drink heavily

are more likely to suffer from health problems. The Senior high academic state of performance in

which the focus is in cognitive aspects somewhat degrading as what we’ve heard people saying

something about it. Would it be that student’s alcoholism has a great contribution to the status

of the Senior high school academic performance. In this case, alcoholism plays a great role in the

lives of the students who engage in alcoholic activities. Students drinking poses a range of risks

and negative consequences and our main concern is the impact that it brings to their academic

performance .Along many issues regarding Senior high school student’s alcoholism, we aim to

determine its effects on their academic performances. We aim to see the differences of our

respondents grades before and during they engage in alcohol use. We sought and strive to

investigate this situation for us to formulate better understandings because it would lead us to

formulate various. Alcohol use is a widely discussed topic, but a vast body of research has

documented the relationship between alcohol consumption and interpersonal violence. More

than any illegal drug, alcohol was found to be closely associated with violent crimes, including

murder, rape, assault, child and spousal abuse. Convicted offenders under the jurisdiction of

corrections agencies in 1996 have been drinking at the time of the offense. (Greenfeld, 1998).
Arnarson (2017) believed that aside from alcohol involvement in crime, drinking too much

alcohol can take a serious toll on health. That is mainly because alcohol is metabolized by the

liver and frequent consumption can lead to increased fat inside liver cells. Heavy drinking can

also increase the risk of certain types of cancer, especially mouth and throat. Lastly chronic

alcohol abuse can impair brain function permanently and will have detrimental effects on the

body that most likely fall to death. The researchers were drawn to this topic because they are

determined to help their fellow teenagers and underage students in understanding alcohol

consumption for it is known that alcohol have many effects not just in the body, but also the

social, and in the academic life of the user. Underage drinking is prevailing in many schools this

will help the school, parents, and policy- makers to be more involve in raising this awareness and

will sooner reduce such cases. The effect of alcohol varies between individuals and depends on

the amount consumed and the type of alcoholic beverages the user will intake. Historically,

moderate consumption of alcohol has been linked to health benefits. It has been produced and

consumed by humans for thousands of years and have played unimportant role in our health;

supplying nutrition and energy; providing medicinal, antiseptic, and analgesic benefits;

quenching thirst; facilitating relaxation; promoting conviviality and social cohesion; increasing

the pleasure of eating; providing pharmacological pleasure; and generally enhancing the quality

and pleasures of life. (Hanson, 2013) However, in Notre Dame of Marbel University (NDMU),

there are several conflicting ideas. Among teenagers today, there are a large variety of positions

towards drinking alcohol. Misperceptions exist among students regarding the amount of alcohol

that is consumed on university campuses. In anonymous studies, in nationwide surveys during

1998 and 1999, students grossly overestimated the average amount of alcohol their peer group

reported consuming and the number of people who drank heavily (Perkins et. al,1999). Applying

the idea that the perceived extent of alcohol use among peers ultimately influences student
 decisions regarding his or her own alcohol consumption, preventative programs on campus are

aimed at educating students about reported alcohol consumption norms.

Statement of the problem

This study aims to answer the effects of alcohol consumption on the academic

performance of the Grade 12 Senior high school student in ACLC College of Iriga

Specifically, this study seeks to answer the following questions:

1. 1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of?

a. Age

b. Gender

c. Strand

2. What are the potential underlying factors contributing to alcohol addiction among grade 12

students at ACLC College of Iriga?

3. What are the immediate and long- term consequences of alcohol addiction on the academic

achievements and overall well-being of these students?

4. What is the prevalence of alcohol consumption among grade 12 students, and how has it

changed over time?

5. Are there any significant gender or regional variations in alcohol use and its effects among grade

12 students at ACLC college of iriga?

Hypothesis and assumptions

The presence of alcohol addiction among grade 12 students at ACLC College of Iriga is significantly

associated with lower academic performance, as measured by grades, attendance records, and self-
 reported concentration levels. This relationship is expected to be negative, indicating that higher

levels of alcohol addiction will be correlated with poorer academic outcomes.

students with alcohol addiction often self-report lower levels of concentration and focus compared to

their peers who do not have alcohol addiction issues. Alcohol can impair cognitive function, including

concentration and attention, which can have a significant impact on academic performance and daily

life. It's important for individuals facing alcohol addiction to seek help and support to address these

challenges. Determining the specific factors contributing to alcohol addiction among grade 12 students

at ACLC College of Iriga would require a comprehensive assessment, as individual experiences and

circumstances vary. To address alcohol addiction among grade 12 students, it's essential to conduct

assessments, provide support, and offer educational programs that address these potential contributing

factors. A multidisciplinary approach involving counselors, educators, and healthcare professionals can

be effective in prevention and intervention efforts. with alcohol addiction often experience decreased

academic performance due to impaired cognitive function, missed classes, and difficulty concentrating.

It's not uncommon to find gender differences in alcohol use patterns among students. In many cases,

males may have higher rates of alcohol consumption compared to females. However, these patterns can

vary, and some studies have shown an increase in alcohol use among females in recent years.

Scope and delimitation

This study is only conducted to the grade 12 students of aclc college of iriga and was conducted

inside the campus of aclc. The focus of the study is to find out perception of grade 12 students in

drinking alcohol

Definition of term
Alcohol addiction: refers to chronic and compulsive dependence on alcohol consumption, characterized

by the inability to control or stop drinking despite negative consequences. ACADEMIC performance:

refers to the level of achievement of success in educational activities, such as grades, test score, and

overall academic progress. Effect : in the context of this study, the effect refers to the impact or influence

that the alcohol addiction has on the academic performance of grade 12 students. Grade 12 Student:

refers to students who are in their final year of secondary education, typically around 17 or 18, before

they transition to higher education

Significance of the study

Teachers

It will serve an information for teachers to spread awareness to the students to whom may be at

risk for alcoholism. Educators can work together to educate students about the appropriate

consumption of alcoholic beverages.

Students

It is crucial that students are aware of how alcohol use affects their ability to study

because excessive alcohol consumption may have unfavorable impact, focus issues

can seriously hinder your capacity to perform well in school activities and complete other

critical tasks

Parents

This study will provide parents and others with information about the effects of

alcohol consumption, because parents can play a significant role in assisting their children in

developing a healthy attitude toward drinking and minimizing their risk of underage drinking.
Community

For the community to spread awareness through gatherings of the parents of students who

drink and those who have a high possibility of drinking alcohol, as well to inform them that

young people are now involved in alcoholism and need the community’s support.

To the upcoming researchers

They would benefit from this study if they were to perform a similar investigation since it would

give them the chance to learn new information and build on what they already know

Conceptual framework

Table showing the relationship between alcoholism and how it affects to academical performance

in senior high school of ACLC college of iriga

INDEPENDENT VARIABLES DEPENDENT VARIABLES

Alcoholism performance

Attendance
Indiscipline
Academic performance
Syllabus coverage
grades
drunkard Ness
Theoretical framework

This theoretical exploration seeks to shed light on the multifaceted effects of alcohol addiction

on grade 12 students at ACLC Iriga. By delving into the underlying causes, consequences, and

potential interventions, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of the issue. Through

this research, we aspire to contribute valuable insights that can inform policy changes and

support mechanisms within the educational institution, ultimately fostering a healthier and more

conducive environment for these students to thrive.

The theoretical framework I provided is about understanding the effects of alcohol addiction in grade 12

students. 1. Biopsychosocial Model: This theory suggests that alcohol addiction's impact on grade 12

students should be understood by considering biological (e.g., brain development), psychological (e.g.,

emotional and cognitive factors), and social (e.g., peer influence) aspects. 2. Social Learning Theory: This

theory posits that adolescents learn behaviors, including alcohol use, from observing and imitating

others. It's relevant because it explains how grade 12 students might pick up alcohol-related behaviors

from their social environment. 3. Adolescent Brain Development: Understanding the developmental

changes in the adolescent brain is crucial as it can shed light on how alcohol affects cognitive functions

and decision-making in grade 12 students. 4. Alcohol's Impact on Brain and Behavior: This theory delves

into how alcohol affects the brain and behavior, particularly in young individuals. It's relevant to

understand the neurological consequences of alcohol use in grade 12 students. 5. Peer Influence and

Social Norms: Peer pressure and the influence of social norms play a significant role in the alcohol
consumption patterns of adolescents, including grade 12 students. 6. Resilience and Protective Factors:

This theory explores factors that can protect grade 12 students from developing alcohol addiction,

emphasizing the importance of resilience and positive influences. 7. Intervention and Prevention

Strategies: It's essential to consider theories on effective intervention and prevention strategies when

addressing alcohol addiction in grade 12 students. This theory focuses on how to change the culture of

drinking in educational settings.

Theoretical Framework:

1. Biopsychosocial Model:

2. Reference: Engel, G. L. (1977). The need for a new medical model: A challenge for

biomedicine. Science, 196(4286), 129-136.

3. 2. Social Learning Theory

4. : Reference: Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice

Hall.

5. 3. Adolescent Brain Development:

6. Reference: Giedd, J. N. (2008). The teen brain: Insights from neuroimaging. Journal of

Adolescent Health, 42(4), 335-343.

7. 4. Alcohol's Impact on Brain and Behavior:

8. Reference: Crews, F. T., & Boettiger, C. A. (2009). Impulsivity, frontal lobes and risk for

addiction. Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior, 93(3), 237-247.

9. 5. Peer Influence and Social Norms:

10. Reference: Perkins, H. W. (2002). Social norms and the prevention of alcohol misuse in

collegiate contexts. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Supplement, 14(s14), 164-172.

11. 6. Resilience and Protective Factors:

psychopathology: Contributions of the Project Competence Longitudinal Study.

Development and Psychopathology, 24(2), 345-361.

13. 7. Intervention and Prevention Strategies:

14. Reference: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2002). A call to

action: Changing the culture of drinking at U.S. colleges. Bethesda, MD: NIAAA.

Members:

Melvin Loquias Jr

Melchor Colarina

John mark Senaon

Mereysa Malazarte

Alexa Catangui