The Way of Initiation
The Way of Initiation
The Way of Initiation
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*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE WAY OF INITIATION ***
"WAY OF INITIATION"
By
RUDOLF STEINER, Ph.D.
CONTENTS
A FOREWORD
I. THE ASTRAL CENTERS (CHAKRAS)
II. THE CONSTITUTION OF THE ETHERIC BODY
III. DREAM LIFE
IV. THE THREE STATES OF CONSCIOUSNESS
V. THE DISSOCIATION OF HUMAN PERSONALITY DURING
INITIATION
VI. THE FIRST GUARDIAN OF THE THRESHOLD
VII. THE SECOND GUARDIAN OF THE THRESHOLD
SELECTED LIST OF OCCULT WORKS
THE
WAY OF INITIATION
OR
BY
CONTENTS.
PAGE
The Personality of Rudolf Steiner and His Development 7
I. The Superphysical World and Its Gnosis 33
II. How to Attain Knowledge of the Higher Worlds 50
III. The Path of Discipleship 65
IV. Probation 81
V. Enlightenment 93
VI. Initiation 117
VII. The Higher Education of the Soul 135
VIII. The Conditions of Discipleship 149
List of Occult and Kindred Books 165
TRANSLATOR'S NOTE.
Being deeply interested in Dr. Steiner's work and teachings, and desirous of
sharing with my English-speaking friends the many invaluable glimpses of Truth
which are to be found therein, I decided upon the translation of the present
volume. It is due to the kind co-operation of several friends who prefer to be
anonymous that this task has been accomplished, and I wish to express my
hearty thanks for the literary assistance rendered by them—also to thank Dr.
Peipers of Munich for permission to reproduce his excellent photograph of the
author.
The special value of this volume consists, I think, in the fact that no advice is
given and no statement made which is not based on the personal experience of
the author, who is, in the truest sense, both a mystic and an occultist.
If the present volume should meet with a reception justifying a further venture,
we propose translating and issuing during the coming year a further series of
articles by Dr. Steiner in continuation of the same subject, and a third volume
will consist of the articles now appearing in the pages of The Theosophist,
entitled "The Education of Children."
MAX GYSI.
PUBLISHER'S NOTE.
While the pleasant German vernacular is still discernable in the text of this work,
we wish to state that it has been Americanized in spelling, phraseology, and
definition, to make plainer to the Western mind the wonderful truths experienced
by its distinguished author.
Decoration
THE PERSONALITY OF RUDOLF STEINER AND HIS
DEVELOPMENT
BY EDOUARD SCHURÉ[1]
Many of even the most cultivated men of our time have a very mistaken idea of
what is a true mystic and a true occultist. They know these two forms of human
mentality only by their imperfect or degenerate types, of which recent times
have afforded but too many examples. To the intellectual man of the day, the
mystic is a kind of fool and visionary who takes his fancies for facts; the
occultist is a dreamer or a charlatan who abuses public credulity in order to boast
of an imaginary science and of pretended powers. Be it remarked, to begin with,
that this definition of mysticism, though deserved by some, would be as unjust
as erroneous if one sought to apply it to such personalities as Joachim del Fiore
of the thirteenth century, Jacob Boehme of the sixteenth, or St. Martin, who is
called "the unknown philosopher," of the eighteenth century. No less unjust and
false would be the current definition of the occultist if one saw in it the slightest
connection with such earnest seekers as Paracelsus, Mesmer, or Fabre d'Olivet in
the past, as William Crookes, de Rochat, or Camille Flammarion in the present.
Think what we may of these bold investigators, it is undeniable that they have
opened out regions unknown to science, and furnished the mind with new ideas.
No, these fanciful definitions can at most satisfy that scientific dilettantism
which hides its feebleness under a supercilious mask to screen its indolence, or
the worldly scepticism which ridicules all that threatens to upset its indifference.
But enough of these superficial opinions. Let us study history, the sacred and
profane books of all nations, and the last results of experimental science; let us
subject all these facts to impartial criticism, inferring similar effects from
identical causes, and we shall be forced to give quite another definition of the
mystic and the occultist.
The true mystic is a man who enters into full possession of his inner life, and
who, having become cognizant of his sub-consciousness, finds in it, through
concentrated meditation and steady discipline, new faculties and enlightenment.
These new faculties and this enlightenment instruct him as to the innermost
nature of his soul and his relations with that impalpable element which underlies
all, with that eternal and supreme reality which religion calls God, and poetry the
Divine. The occultist, akin to the mystic, but differing from him as a younger
from an elder brother, is a man endowed with intuition and with synthesis, who
seeks to penetrate the hidden depths and foundations of Nature by the methods
of science and philosophy: that is to say, by observation and reason, methods
invariable in principle, but modified in application by being adapted to the
descending kingdoms of Spirit or the ascending kingdoms of Nature, according
to the vast hierarchy of beings and the alchemy of the creative Word.
The mystic, then, is one who seeks for truth and the Divine directly within
himself, by a gradual detachment and a veritable birth of his higher soul. If he
attains it after prolonged effort, he plunges into his own glowing centre. Then he
immerses himself, and identifies himself with that ocean of life which is the
primordial Force.
The occultist, on the other hand, discovers, studies, and contemplates this same
Divine outpouring given forth in diverse portions, endowed with force, and
multiplied to infinity in Nature and in Humanity. According to the profound
saying of Paracelsus: he sees in all beings the letters of an alphabet, which,
united in man, form the complete and conscious Word of life. The detailed
analysis that he makes of them, the syntheses that he constructs with them, are to
him as so many images and forecastings of this central Divine, of this Sun of
Beauty, of Truth and of Life, which he sees not, but which is reflected and bursts
upon his vision in countless mirrors.
The weapons of the mystic are concentration and inner vision; the weapons of
the occultist are intuition and synthesis. Each corresponds to the other; they
complete and presuppose each other.
These two human types are blended in the Adept, in the higher Initiate. No doubt
one or the other, and often both, are met with in the founders of great religions
and the loftiest philosophies. No doubt also they are to be found again, in a less,
but still very remarkable degree, among a certain number of personages who
have played a great part in history as reformers, thinkers, poets, artists,
statesmen.
Why, then, should these two types of mind, which represent the highest human
faculties, and were formerly the object of universal veneration, usually appear to
us now as merely deformed and travestied? Why have they become obliterated?
Why should they have fallen into such discredit?
During the last two thousand years, but especially since the sixteenth century,
humanity has achieved a tremendous work, namely, the conquest of the globe
and the constitution of experimental science, in what concerns the material and
visible world.
Now, they are showing themselves openly under new forms. Before long they
will assume a leading and directing importance in human destinies. I would add
that at no period of history, whether among the nations of the ancient Aryan
cycle, or in the Semitic civilizations of Asia and Africa—whether in the Græco-
Latin world, or in the middle ages and in modern times, have these royal
faculties, for which positivism would substitute its dreary nomenclature, ever
ceased to operate at the beginning and in the background of all great human
creations and of all fruitful work. For how can we imagine a thinker, a poet, an
inventor, a hero, a master of science or of art, a genius of any kind, without a
mighty ray of those two master-faculties which make the mystic and the occultist
—the inner vision and the sovereign intuition.
Rudolf Steiner is both a mystic and an occultist. These two natures appear in him
in perfect harmony. One could not say which of the two predominates over the
other. In intermingling and blending, they have become one homogeneous force.
Hence a special development in which outward events play but a secondary part.
Dr. Steiner was born in Upper Austria in 1861. His earliest years were passed in
a little town situated on the Leytha, on the borders of Styria, the Carpathians,
and Hungary. From childhood his character was serious and concentrated. This
was followed by a youth inwardly illuminated by the most marvellous intuitions,
a young manhood encountering terrible trials, and a ripe age crowned by a
mission which he had dimly foreseen from his earliest years, but which was only
gradually formulated in the struggle for truth and life. This youth, passed in a
mountainous and secluded region, was happy in its way, thanks to the
exceptional faculties that he discovered in himself. He was employed in a
Catholic church as a choir boy. The poetry of the worship, the profundity of the
symbolism, had a mysterious attraction for him; but, as he possessed the innate
gift of seeing souls, one thing terrified him. This was the secret unbelief of the
priests, entirely engrossed in the ritual and the material part of the service. There
was another peculiarity: no one, either then or later, allowed himself to talk of
any gross superstition in his presence, or to utter any blasphemy, as if those calm
and penetrating eyes compelled the speaker to serious thought. In this child,
almost always silent, there grew up a quiet and inflexible will, to master things
through understanding. That was easier for him than for others, for he possessed
from the first that self-mastery, so rare even in the adult, which gives the mastery
over others. To this firm will was added a warm, deep and almost painful
sympathy; a kind of pitiful tenderness to all beings and even to inanimate nature.
It seemed to him that all souls had in them something divine. But in what a stony
crust is hidden the shining gold! In what hard rock, in what dark gloom lay
dormant the precious essence! Vaguely as yet did this idea stir within him—he
was to develop it later—that the divine soul is present in all men, but in a latent
state. It is a sleeping captive that has to be awakened from enchantment.
To the sight of this young thinker, human souls became transparent, with their
troubles, their desires, their paroxysms of hatred or of love. And it was probably
owing to the terrible things he saw, that he spoke so little. And yet, what
delights, unknown to the world, sprang from this involuntary clairvoyance!
Among the remarkable inner revelations of this youth, I will instance only one
which was extremely characteristic.
The vast plains of Hungary, the wild Carpathian forests, the old churches of
those mountains in which the monstrance glows brightly as a sun in the darkness
of the sanctuary, were not there for nothing, but they were helpful to meditation
and contemplation.
At fifteen years of age, Steiner became acquainted with a herbalist at that time
staying in his country. The remarkable thing about this man was that he knew not
only the species, families, and life of plants in their minutest details, but also
their secret virtues. One would have said that he had spent his life in conversing
with the unconscious and fluid soul of herbs and flowers. He had the gift of
seeing the vital principle of plants, their etheric body, and what Occultism calls
the elementals of the vegetable world. He talked of it as of a quite ordinary and
natural thing. The calm and coolly scientific tone of his conversation still further
excited the curiosity and admiration of the youth. Later on, Steiner knew that
this strange man was a messenger from the Master, whom as yet he knew not,
but who was to be his real initiator, and who was already watching over him
from afar.
What the curious, double-sighted botanist told him, young Steiner found to be in
accordance with the logic of things. That confirmed an inner feeling of long
standing, and which more and more forced itself on his mind as the fundamental
Law, and as the basis of the Great All. That is to say: the two-fold current which
constitutes the very movement of the world, and which might be called the flux
and reflux of the universal life.
We are all witnesses and are conscious of the outward current of evolution,
which urges onward all beings of heaven and of earth—stars, plants, animals and
humanity—and causes them to move forward towards an infinite future, without
our perceiving the initial force which impels them and makes them go on
without pause or rest. But there is in the universe an inverse current, which
interposes itself and perpetually breaks in on the other. It is that of involution, by
which the principles, forces, entities and souls which come from the invisible
world and the kingdom of the Eternal infiltrate and ceaselessly intermingle with
the visible reality. No evolution of matter would be comprehensible without this
occult and astral current, which is the great propeller of life, with its hierarchy of
powers. Thus the Spirit, which contains the future in germ, involves itself in
matter; thus matter, which receives the Spirit, evolves towards the future. While,
then, we are moving on blindly towards the unknown future, this future is
approaching us consciously, infusing itself in the current of the world and man
who elaborate it. Such is the two-fold movement of time, the out-breathing and
the in-breathing of the soul of the world, which comes from the Eternal and
returns thither.
Beside this inner and contemplative life, his rational and philosophic mind was
powerfully developing. From sixteen to seventeen years of age, Rudolf Steiner
plunged deeply into the study of Kant, Fichte and Schelling. When he came to
Vienna some years after, he became an ardent admirer of Hegel, whose
transcendental idealism borders on Occultism; but speculative philosophy did
not satisfy him. His positive mind demanded the solid basis of the sciences of
observation. So he deeply studied mathematics, chemistry, mineralogy, botany
and zoology. "These studies," he said "afford a surer basis for the construction of
a spiritual system of the universe than history and literature. The latter, wanting
in exact methods, would then throw no side-lights on the vast domain of German
science." Inquiring into everything, enamored of high art, and an enthusiast for
poetry, Steiner nevertheless did not neglect literary studies. As a guide therein he
found an excellent professor in the person of Julius Schröer, a distinguished
scholar of the school of the brothers Grimm, who strove to develop in his pupils
the art of oratory and of composition. To this distinguished man the young
student owed his great and refined literary culture. "In the desert of prevailing
materialism," says Steiner, "his house was to me an oasis of idealism."
But this was not yet the Master whom he sought. Amidst these varied studies
and deep meditations, he could as yet discern the building of the universe but in
a fragmentary way; his inborn intuition prevented any doubt of the divine origin
of things and of a spiritual Beyond. A distinctive mark of this extraordinary man
was that he never knew any of those crises of doubt and despair which usually
accompany the transition to a definite conviction in the life of mystics and of
thinkers. Nevertheless, he felt that the central light which illumines and
penetrates the whole was still lacking in him. He had reached young manhood,
with its terrible problems. What was he going to do with his life? The sphinx of
destiny was facing him. How should he solve its problem?
It was at the age of nineteen that the aspirant to the mysteries met with his guide
—the Master—so long anticipated.
The Master of Rudolf Steiner was one of those men of power who live, unknown
to the world, under cover of some civil state, to carry out a mission unsuspected
by any but their fellows in the Brotherhood of self-sacrificing Masters. They
take no ostensible part in human events. To remain unknown is the condition of
their power, but their action is only the more efficacious. For they inspire,
prepare and direct those who will act in the sight of all. In the present instance
the Master had no difficulty in completing the first and spontaneous initiation of
his disciple. He had only, so to speak, to point out to him his own nature, to arm
him with his needful weapons. Clearly did he show him the connection between
the official and the secret sciences; between the religious and the spiritual forces
which are now contending for the guidance of humanity; the antiquity of the
occult tradition which holds the hidden threads of history, which mingles them,
separates, and re-unites them in the course of ages.
Swiftly he made him clear the successive stages of inner discipline, in order to
attain conscious and intelligent clairvoyance. In a few months the disciple
learned from oral teaching the depth and incomparable splendor of the esoteric
synthesis. Rudolf Steiner had already sketched for himself his intellectual
mission: "To re-unite Science and Religion. To bring back God into Science, and
Nature into Religion. Thus to re-fertilize both Art and Life." But how to set
about this vast and daring undertaking? How conquer, or rather, how tame and
transform the great enemy, the materialistic science of the day, which is like a
terrible dragon covered with its carapace and couched on its huge treasure? How
master this dragon of modern science and yoke it to the car of spiritual truth?
And, above all, how conquer the bull of public opinion?
Rudolf Steiner's Master was not in the least like himself. He had not that extreme
and feminine sensibility which, though not excluding energy, makes every
contact an emotion and instantly turns the suffering of others into a personal
pain. He was masculine in spirit, a born ruler of men, looking only at the species,
and for whom individuals hardly existed. He spared not himself, and he did not
spare others. His will was like a ball which, once shot from the cannon's mouth,
goes straight to its mark, sweeping off everything in its way. To the anxious
questioning of his disciple he replied in substance:
"If thou wouldst fight the enemy, begin by understanding him. Thou wilt
conquer the dragon only by penetrating his skin. As to the bull, thou must seize
him by the horns. It is in the extremity of distress that thou wilt find thy weapons
and thy brothers in the fight. I have shown thee who thou art, now go—and be
thyself!"
Rudolf Steiner knew the language of the Masters well enough to understand the
rough path that he was thus commanded to tread; but he also understood that this
was the only way to attain the end. He obeyed, and set forth.
From 1880 the life of Rudolf Steiner becomes divided into three quite distinct
periods: from twenty to thirty years of age (1881-1891), the Viennese period, a
time of study and of preparation; from thirty to forty (1891-1901), the Weimar
period, a time of struggle and combat; from forty to forty-six (1901-1907), the
Berlin period, a time of action and of organization, in which his thought
crystallized into a living work.
I pass rapidly over the Vienna period, in which Steiner took the degree of Doctor
of Philosophy. He afterwards wrote a series of scientific articles on zoology,
geology, and the theory of colors, in which theosophical ideas appear in an
idealist clothing. While acting as tutor in several families, with the same
conscientious devotion that he gave to everything, he conducted as chief editor a
weekly Viennese paper, the Deutsche Wochenschrift. His friendship with the
Austrian poetess, Marie Eugénie delle Grazie, cast, as it were, into this period of
heavy work a warm ray of sunshine, with a smile of grace and poetry.
These two persons were the celebrated philosopher, Friedrich Nietzsche, and the
no less famous naturalist, Ernst Haeckel.
Rudolf Steiner had just written an impartial treatise on the author of Zarathustra.
In consequence of this, Nietzsche's sister begged the sympathetic critic to come
and see her at Naumburg, where her unhappy brother was slowly dying.
Madame Foerster took the visitor to the door of the apartment where Nietzsche
was lying on a couch in a comatose condition, inert, stupified. To Steiner there
was something very significant in this melancholy sight. In it he saw the final act
in the tragedy of the would-be superman.
Nietzsche, the author of Beyond Good and Evil, had not, like the realists of
Bismarckian imperialism, renounced idealism, for he was naturally intuitive; but
in his individualistic pride he sought to cut off the spiritual world from the
universe, and the divine from human consciousness. Instead of placing the
superman, of whom he had a poetic vision, in the spiritual kingdom, which is his
true sphere, he strove to force him into the material world, which alone was real
in his eyes. Hence, in that splendid intellect arose a chaos of ideas and a wild
struggle which finally brought on softening of the brain. To explain this
particular case, it is needless to bring in atavism or the theory of degeneracy. The
frenzied combat of ideas and of contradictory sentiments, of which this brain
was the battlefield, was enough. Steiner had done justice to all the genius that
marked the innovating ideas of Nietzsche, but this victim of pride, self-destroyed
by negation, was to him none the less a tragic instance of the ruin of a mighty
intellect which madly destroys itself in breaking away from spiritual
intelligence.
Madame Foerster did her utmost to enrol Dr. Steiner under her brother's flag. For
this she used all her skill, making repeated offers to the young publicist to
become editor and commentator of Nietzsche's works. Steiner withstood her
insistence as best he could, and ended by taking himself off altogether, for which
Madame Foerster never forgave him. She did not know that Rudolf Steiner bore
within him the consciousness of a work no less great and more valuable than that
of her brother.
Nietzsche had been merely an interesting episode in the life of the esoteric
thinker on the threshold of his battlefield. His meeting with the celebrated
naturalist, Ernst Haeckel, on the contrary, marks a most important phase in the
development of his thought. Was not the successor of Darwin apparently the
most formidable adversary of the spiritualism of this young initiate, of that
philosophy which to him was the very essence of his being and the breath of his
thought? Indeed, since the broken link between man and animal has been re-
joined, since man can no longer believe in a special and supernatural origin, he
has begun altogether to doubt his divine origin and destiny. He no longer sees
himself as anything but one phenomenon among so many phenomena, a passing
form amidst so many forms, a frail and chance link in a blind evolution. Steiner,
then, is right in saying: "The mentality deduced from natural sciences is the
greatest power of modern times." On the other hand, he knew that this system
merely reproduces a succession of external forms among living beings, and not
the inner and acting forces of life. He knew it from personal initiation, and a
deeper and vaster view of the universe. So also he could exclaim with more
assurance than most of our timid spiritualists and startled theologians: "Is the
human soul then to rise on the wings of enthusiasm to the summits of the True,
the Beautiful and the Good, only to be swept away into nothingness, like a
bubble of the brain?" Yes, Haeckel was the Adversary. It was materialism in
arms, the dragon with all his scales, his claws, and his teeth.
Steiner's desire to understand this man, and to do him justice as to all that was
great in him, to fathom his theory so far as it was logical and plausible, was only
the more intense. In this fact one sees all the loyalty and all the greatness of his
comprehensive mind.
While thus pursuing his studies, Rudolf Steiner recalled the saying of his Master:
"To conquer the dragon, his skin must be penetrated." While stealing within the
carapace of present-day materialism, he had seized his weapons. Henceforth he
was ready for the combat. He needed but a field of action to give battle, and a
powerful aid to uphold him therein. He was to find his field in the Theosophical
Society, and his aid in a remarkable woman.
In 1897 Rudolf Steiner went to Berlin to conduct a literary magazine and to give
lectures there.
On his arrival, he found there a branch of the Theosophical Society. The German
branch of this Society was always noted for its great independence, which is
natural in a country of transcendental philosophy and of fastidious criticism. It
had already made a considerable contribution to occult literature through the
interesting periodical, The Sphinx, conducted by Dr. Hübbe-Schleiden, and Dr.
Carl du Prel's book—Philosophie der Mystik. But, the leaders having retired, it
was almost over with the group. Great discussions and petty wranglings divided
the theosophists beyond the Rhine. Should Rudolf Steiner enter the
Theosophical Society? This question forced itself urgently upon him, and it was
of the utmost gravity, both for himself and for his cause.
Through his first Master, through the brotherhood with which he was associated,
and by his own innermost nature, Steiner belongs to another school of
Occultism, I mean to the esoteric Christianity of the West, and most especially to
the Rosicrucian initiation.
Rudolf Steiner was assisted in his work by a powerful recruit and one of
inestimable value in the propagandist work that he was about to undertake.
As for Rudolf Steiner, he had already given ample proof of his profound thought
and his eloquence. He knew himself, and he was master of himself. But such
faith, such devotion must have increased his energy a hundredfold, and given
wings to his words. His writings on esoteric questions followed one another in
rapid succession.[4]
He delivered lectures in Berlin, Leipzig, Cassel, Munich, Stuttgart, Vienna,
Budapest, etc. All his books are of a high standard. He is equally skilled in the
deduction of ideas in philosophical order, and in rigorous analysis of scientific
facts. And when he so chooses, he can give a poetical form to his thought, in
original and striking imagery. But his whole self is shown only by his presence
and his speech, private or public. The characteristic of his eloquence is a singular
force, always gentle in expression, resulting undoubtedly from perfect serenity
of soul combined with wonderful clearness of mind. Added to this at times is an
inner and mysterious vibration which makes itself felt by the listener from the
very first words. Never a word that could shock or jar. From argument to
argument, from analogy to analogy, he leads you on from the known to the
unknown. Whether following up the comparative development of the earth and
of man, according to occult tradition, through the Lemurian, Atlantean, Asiatic
and European periods; whether explaining the physiological and psychic
constitution of man as he now is; whether enumerating the stages of Rosicrucian
initiation, or commenting on the Gospel of St. John and the Apocalypse, or
applying his root-ideas to mythology, history and literature, that which
dominates and guides his discourse is ever this power of synthesis, which co-
ordinates facts under one ruling idea and gathers them together in one
harmonious vision. And it is ever this inward and contagious fervor, this secret
music of the soul, which is, as it were, a subtle melody in harmony with the
Universal Soul.
Such, at least, is what I felt on first meeting him and listening to him two years
ago. I could not better describe this undefinable feeling than by recalling the
saying of a poet-friend to whom I was showing the portrait of the German
theosophist. Standing before those deep and clear-seeing eyes, before that
countenance, hollowed by inward struggles, moulded by a lofty spirit which has
proved its balance on the heights and its calm in the depths, my friend
exclaimed: "Behold a master of himself and of life!"
In this practical age and because of the many various claims of the day, it is but
natural that people, who hear of transcendentalism should at once ask the
question: "How may we for ourselves know the truth of such statements?"
Indeed, it is noticeable, as a characteristic of the majority, that they will accept
nothing on faith, or mere "authority," but wish rather to rely entirely upon their
own judgment. Therefore, when a mystic undertakes to explain something of the
superphysical nature of man, and of the destiny of the human soul and spirit
before birth and after death, he is at once confronted with that fundamental
demand. Such doctrine, they seem to think is important only when you have
shown them the way by which they may convince themselves of its truth.
This critical inquiry is quite justified; and no true mystic or occultist will dispute
its fairness, yet it is unfortunate that with many who make the demand, there
exists a feeling of skepticism or antagonism toward the mystic or any attempt on
his part to explain anything occult. This feeling becomes especially marked
when the mystic intimates how the truths which he has described may be
attained. For they say, "Whatever is true may be demonstrated; therefore, prove
to us what you assert." They demand that the truth must be something clear and
simple, something which an ordinary intellect may comprehend. "Surely," they
add, "this knowledge cannot be the possession of a chosen few, to whom it is
given by a special revelation." And in this way the real messenger of
transcendental truth is frequently confronted with people who reject him,
because—unlike the scientist, for example, he can produce no proofs for his
assertions, of such a nature as they are able to understand. Again, there are those
who cautiously reject any information pertaining to the superphysical because to
them it does not seem reasonable. Thereupon they partially satisfy themselves,
by claiming that we cannot know anything of what lies beyond birth or death, or
of anything which cannot be perceived through our five ordinary physical
senses.
These are but a few of the arguments and criticisms with which to-day the
messenger of a spiritual philosophy is confronted; but they are similar to all
those which compose the key-note of our time, and he who puts himself at the
service of a spiritual movement must recognize this condition quite clearly.
For his own part, the mystic is aware that his knowledge rests upon
superphysical facts; which to him are just as tangible, for example, as those that
form the foundation of the experiences and observations described by a traveller
in Africa or any strange land. To the mystic applies what Annie Besant has said
in her manual, "Death and After?"
"A seasoned African explorer would care but little for the criticisms
passed on his report by persons who had never been there; he might
tell what he saw, describe the animals whose habits he had studied,
sketch the country he had traversed, sum up its products and its
characteristics. If he was contradicted, laughed at, set right, by
untravelled critics, he would be neither ruffled nor distressed, but
would merely leave them alone. Ignorance cannot convince
knowledge by repeated asseveration of its nescience. The opinion of
a hundred persons on a subject of which they are wholly ignorant is
of no more weight than the opinion of one such person. Evidence is
strengthened by many consenting witnesses, testifying each to his
knowledge of a fact, but nothing multiplied a thousand times remains
nothing."
Here is expressed the mystic's view of his own situation. He hears the objections
which are raised on every side, yet he knows that for himself he has no need to
dispute them. He realizes that his certain knowledge is being criticized by those
who have not had his experience, that he is in the position of a mathematician
who has discovered a truth which can lose no value though a thousand voices are
raised in opposition.
Then again will arise the objection of the skeptics: "Mathematical truths may be
proven to anyone," they will say, "and though perhaps you have really found
something, we shall accept it only when we have learned of its truth through our
own investigation." Such then have reason to consider themselves to be in the
right, because it is clear to them that anyone who acquires the necessary
knowledge can prove a mathematical truth, while the experiences professed by
the mystic if true depend upon the special faculties of a few elect mystics, in
whom they assume they are expected to blindly believe.
For him, who rightly considers this objection, all justification for the doubt
immediately vanishes; and mystics can here use the very logical reasoning of the
skeptics themselves, by emphasizing the truth that the way to Higher Knowledge
is open to anyone who will acquire for himself the faculties by which he may
prove the spiritual truths herein claimed. The mystic asserts nothing which his
opponents would not also be compelled to assert, if they did but fully
comprehend their own statements. They, however, in making an assertion, often
formulate a claim which constitutes a direct contradiction of that assertion.
Skeptics are seldom willing to acquire the necessary faculties to test the
assertions of the mystic, but prefer to judge him offhand, without regard to their
own lack of qualification. The sincere mystic says to them: "I do not claim to be
'chosen' in the sense that you mean. I have merely developed within myself,
some of man's additional senses in order to acquire the faculties through which it
is possible to speak of glimpses into superphysical regions." These senses are
dormant within you and every other person, until they are developed, (as is
necessary with the usual senses and faculties more noticeable in the growth of a
child). Yet his opponents answer: "You must prove your truths to us as we now
are!" This at once appears a difficult task, for they have not complied with the
necessity of developing the dormant powers within them, they are still unwilling
to do so, and yet they insist that he shall give them proofs; nor do they see that
this is exactly as if a peasant at his plough should demand of the mathematician
the proof of a complicated problem, without his undergoing the trouble of
learning mathematics.
This mixed mental condition appears to be so general and its solution so simple
that one almost hesitates to speak of it. And yet it indicates a delusion under
which millions of people continue living at the present time. When explained to
them they always agree in theory, since it is quite as plain as, that two and two
make four; yet in practice they continually act in contradiction. The mistake has
grown to be second nature with many; they indulge it without realizing that they
do so without desiring to be convinced of its error; just as they set themselves
against other laws which they should and would at all times recognize as
embodying a principle of the simplest nature, if they but gave it an unbiased
consideration. It matters not whether the mystic of to-day moves among thinking
artisans, or in a more educated circle, wherever he goes he meets with the same
prejudice, the same self-contradiction. One finds it in popular lectures, in the
newspapers and magazines, and even in the more learned works or treatises.
Here we must recognize quite clearly that we are dealing with a consensus of
opinion that amounts to a sign of the times, which we may not simply pronounce
as incompetent, nor deal with as possibly a correct but unjust criticism. We must
understand that this prejudice against the higher truths, lies deep in the very
being of our age. We must understand clearly that the great successes, the
immense advance marking our time, necessarily encourages this condition. The
nineteenth century especially had in the above respect a dark side to its
wonderful excellences. Its greatness rests upon discoveries in the external world,
and conquest of natural forces for technical and industrial purposes. These
successes could have been attained only by the employment of the mind directed
toward material results.
The civilization of the present day is the result of the training of our senses, and
of that part of our mind which is occupied with the world of sense. Almost every
step we take in the busy marts of to-day shows us how much we owe to this kind
of training. And it is under the influence of these blessings of civilization that the
habits of thought, prevalent among our fellow-men, have been developed. They
continue to abide by the senses and the mind, because it is by means of these that
they have grown great. People were taught to train themselves to admit nothing
as true except those things that were presented to them by the senses or the
intellect. And nothing is more apt to claim for itself the only valid testimony, the
only absolute authority, than the mind or the senses. If a man has acquired by
means of them a certain degree of culture, he thenceforth accustoms himself to
submit everything to their consideration, everything to their criticism. And again
in another sphere, in the domain of Social Life, we find a similar trait. The man
of the nineteenth century insisted, in the fullest sense of the word, upon the
absolute freedom of personality, and repudiated any authority in the Social
Commonwealth. He endeavored to construct the community in such a way that
the full independence, the self-chosen vocation of each individual, should,
without interference, be assured. In this way it became habitual for him to
consider everything from the standpoint of the average individual.
It is also noticeable that the present formation of the Social Commonwealth has
helped to bring about a revolt against the higher powers of man. According to
the mystic, civilization during the nineteenth century has moved altogether along
physical lines; and people have accustomed themselves to move on the physical
plane alone, and to feel at home there. The higher powers are developed only on
planes higher than the physical, and the knowledge which these faculties bring
is, therefore, unknown to the physical man. It is only necessary to attend mass-
meetings, if one wishes to be convinced of the fact that the speakers there are
totally unable to think any thoughts but those which refer to the physical plane,
the world of sense. This can also be seen through the leading journalists of our
papers and magazines; and, indeed, on all sides one may observe the haughtiest
and most complete denial of everything that cannot be seen with the eyes, or felt
with the hands, or comprehended by the average mind. We do not condemn this
attitude for it denotes a necessary stage in the development of humanity. Without
the pride and prejudices of mind and sense, we should never have achieved our
great conquests over material life, nor have been able to impart to the personality
a certain measure of elasticity: neither can we hope that many ideals, which must
be founded on man's desire for freedom and the assertion of personality, may yet
be realized.
But this dark side of a purely materialistic civilization has deeply affected the
whole being of the modern man. For proof it is not necessary to refer to the
obvious facts already named; it would be easy to demonstrate, by certain
examples (which are greatly underrated, especially to-day), how deeply rooted in
the mind of the modern man is this adhesion to the testimony of the senses, or
the average intelligence. And it is just these things that indicate the need for the
renewal of spiritual life.
The strong response evoked by Professor Friedrich Delitzsch's Babel and Bible
Theory fully justifies a reference to its author's method of thinking, as a sign of
the time. Professor Delitzsch has demonstrated the relationship of certain
traditions in the Old Testament, to the Babylonian accounts of the Creation, and
this fact, coming from such a source and in such a form, has been realized by
many who would otherwise have ignored such questions. It has led many to
reconsider the so-called idea of Revelation. They ask themselves: "How is it
possible to accept the idea that the contents of the Old Testament were revealed
by God, when we find very similar conceptions among decidedly heathen
nations?" This problem cannot here be further discussed. Delitzsch found many
opponents who feared that through his exposition, the very foundations of
Religion had been shaken. He has defended himself in a pamphlet, Babel and
Bible, a Retrospect and a Forecast. Here we shall only refer to a single statement
in the pamphlet. One of importance, because it reveals the view of an eminent
scientist regarding the position of man with respect to transcendental truths. And
to-day innumerable other people think and feel just like Delitzsch. The statement
affords an excellent opportunity for us to find out what is the innermost
conviction of our contemporaries, expressed quite freely and, therefore, in its
truest form.
Delitzsch turns to those who reproach him with a somewhat liberal use of the
term "Revelation," and who would fain regard it as "a kind of old priestly
wisdom" which "has nothing at all to do with the layman," making this reply.
"For my part, I am of opinion that while our children or ourselves are
instructed in school or at church as regards Revelation, not only are
we within our right, but it is our duty, to think independently
concerning these deep questions, possessing also, as they do, an
eminently practical side, were it only that we might avoid giving our
children 'evasive' answers. For this very reason it will be gratifying to
many searchers after Truth when the dogma of a special 'choosing' of
Israel shall have been brought forward into the light of a wider
historical outlook, through the union of Babylonian, Assyrian, and
Old Testament research…. [A few pages earlier we are shown the
direction of such thoughts.] For the rest, it would seem to me that the
only logical thing is for Church and School to be satisfied as regards
the whole past history of the world and of humanity, with the belief
in One Almighty Creator of Heaven and Earth, and that these tales of
the Old Testament should be classified by themselves under some
such title as 'Old Hebraic Myths.'"
(It may be taken as a matter of course, we suppose, that no one will see in the
following remarks an attack on the investigator Delitzsch.) What, then, is here
averred in naive simplicity? Nothing less than that the mind which is engaged
upon physical investigation may assert the right of judging experiences of
superphysical nature. There is no thought that this mind without further
development may perhaps be unfit to reflect upon the teachings of these
"Revelations." When one wishes to understand that which appears as a
"Revelation," one must employ the kind of knowledge or forces through which
the "Revelation," itself has come to us.
He who develops within himself the mystical power of perception soon observes
that in certain stories of the Old Testament which by Delitzsch were called "Old
Hebraic Myths," there are revealed to him truths of a higher nature than those
which may be comprehended by the intellect, which is only concerned with the
things of sense. His own experiences will lead him to see that these "Myths"
have proceeded out of a mystic perception of transcendental truths. And then, in
one illuminative moment, his whole point of view is changed.
As little as one may demonstrate the fallacy of a mathematical problem by
discovering who solved it first, or even that several people have solved it, just so
little may one impugn the truth of a biblical narrative by the discovery of a
similar story elsewhere. Instead of demanding that everyone should insist upon
his right, or even his duty, to think independently on the so-called "Revelations,"
we ought rather to consider that only he who has developed in himself those
latent powers which make it possible for him to relive that which was once
realized by those very mystics, who proclaimed the "supersensuous revelations,"
has a right to decide anything about the matter.
Here we have an excellent example of how the average intellect, qualified for the
highest triumphs in practical sense-knowledge, sets itself up, in naive pride, as a
judge in domains, the existence of which it does not even care to know. For
purely historical investigation is also carried on by nothing but the experience of
the senses.
In just the same way has the investigation of the New Testament led us into a
blind alley. At any costs the method of the "Newer Historical Investigation" had
to be directed upon the Gospels. These documents have been compared with
each other, and brought into relation with all sorts of records, in order that we
might find out what really happened in Palestine from the year 1 to the year 33;
how the "historical personality" of whom they tell really lived, and what He may
really have said.
Angelus Selesius, of the seventeenth century, has already expressed the whole of
the critical attitude toward this kind of investigation:
"Though Christ were yearly born in Bethlehem, and never Had birth
in you yourself, then were you lost for ever; And if within yourself it
is not reared again, The Cross at Golgotha can save you not from
pain."
Nor are these the words of one who doubted, but those of a Christian, strong in
his belief. And his equally fervent predecessor, Meister Eckhart, said in the
thirteenth century:
"There are some who desire to see God with their eyes, as they look
at a cow; and just as they love a cow, so they desire to love God….
Simple-minded people imagine that God may be seen as if He stood
there and they stood here. But this is not so: in that perception, God
and I are one."
He who can see clearly in these matters is aware how deeply rooted, at the
present time, is the "pride" of the intellect, which only concerns itself with the
facts of sense. It says: "I do not wish to develop faculties in order that I may
reach the higher truths; I wish to form my decisions concerning them with the
powers that I now possess."
The life of the Spirit can be understood only when we do not presume to criticize
it with the lower mind, but rather when we develop it reverently within
ourselves. No one can hope to learn anything of the higher truths if he demands
that they shall be lowered to the "average understanding." This statement
provokes the question: "Why, then, do you mystics proclaim these truths to
people who, you declare, cannot as yet understand them? Why should there be
Movements in the furtherance of certain teachings, when the powers which
render men able to conceive of these teachings are still undeveloped?"
It is the task of this book to elucidate this apparent contradiction. It will show
that the spiritual currents of our day originate from a different source, in a
different manner, from the science which relies entirely on the lower intellect.
Yet, in spite of this, these spiritual currents are not to be considered as less
scientific than the science which is based upon physical facts alone. Rather do
they extend the field of scientific investigation into the superphysical. We must
close this chapter with one more question, which is likely to arise: How may one
attain to superphysical truths, and, of what help are spiritual movements towards
this attainment?
II
In every man there are latent faculties by means of which he may acquire for
himself knowledge of the higher worlds. The mystic, master, theosophist, or
gnostic speaks of a soul-world and a spirit-world, which are, for him, just as real
as the world which we see with our physical eyes, or touch with our physical
hands. And those who wish to develop the spiritual senses, which unfold psychic
knowledge, should understand that safe advice can be given only by those who
have already developed such power within themselves. As long as the human
race has existed, there have been lodges and schools in which those who
possessed these higher faculties have given instruction to those who were in
search of them. Such are called occult schools, and the instruction which is
imparted therein is called esoteric science, or occult teaching. This designation
sometimes leads to misunderstanding. He who hears it may be very easily misled
into the belief that those who work in these schools desire to represent a special,
privileged class, which arbitrarily withholds its knowledge from its fellow-
creatures. Indeed, he may even think that perhaps there is nothing really
important behind such knowledge. For he is tempted to think that, if it were a
true knowledge, there would be no need of making a secret of it: one might then
communicate it publicly to the advantage of all men.
Those who have been initiated into occult knowledge are not in the least
surprised that the uninitiated should so think. Only he who has to a certain
degree experienced this initiation into the higher knowledge of being can
understand the secret of that initiation. But it may be asked: How, then, shall the
uninitiated, considering the circumstances, develop any interest at all in this so-
called mystic knowledge? How and why ought they to search for something of
the nature of which they can form no idea? Such a question is based upon an
entirely erroneous conception of the real nature of occult knowledge. There is, in
truth, no fundamental difference between occult knowledge and all the rest of
man's knowledge and capacity. This mystic knowledge is no more a secret for
the average man than writing is a secret to him who has never learned to read.
And just as everyone who chooses the correct method may learn to write, so too
can everyone who searches after the right way become a disciple, and even a
teacher. In only one respect are the conditions here different from those that
apply to external thought-activities. The possibility of acquiring the art of
writing may be withheld from someone through poverty, or through the state of
civilization into which he has been born; but for the attainment of knowledge in
the higher worlds there is no obstacle for him who sincerely searches for it.
Many believe that it is necessary to find, here or there, the Masters of the higher
knowledge, in order to receive enlightenment from them. In the first place, he
who strives earnestly after the higher knowledge need not be afraid of any
difficulty or obstacle in his search for an Initiate who shall be able to lead him
into the profounder secrets of the world. Everyone, on the contrary, may be
certain that an Initiate will find him, under any circumstances, if there is in him
an earnest and worthy endeavor to attain this knowledge. For it is a strict law
with all Initiates to withhold from no man the knowledge that is due him. But
there is an equally strict law which insists that no one shall receive any occult
knowledge until he is worthy and well prepared. And the more strictly he
observes these two laws, the more perfect is an Initiate. The order which
embraces all Initiates is surrounded, as it were, by a wall, and the two laws here
mentioned form two strong principles by which the constituents of this wall are
held together. You may live in close friendship with an Initiate, yet this wall will
separate him from you just as long as you have not become an Initiate yourself.
You may enjoy in the fullest sense the heart, the love of an Initiate, yet he will
only impart to you his secret when you yourself are ready for it. You may flatter
him; you may torture him; nothing will induce him to divulge to you anything
which he knows ought not be disclosed, inasmuch as you, at the present stage of
your evolution, do not understand rightly how to receive the secret into your
soul.
The ways which prepare a man for the reception of such a secret are clearly
prescribed. They are indicated by the unfading, everlasting letters within the
temples where the Initiates guard the higher secrets. In ancient times, anterior to
"history," these temples were outwardly visible; to-day, because our lives have
become so unspiritual, they are mostly quite invisible to external sight. Yet they
are present everywhere, and all who seek may find them.
Only within his soul may a man discover the means which will open for him the
lips of the Initiate. To a certain high degree he must develop within himself
special faculties, and then the greatest treasures of the Spirit become his own.
He must begin with a certain fundamental attitude of the soul: the student of
Occultism calls it the Path of Devotion, of Veneration. Only he who maintains
this attitude can, in Occultism, become a disciple. And he who has experience in
these things is able to perceive even in the child the signs of approaching
discipleship. There are children who look up with religious awe to those whom
they venerate. For such people they have a respect which forbids them to admit,
even in the innermost sanctuary of the heart, any thought of criticism or
opposition. These children grow up into young men and maidens who feel happy
when they are able to look up to anything venerable. From the ranks of such
children are recruited many disciples.
Have you ever paused outside the door of some venerated man, and have you, on
this your first visit, felt a religious awe as you pressed the handle, in order to
enter the room which for you is a holy place? Then there has been manifested in
you an emotion which may be the germ of your future discipleship. It is a
blessing for every developing person to have such emotions upon which to build.
Only it must not be thought that such qualities contain the germ of
submissiveness and slavery. Experience teaches us that those can best hold their
heads erect who have learned to venerate where veneration is due. And
veneration is always in its own place when it rises from the depths of the heart.
Now the important thing that everyone must clearly understand is that, for him
who is right in the midst of the objective civilization of our time, it is very
difficult to advance to the knowledge of the higher worlds. He can do so only if
he work energetically within himself. At a time when the conditions of outward
life were simpler, spiritual exaltation was easier of attainment. That which ought
to be venerated, that which should be kept holy, stood out in better relief from
the ordinary things of the world. In a period of criticism these ideals are much
lowered; other emotions take the place of awe, veneration, respect, and prayer.
Our own age continually pushes these better emotions further and further back,
so that in the daily life of the people they play but a very small part. He who
seeks for higher knowledge must create it within himself; he himself must instil
it into his soul. It cannot be done by study; it can only be done through living.
He who wishes to become a disciple must therefore assiduously cultivate the
devotional mood. Everywhere in his environment he must look for that which
demands of him admiration and homage. Whenever his duties or circumstances
permit, he should try to abstain entirely from all criticism or judgment. If I meet
a brother and blame him for his weakness, I rob myself of power to win the
higher knowledge; but if I try to enter lovingly into his merits, I then gather such
power. The disciple should seek to benefit both himself and others. Experienced
occultists are aware how much they owe to the continual searching for the good
in all things, and the withholding of all harsh criticism. This must be not only an
external rule of life; but it must take possession of the innermost part of our
souls. We have it in our power to perfect ourselves, and by and by to transform
ourselves completely. But this transformation must take place in the innermost
self, in the mental life. It is not enough that I show respect only in my outward
bearing toward a person; I must have this respect in my thought. The disciple
must begin by drawing this devotion into his thought-life. He must altogether
banish from his consciousness all thoughts of disrespect, of criticism, and he
must endeavor straightway to cultivate thoughts of devotion.
At first it is not easy for people to believe that feelings like reverence, respect,
and so forth, have anything to do with their perceptions. This comes from the
fact that one is inclined to think of perception as a faculty quite by itself, one that
stands in no relation to what otherwise happens in the soul. In so thinking, we do
not remember that it is the soul which perceives. And feelings are for the soul
what food is for the body. If we give the body stones in place of bread its activity
will cease. It is the same with the soul. Veneration, homage, devotion, are as
nutriment which makes it healthy and strong, especially strong for the activity of
perception. Disrespect, antipathy, and under-estimation, bring about the
starvation and the withering of this activity. For the occultist this fact is visible in
the aura. A soul which harbors the feelings of devotion and reverence, brings
about a change in its aura. Certain yellowish-red or brown-red tints will vanish,
and tints of bluish-red will replace them. And then the organ of perception
opens. It receives information of facts in its environment of which it hitherto had
no knowledge. Reverence awakens a sympathetic power in the soul, and through
this we attract similar qualities in the beings which surround us, that would
otherwise remain hidden. More effective still is that power which can be
obtained by devotion when another feeling is added. One learns to give up
oneself less and less to the impressions of the outer world, and to develop in its
place a vivid inward life. He who darts from one impression of the outer world
to another, who constantly seeks dissipations, cannot find the way to Occultism.
Neither should the disciple blunt himself to the outer world; but let his rich inner
life point out the direction in which he ought to lend himself to its impressions.
When passing through a beautiful mountain district, the man with depth of soul
and richness of emotion has different experiences from the man with few
emotions. Only what we experience within ourselves reveals the beauties of the
outer world. One man sails across the ocean, and only a few inward experiences
pass through his soul; but another will then hear the eternal language of the
world-spirit, and for him are unveiled the mysteries of creation.
One must have learned to control one's own feelings and ideas if one wishes to
develop any intimate relationship with the outer world. Every phenomenon in
that outer world is full of divine splendor, but one must have felt the Divine
within oneself before one may hope to discover it without. The disciple is told to
set apart certain moments of his daily life during which to withdraw into himself,
quietly and alone. At such times he ought not to occupy himself with his own
personal affairs, for this would bring about the contrary of that at which he is
aiming. During these moments he ought rather to listen in complete silence to
the echoes of what he has experienced, of what the outward world has told him.
Then, in these periods of quiet, every flower, every animal, every action will
unveil to him secrets undreamed of, and thus will he prepare himself to receive
new impressions of the external world, as if he viewed it with different eyes. For
he who merely desires to enjoy impression after impression, only stultifies the
perceptive faculty, while he who lets the enjoyment afterwards reveal something
to him, thus enlarges and educates it. He must be careful not merely to let the
enjoyment reverberate, as it were; but, renouncing any further emotions of joy,
begin to work upon his pleasurable experiences with an inward activity. The
danger at this point is very great. Instead of working within one-self, it is easy to
fall into the opposite habit of afterward trying to completely exhaust the
enjoyment. Let us not undervalue the unforeseen sources of error which here
confront the disciple. He must of necessity pass through a host of temptations,
each of which tends only to harden his Ego and to imprison it within itself. He
ought to open it wide for the whole world. It is necessary that he should seek
enjoyment, for in this way only can the outward world get at him; and if he
blunts himself to enjoyment he becomes as a plant which cannot longer draw
nourishment from its environment. Yet, if he stops at the enjoyment, he is then
shut up within himself, and will only be something to himself and nothing to the
world. However much he may live within himself, however intensely he may
cultivate his Ego, the world will exclude him. He is dead to the world. The
disciple considers enjoyment only as a means of ennobling himself for the
world. Pleasure to him is as a scout who informs him concerning the world, and
after having been taught by pleasure he passes on to work. He does not learn in
order that he may accumulate wisdom as his own treasure, but in order that he
may put his learning at the service of the world.
At the very beginning of his course the student is directed to the Path of
Reverence, and the development of the inner life. The occult teaching also gives
practical instructions by the observance of which he may learn to follow that
Path and develop that inner life. These practical directions have no arbitrary
basis. They rest on ancient experience and ancient wisdom, and wheresoever the
ways to higher knowledge are marked out, they are of the same nature. All
genuine teachers of Occultism agree as to the essential character of these rules,
although they do not always express them in the same words. This difference of
expression is of a minor character, more seeming than real, and is due to
circumstances which need not be mentioned here.
One of the first of these rules may be thus expressed in our language: "Provide
for yourself moments of inward calm, and in these moments learn to distinguish
between the real and the unreal." I say advisedly "expressed in our language,"
because originally all rules and teachings of occult science were expressed in a
symbolical sign-language. Those who desire to master its whole scope and
meaning must first obtain permission to learn this symbolical language, and
before such permission may be obtained, it is necessary to have taken the first
steps in occult knowledge. This may be achieved by the careful observance of
such rules as are here given. The Path is open to all who earnestly will to enter it.
Simple, in truth and easy to follow, is the rule concerning moments of inner
calm; but it leads to the goal only when the pursuit is as earnest and strict as the
way is simple. It will, therefore, be stated here, without further preamble, the
method in which this rule should be observed.
The student must mark off a small part of his daily life in which to occupy
himself with something quite different from the avocations of his ordinary life,
and the way in which he occupies himself at such a time must also differ from
the way in which he performs the rest of his duties. But this does not mean that
what he does in the time thus set apart has no connection with his daily work. On
the contrary, the man who seeks such moments in the right way will soon find
that it is just this which gives him full power to do his daily task. Nor must it be
supposed that the observance of this rule really deprives anyone of time needed
for the performance of his duties. If any person really has no more time at his
disposal, five minutes a day will suffice. The real point is the manner in which
these five minutes are spent.
At these periods a man should raise himself completely above his work-a-day
life. His thoughts and feelings must take on a different coloring. His joys and
sorrows, his cares, experiences, and actions, must pass in review before his soul.
And he must cultivate a frame of mind which enables him to regard all his other
experiences from a higher point of view. We need only bear in mind how
different is the point of view from which in ordinary life we regard the
experiences and actions of another, and that from which we judge our own. This
is inevitable, for we are interwoven with our own actions and experiences, while
we only contemplate those of another. Our aim, in moments of retirement, must
be to contemplate and judge our own experiences and actions, as though it were
not ourselves but some other person to whom they applied. Suppose, for
example, that a certain misfortune has befallen someone. What a different
attitude that person takes towards it as compared with an identical misfortune
that has befallen his neighbor! No one can blame this attitude as unjustifiable; it
is a part of human nature. And just as it is in exceptional circumstances, so it is
also in the daily affairs of life. The student must endeavor to attain the power of
regarding himself at certain times as he would regard a stranger. He must
contemplate himself with the inward calm of the critic. When this is attained, our
own experiences present themselves in a new light. As long as we are
interwoven with them and are, as it were, within them, we are as closely
connected with the unreal as with the real. When we attain to a calm survey, the
real is separated from the unreal. Sorrow and joy, every thought, every resolve,
appear changed when we contemplate ourselves in this way. It is as though we
had spent the whole day in a place where we saw the smallest objects at the same
range of vision as the largest ones, and in the evening climbed a neighboring hill
and surveyed the whole scene at once. Then the parts of the place take on
proportions different from those they bore when seen from within. The value of
such calm inward contemplation depends less on the actual thing we
contemplate than on the power which such inward calm develops in us.
For in every human being there is, besides what we call the work-a-day man, a
higher being. This higher being remains concealed until it is awakened. And
each of us can only awaken it for himself. But as long as this higher being is not
awakened, the higher faculties that might lead to supersensual knowledge, must
lie dormant or remain hidden in every man. This power which leads to inward
calm is a magic force that sets free certain higher faculties. Until a seeker feels
this magic force within him, he must continue to follow strictly and earnestly the
rules given. To every man who thus perseveres, the day will come when a
spiritual light is revealed to him, and a whole new world, whose existence was
hitherto unsuspected, is discerned by an eye within him.
Because he begins to follow this rule, there is no need for any outward change in
the life of the student. He performs his duties as before, and at first he endures
the same sorrows and experiences the same joys as of old. In no way does it
estrange him from life, rather is he enabled to devote himself to it the more
completely, because in the moments set apart he has a Higher Life of his own.
Gradually this Higher Life will make its influence felt on the ordinary life. The
calm of the moments set apart will influence his ordinary existence as well. The
whole man will grow calmer, will attain serenity in all his actions, and will cease
to be perturbed by all manner of incidents. Gradually a student who thus
advances will guide himself more and more, and be less governed by
circumstances and external influences. Such a man will soon discover how great
a source of strength lies for him in these periods of contemplation. He will cease
to be annoyed by things that formerly worried him; and countless matters that
once filled him with fear will now cease to alarm him. He acquires a new
outlook on life. Formerly he may have taken up this or that task with a sense of
timidity. He would say: "I lack the power to do this as well as I could wish."
Now he no longer admits such a thought but, instead forms one quite different.
He says to himself: "I will summon all my strength in order to do my work as
well as I possibly can." And he suppresses the thought which encourages
timidity; for he knows that this very timidity might spoil his undertaking, and
that in any event it can contribute nothing to the improvement of his labor. And
thus one thought after another, each fraught with advantage to his whole life,
begins to penetrate the student's outlook. They take the place of those which
gave a hampering and weakening effect. He begins to steer his own ship, on a
firm, secure course, among the waves of life, which formerly tossed it helplessly
to and fro.
And this calm and serenity react on the whole being. They assist the growth of
the inner man, and of those inner faculties which lead to higher knowledge. For
it is by his progress in this direction that the student gradually attains to a state in
which he himself determines the manner in which the impressions of the external
world shall affect him. Thus, he may hear a word, spoken with the object of
wounding or vexing him. Before he began his occult studies it would indeed
have been painful or irritating. But now that he is in the Path of Discipleship, he
is able to take from it the sting or the power to hurt, even before it enters his
consciousness. Take another example: we naturally grow impatient when we are
kept waiting, but the student is so permeated, in his moments of calm, with the
realization of the uselessness of impatience, that this calmness is present with
him on every occasion. The impatience which would naturally overcome him
vanishes, and an interval which would otherwise have been wasted in the
expression of impatience may be utilized by making some profitable observation
during the period of waiting.
Now we must realize the significance of these facts. We must remember that the
"Higher Being" in a man is in constant development, and only the state of calm
and serenity here described renders an orderly development possible. The waves
of outward life press in upon the inner man from all sides, if, instead of
controlling this outward life, he is controlled by it. Such a man is like a plant
which tries to expand in a cleft in the rock, and is stunted in its growth until new
space is given it. No outward forces can supply space for the inner man; it can
only be supplied by the inner calm which he may give to his soul. Outward
circumstances can only alter the course of his outward life; they can never
awaken the spiritual inner man. The student must himself give birth to the new
and higher man within him.
The higher man becomes the "inner Ruler," who directs the circumstances of the
outer man with sure guidance. As long as the latter has the upper hand, this inner
man is enslaved, and cannot therefore develop his powers. If another than myself
has the power to make me angry, I am not master of myself, or, to put it better, I
have not yet found "the Ruler within me." I must develop the power within, of
letting the impressions of the outer world approach me only in the way in which
I myself choose; then only do I really become an occult student. And only by
earnestly striving after this power can a student reach the goal. It is not of so
much importance to achieve a great deal in a given time, as to be earnest in the
search. Many have striven for years without noticing any marked advance; but
many of those who did not despair, and struggled on undaunted, have sometimes
quite suddenly achieved the "inner victory."
But only one side of the student's inner activity is characterized by this birth of
his own higher being. Something else in addition is needed. Even if a man
regards himself as a stranger, it is only himself that he contemplates; he looks at
those experiences and actions, with which he is connected, through his particular
mode of life, while it is necessary for him to rise above this, and attain to a
purely human point of view, to be no longer connected with his own individual
circumstances. He must pass on to the contemplation of those things which
concern him as a human being, even though he dwell in a different condition and
different circumstances. In this way something is brought to birth within him
which rises beyond the personal point of view. Thus his gaze is directed to
higher worlds than those he knows in every-day life. And then he begins to feel
and realize that he belongs to these higher worlds about which his senses and his
daily occupations can tell him nothing. In this way he shifts the central point of
his being to the inner part of his nature. He listens to the voices within him
which speak to him in his moments of calm; and inwardly he cultivates an
intercourse with the spiritual world, which removes him from the every-day
world, whose voices he no longer hears. Around him there is silence. He puts
away from him all his external surroundings, and everything which even reminds
him of such external impressions. His entire soul is filled with calm, inward
contemplation and converse with the purely spiritual world. This calm
contemplation must become a necessity to the student. He is plunged completely
into a world of thought, and must develop an earnest desire for calm thinking.
He must learn to love the in-pouring of the spirit. Then he will learn to regard
this thought-world and its thought-forms as more real than the every-day things
which surround him, and he begins to deal with thoughts as with things existing
in space. And then the moment is at hand when the revelations of his quiet
thinking begin to seem much higher and more real than the things existing in
space. He discovers that this thought-world is an expression of life, and realizes
that thoughts are not mere phantoms, but that through them, beings, who were
hidden before, now speak to him. He begins to hear voices through the silence.
Formerly his ear was the only organ of hearing; now he can listen with his soul.
An inner language and an inner voice are revealed to him. It is a moment of
supremest ecstasy to the student when this experience first comes to him. An
inner light floods the whole external world for him, and he is "born anew."
Through his being passes a current from a divine world, bringing with it divine
bliss.
This thought-life of the soul, which is gradually widened into a life of spiritual
being, is designated by the Gnosis and by Theosophy as meditation
(contemplative thought). This meditation is the means by which supersensual
knowledge is attained. But during such moments the student must not be content
to give himself up to the luxury of sensation. He must not permit undefined
feelings to take possession of his soul. That would only hinder him from
attaining true spiritual knowledge. His thoughts must be clearly and sharply
defined, and he will be helped in this by not allowing himself to be carried away
blindly by the thoughts that spring up within him. Rather must he permeate his
mind with the lofty ideas which originated with advanced students to whom
inspiration has already come. Let him first of all study the wisdom which
originated in such moments of meditation. The student will find such in the
mystical, gnostic, and theosophical literature of our time, and will there gain the
material for his meditation. Wise men have inscribed in these books the thoughts
of divine science, or have proclaimed them to the world through their agents.
With firm step the student advances in life. No matter what it may bring him, he
goes forward erect. In the past he knew not why he worked and suffered, but
now he knows. It is obvious that such meditation is more likely to lead to the
goal, if conducted under the direction of experienced persons, who know
actually how everything may best be done. We should, therefore, seek the advice
and direction of such experienced guides (they are called Gurus in certain
schools of thought). What would otherwise be mere uncertain groping is
transformed by such direction into work that is sure of its goal. Those who apply
to the teachers having such knowledge and experience will never apply in vain.
They must, however, be quite sure that it is the advice of a friend they desire, not
the domination of a would-be ruler. Those who really know are always the most
modest of men, and nothing is further from their nature than what is called the
passion for power.
Those who, by means of meditation, rise to that which unites man with spirit, are
bringing to life within them the eternal element which is not limited by birth nor
death. Only those who have had no experience for themselves can doubt the
existence of this eternal element. Thus meditation becomes the way by which
man also attains to the recognition and contemplation of his eternal,
indestructible, essential being. And only through meditation can one attain to
such a view of life. Gnosis and Theosophy tell of the eternal nature of this
essential being, and of its reincarnation. The question is often asked: "Why does
a man know nothing of those experiences which lie beyond the borders of birth
and death?" Not thus should we ask, but rather: "How may we attain to such
knowledge?" The entrance to the Path is opened by right meditation. This alone
can revive the memory of events that lie beyond the borders of birth and death.
Everyone can attain to this knowledge; in each of us is the faculty of recognizing
and contemplating for ourselves the truths of Mysticism, Theosophy, and
Gnosis; but the right means must be chosen. Only a being with ears and eyes can
perceive tones and colors, nor can the eye perceive without the light by which
things are made visible. Occult science gives the means of developing the
spiritual ears and eyes, and kindling the spiritual light. There are, according to
esoteric teachers, three steps by which the goal may be attained: 1. Probation.
This develops the spiritual senses. 2. Enlightenment. This kindles the spiritual
light. 3. Initiation. This establishes intercourse with the higher spiritual beings.
The following teachings proceed from a secret tradition, but precise information
concerning its nature and its name cannot be given at present. They refer to the
three steps which, in the school of this tradition, lead to a certain degree of
initiation. But here we shall find only so much of this tradition as may be openly
declared. These teachings are extracted from a much deeper and more secret
doctrine. In the occult schools themselves a definite course of instruction is
followed, and in addition to this there are certain practices which enable the
souls of men to attain a conscious intercourse with the spiritual world. These
practices bear about the same relation to what will be imparted in the following
pages, as the teaching which is given in a well-disciplined school bears to the
instruction that may be received occasionally during a walk. And yet the ardent
and persevering search for what is here hinted at will lead to the way by which
one obtains access to a genuine occult school. But, of course, an impatient
perusal, devoid of sincerity and perseverance, can lead to nothing at all. He who
believes himself to be ready for more must apply to an occult teacher. The study
of these things can only be successful if the student will observe what has
already been written in previous chapters.
The stages which the above-mentioned tradition specifies are the following
three:
I. Probation,
II. Enlightenment,
III. Initiation.
It is not altogether necessary that these three stages should be so taken that one
must have quite completed the first before beginning the second, nor this in its
turn before commencing the third. With respect to certain things one can partake
of Enlightenment, and even of Initiation, while with others one is still in the
probationary stage. Yet it will be necessary to spend a certain time in this stage
of Probation before any Enlightenment at all can commence, and at least to some
degree one must be enlightened before it is possible even to enter upon the stage
of Initiation. In giving an account of them, however, it is necessary, for the sake
of clearness, that the three stages follow, one after another.
IV
PROBATION
The beginning of this cultivation is made by directing the attention of the soul to
certain events in the world that surrounds us. Such events are the germinating,
expanding, and flourishing of life in its myriad forms on the one hand, and, on
the other, the fading, decaying, and passing out of life from all things so far as
perceptible to the ordinary senses. Wherever we turn our eyes we can observe
these things happening simultaneously, and everywhere they naturally evoke in
men thoughts and feelings. But under ordinary circumstances a man fails to
grasp the importance of these sensations. He hurries on too quickly from
impression to impression. What is necessary, therefore, is that he should fix his
attention intently and quite consciously upon these phenomena. Wherever he
observes expansion and flourishing of a certain kind, he must banish everything
else from his soul, and entirely surrender himself for a short time to this one
impression. He will soon convince himself that a sensation which heretofore in a
similar case would have merely flitted through his soul, is now so magnified that
it becomes of a powerful and energetic nature. He should at once allow this
thought-form to reverberate throughout his whole being, yet quietly within
himself, and to do so he must become inwardly quite still. He should draw
himself away from the outward world, and follow only that which his soul tells
him.
Yet it must not be thought that we can make much progress if we blunt our
senses to the world. For, one must first contemplate these objects as keenly and
precisely as possible, and then give up to the sensations that result, and the
thoughts that arise within the soul. What is most important is, that one should
direct the attention, with perfect inner balance, upon both of these phenomena. If
one obtains the necessary quiet and surrenders himself to that which arises in the
soul, he will, in due time, experience many wonderful thoughts and feelings,
unknown to him before. Indeed, the more one fixes the attention in such a way,
alternately upon something growing, expanding, and flourishing, and upon
something else that is fading and decaying, the more vivid will these feelings
become. And just as natural forces evolve the physical eyes and ears of the
physical body, out of living matter, so will the organs of clairvoyance evolve
themselves from the spiritual feelings which are thus evoked. A definite thought-
form unites itself with the germinating and expanding object, and another,
equally definite, with that which is fading and decaying. But this will only take
place if the cultivation of these feelings be striven for in the way described.
It is possible to describe only approximately what these feelings are like. Indeed,
everyone must arrive at his own conception of them as he passes through these
inward experiences. He who has frequently fixes his attention on the phenomena
of germinating, expanding, and flourishing, will feel something remotely allied
to the sensation caused by witnessing a sunrise; and the phenomena of fading
and decaying will produce in him an experience comparable, in the same way, to
the gradual uprising of the moon on the horizon. Both these feelings are forces
which, when carefully cultivated, with a continually increasing improvement,
will lead to the greatest occult results. To him who again and again,
systematically and with design, surrenders himself to such feelings, a new world
is opened. The "Spiritual" world, the so-called "Astral plane," begins to dawn
upon him. Blooming and fading are facts which no longer make indefinite
impressions on him, as of old, but instead they form themselves into spiritual
lines and figures of which he had previously suspected nothing. And these lines
and figures have for the different phenomena different forms. A blooming
flower, an animal growing, a decaying tree, evoke in his soul definite lines. The
astral plane slowly broadens out before him. Its forms are not in any sense
arbitrary. For two students who find themselves at the same stage of
development will always see the same lines and figures under the same
conditions. Just as certainly as a round table will be seen as round by two normal
persons, not as round by the one and square by the other; so, too, before the
perception of two souls a blooming flower will present the same spiritual form.
And just as the shapes of animals and plants are described in ordinary natural
history, so, too, the teacher in an occult school describes and delineates the
spiritual forms of growing and decaying processes after their nature and species.
If the student has progressed so far that he can see such aspects of phenomena
which are also physically observable with his external eyes, he will then be not
far from the condition which will enable him to behold things that have no
physical existence, and must therefore remain entirely hidden to those who have
undergone no training in an occult school.
It should be emphasized that the occult explorer ought never to lose himself in
speculation on the meaning of this or that. By such intellectualizing he only
directs himself away from the right road. He ought to look out on the sense-
world freshly, with healthy senses and quickened observation, and then to give
himself up to his own sensations. He ought not to wish, in a speculative manner,
to make out what this or that means, but rather to allow the things themselves to
inform him.[7]
The occult student has also to bestow a further care on the world of sound. He
must discriminate between the tones which are produced from the so-called inert
(lifeless) bodies (for example, a bell, a musical instrument, or a falling mass),
and those which proceed from a living creature (an animal or a person). He who
hears the striking of a bell will receive the sound and attach to it a certain
sensation, but he who hears the cry of an animal will, in addition to this
sensation, become aware that the sound reveals also an inward experience of the
animal, either of pain or of pleasure. The student is concerned with the latter
aspect of the sound. He must concentrate his whole attention upon it, so that the
sound reveals to him something that lies outside of his own soul, and, more than
this, must merge himself in this exterior thing. He must closely connect his own
emotion with the pleasure or pain communicated to him by means of the sound,
and must care nothing whether the sound be pleasant or unpleasant to him,
welcome or not; his soul must be filled with only that which proceeds from the
creature out of whom the sound has come. He who systematically and
deliberately performs such exercises will develop within himself the faculty of
intermingling, as it were, with the creature from which the sound proceeded. A
person sensitive to music will find it easier to cultivate his spiritual life in this
respect than one who is unmusical, but no one should think that a mere sense of
music will take the place of this culture.
As an occult student, one must learn to contemplate the whole of nature in this
way. By so doing a new faculty is developed in the world of thought and feeling.
Through her manifold sounds the whole of Nature begins to whisper secrets to
the student. What hitherto was merely incomprehensible noise to his soul will
become by this means a coherent language of Nature. And whereas, hitherto, he
heard sound only from the resonance of so-called inanimate objects, he now
understands a new speech of the soul. Should he advance in this culture of the
soul, he will soon learn that he can hear what hitherto he did not even surmise.
He begins to hear with the soul.
One thing more must be added before we can reach the topmost point in this
direction. What is of special importance in the development of the student is the
way in which he hears the speech of other men. He must accustom himself to do
this in such a way that while doing so his inner self is absolutely still. If someone
expresses an opinion and another hears it, the inner self of the latter will be
stirring in general assent or contradiction. Many people in such a case feel
themselves urged to an expression of their assent, or, more especially, of their
contradiction. All such assent or contradiction must, in the occult student, be
silenced. It is not imperative that he should, therefore, quite suddenly begin to
make his life entirely different, in order that he may attain to this inward and
fundamental calm. He might, therefore, begin by doing so in special cases,
deliberately selected by himself. Thus quite slowly and by degrees will this new
way of listening creep into his habits, as of itself: In the occult schools these
things are systematically practiced. For the sake of practice the student is obliged
to listen for a certain period to the most contradictory thoughts, and at the same
time to suppress all assent, and more especially all adverse criticism. The point
is that in such a way not only all intellectual judgment is silenced, but also all
sense of displeasure, denial, or even acceptance. The student must be particularly
watchful that such feelings, even if they are not upon the surface, do not still
remain lurking in the innermost recesses of his soul. He must listen, for example,
to the statements of people who in some respects are far beneath him, and, while
so doing, suppress every feeling of greater knowledge or of superiority. It is
useful for everyone to listen in this way to children, for even the wisest may
learn very much from children. So does it come about that we hear the words of
others impersonally, completely divested of our own personality with its
opinions and feelings. He who thus makes a practice of listening uncritically,
even when a completely contradictory opinion is advanced, learns again and
again to blend himself, to become identified, with the being of another. He then
hears, as it were, through the words and into the souls of others. Through
continual exercise of this kind only, sound becomes the right medium for the
revelation of the spirit and the soul. Of course, it implies the strictest self-
discipline, but it leads to a high goal. When these practices are undertaken in
connection with those that deal with the sounds of Nature, the soul develops a
new sense of hearing. It is enabled to receive demonstrations from the spiritual
world which do not find their expression in outward sounds apprehensible by the
physical ear. The perception of the "inner word" awakens. Gradually truths from
the spiritual world reveal themselves to the student, and he hears them expressed
in a spiritual way.[8]
All high truths are attained through such "inner encouragement," and what we
hear from the lips of a genuine occult teacher has been experienced in this
manner. In so saying it must not be supposed that it is useless to acquaint oneself
with the writings on occult science, before one can actually gain this inner
encouragement. On the contrary, the reading of such writings, and the listening
to eminent teachers of occult lore, are themselves the means of attaining a
personal knowledge. Every sentence of the esoteric wisdom which one hears is
adapted to direct the senses to that point which must be attained before the soul
can experience a real advance. To the practice of all that has been indicated,
must be added an ardent study of what the occult teacher gives out to the world.
In all occult schools such a study belongs to the probationary period, and he who
would employ other methods will attain no goal if he omits the instructions of
the occult teacher, for inasmuch as these instructions proceed from an actual
"inner word," an actual "encouragement," they possess in themselves a spiritual
vitality. They are not mere words; they are living powers; and while you follow
the words of an occultist, while you read a book which comes from a genuine
inner experience, powers are at work in your soul which make you clairvoyant,
just as natural forces have created out of living matter your eyes and ears.
V
ENLIGHTENMENT.
If one sinks deeply into such thoughts, and while so doing observes the stone
and the animal with fixed attention, then there arise in the soul two separate
kinds of emotion. From the stone into the soul there streams one kind of
emotion, and from the animal, another. Probably in the beginning the experiment
will not succeed, but little by little, with genuine and patient practice, these
emotions become manifest. Again and again one should practice. At first the
emotions last only as long as the contemplation. Later on, they work afterwards,
and then they grow to something which remains alive in the soul. One then
needs only to reflect, and both emotions invariably arise, apart from all
contemplation of an external object.
Out of these emotions, and the thoughts which are bound up with them,
clairvoyant organs are formed. Should the plant be added to the contemplation,
one will notice that the feeling outflowing from it, both in its quality and in its
degree, lies between that which emanates from the stone and that from the
animal. The organs which are so formed are spiritual eyes. We learn by degrees
and through their means to see both astral and mental colors. As long as one has
attained only the condition described as Probation, the spiritual world with its
lines and figures remains dark, but through Enlightenment it will become clear.
It must be noted here that the words "dark" and "light," as well as the other
common expressions, only approximately describe what is really meant; for
language as usually understood is constructed to suit physical conditions alone.
Occult science describes what emanates from the stone and is seen by
clairvoyant eyes, as "blue" or "bluish-red," and that which is observed as coming
from the animal is described as "red" or "reddish-yellow." In reality they are
colors of a spiritual kind which are discerned. The color proceeding from the
plant is "green." Plants are just those natural phenomena whose qualities in the
higher worlds are similar to their qualities in the physical world, but it is not so
with stones and animals. It must now be clearly understood that the above-
mentioned colors only suggest the prevailing shades of the stone, the plant, or
the animal. In reality, all possible overtones exist, for every animal, every stone,
every plant has its own peculiar shade of color. In addition to these there are the
creatures of the higher worlds, who always incorporate themselves with colors
not their own, often marvellous, often horrible. In short, the variety of colors in
these higher worlds is immeasurably greater than in the physical world.
If a man has once acquired the faculty of seeing with spiritual eyes, he sooner or
later, meets with the beings here mentioned, some of them higher, some lower
than man himself; beings who never entered into physical existence.
When he has advanced thus far, the way to a great deal lies open before him; but
it is inadvisable to proceed further without an experienced guide. Indeed, for all
that has here been described, such experienced guidance is desirable, and he who
has the endurance to fulfil the elementary conditions of enlightenment, will
assuredly seek and discover his guide.
Under all circumstances it is important to give warning, and he who will not
heed it had better leave untrodden all the steps of occult science. It is necessary
that he who would become an occult student should lose none of his attributes as
a good and noble man, and one susceptible to all physical truths. Indeed,
throughout his apprenticeship he must continually increase his moral strength,
his inner purity, and his powers of observation. Let us give an example: During
the preliminary practices of Enlightenment, the student must be careful always to
be enlarging his sympathy with the animal and human worlds, and his sense of
nature's beauty. If he is not careful to do this he continually dulls both sense and
feeling; his heart grows cold and his sympathies dwarfed; which lead to perilous
results.
How enlightenment proceeds, in the sense of the foregoing practices, if one rises
from the stone, the plant, and the animal, up to man, and how, after
enlightenment, under all circumstances, the gentle hand of the Pilot comes on a
certain day, and leads to Initiation—of these things the next chapter will deal in
so far as it can and may do so.
In our time, the path to occult science is sought after by many. It is sought in
various ways, and many dangerous and even objectionable modes are practiced.
Therefore it is that those who know of the truth and dangers concerning these
things have allowed a greater portion of the occult training and the necessary
warning to be published. Only so much is here imparted as this permission
allows, and it is necessary that something of the truth should be known in order
that it may counteract the great danger of these errors. If nothing be forced, there
is no danger for him who follows the way already described; only one thing
should be noted: no one ought to spend more time or power upon such practices
than is at his disposal with due regard to his circumstances and his duties. No
one ought suddenly to change anything in the external conditions of his life. If
one desires genuine results, one must have patience; one should be able to cease
the practice after a few minutes, and then peacefully to continue one's daily
work, and no thought of these practices ought to be mingled with the work of the
day. He who has not learned to wait, in the best and highest sense of the word, is
of no use as an occult student, nor will he ever attain results of much real value.
There are many who leave the occult path soon after setting foot upon it, because
they are not immediately conscious of their own progress. And even when
higher experiences begin to dawn upon the seeker, he is apt to regard them as
illusions, because he had anticipated them quite differently. He loses courage,
either because he regards these first experiences as of no value, or because they
appear so insignificant that he has no hope of their leading to any appreciable
results within a measurable time. Courage and self-confidence are the two lamps
which must never be allowed to burn themselves out on the pathway to the
occult. He who cannot patiently repeat an exercise which has failed for an
apparently unlimited number of times, will never travel far.
Hence it is highly important to give the proper direction to thoughts and feelings,
in order that one may develop the perception of that which is invisible to a
person living the ordinary life. One of the ways by which this development may
be carried out will now be indicated. Again, like almost everything else we have
explained so far, it is quite a simple matter. Yet the results are of the greatest
consequence, if the experiment is carried out with perseverance, and in the right
frame of mind.
Place before you the small seed of a plant. It is then necessary, while
contemplating this significant object, to create with intensity the right kind of
thoughts, and through these thoughts to develop certain feelings. In the first
place, let the student clearly grasp what is really presented to his vision. Let him
describe to himself the shape, color, and all other qualities of the grain of seed.
Then let his mind dwell upon the following train of thought: "This grain of seed,
if planted in the soil, will grow into a plant of complex structure." Let him
clearly picture this plant to himself. Let him build it up in his imagination. And
then let him reflect that the object now existing only in his imagination will
presently be brought into actual physical existence by the forces of the earth and
of light. If the thing contemplated by him were an artificially-made object,
though such a close imitation of nature that no external difference could be
detected by human eyesight, no forces inherent in the earth or light could avail to
produce from it a plant. He who thoroughly grasps this thought and inwardly
assimilates it will also be able to form the following idea with the right feeling.
He will reasons thus: "That which is ultimately to grow out of this seed is
already, as a force, now secretly enfolded within it. The artificial duplicate of the
seed contains no such force. And yet both appear to be alike to my eyes. The real
seed, therefore, contains something invisible which is not present in the
imitation." It is this invisible something on which thought and feeling are now to
be concentrated.[10] Let the student fully realize that this invisible something will
later on translate itself into a visible plant, perceptible by him in shape and color.
Let him dwell upon the thought: "The invisible will become visible. If I could not
think, then I could not now realize, that which will become visible later on."
Particular stress must be laid on the importance of feeling with intensity that
which one thinks. In calmness of mind a single thought must be vitally
experienced within oneself to the exclusion of all disturbing influences.
Sufficient time must be taken to allow the thought, and the state of feeling
connected therewith, to become, as it were, imbedded in the soul. If that is
accomplished in the right way—possibly not until after numerous attempts—an
inward force will make itself felt. And this force will create new powers of
perception. The grain of seed will appear as if enclosed in a small luminous
cloud. The spiritualized vision of the student perceives it as a kind of flame. This
flame is of a lilac color in the centre, blue at the edges. Then appears that which
one could not see before, and which was created by the power of thought and
feeling brought into life within oneself. That which was physically invisible (the
plant which will not become visible until later on) has there revealed itself to the
spiritual eye.
It is pardonable if, to many men, all this appears to be mere illusion. Many will
say: "What is the value of such visions or such hallucinations?" And many will
thus fall away, and no longer continue to tread the path. But this is precisely the
important point—not to confuse, at this difficult stage of human evolution,
spiritual reality with the mere creations of phantasy, and to have the courage to
press manfully onward, instead of growing timorous and faint-hearted. On the
other hand, however, it is necessary to insist on the necessity of maintaining
unimpaired, and of perpetually cultivating, the healthy attitude of mind which is
required for the distinguishing of truth from illusion. Never during all these
exercises must the student surrender the fully conscious control of himself. He
must continue to think as soundly and sanely in these spiritual conditions as he
does with regard to the things and occurrences of ordinary life. It would be
unfortunate if he lapses into reveries. He must at every moment be clear-headed
and sober-minded and it would be the greatest mistake if the student, through
such practices, lost his mental equilibrium, or if he were prevented from judging
as sanely and clearly as before, the matters of work-a-day life. The disciple
should, therefore, examine himself again and again to find out whether he has
remained unaltered in relation to the circumstances among which he lives, or
whether perchance he has lost his mental balance. He must ever maintain a calm
repose within his own individuality, and an open mind for everything, being
careful at the same time not to drift into vague reveries or to experiment with all
sorts of exercises.
The lines for development here indicated, belong to those which have been
followed, and whose efficacy has been demonstrated in the schools of occultism
from the earliest ages, and none but such will here be given. Anyone attempting
to employ methods of meditation devised by himself, or which he may have
come across in the course of promiscuous reading will inevitably be led astray,
and will lose himself in a boundless morass of incoherent phantasies.
A further exercise which may succeed the one described above, is the following:
Let the disciple place himself in front of a plant which has attained the stage of
full development. Now let his mind be absorbed by the reflection that the time is
near at hand when this plant will wither and die. "Nothing," he should say to
himself, "nothing of what I now see before me will endure. But this plant will
have evolved seeds which in their turn will grow into new plants. Again I
become aware that in what I see something lies concealed which I cannot see. I
will fill my mind wholly with the thought that this plant-form with its colors will
cease to be. But the reflection that the plant has produced seeds teaches me that
it will not disappear into nothing. That which will prevent this disappearance, I
can at present no more see with my eyes than I could originally discern the plant
in the grain of seed. The plant, therefore, contains something which my eyes are
unable to see. If this thought fully lives in me, and combines with the
corresponding state of feeling, then, in due time, there will again develop a force
in my soul which will ripen into a new kind of perception." Out of the plant there
grows once more a flame-like appearance, which is, of course, correspondingly
larger than that which was previously described. This flame is greenish at the
centre, and is tinged with yellow at the outer edge.
He who has won this vision has gained greatly, inasmuch as he sees things, not
only in their present state of being, but also in their development and decay. He
begins to see in all things the spirit, of which the bodily organs of sight have no
perception, and he has taken the initial steps on that road, which will gradually
lead him to the solution, by direct vision, of the secret of birth and death. To the
outer senses, a being begins to exist at its birth, and ceases to exist at its death.
This, however, only appears to be so, because these senses are unable to
apprehend the concealed spirit. Birth and death are only, for this spirit,
transformations, just as the unfolding of the flower from the bud is a
transformation enacted before our physical eyes. But if one desires to attain to
direct perception of these facts, one must first awaken the spiritual vision by the
means here indicated.
An error fraught with serious consequences would result from the assumption
that the goal could be reached more simply by allowing the mind to dwell
merely on an imaginary plant or a grain of seed. It may be possible by such
means to evoke a force which would enable the soul to attain the inner vision.
But this vision will be, in most cases, a mere figment of the imagination, for the
main object is not to create arbitrarily a mental vision, but to allow the veritable
nature of things to form an image within one's mind. The truth must come up
from the depth of one's own soul, not at the call of one's ordinary self, but rather
must the objects of one's perception themselves exercise their magical power, if
one is to perceive their inner reality.
After the disciple has evolved, by such means, the rudiments of spiritual vision,
he may proceed to the contemplation of human nature itself. Simple appearances
of ordinary life must be chosen first. But before making any attempts in this
direction, it is imperative for the student to strive after an absolute sincerity of
moral character. He must banish all thoughts of ever using the insight to be
attained in these ways for his own selfish ends. He must be absolutely
determined that under no circumstances will he avail himself, in an evil sense, of
any power which he may gain over his fellow-creatures. This is the reason why
everyone who desires to gain direct insight into the secrets of human nature must
follow the golden rule of true Occultism. And the golden rule is this: For every
one step that you take in the pursuit of the hidden knowledge, take three steps in
the perfecting of your own character. He who obeys this rule can perform such
exercises as that which is now to be explained.
Begin by observing a person filled with a desire for some object. Direct your
attention to this desire. It is best to choose a time when this desire is at its height,
and when it is not yet certain whether the object of the desire will be attained or
not. Then surrender yourself entirely to the contemplation of that which you
observe, but maintain the utmost inner tranquility of soul. Make every endeavor
to be deaf and blind to everything that may be going on around you at the same
time, and bear in mind particularly that this contemplation is to evoke a state of
feeling in your soul. Allow this state of feeling to arise in your soul, like a cloud
rising on an otherwise cloudless horizon. It is to be expected, of course, that your
observation will be interrupted, because the person on whom it is directed will
not remain in this particular state of mind for a sufficient length of time.
Presumably you will fail in your experiment hundreds and hundreds of times. It
is simply a question of not losing patience. After many attempts you will
ultimately realize the state of feeling spoken of above as fast as the
corresponding mental phenomena pass through the soul of the person under
observation. After a time you will begin to notice that this feeling in your own
soul is evoking the power of spiritual vision into the psychical condition of the
other. A luminous image will appear in your field of vision. And this luminous
image is the so-called astral manifestation evoked by the desire-state when under
observation. Again we may describe this image as flame-like in appearance. It is
yellowish red in the centre and reddish-blue or lilac at the edges. Much depends
upon treating such experiences of the inner vision with great delicacy. It will be
best for you at first to talk of them to nobody except your teacher, if you have
one. The attempt to describe such appearances in appropriate words usually
leads to gross self-deception. One employs ordinary terms not applicable to such
purposes, and therefore much too gross and clumsy. The consequence is that
one's own attempt to clothe this vision in words unconsciously leads one to
blend the actual experience with an alloy of imaginary details. It is, therefore,
another important law for the occult inquirer that he should know how to
observe silence concerning his inner visions. Observe silence even towards
yourself. Do not endeavor to express in words that which you see, or to fathom it
with reasoning faculties that are inadequate. Freely surrender yourself to these
spiritual impressions without any mental reservations, and without disturbing
them by thinking about them too much. For you must remember that your
reasoning faculties were, at first, by no means equal to your faculties of
observation. You have acquired these reasoning faculties through experiences
hitherto confined exclusively to the world as apprehended by your physical
senses, and the faculties you are now acquiring transcend these experiences. Do
not, therefore, try to measure your new and higher perceptions by the old
standard. Only he who has already gained some certainty in his observation of
inner experiences ought to speak about them with the idea of thereby stimulating
his fellow-beings.
For the present, only these two examples can be given as to the methods by
which an insight into human nature may be achieved, but they will at least serve
to point out the way which must be followed. He who has gained the inner
tranquility and repose which are indispensable for such observations, will by so
doing, already have undergone a great transformation. This will soon reach the
point at which the increase of his spiritual worth will manifest itself in the
confidence and composure of his outward demeanor. Again, this alteration in his
demeanor will react favorably on his inner condition, and thus he will be able to
help himself further along the road. He will find ways of penetrating further and
further into those secrets of human nature, those hidden from our external
senses, and will then become qualified for a deeper insight into the mysterious
correlations between the nature of man, and all else that exists in the universe.
By following this path, the disciple will approach closer and closer to the day on
which he will be deemed worthy of taking the first steps of initiation; but before
these can be taken it is necessary to assure oneself of unflinching courage. At
first it may not be at all apparent to the student why it should be necessary, but
he cannot fail to be convinced of it in the end.
The forces at work in the world are both destructive and creative. The destiny of
manifested beings is birth and death. The Initiate is to behold this march of
destiny. The veil, which in the ordinary course of life clouds the spiritual eyes, is
to be uplifted, and the man is to see himself as one interwoven with these forces,
with this destiny. His own nature contains destructive and creative powers. As
undisguisedly as the other objects of his vision are revealed to the eye of the
seer, his own soul is bared to his gaze. In the face of this self-knowledge, the
disciple must not suffer himself to droop, and in this he will succeed only if he
has brought with him an excess of the necessary strength. In order that this may
be the case he must learn to maintain inner calm and confidence in the most
difficult circumstances; he must nourish within himself a firm faith in the
beneficent forces of existence. He must be prepared to find that many motives
which have actuated him hitherto will actuate him no longer. He must needs
perceive that he has hitherto often thought or acted in a certain manner, because
he was still in the toils of ignorance. Reasons which formerly influenced him
will now disappear. He has done many things out of personal vanity; he will now
perceive how utterly futile all such vanity is in the eyes of the Initiate. He has
done much from motives of avarice; he will now be aware of the destructive
effect of all avariciousness. He will have to develop entirely new springs for his
thought and action, and it is for this that courage and fearlessness are required.
INITIATION
The knowledge and power which are conferred upon a man through Initiation
could not be obtained in any other manner except in some far distant future, after
many incarnations, on quite another road and in quite another form. He who is
initiated to-day experiences something which he would otherwise have to
experience at a much later period and under quite different circumstances.
It is right that a person should learn only so much of the secrets of nature as
correspond to his own degree of development, and for this reason alone do
obstacles bar his way to complete knowledge and power. People should not be
trusted with the use of fire-arms until they have had enough experience to make
it certain that they will not use them mischievously or without care. If a person,
without the necessary preparation, were initiated to-day, he would still lack those
experiences which, in the normal course of his development, would come to him
in the future during other incarnations and would then bring with them the
corresponding secrets. At the door of Initiation these experiences must,
therefore, be supplied in some other way, and in their place the candidate has to
undergo the preliminary teaching. These are so-called "trials" which have to be
passed. These trials are now being discussed in various books and magazines,
but, owing to the very nature of such discussion, it is not surprising that quite
false impressions are received concerning them. For those who have not already
gone through the periods of Probation and Enlightenment know nothing of these
trials, and consequently cannot appropriately describe them.
Certain matters or subjects connected with the higher worlds are produced
before the candidate, but he is able to see and hear these only when he can
perceive clearly the figures, tones, and colors, for which he has been prepared by
the teachings on Probation and Enlightenment.
For some people the every day ordinary life is a more or less unconscious
process of initiation by means of the Fire-Trial. These persons are those who
have passed through a wealth of developing experiences, and who find that their
self-confidence, courage, and fortitude have been greatly augmented in a normal
way—who have learned to bear sorrow and disappointment, from the failure of
their undertakings, with greatness of mind, and especially with quiet and
unbroken strength. Those who have gone through such experiences are often
initiates, without knowing it, and it needs but little to open for them the spiritual
hearing and sight—to make them clairvoyant. For it must be noted that a genuine
Fire-Trial is not merely intended to satisfy the curiosity of the candidate. He
would learn, undoubtedly, many unusual things, of which others, devoid of such
experiences, can have no idea; but yet this knowledge is not the end nor aim, but
merely the path to the end. The real aim and object is this—that the candidate
shall acquire for himself, through this knowledge of the higher worlds, a greater
and truer self-confidence, a higher and nobler courage, and a perseverance, an
attitude of mind, altogether different from what he could have obtained in the
lower world.
After the Fire-Trial a candidate may turn from the school; but because he has
gone thus far he will accomplish his ordinary life work, greatly strengthened in
all his spiritual and physical relations, and in his next incarnation he will
continue to seek further initiation and advancement. In his present life, at all
events, he will prove himself a more useful member of society, will be of greater
service to humanity than he was before, and in whatever position he may find
himself, his firmness, prudence, and favorable influence over his fellows will
have greatly increased.
After coming out of the Fire-Trial, if he should wish to continue in the occult
school, he then has to be instructed in a certain writing-system which is used by
those in the school. Occult teachings are written in this occult writing-system,
because what is really occult can neither be perfectly spoken of in words of our
ordinary speech, nor set forth in the ordinary ways of writing. Those who have
learned much from the Initiates can but partially translate the teachings of
Occultism into terms of ordinary speech.
The symbols or signs of the secret script are not arbitrarily invented or imagined,
but correspond to powers which are active and efficacious in nature. It is through
these symbols or signs that one learns the language of such matters. The
candidate immediately sees for himself that these symbols correspond to the
figures, tones and colors which he has learned to perceive during the periods of
Probation and Enlightenment. He now understands that all which went before
was like learning how to spell, and that only now does he begin to read in the
higher worlds. All that appeared to him before as separate figures, tones and
colors, is now revealed to him as a perfect unity, a coherent harmony, and here,
for the first time, he attains a real certainty in observing and following the higher
knowledge. Hitherto it was not possible for him to be sure that what he saw had
been clearly or correctly perceived. Now, at last, it is possible that a correct
understanding between the candidate and the Initiate begin to arise concerning
the spheres of the higher worlds. For no matter how close the connection
between the two may be, no matter what form their intercourse may take in
ordinary life, the Initiate can only communicate to the candidate, on these
planes, in the direct form or figures of the secret alphabet.
Through this occult speech the student also learns certain rules of conduct for
life, certain duties and obligations, of which, previously, he knew nothing
whatever. When he learns to know these rules, he is able to perform actions
which have a significance and a meaning such as the actions of another who is
not initiated can never possess. The only point of view from which he is now
able to look upon things; the only plane from which he can now make manifest
his deeds, is that of the higher worlds and the instructions concerning such deeds
can only be read, or understood, in the secret script.
Yet it must be clearly understood and emphasized that there are persons who,
unconsciously, have the ability or faculty of performing these actions,
notwithstanding they have never been in an occult school. Such "helpers of
humanity and the world" proceed blessedly and beneficently through life. There
are certain fundamental reasons, which cannot be here discussed, why they are in
possession of seemingly supernatural gifts. The only difference between these
persons and the pupils of an occult school is that the former act unconsciously,
while the latter work with a full knowledge, insight, judgment, and
understanding of the entire matter in hand. Often the candidate has to win by
training that which has been bestowed by a Higher Power upon his fellow, for
the good of humanity. One should freely and openly honor these favored ones of
God; but he should not, on their account, consider the work of the occult schools
unnecessary or superfluous.
Now that the student has learned the "Mystery language," there awaits him yet
another trial. By this he must prove whether he can move with freedom and
certainty in the higher worlds. In ordinary life a man will be impelled to actions
by outward motives and conditions. He works at this or that because certain
duties are imposed upon him by outward circumstances. It need hardly be
mentioned that the occult student must in no way neglect any of the duties
connected with his ordinary life because he is a student in an occult school and
in the higher worlds. None of his duties there can constrain him to treat with
inattention or carelessness any one of his duties in the lower world. The father
will remain just as good a father to his family, the mother just as good a mother;
and neither the officer nor the soldier, nor anyone else, will be detained from
their necessary duties because they are students in Occultism. On the contrary,
all the qualities which make capable men are increased to a degree of which the
uninitiated can form no idea. That this may not always appear to be the case is
due merely to the fact that they have not always the ability to correctly judge or
criticize the Initiate. The deeds of the latter are not always entirely intelligible to
the former. But, as we have said before, this only happens in certain cases.
For him who has arrived at the so-called "Steps of Initiation," there are new
duties to be performed to which no outer stimulus is given. He will be moved to
do these things by no external pressure, but by those rules of conduct which have
been communicated to him in the mystery-language. In this second trial he must
prove that, led by such rules of conduct, he can act from inner promptings just as
firmly as an officer performs his obligatory duties. For this purpose the teacher
will set before the pupil certain definite tasks. The latter now has to perform
some deed in consequence of observations made from the total of what he
learned during Probation and Enlightenment. He has to find the way to what he
is now to perform, by means of the mystery-language, which by this time is
familiar to him. If he discerns his duty and executes it correctly, he has endured
the trial, and he recognizes the success, which attends the fulfilment of the task,
by the changed manner with which the spiritual eyes and ears now apprehend the
figures, tones and colors. The occult teacher tells him distinctly how these must
appear after the consummation of the trial, and the candidate must know how he
can effect this change. This trial is known as the "Water-Trial," because, in
consequence of its performance taking place on the higher planes, that support,
which would otherwise have been received from outward conditions, is now
taken away. One's movements are like those which are made in water by
someone learning to swim, and his feelings are those of one having no support
except his own efforts. This practice must be often repeated until the candidate
attains absolute poise and assurance.
These trials are also dependent upon a quality which is produced by his
experiences in the higher worlds. The candidate cultivates this quality to an
extent which he could not possibly reach in so short a time while developing in
the ordinary way, but could attain only after many incarnations. In order to bring
about the change here mentioned, the following condition is necessary: The
candidate must be guided altogether by what has been proven to him by the
cultivation of his higher faculties, by the results of his reading in the secret
symbols.
Should he, during these experiences, attempt to introduce any of his own
opinions or desires, or should he diverge for one moment from the laws and rules
which he has proved to be right, something quite other than that which is
expected will occur. In such cases the candidate loses sight of the goal for which
these matters are undertaken, and the result is confusion. He has, therefore,
manifold opportunities, during these trials, for the development of self-control,
and this, indeed, is the principal quality needed. These trials are, therefore, much
more easily endured by those who, before initiation, have gone through a life
which has enabled them to acquire command of themselves. Those who have
developed the characteristic of following their higher principles and ideals
without thought of personal honor or desire, who always discern the duty to be
fulfilled, even though the inclinations and sympathies are too often ready to lead
them another way, are already unconscious initiates in the midst of every day
life. They need but little to enable them to succeed in the prescribed trials.
Indeed, one may say that a certain measure of initiation, thus unconsciously
acquired in life, will be absolutely necessary before entering upon the second
trial. For even as many who during youth have not learned to write or spell, find
much difficulty in learning to do so in later years, so is it also difficult to
develop, merely from a knowledge of the higher worlds, the necessary degree of
self-control, if one has not already acquired a certain measure of it in the course
of ordinary life.
The things of the physical world do not alter by merely desiring them to do so,
but in the higher worlds our wishes, inclinations and desires are causes that
produce effects. If we wish to bring about particular changes in these worlds, we
must hold ourselves in absolute control, we must follow the right principle, must
entirely subdue the personal will.
People whose mode of thought inclines them to phantasy, prejudice and so forth,
can make no progress on the occult way. Yet be not dismayed—there is, in truth,
a glorious treasure that the persistent occult student shall attain. All doubt as to
the higher worlds will be taken away from him. In all their law they will reveal
themselves to his gaze, but so long as he is blindfolded he cannot see these
heights and compensations. It is, indeed, unfortunate for him if illusions and
fallacies ran away with his intellect and reason. Dreamers and people inclined to
phantasies, are as unfit for the occult path as are superstitious people; for in
dreams, illusions and superstitions lurk the most dangerous enemies on the road
to knowledge. Because the candidate has already seen upon the portals that
opened to him the first trial, the words, "Without a normal common-sense all
your efforts are in vain;" and upon the gateway, which leads to the second trial,
"All prejudices must fall away," it is not necessary to think that the capacity for
inspiration and enthusiasm, and all the poetry of life, is lost to the student of
Occultism.
In this, as in the other stages before mentioned, every day life itself can, for
many people, be an occult school. Those who have reached the point of being
able to act without delay or personal consideration and can make prompt
resolutions when suddenly confronted with some task or problem demanding
immediate action, have, indeed, undergone their occult schooling in daily life.
The situation which one wishes to suggest is one in which a successful action is
impossible unless the person concerned grasps the whole matter and acts at once.
He is quick to act when misfortune is in sight, while a moment's hesitation might
lead to a catastrophe; and he who possesses the qualities which can be developed
into a permanent attribute of such a kind, has already evolved, unknown to
himself, the degree of ripeness necessary for the third trial. For, as already
remarked, at this stage all depends upon the development of presence of mind.
In the occult schools this trial is known as the "Air-Trial," because while
undergoing it, the candidate cannot support himself either upon the firm ground,
or any external cause, or that which he has learned in Probation and
Enlightenment—from the figures and tones and colors, but solely upon himself.
If the occult student has endured these trials, he is then permitted to enter "the
Temple of the Higher Wisdom." All that can be said further upon this subject can
be given out only in the smallest hints and suggestions. The responsibility of the
next step has so often been illy expressed by words, that many say the pupil has
here to take an "oath," promising to betray nothing that comes from the teacher.
However, these expressions, "oath" and "betrayal," are in no way appropriate,
and are misleading.
It is no oath, in the ordinary sense of the word, but is rather an experience that
comes at this stage. Here the candidate appreciates the true value of the occult
teachers, and their place in the service of humanity. At last he begins to
understand the world correctly. It is not so much a matter of "withholding" the
higher truths already learned, but much more of upholding them in the right way
and with the necessary tact. That concerning which one learns to "keep silence"
is something quite different. One gains possession of this fine attribute in regard
to many things of which one had previously spoken, and especially in regard to
the manner in which one has spoken of them. Yet he would be a poor Initiate
who did not place all his mystical experiences, as adequately and as far-
reachingly as possible, at the service of humanity. The sole obstacle in such
matters is the misunderstanding of the person who receives the communication.
Above all, the higher or occult secrets are not allowed to be spoken of
promiscuously, but no one who has passed the steps of development above
described, is it actually forbidden to speak of these matters. No one is asked for a
negative oath, but everything is entrusted to the judgment, integrity and sense of
responsibility of the candidate for Initiation. What one really learns is to find
out, within oneself, what should be done under all circumstances, and the "oath"
means nothing more than this, that one is found qualified to be entrusted with
matters of such importance.
If the candidate is found fit, he is then given what is called, symbolically, "the
draught of forgetfulness." This means that he will be initiated into the secret
knowledge enabling him to act without being continually disturbed by the lower
memory. This is absolutely necessary for the Initiate, for he must possess full
faith in the immediate present. He must be able to destroy that veil of memory
which extends itself round humanity more and more thickly with every moment
of life.
If a man carries out the culture of his thoughts and feelings and emotions in the
way already described in the chapters on Probation, Enlightenment, and
Initiation, he then effects a change in his soul such as Nature has effected in his
body. Before this training, soul and spirit are undifferentiated masses. In such a
state the clairvoyant will perceive them as interlacing clouds, rotating spirally,
and having usually a dull glimmer of reddish or reddish-brown color, or,
perhaps, of reddish-yellow; but after this growth they begin to assume a brilliant
yellowish-green or yellow-blue hue, and become of a regular structure. A man
attains such regularity of structure, and at the same time the higher knowledge,
when he brings into the realm of his thoughts, feelings and emotions, an order,
such as Nature has brought into his bodily organs, by means of which he can see,
hear, digest, breathe, speak and so forth. Gradually the student learns, as it were,
to breathe, to see with the soul, and to speak and hear with the spirit.
In the following pages a few of the practical points pertaining to the higher
education of the soul and spirit will be more fully treated. They are such as may
be practically attained by anyone without additional instruction, and by means of
which a further step in occult science may be taken.
All curiosity must fall away from the student. He must wean himself as much as
possible from inquiries into matters of which he wishes to know only for the
gratification of his personal thirst for superficial information. He must ask
himself only what things will assist him in the perfection of his innermost being
for the service of the general evolution. Nevertheless, his delight in knowledge
and his devotion to it must in no degree become relaxed. He must listen devoutly
to all that contributes to such an end, and should seek every opportunity of doing
so.
For this interior culture it is especially necessary that the desire-life should be
carefully educated. One must not become wholly destitute of desire, for if we are
to accomplish something it is necessary that we should desire it, and a desire will
always be fulfilled if a certain special force is behind it. This particular force
results from a right knowledge: "Do not desire at all until you know the true
conditions of any sphere." That is one of the golden rules for the occult student.
The wise man first ascertains the laws of the world, and then his desires become
powers which realize themselves. Let us consider an example in which the effect
is evident. There are certainly many who would like to learn from their own
intuition something about their life before birth. Such a desire is altogether
aimless, and leads to no result so long as the person in question has not acquired
a knowledge of the laws that govern the nature of the Eternal, and a knowledge
of them in their subtlest and most intimate character. But if he has actually
acquired this knowledge and then wishes to pass onward, he is able to do so by
his elevated and purified desire.
From one's anger or vexation arises an adverse condition in the spiritual world,
so that those forces which would open the eyes of the soul are turned away. For
example, if someone should annoy me, he sends forth a current into the world of
the soul. So long as I allow myself to be annoyed, I cannot see this current. My
own annoyance clouds it. But from this it must not be supposed that when I no
longer feel annoyed I will see the astral vision. To see an astral vision it is
indispensable that the eye of the soul should already be developed; but the
capacity for sight of this kind is latent in everyone. And again it is true that
during the development, so long as one can be annoyed the sight remains
inactive; nor does it present itself immediately, when one has overcome to a
small extent this feeling of annoyance. One must continually persevere in the
struggle with such a feeling, and patiently make progress: then, some day, he
will find that this eye of the soul has become fully developed. Of course
annoyance is not the only quality with which we have to struggle before
attaining this end. Many people grow impatient or sceptical, because they have
for years cultivated certain qualities of the soul and yet clairvoyance has not
ensued. They have developed only a few qualities and have allowed others to run
wild. The gift of clairvoyance first manifests itself when all those qualities which
do not permit the development of the latent faculties are suppressed.
Undoubtedly the beginnings of such hearing and seeing may appear at an earlier
period, but these are only young and tender shoots which are subject to all
possible error, and which, if they be not carefully fostered, may quickly die.
The qualities which have to be combated, in addition to anger and vexation, are
such as ambition, timidity, curiosity, superstition, conceit, the disease of
prejudice, idle love of gossip, and the making of distinctions in regard to human
beings according to the merely outward marks of rank, sex, race, and so forth. In
our time it is difficult for people to comprehend that the combating of such
qualities can have any connection with an increase of capacity for knowledge.
But every devotee of Occultism is aware that much more depends upon such
matters than upon the expansion of the intellect or the employment of artificial
practices. It is particularly easy for a misunderstanding of this point to arise,
inasmuch as many believe that one should cultivate foolhardiness because one
must be fearless, and that one should ignore altogether the differences in men
because one has to combat the prejudices of race, rank, and so forth. Rather
should one first learn to appreciate these differences correctly, then one is no
longer entangled in prejudice. Even in the usual sense it is true that a fear of any
phenomenon hinders one from estimating it rightly; that a race-prejudice
prevents one from looking into a man's soul. The student of Occultism must
bring his common-sense to perfection in all its exactitude and subtlety.
Even everything that a man says without having clearly thought it out will place
an obstacle in the path of his occult education. At the same time we must here
consider one point which can only be elucidated by giving an example. Thus, if
anyone should say something to which another must reply, the one replying
should be careful to consider the intention, the feelings, even the prejudices of
this other person, rather than what he has to say at the moment on the subject
under discussion. In other words, the student must apply himself keenly to the
cultivation of a certain fine tact. He must learn to judge how much it may mean
to this other person if his opinion be opposed. It must not be imagined for a
moment that he ought for this reason, to withhold his own opinion. One must
give to the questioner as careful a hearing as possible, and from what one has
heard, formulate one's own reply. In such cases there is a certain thought which
will constantly recur to the student, and he is treading the true path if this
thought becomes so vital within him that it grows into a trait of his character.
The thought is as follows: "It matters little whether my view be different from
his, the vital point is whether he will discover the right view for himself if I am
able to contribute something towards it." By thoughts of such a kind, the mode
of action and the character of the student will become permeated with
gentleness, one of the most essential qualities for the reception of occult
teaching. Harshness obscures that internal image which ought to be evoked by
the eye of the soul, while by gentleness many obstacles are cleared from the way,
and the inner organs opened.
Along with this gentleness another trait will presently be developed in the soul.
He will make a quiet estimate of all the subtleties in the soul-life around him,
without considering the emotions of his own soul. And if this condition has been
attained, the soul-emotions in the environment of others will have such an effect
on him that the soul within him grows, and, growing, becomes organized, as a
plant expands in the sunlight. Gentleness, quiet reserve, and true patience, open
the soul to the world of souls, and the spirit to the realm of spirits. Persevere in
repose and retirement; close the senses to that which they brought you before
you began your training; bring into utter stillness all those thoughts which, in
accordance with your previous habits, were tossed up and down within you;
become quite still and silent within, wait in patience, and then the tranquil higher
worlds will begin to develop the sight of your soul and the hearing of your spirit.
Do not suppose that you will immediately see and hear in the worlds of soul and
spirit, for all that you are doing does but help the development of your higher
senses, and you will not be able to see with the soul and to hear with the spirit
before you have to some degree acquired those senses. When you have
persevered for a time in repose and retirement, then go about your daily affairs,
having first impressed upon your mind the thought: "Some day, when I am
ready, I shall attain what I am to attain." Finally: "Make no attempt whatever to
attract any of these higher powers to yourself by an effort of the will." These are
instructions which every occult student receives from his teacher at the entrance
of the way. If he observes them, he then improves himself; and if he does not
observe them, all his labor is in vain; but they are difficult of achievement for
him only who has not patience and perseverance. No other obstacles exist save
those which one places for oneself, and these may be avoided by anyone if he
really wills it. It is necessary to continually insist upon this point, because many
people form an altogether wrong conception of the difficulty that lies in the path
of Occultism. In a certain sense, it is easier to accomplish the earlier steps of the
occult way, than it is for one who has received no instruction, to get rid of the
difficulties of one's every-day life. In addition to this, it must be understood that
only such things are here imparted as are attended by no danger to the health of
soul or body. There are certain other ways which lead more quickly to the goal,
but it is not well to treat of them publicly, because they may sometimes have
certain effects on a man which would necessitate the immediate intervention of
an experienced teacher, and in any case would require his continual supervision.
Now, as something about these quicker ways frequently forces itself into
publicity, it becomes necessary to give express warning against entering upon
them without personal guidance. For reasons which only the initiated can
understand, it will never be possible to give public instruction concerning these
other ways in their true form, and the fragments which here and there make their
appearance can never lead to anything profitable, but may easily result in the
undermining of health, fortune and peace of mind. He who does not wish to put
himself in the power of certain dark forces, of whose nature and origin he may
know nothing, had far better avoid meddling in such matters.
The adept in Occultism could, indeed, say much concerning these paths—much
that might seem strange to an uninitiated hearer. For example, suppose that
someone has advanced far along the occult path, and wholly unaware of his
nearness, may be standing at the entrance to the sight of the soul and the hearing
of the spirit, and then he has the good fortune to pass peacefully into its very
presence, and a bandage falls away from the eyes of his soul. Suddenly he can
see—his vision is attained! Another, it may be, has advanced so far that this
bandage needs only to be loosened, and by some stroke of destiny this occurs.
For another one this very stroke might actually have the effect of paralyzing his
powers and undermining his energy, but for the occult student it becomes the
occasion of his enlightenment. Perhaps a third has patiently persevered for years,
and without any marked result. Suddenly, while tranquilly seated in his quiet
chamber, light envelops him, the walls become transparent, they vanish away,
and a new world expands before his opened eyes, or is audible to his awakened
spirit.
VIII
To him who does not remember this it is easy for the claims of the occult teacher
to seem a coercion of the soul or the conscience; for the training here mentioned
is founded on a development of the inner life, and it is the work of the teacher to
give advice concerning it. And yet, if something be demanded as the result of
free choice, it cannot be considered as a fetter. If anyone says to the teacher:
"Give me your secrets, but leave me my customary feelings and thoughts," he is
then making an impossible demand. Such an one desires no more than to satisfy
his curiosity and thirst for sensations, so that by one who takes an attitude like
this, occult knowledge can never be obtained.
Let us now consider in their right order the conditions of discipleship. It should
be emphasized that the complete fulfilment of any one of these conditions is by
no means demanded, but only the effort to gain such fulfilment. No one can at
first reach these high ideals, but the path which leads to their fulfilment may be
entered by everyone. It is the will that matters, the attitude taken when entering
the path.
It is especially important for the disciple to strive after complete spiritual health.
In any case, an unhealthy emotional or thought-life leads one away from the path
of higher knowledge. The foundations here consist of clear, calm thinking,
reliable conceptions, and stable feelings. Nothing should be more alien to the
disciple than an inclination toward a whimsical, excitable life, toward
nervousness, intoxication, and fanaticism. He should acquire a healthy outlook
on all circumstances of life; he should go through life steadily and should let
things act on him and speak to him in all tranquillity. Wherever it is possible he
should endeavor to do justice to life. Everything in his tastes and criticisms
which is one-sided or extravagant ought to be avoided. If this be not so, the
disciple will strand himself in a world of his own imagination, instead of
attaining the higher worlds, and in place of truth his own favorite opinions will
assert themselves. It is better for the disciple to be "matter-of-fact" than
overwrought and fanciful.
2. The second condition is that one should feel oneself as a link in the general
life. Much is included in the fulfilment of this condition, but each can only fulfil
it after his own manner. If I am a school teacher and my pupil does not answer
what is desired of him, I must first direct my feeling not against the pupil but to
myself. I ought to feel myself so much at one with my pupil that I ask myself:
"May not that in the pupil which does not satisfy my demand be perhaps the
result of my own faults?" or if perchance it be his unconscious, or even vicious
error, as teacher, instead of directing my feelings against him, I shall rather
cogitate on the way in which I myself ought to behave, or in kindness show him
what is right, so that he may in the future be better able to satisfy my demands.
From such a manner of thinking there will come gradually a change over the
whole mental attitude. This holds good for the smallest as well as for the
greatest. From this point of view I look on a criminal, for instance, altogether
differently from the way I should have looked upon him of old. I suspend my
judgment and think to myself: "I am only a man as he is. Perhaps the education
which, owing to favorable circumstances, has been mine, and nothing else, has
saved me from a similar fate." I may even come to the conclusion that if the
teachers who took pains with me had done the same for him, this brother of mine
would have been quite different. I shall reflect on the fact that something which
has been withheld from him has been given to me, and that I may, perhaps, owe
my goodness to the fact that he has been thus deprived of it. And then will it no
longer be difficult to grasp the conception that I am a link in the whole of
humanity, and that consequently I, too, in part, bear the responsibility for
everything that happens. By this it is not implied that such a thought should be
translated immediately into external action. It should be quietly cultivated in the
soul. It will then express itself gradually in the outward behavior of a person, and
in such matters each can begin only by reforming himself. It were futile, from
such a standpoint, to make general claims on all humanity. It is easy to form an
idea of what men ought to be, but the disciple works, not on the surface, but in
the depths. And, therefore, it would be wrong if one should endeavor to bring
these demands of the occult teacher into relation with any external or political
claims. As a rule, political agitators know well what can be demanded of other
people, but they say little of demands on themselves.
3. Now with these demands on ourselves the third condition for occult training is
intimately connected. The student must be able to realize the idea that his
thoughts and feelings are as important for the world as his deeds. It must be
recognized that it is as pernicious to hate a fellow-being as to strike him. One
can then discern also that by perfecting oneself one accomplishes something not
only for oneself but for the whole world. The world profits by pure thoughts and
feelings as much as by one's good behavior, and so long as one cannot believe in
this world-wide importance of the inner Self, one is not fit for discipleship. One
is permeated with a true conception of the soul's importance, only when one
works at this inner Self as if it were at least as important as all external things. It
must be admitted that one's feelings produce an effect as much as the action of
the hand.
4. In so saying we have already mentioned the fourth condition: the idea that the
real being of man does not lie in the exterior but in the interior. He who regards
himself as merely a product of the outer world, a result of the physical world,
cannot succeed in this occult training. But he who is able to realize this
conception is then also able to distinguish between inner duty and external
success. He learns to recognize that the one cannot at once be measured by the
other. The student must learn for himself the right position between what is
demanded by his external conditions and what he recognizes to be the right
conduct for himself. He ought not to force upon his environment anything for
which it can have no appreciation, but at the same time he must be altogether
free from the desire to do merely what can be appreciated by those around him.
In his own sincere and wisdom-seeking soul, and only there, must he look for the
recognition of his truths. But from his environment he must learn as much as he
possibly can, so that he may discern what those around him need, and what is of
use to them. In this way he will develop within himself what is known in
Occultism as the "spiritual balance." On one side of the scales there lies a heart
open for the needs of the outward world, and on the other lies an inner fortitude
and an unfaltering endurance.
5. And here, again, we have hinted at the fifth condition: firmness in the carrying
out of any resolution when once it has been made. Nothing should induce the
disciple to deviate from any such resolution once it is formed, save only the
perception that he has made a mistake. Every resolution is a force, and even if
such a force does not produce immediate effect on the point at which it was
directed, nevertheless it works in its own way. Success is of great importance
only when an action arises from desire, but all actions which are rooted in desire
are worthless in relation to the higher worlds. There the love expended on an
action is alone of importance. In this love, all that impels the student to perform
an action ought to be implanted. Thus he will never grow weary of again and
again carrying out in action some resolution, even though he has repeatedly
failed. And in this way he arrives at the condition in which he does not first
count on the external effect of his actions, but is contented with the doing of
them. He will learn to sacrifice for the world his actions, nay, more, his whole
being, without caring at all how his sacrifice may be received. He who wishes to
become a disciple must declare himself ready for such a sacrifice, such an
offering.
6. A sixth condition is the development of a sense of gratitude with regard to
everything which relates to Man. One must realize that one's existence is, as it
were, a gift from the entire universe. Only consider all that is needed in order
that each of us may receive and maintain his existence! Consider what we owe to
Nature and to others than ourselves! Those who desire an occult training must be
inclined toward thoughts like these, for he who cannot enter into such thoughts
will be incapable of developing within himself that all-inclusive love which it is
necessary to possess before one can attain to higher knowledge. That which we
do not love cannot manifest itself to us. And every manifestation must fill us
with gratitude, or we ourselves are not the richer for it.
7. All the conditions here set forth must be united in a seventh: to regard life
continually in the manner demanded by these conditions. The student thus makes
it possible to give to his life the stamp of uniformity. All his many modes of
expression will, in this way, be brought into harmony, and cease to contradict
each other. And thus he will prepare himself for the peace which he must attain
during the preliminary steps of his training.
External forms are regarded as worthless by those only who do not know that the
internal must find expression in the external. It is true that it is the spirit and not
the form that really matters; but just as the form is void without the spirit, so
would the spirit remain inactive as long as it could not create a form.
The stipulated conditions are so designed that they may render the disciple
strong enough to fulfil the further demands which the teacher must make. If he
be faulty in the fulfilment of these conditions, then before each new demand he
will stand hesitating. Without this fulfilment he will be lacking in that faith in
man which it is necessary for him to possess; for on faith in man and a genuine
love for man, all striving after truth must be founded. And the love of man must
be slowly widened out into a love for all living creatures, nay, indeed, for all
existence. He who fails to fulfil the conditions here given will not possess a
perfect love for all up-building, for all creation, nor a tendency to abstain from
all destruction and annihilation as such. The disciple must so train himself that,
not in deeds only, but also in words, thoughts and feelings, he will never destroy
anything for the sake of destruction. He must find his pleasure in the growing
and creating aspect of things, and is only justified in assisting the apparent
destruction of anything when, by such readjustment, he is able to promote a
greater life. Let it not be thought that, in so saying, it is implied that the disciple
may allow the triumph of evil, but rather that he must endeavor to find, even in
the bad, those aspects through which he may change it into good. He will see
more and more clearly that the best way to combat imperfection and evil is by
the creation of the perfect and the good. The student knows that nothing can
come from nothing, but also that the imperfect may be changed into the perfect.
He who develops in himself the tendency to create, will soon find the capacity
for facing the evil.
He who enters an occult school must be quite sure that his intention is to
construct and not to destroy. The student ought, therefore, to bring with him the
will for sincere and devoted work, and to this end he ought to be capable of great
devotion, for one should be anxious to learn what one does not yet know; he
should look reverently on that which discloses itself. Work and devotion,—these
are the fundamental attributes which must be claimed from the disciple. Some
will have to discover that they do not make real progress in the school, even if in
their own opinion they are unceasingly active; they have not grasped in the right
manner the meaning of work and meditation. That kind of learning which is
undertaken without meditation will advance the student least, and the work
which is done for selfish returns will be the least successful. In the love of work,
the love to do better work; yes, the love to do perfect work, is the quality which
unfolds occult power; and in qualifying for better things one need give little heed
for greater returns. If he who is learning seeks for wholesome thoughts and
sound judgment, he need not spoil his devotion with doubts and suspicions.
The fact that one does not oppose some communication which has been made,
but gives to it due attention and even sympathy, does not imply a lack of
independent judgment. Those who have arrived at a somewhat advanced stage of
knowledge are aware that they owe everything to a quiet attention and
assimilation, and not to a stubborn personal judgment. One should always
remember that he does not need to learn what he is already able to understand.
Therefore, if one desires only to judge, he is apt to cease learning. What is of
importance in an occult school, however, is study: one ought to desire, with heart
and soul, to be a student: if one cannot understand something it is far better not
to judge, lest one wrongly condemn; far wiser to wait for a true understanding.
The higher one climbs up the ladder of knowledge, the more he requires this
faculty of calm and devotional listening. All perception of truths, all life and
activity in the world of spirit, become in these higher regions delicate and subtle
in comparison with the activities of the ordinary mind, and of life in the physical
world. The more the sphere of a man's activity widens out before him, the more
transcendent is the nature of the task to be accomplished by him. It is for this
reason that, although there is in reality only one possible fact regarding the
higher truths, men come to look at them from such different points of view. It is
possible to arrive at this one true standpoint if, through work and devotion, one
has so risen that he can really behold the truth. Only he who judges in
accordance with preconceived ideas and habitual ways of thought, rather than
from sufficient preparation, can arrive at any opinion which differs from the true
one. Just as there is only one correct opinion concerning a mathematical
problem, so also with regard to things of the higher worlds; but before one can
arrive at this knowledge he must first prepare himself. Truth and the higher life
do, indeed, abide in every human soul, and it is true that everyone can and must
sooner or later find them for himself.
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Footnotes
[2] A speech delivered in Paris, 28th August 1878. See also Haeckel's
History of Natural Creation, 13th lecture.
[3] This is how Dr. Steiner himself describes the famous German naturalist:
"Haeckel's personality is captivating. It is the most complete contrast to
the tone of his writings. If Haeckel had but made a slight study of the
philosophy of which he speaks, not even as a dilettante, but like a
child, he would have drawn the most lofty spiritual conclusions from
his phylogenetic studies. Haeckel's doctrine is grand, but Haeckel
himself is the worst of commentators on his doctrine. It is not by
showing our contemporaries the weak points in Haeckel's doctrine that
we can promote intellectual progress, but by pointing out to them the
grandeur of his phylogenetic thought." Steiner has developed these
ideas in two works: Welt und Lebensanschauungen im 19ten
Jahrhundert (Theories of the Universe and of Life in the Nineteenth
Century), and Haeckel und seine Gegner (Haeckel and his Opponents).
[4] Die Mystik, im Aufgange des neuzeitlichen Geisteslebens (1901); Das
Christentum als mystische Tatsache (1902); Theosophie (1904). He is
now preparing an important book, which will no doubt be his chief
work, and which is to be called Geheimwissenschaft (Occult Science).
[7] It should be remarked that artistic perception, when coupled with a quiet
introspective nature, forms the best foundation for the development of
occult faculties. It pierces through the superficial aspect of things and
in so doing touches their secrets.
[8] Only to him, who listens disinterestedly, comes the ability to perceive
really from within, silently, and without emotion arising from personal
opinion or personal taste,—to such only can the Great Souls, who are
known in Occultism as the Masters speak. As long as our opinions and
feelings are in a state of vehement opposition to the communications
from the Masters, They remain silent.
[9] The fact here mentioned, in its bearing on the contemplation of crystals,
is in many ways distorted by those who have only heard of it in an
outward (exoteric) manner, and in this way such practises as crystal-
gazing have their origin. Misrepresentations of such a kind are the
outcome of misunderstanding. They have been described in many
books, but they never form the subject of genuine (esoteric) teaching.
[10] Anyone who might object that a microscopical examination would reveal
the difference between the two would only show that he has failed to
grasp the intention of the experiment. The intention is not to
investigate the physical structure of the object, but to use it as a means
for the development of psychic force.
End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Way of Initiation, by Rudolf Steiner
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