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    Chemistry - Chang 10th Edition 5

    Uploaded by

    Ayman Murrar
    This document provides an outline and overview of a chemistry chapter that discusses atomic mass, molecular mass, mass spectrometry, percent composition of compounds, determining empirical and molecular formulas experimentally, writing chemical equations, and calculating reaction yields.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Chemistry - Chang 10th Edition 5

    Uploaded by

    Ayman Murrar
    8 views1 page
    This document provides an outline and overview of a chemistry chapter that discusses atomic mass, molecular mass, mass spectrometry, percent composition of compounds, determining empirical and molecular formulas experimentally, writing chemical equations, and calculating reaction yields.

    Original Title

    Chemistry-_Chang_10th_Edition_5

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    This document provides an outline and overview of a chemistry chapter that discusses atomic mass, molecular mass, mass spectrometry, percent composition of compounds, determining empirical and molecular formulas experimentally, writing chemical equations, and calculating reaction yields.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    8 views1 page

    Chemistry - Chang 10th Edition 5

    Uploaded by

    Ayman Murrar
    This document provides an outline and overview of a chemistry chapter that discusses atomic mass, molecular mass, mass spectrometry, percent composition of compounds, determining empirical and molecular formulas experimentally, writing chemical equations, and calculating reaction yields.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    Chapter Outline A Look Ahead

    • We begin by studying the mass of an atom, which is based on the carbon-12


    isotope scale. An atom of the carbon-12 isotope is assigned a mass of exactly
    3.1 Atomic Mass
    12 atomic mass unit (amu). To work with the more convenient scale of
    3.2 Avogadro’s Number and the grams, we use the molar mass. The molar mass of carbon-12 has a mass
    Molar Mass of an Element of exactly 12 grams and contains an Avogadro’s number (6.022 3 1023) of
    atoms. The molar masses of other elements are also expressed in grams and
    3.3 Molecular Mass
    contain the same number of atoms. (3.1 and 3.2)
    3.4 The Mass Spectrometer
    • Our discussion of atomic mass leads to molecular mass, which is the sum
    3.5 Percent Composition of of the masses of the constituent atoms present. We learn that the most direct
    Compounds way to determine atomic and molecular mass is by the use of a mass spec-
    trometer. (3.3 and 3.4)
    3.6 Experimental Determination
    of Empirical Formulas • To continue our study of molecules and ionic compounds, we learn how to
    calculate the percent composition of these species from their chemical for-
    3.7 Chemical Reactions and mulas. (3.5)
    Chemical Equations
    • We will see how the empirical and molecular formulas of a compound are
    3.8 Amounts of Reactants and determined by experiment. (3.6)
    Products
    • Next, we learn how to write a chemical equation to describe the outcome of
    a chemical reaction. A chemical equation must be balanced so that we have
    3.9 Limiting Reagents
    the same number and type of atoms for the reactants, the starting materials,
    3.10 Reaction Yield and the products, the substances formed at the end of the reaction. (3.7)
    • Building on our knowledge of chemical equations, we then proceed to study
    the mass relationships of chemical reactions. A chemical equation enables
    us to use the mole method to predict the amount of product(s) formed,
    knowing how much the reactant(s) was used. We will see that a reaction’s
    yield depends on the amount of limiting reagent (a reactant that is used up
    first) present. (3.8 and 3.9)
    • We will learn that the actual yield of a reaction is almost always less than
    that predicted from the equation, called the theoretical yield, because of
    various complications. (3.10)

    Student Interactive
    Activity
    I n this chapter we will consider the masses of atoms and molecules and what
    happens to them when chemical changes occur. Our guide for this discussion
    will be the law of conservation of mass.

    Animations
    Limiting Reagent (3.9)
    Media Player
    Chapter Summary
    ARIS
    Example Practice Problems
    End of Chapter Problems
    Quantum Tutors
    End of Chapter Problems

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