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Dynamics Tutorial Sheet 4 - Particle Kinetics

The document contains 10 problems related to particle kinetics and dynamics. It includes diagrams of physical systems involving masses, pulleys, inclined planes and other objects. For each problem, students are tasked with calculating values like acceleration, tension, velocity, time and other variables based on the diagrams and scenario descriptions.

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mahir
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21 views

Dynamics Tutorial Sheet 4 - Particle Kinetics

The document contains 10 problems related to particle kinetics and dynamics. It includes diagrams of physical systems involving masses, pulleys, inclined planes and other objects. For each problem, students are tasked with calculating values like acceleration, tension, velocity, time and other variables based on the diagrams and scenario descriptions.

Uploaded by

mahir
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEC134 – Engineering Mechanics

Dynamics Tutorial Sheet 4


PARTICLE KINETICS

1. The 150 kg mass rests on a smooth horizontal plane. If friction and the mass of
the pulleys are negligible, determine the acceleration of the 150 kg mass and
the tension in the horizontal portion of the cable for each of the cases shown
in Figure 1. (Ensure that you fully understand why the results are different for
the two cases.)

Figure 1

2. A truck having a mass of 1600 kg is pulled up an incline of 1 in 80 by a hauling


mechanism. The total frictional resistance is 160 N. The truck starts from rest
and accelerates at a constant rate to reach a speed of 7.5 m/s in 30 seconds,
after which the speed remains constant. Determine the tension T in the
hauling cable while the truck is accelerating, the power Pa developed just
before the acceleration stops, and the power Ps, developed at steady speed.

3. The resistance to motion R of a 10,000 kg train, when travelling freely, varies


directly with the velocity, that is R = kv where k is a constant and v is the
velocity. The brakes apply a constant retarding force B = 5000 N.
(a) If the resistance to motion R = 1250 N when the train is travelling at 90
km/h, what is the value of the constant k and what are the units of k?
(b) If the brakes are applied suddenly when the velocity is 90 km/h,
determine the time t and the distance s travelled for the train to come
to rest.
4. A body having a mass of 50 kg is projected from a point on the ground with a
velocity which has a horizontal component of 50 m/s. During motion, a
horizontal driving force of 200N and a horizontal resisting force of 0.005vx2 N
act on the body, where vx is the horizontal component of the body’s velocity at
an instant during its motion. The body strikes the ground on the same
horizontal level as the point of projection with a velocity which has a horizontal
component of 150 m/s. Determine the time to landing, the magnitudes and
directions of the velocities with which the body is projected and with which it
strikes the ground, and the total horizontal distance travelled.

5. A small slider is free to move along the circular rod AB with negligible friction
as shown in Figure 2. If the rod is rotating about the vertical axis OA with a
constant angular velocity θ rad/s, determine the angle β which locates the
stable position assumed by the slider. What is the range of θ for which this is
valid?

Figure 2

6. The disk with the circular groove shown in Figure 3 rotates about the vertical
axis with a constant speed of θ rad/s and carries two 4 kg spheres.
(a) Calculate the two forces of contact between the disk and each sphere.
(b) Calculate the maximum rotational speed which the disk may have
without causing the spheres to leave their groove.

Figure 3
7. The pulleys around which the cables pass in Figure 4 have negligible mass and
are frictionless. The coefficient of friction between the block and the
inclined plane is µk = 0.4. Determine the velocity v of the 20 kg block after it
has moved 4m from rest under the action of the 80N force.

Figure 4

8. The 6 kg cylinder in Figure 5 is released from rest from the position shown
and falls onto the light platform supported by the spring which is pre-
compressed by 50 mm from its free unloaded length by the light restraining
wires. The stiffness of the spring is 4 kN/m. The energy loss during the impact
of the cylinder and the platform is negligible. Determine the velocity of the
cylinder when the spring is compressed by 20 mm from the initial position
shown, and also the maximum deflection δ of the spring.

Figure 5
9. The shank of the 2 kg vertical plunger shown in Figure 6 occupies the dotted
position when resting in equilibrium against the spring of stiffness k = 1.6
kN/m. The upper end of the spring is welded to the plunger and the lower
end is welded to the base plate. Any frictional effects are negligible. If the
plunger is lifted 40 mm above its equilibrium position and released from rest,
determine its velocity v as it strikes the button A.

Figure 6

10. Figure 7 shows an inspection gondola for a cableway that is being drawn up
the sloping cable at a speed of 4 m/s when the control cable suddenly breaks.
Friction is negligible and the gondola can be treated as a particle. Determine
the time t after the break for the gondola to reach a speed of 8 m/s down the
sloping cable.

Figure 7
11. The motion of the 9 kg carriage in the frictionless vertical guides is controlled
by the tensions T1 and T2 in the cables which vary as shown in Figure 8. The
pulley at the top of the 9 kg block can be assumed to be of negligible mass and
also to be frictionless. If the carriage has a downwards velocity of 1.2 m/s at
time t = 0, determine its velocity v when t = 10 s.

Figure 8

12. The 3000 kg anvil A of a drop forge is mounted on a nest of four springs with a
combined stiffness of 2.88 MN/m. The 500 kg hammer B falls 0.48 m from
rest and strikes the anvil which is then observed to deflect 20 mm from its
equilibrium position. Determine the height h of rebound of the hammer and
the coefficient of restitution e between the hammer and the anvil.

Figure 9
Numerical Answers

1.
(a) a = 13.1 m/s2 T = 1.96 kN
(b) a = 5.61 m/s2 T = 0.841 kN

2. T = 756 N Pa = 5.67 kW Ps = 2.67 kW

3.
(a) k = 50 kg/s
(b) t = 44.6 s s = 537 m

4. Time to landing is 35.9 s Launch velocity = 183 m/s at 74.1º

Landing velocity = 231 m/s at 49.6º Horizontal distance = 3811 m

g g
5. β =cos −1  2 for θ ≥
rθ r
6.
2g θ 2
(a) Inner contact force = −
cos 30 2sin 30
2g θ 2
Outer contact force = +
cos 30 2sin 30

(b) Maximum speed is 45.5 rpm

7. v = 6.66 m/s up the plane

8. v = 0.869 m/s δ = 29.4 mm

9. v = 1.12 m/s

10. t = 3.18s

11. v = 0.7 m/s upwards

12. h = 21.5 mm e = 0.414

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