EFFECTS OF INADEQUATE SLEEP ON THE ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF THE

STUDENTS

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Sleep is a naturally recurring state of mind and body. As stated by Suni (2021), sleep is a

fundamental element of good health. Likewise, Irwin (2019) states that sleep is vital for the

function of our immune systems and can help protect us from diseases. Inadequate sleep affects

both how we feel and how we function. As stated by American Thoracic Society Organization

(2019), inadequate sleep is when a person is unable to get enough sleep. It is a broad phrase that

refers to a state characterized by insufficient sleep quantity or quality, as well as involuntary or

involuntary insomnia and sleep disorders affecting the circadian rhythm, Victoria (2014).

Elliasson (2002) affirms that most children need at least 9 hours of restful sleep each night;

however, for many reasons, school-aged children may receive less than the recommended

number of hours of sleep. Otenyo (2015) claimed that inadequate sleep is inversely related to

sleep hours and can have a significant negative impact on overall health and quality of life. Aside

from it, based on the learning of Irwin (2019) inadequate sleep has been related to decreased

immunity and increased inflammation, making us more susceptible to common colds and other

infectious illnesses.

Based on (Ranasinghe. 2018), inadequate sleep is the condition of not having enough

rest; it can be either constant or intense. A chronic sleep-restricted state can cause fatigue,

daytime sleepiness, clumsiness, and weight loss or weight gain. According to an article (How

does inadequate sleep affect health). Inadequate amount or quality of sleep, not sleeping long

enough overall or having poor quality sleep—affects both how we feel and how we function.
Lacking sleep can have side effects of tiredness or sleepiness, fractiousness, reduced alertness,

poor engine skills, and attention problems. Based on analysts insufficient sleep increases blood

pressure levels in individuals who already have hypertension. This finding may be one reason

why people who lack sleep over time have an expanded risk of cardiovascular diseases

(Cappuccio, D'Elia, Strazzullo, & Miller. 2010). Insufficient sleep can contribute to unusual

behavior. Subjects who are chronically sleep-restricted may exhibit increased risk-taking

behavior, or subjectively may show deficiencies in thinking that result from seeking premature

conclusions without considering all aspects of a problem, Neurol (2017). According to the (2014

American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment (ACHA-NCHA),

Too little sleep causes the loss of concentration, and can lead to memory impedance and

compromised physical performance. Sleep issues predict and are anticipated by generalized

anxiety/depression and oppositional defiant disorder. (J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry.

2014). Other than that is information from an article named (Among teens, sleep deprivation an

epidemic), That Sleep deprivation increases the probability teens will suffer myriad negative

results, including an failure to concentrate, poor grades, drowsy-driving incidents, anxiety,

depression, thoughts of suicide and even suicide attempts.

Inadequate Sleep is not just the habit of every student but it makes them a not healthy

person that may due to memory issues that affects the probability of their performance in school.

It lowers your mental capacities and endangers your physical health. Your body, including

oxygen and food, requires sleep to function properly. Our body heals and restores its chemical

balance as you sleep. Your brain helps you remember things by forming new mental

connections. The brain and body processes will not function properly if you don't get enough

sleep. It can also have a significant negative impact on your quality of life. It also has a negative
impact on your mental capacities and emotional well-being. You can become irritable or prone to

mood changes. It can also stifle creativity and decision-making processes. The theories that

mentioned explain how important it is to have a quality time to sleep in order to have more

energy to move and do what you want to do. There are many causes why a student doesn't have

enough time to sleep early and one of the reasons is the technology we have right now which is

the social media that we are using. Social Media can control the whole day of a student just by

spending time watching movies or scrolling on their newsfeed. Social Media is not just one of

the causes but also it includes the mental health of a person like having depression and stress that

came from the problem for their family or personal problems. (who cited this?)

The purpose of this study is to encourage the students to make some time for their selves,

because having a time to sleep makes us more energetic and boosts the immune system so that

every single day we can be as productive as they want. In addition, it is for the students who

can’t control themselves to not sleep in a right and disciplined time because they let those bad

influences come to them. The fact is we have to help the students to be responsible for their

selves so that they can have a good performance and have a healthy life.

- Ayusin ang citation

- Pwede ba kapag iba na idea ng paragraph iseparate nyo na

- Kapag puro numbers , ayusin ang wording, nakakalula ang figures, just state the

result
 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

This study is based on the theory proposed by William James on 1890 entitled Brain

Plasticity Theory, according to this theory, sleep is required for neural remodeling and growth of

the brain's structure and function. Having adequate sleep has a function in the brain development

of newborns and children. Sleep has been shown in studies to enhance brain plasticity, and

alterations in plasticity have been seen in depressed individuals. Therapeutic sleep deprivation,

on the other hand, has a quick and powerful antidepressant impact in individuals with broadly

characterized depression. As per this study, sleep is essential for our brain's growth and function;

if we don't get enough sleep, our brain may not expand or work effectively. Because of the

activeness of the brain, it is critical for us students to get enough sleep as a result of our academic

performance in school.

Moreover, in the study of William Dement, when teenagers are exposed to illuminated

displays late at night, the retina sends a message to the part of the brain that controls the body's

circadian clock, causing sleep-phase delay. The researchers also noted that as the children grew

older, they tended to go to bed later. By the early 1990s, Carskadon had discovered what has

since become a generally accepted phenomenon: adolescent sleep-phase delay. Their circadian

rhythm their internal biological clock moves to a later period, making falling asleep before 11

p.m. more difficult.

 Some of the most serious potential problems associated with chronic inadequate sleep are

high blood pressure, diabetes, heart attack, heart failure, or stroke. Other potential problems

include obesity, depression, and impairment in immunity drive. Chronic sleep deprivation can

even affect your appearance (2020). Inadequate sleep increases the likelihood teens will suffer

myriad negative consequences, including an inability to concentrate, poor grades, drowsy-

driving incidents, anxiety, depression, thoughts of suicide, and even suicide attempts (2015).

Inadequate sleep expands recurrence of momentary rest, and resting late and starting off early

influence the learning limit, scholarly execution, and neurobehavioral functions.

Adverse consequences of lack of sleep on sharpness and intellectual execution

recommend diminishes in cerebrum action and capacity, principally in the thalamus; a

construction associated with readiness, consideration, and higher-request intellectual cycles

(Thomas, M., et.al, 2000). While the cerebrum has been demonstrated to be truly adaptable, a

few impacts have as yet appeared with an absence of rest. One space of the cerebrum closes

down, while others are exhausted to compensate for the decayed presentation. The piece of the

cerebrum that is exhausted is associated with working memory, arranging, consideration, and

verbal familiarity, DeNoon (2000). Subsequently, this piece of the mind is profoundly

influenced by the absence of rest and will be not able to proceed just as somebody who has

gotten a satisfactory measure of rest. This need rest leaves us sluggish and unfit to think the next
day. It additionally prompts, as expressed beforehand, debilitated memory and actual execution

and a diminished capacity to do numerical estimations ("Brain Basics," 2003).

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Students. The study's principal beneficiaries are the students. It would aid students in improving

their academic performance because it addresses the difficulties they may have as a result of

insufficient sleep as well as the consequences. It may also persuade individuals to get more

restful sleep in their daily life.

Teachers. The findings of the study would be invaluable to teachers in learning and

understanding the problems that their children have due to a lack of sleep. This could be used as

a resource for teachers as they plan their lessons. Teachers could also adapt their teaching

techniques, tactics, and strategies to match the needs of their students in the classroom.

Administrators of educational institutions. They may be able to use the study's findings to

assist teachers in using proper teaching methods and practices in the classroom.

Future Researcher. They can use it as a guide for their study as well as for extra information on

a certain issue and to improve their research.

 RESEARCH PARADIGM

This chart illustrates the study's Input, Process, and Output. An input-process-output figure is

showing all of the materials and information needed for the process, as well as details about the

process and descriptions of all products and by-products produced by the process.

Input Process Output

⠂Implications of sleep ⠂Online research ⠂A proposed presentation to

deprivation on academic raise awareness about what
performance in students ⠂Statistical treatment of data students who are experiencing
inadequate sleep go through
⠂Negative impacts of sleep ⠂Data Analysis
deprivation that a student may ⠂Recommendations
experience

⠂Factors contributing to the

student's sleep deprivation

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study determined the effects of inadequate sleep on the academic performance of the

students who were enrolled at Paliparan 2 Integrated High School.

Specially, this paper seeks to answer the questions that follow:

1. What are the implications of sleep deprivation on academic performance in students?

2. What are the negative impacts of sleep deprivation that a student may experience?

3. What are the factors of sleep deprivation that contribute to the students?

OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS

Some words that are regarded relevant to this study have been operationally defined to

help with a better understanding of it. The following are some operational definitions:

Inadequate. Insufficient in terms of quality or quantity for a given purpose.

Sleep Deprivation. A general term caused by inadequate quality of sleep.

Adequate Sleep. A required time of sleep to maintain good health.

Social Media. A website and applications that is famous in these generations.

Stress. It refers to the emotional and or physical tension that may occur in an unexpected

situation.

Depression. A common illness that negatively affects how you act and how you feel.
Hypertension. Another term for high blood pressure that can lead to increasing the risk of heart

problems.

Anxiety. Mental uneasiness caused by fear.

Chronic Sleep. The case of getting insufficient sleep.

- Elaborate each definitions

SCOPE AND DELIMITATION

The main focus of this research is on the effects of inadequate sleep on student performance and

related mental health consequences. By anticipating the likely effects of insufficient sleep on a

student's performance, this is solely limited to grade 10 pupils in Paliparan 2 Integrated High

School. The purpose of this study is to learn more about the consequences of insufficient sleep

on a student's performance. This study needs to be discussed because of the potential dangers it

poses to students, which might put them in a life-or-death position. This study aims to educate

pupils, particularly those who are having difficulty coping during a pandemic.

- How many are your participants?? School year?