CONFIDENTIAL 1 CS/MAY 2022/TEST/STA116

UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

TEST

COURSE : INTRODUCTION TO PROBABILITY AND

STATISTICS
COURSE CODE : STA116
TIME : 2 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. This question paper consists of FIVE (5) questions.

2. Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page.

3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilator.

4. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of :

i) the Question Paper

ii) a two – page Appendix 1

5. Answer ALL questions in English.

DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO

This examination paper consists of 5 printed pages
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CONFIDENTIAL 2 CS/MAY 2022/TEST/STA116

QUESTION 1
a) Determine whether the following variables is qualitative, quantitative discrete or
quantitative continuous variable.
i) The number of people visiting a theme park in a day.
ii) The type of internet connection student use for online class.
iii) The price of a book.
iv) The type of house.
(4 marks)

b) The faculty of a college consists of 820 members. A new vice chancellor has just been
appointed. The vice chancellor wants to get an idea of what the faculty considers the
most important issues currently facing by the university. He does not have time to
interview all the faculty members and so decides to randomly select 40 faculty
members using the list of all faculty members obtained from the office of the dean.
There are 40 full professors, 244 associate professors, 328 senior lecturers and 208
lecturers.

i) Identify the population and the sample of the above case.

(2 marks)
ii) State the variable of interest and determine its type.
(2 marks)
iii) Suggest the most suitable sampling method to be used in this survey.
(1 mark)
iv) Determine a suitable method of data collection for the above study.
(1 marks)

QUESTION 2

The annual bonuses paid to staff employed by a Company A are as follows:

Annual bonus (RM) Number of employees

400 and under 500 8
500 and under 600 10
600 and under 700 16
700 and under 800 14
800 and under 900 10
900 and under 1000 6

a) Calculate the mean and standard deviation for the above data.
(4 marks)
b) Draw a “less than” ogive for the above data. Estimate the median from the ogive.
(3 marks)
c) Calculate the Pearson Coefficient of Skewness and determine the shape of the
distribution.
(3 marks)

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QUESTION 3

a) All employees of LTK Company are assigned identity codes. The code consists of
the first two letters of the employee's name followed by four digits. If repetition is
not allowed,
i) How many different identity codes are possible?
ii) How many different identity codes are there for employees whose name
starts with an S?
(4 marks)

b) A quality inspector selects a sample of 4 items at random from a collection of 20

items, of which 7 have excellent quality, 10 have good quality, 2 have poor quality
and 1 is defective. What is the probability that the sample contains defective item?
(3 marks)

c) From a group of 10 people, 4 are to be chosen to serve on a committee. Among the

10 people, there is one married couple. In how many different ways can the committee
be formed if both the husband and the wife will be chosen.
(3 marks)

QUESTION 4

a) If P(A | B) =2/5, P(B) = 1/4, P(A) = 1/3, find:

i) P(A ∩ B)
ii) P(B | A)
(4 marks)
b) Event X and Y are such that P(X) = 5/12, P (X | Y') = 7/12, P (X ∩ Y) = 1/8. a. Find:
i) P(Y).
ii) Find P (X U Y).
iii) Are X and Y independent? Justify your answer.

(6 marks)

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QUESTION 5

Two methods A and B are used for teaching a certain subject. B is more expensive and is
used only 30% of the time. The failure rate for the students taught by method A is 20% and
the failure rate for the students taught by method B is 10%.

a) Draw a tree diagram representing this situation. (2 marks)

b) What is the probability that a randomly selected student passes the subject and
taught by method B? (2 marks)

c) What is the probability that a student selected at random will fail the subject?
(3 marks)
d) If a student fails the subject, what is the probability that he or she was taught by
method A?
(3 marks)

END OF QUESTIONS

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CONFIDENTIAL 5 CS/MAY 2022/TEST/STA116

APPENDIX 1

FORMULA LIST

Sample measurements
1. Mean, x 
 x or  fx
n n
 n 
   f m1 
2. ~
Median, x  Lm   2  C
 fm 
 
 
 1 
3. Mode, xˆ  Lmo     C
 1   2 

4. Standard Deviation , s 
1
  x  x   2
or
1 
 x 2 
 x 2


n 1 n  1 n 


1
  f x  x   1 
  fx  2

 fx
2
or 2

n 1 n  1 n 
 

s
5. Coefficient of variation, cv   100
x
mean  mode 3mean  median 
6. Pearson' s measure of skewness  or
standard deviation standard deviation

where

n  f
Lm  lower median class boundary
Lmo  lower modal class boundary
 f m 1  cumulative frequencies for the classes before the median class
fm  median class frequency
1  (modal class frequency) - (frequency for the class before the modal class)
2  (modal class frequency) - (frequency for the class after the modal class)
C  class size

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Probability

If A and B are two events,

1. Additive rule 1 (not mutually exclusive events)

P  A  B   P  A  P  B   P  A  B 

2. Additive rule 2 (mutually exclusive events)

P A  B   P A  PB 

3. Multiplication rule 1 (independent events)

P  A  B   P  A  P  B 

4. Multiplication rule 2 (dependent events)

P  A  B   P  A  P  B | A

5. Conditional probability
P A  B 
P B | A 
P  A

6. Bayes’ Theorem
P Bi  A
P Bi | A  for i  1,2,..., k
P  A
where P  A  P B1   P  A | B1   PB2   P  A | B2   ...  P Bk   P  A | Bk 

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