8L

Name Class Date

1 (a) State the shape of the Earth.

(1)

(b) State how much time the Earth takes to go once around the Sun.
(1)

(Total for Question 1 = 2 marks)

2 The UK is in the northern hemisphere of the Earth. In the middle of summer, there are over 16
hours of daylight in the UK.

(a) How is the number of hours of daylight in the UK different in the winter? Tick one box.

A more hours

B fewer hours

C the same number of hours

D 12 hours

(1)

(b) Why do we have day and night? Tick one box.

A The Earth spins on its axis faster in winter.

B The Earth’s axis is tilted.

C The Earth spins on its axis once every month.

D The Earth spins on its axis once every 24 hours.

(1)

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(c) Why is the length of daylight different at different times of the year? Tick one box.

A The Earth spins on its axis faster in winter.

B The Earth’s axis is tilted.

C The Earth spins on its axis once every month.

D The Earth spins on its axis once every 24 hours.

(1)

(d) Give one reason why the Sun feels hotter in summer than in winter in the UK.

(1)
(Total for Question 2 = 4 marks)
3 The Earth has one moon called the Moon.

(a) State the meaning of ‘a moon’.

(2)

(b) Describe how we are able to see the Moon.

(1)

(c) We see different phases of the Moon on Earth.

Explain how the phases of the Moon are evidence for the way we are able to see the Moon.

(2)

(Total for Question 3 = 5 marks)

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4 List these things in order of size, starting with the smallest thing:
Universe, Earth, Galaxy, Moon, Solar System, Sun

(Total for Question 4 = 1 mark)

5 Many other stars are much bigger and brighter than our Sun.
Give one reason why our Sun looks brighter than other stars.

(Total for Question 5 = 1 mark)

6 State whether these pairs of magnets will attract or repel each other.
Write either ‘attract’ or ‘repel’ underneath each pair of magnets.

. .

(Total for Question 6 = 1 mark)

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7 The drawing shows a compass.
(a) Explain which way the compass needle is
pointing.

(2)
(b) The compass is then placed next to a magnet as shown
in the drawing.

State why the compass needle is now pointing in a

different direction.

(1)

(Total for Question 7 = 3 marks)

8 The diagram shows two people standing on the surface

of the Earth.
(a) Name the force that pulls people towards the Earth.

(1)

(b) Draw an arrow from person B to show the direction of

the force that keeps him on the Earth.
(1)

(c) Give one reason for your answer to part (b).

(1)

(Total for Question 8 = 3 marks)

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9 The diagram shows a spacecraft orbiting above a moon.

(a) (i) On the diagram, draw an arrow to show the force of the moon on the spacecraft. Draw
your arrow so that the length of the arrow represents the size of the force.
Label the arrow M.
(1)

(ii) Draw another arrow to show the force of the spacecraft on the moon. Draw your arrow
so that the length of the arrow represents the size of the force. Label the arrow S.
(1)

(b) How would the size of forces M and S change if the spacecraft had a greater mass? Tick
one box.

A They would both increase.

B They would both decrease.

C M would get bigger and S would get smaller.

D S would get bigger and M would get smaller.

(1)

(c) How would the size of forces M and S change if the spacecraft was further away from
the moon? Tick one box.

A They would both increase.

B They would both decrease.

C M would get bigger and S would get smaller.

D S would get bigger and M would get smaller.

(1)
(Total for Question 9 = 4 marks)

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10 The table shows the strength of gravity at the surface of three moons in the Solar System.

Name of Gravity at the surface

moon of the moon (N/kg)
Io 1.80
Europa 1.32
Moon 1.63

(a) Name the moon you would expect to have the biggest mass.

(1)

(b) Give one reason for your answer to part (a). Tick one box.

A Smaller masses produce stronger gravitational forces.

B Larger masses produce weaker gravitational forces.

C Larger masses produce stronger gravitational forces.

D Mass has no effect on gravitational force.

(1)

(c) The mass of an astronaut and his spacesuit is 900 kg.

Calculate the weight of the astronaut and his spacesuit on Europa. Show your working.

(2)

(Total for Question 10 = 4 marks)

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11 Orbiters are space probes put into orbit around a planet or moon. Landers are small vehicles
that can land on the surface of a planet or moon. Some landers have wheels and motors so
they can move around, but they can usually only travel a few kilometres from their landing site.
Describe two advantages of orbiters compared to landers.

(Total for Question 11 = 2 marks)

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