Communication and

Telecommunication

What is Communication
• Communication is the activity of conveying meaningful information.
Communication requires a sender, a message, and a receiver.

• Types of Communication
1. Face to face
2. Electronic or telecommunication

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Communications
What are computer communications?
 Process in which two or more computers or devices transfer data,
instructions, and information

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Communications
What is needed for successful communications?

Sending Communications Communications

device — initiates device — connects channel — media
instruction to the sending device to on which data,
transmit data, the communications instructions, or
instructions, or channel information travel
information

Communications Receiving
device — connects device — accepts
the communications transmission of data,
channel to the instructions, or
receiving device information

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Uses of Computer Communications
• What are some uses of communications technology?
1. Internet
2. WEB
3. E-mail
4. FTP
5. RSS
6. IM
Chat rooms
7. Blogs
8. News group
9. Wikis
10. Video conference
11. Fax
12. VoIP

Uses of Computer Communications

What are wireless messaging services?

Text messaging Wireless instant

allows users to send messaging allows
and receive short wireless mobile
text messages on a devices to exchange
phone or other Picture/video messages
mobile device messaging allows
users to send
graphics, pictures,
video clips, sound
files, and short text
messages
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 Communications Terms

What is a global positioning system (GPS)?

Step 1.
GPS satellites orbit Step 2.
Earth. Every A GPS receiver
thousandth of a (such as in a car,
second, each satellite a wearable
sends a signal that device, a smart
indicates its current phone, a
position to the GPS handheld device,
receiver. or a collar)
determines its
location on Earth
by analyzing at
least 3 separate
satellite signals
from the 24
satellites in orbit.

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Communications Terms

What are wireless Internet

access points

 Wireless Internet access

point allows wireless
connection to Internet
in public location
 3G and 4G
networks

p. 464-465 Fig. 9-4 Next

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Networks
What is a network?
 Collection of
computers and
devices connected
via communications
devices and
transmission
media

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Networks
What is a local area network (LAN) and a
metropolitan area network (MAN)?
 A LAN is a network in limited geographical
area such as home or office building
 Wireless LAN (WLAN)
 Metropolitan area network (MAN) connects LANs
in city or town

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Networks

What is a wide area

network (WAN)?
 Network that covers
large geographic
area using many
types of media
 Internet is world’s
largest WAN

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Networks
What is an intranet?

Internal network that uses Internet technologies

Makes information accessible to employees

Typically includes connection to Internet

Extranet allows customers or suppliers to access

part of company’s intranet

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Communications Terms

What is a dial-up line?

 Temporary connection using telephone line for
communications
 Costs no more than making regular call
 Computers at any two locations can establish a
connection using modems and telephone network

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Communications Terms

• What is a dedicated line?

Always-on connection between two communications devices.
Example
DSL

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Communications Devices
What is a dial-up modem?
 A dial-up modem converts digital signals to analog signals
and vice versa
 Usually in the form of an adapter card
Example
World call

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What are DSL modems?

• DSL stands for digital subscriber line is an example
of dedicated line where internet is always
available,and is more speed than dial up
communication lines

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Communications Devices
What is a cable modem?
 Sends and receives
data over cable
television network
 Much faster than
dial-up modem or
ISDN
 Sometimes called a
broadband modem

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Communications Devices
What is a wireless modem?
 Allows access to the
Web wirelessly from
a notebook
computer, a smart
phone, or other
mobile device
 Typically use the
same waves used by
cellular telephones

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Communications Devices
What is a network card?
 Adapter card, PC
Card, USB network
adapter, or flash
card that enables
computer or device
to access network

 Sometimes called
network interface
card (NIC)
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Communications Devices
What is a wireless access point?
 Central
communications
device that allows
computers and
devices to transfer
data wirelessly among
themselves or
wirelessly to a wired
network

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Home Networks

What is a home network?

 Multiple computers
connected in home
 Several types of home
networks

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Communications Channel
What is a communications channel?
 Transmission media on which data travels in
communications system

Transmission media
are materials or
substances capable of
carrying one or more Bandwidth is amount of
signals data that can travel
over a communications
channel

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Communications Channel
How is a request sent over the
Internet using a communications
channel?

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Physical Transmission Media

What is physical transmission media?
 Wire, cable,
and other tangible
materials used
to send
communications
signals

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Physical Transmission Media
What are twisted-pair cable and coaxial cable?
 Twisted-pair cable is used for telephone systems and network cabling

 Coaxial cable is often used for cable television wiring

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Physical Transmission Media

What is fiber-optic cable?
 Capable of carrying
significantly more
data at faster speeds
than wire cables
 Less susceptible
to interference
(noise) and, therefore,
more secure
 Smaller size (thinner
and lighter)

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Wireless Transmission Media
What is wireless transmission media?
 Used when inconvenient, impractical, or impossible to
install cables
 Includes Bluetooth and IrDA

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Wireless Transmission Media

What are broadcast radio and cellular radio?
 Broadcast radio
distributes radio
signals over long
and short distances
 Cellular radio
is form of
broadcast radio
used for mobile
communications

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Wireless Transmission Media
What is a microwave station?
 Earth-based
reflective
dish used for
microwave
communications
 Must transmit in
straight line with
no obstructions

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Wireless Transmission Media

What is a communications satellite?
 Space station
that receives
microwave signals
from earth-based
station, amplifies
signals, and
broadcasts signals
back to any
number of earth-
based stations

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