10th Meterial-L-2

Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 6

7

CLASS: X SUBJECT : HINDI


2-bZnxkg ¼ dgkuh ½
“kCnkFkZ
vthc ¾ vn~Hkqr] 軨ᐎꂐ˟锘 laxh ¾ nksLr] ˟sLr
jkSud ¾ “kksHkk] dk¡fr] kSud nqvk ¾ vk”khokZn] Ȍ ᐎ Su
ykfyek ¾ v#f.kek] HN 锘 eksy ysuk ¾ [kjhnuk] i ᐎĥ
“khry ¾ BaM] S10 dzks/k ¾ xqLlk] i㌳䁐锘
dksBjh ¾ NksVk dejk] jd dystk ¾ fny ᐎ

Mj ¾ Hk;] 0锘 esyk ¾ mRlo] ˟H


dpksV ¾ pqHkuk] d ᐎ i ᐎĥ vnkyr ¾ U;k;ky;] i㌳H]Su
Nkys ¾ QQksys] k sSu “kku ¾ bTtr] H 锘
[;ky ¾ fopkj] S da/kk ¾ Hkqtk] Su

bZn ¾ 䁤1锘 ᦙ軨H]S 䁐锘r d xsan ¾ 锘


lqgkouk ¾ ȏ1軨 H锘 xksnh esa ¾ �ᄯS
c/kkbZ ¾ ĵ i 锘 Su dkeuk ¾ i㌳ 0 Ȍ ᐎ Su
bZnxkg ¾ 䁐锘r d ik¡o ¾ i Su
fxuuk ¾ S»iĥ 锘 ᐎĥ xksVk ¾ SŐ ᐎ
vufxur ¾ S» SŐ 0j fpeVk ¾ 䁐ĥi H]
fcxqy ¾ S fHkLrh ¾ �ᄯ0 0 0 k ś

vHkkfxu ¾ ĵ d E Su jsofM;k¡ ¾ �ᄯ0


lsob;k ¾ 䁤� 0E [kq”kcw ¾ ᐎ
nkeu ¾ H pdukpwj ¾ Sd ĥ

HkMdhys ¾ ¸H] ᐎ j iMksl ¾ H]d


Vksfy;k¡ ¾ ȏSu rok ¾ ĥ1 u 锘
izHkkr ¾ Âu
canwd ¾ ˟s iĥ
nksigj ¾ E j锘
/kkok cksyuk ¾ d d rĥ

P.VEERABHADRA RAO ( S.A. HINDI ) t;fgan MOBILE NO : 8499981128


8

vFkZxzkg~;rk izfrfdz;k
1-bZnxkg dgkuh ds dgkuhdkj dkSu gSa\budh jpukvksa dh fo”ks’krk D;k gS\
t-bZnxkg dgkuh ds dgkuhdkj eaq”kh iszepan gSaA os miU;kl lezkV gSaA
budh jpukvksa esa [kkldj Hkkjr ds xzkeh.k thou dk ltho fp=.k]
uSfrd ewY;ksa dk Li’Vhdj.k vkfn dk egRo vf/kd fn[kk;h iMrk gSA
budh Hkk’kk pyrh gqbZ eqgkojsnkj fganh gSA
2- dgkuh ds vk/kkj ij crkb, fd gkfen dk LoHkko dSlk gS \
t-dgkuh ds vk/kkj ij gkfen dk LoHkko ,dne vPNk vkSj mRre FkkA og
vius fy, ugha viuksa dsfy, lksprk FkkA tks feys mlh ls larq’V gks
tkrk FkkA
vfHkO;fDr l`tukRedrk
1- gkfen ds LFkku ij vki gksrs rks D;k [kjhnrs vkSj D;ksa \
t- gkfen ds LFkku ij eSa gksrk rks esjs ikl ftruk /ku gS] mlh ls ekrk
firk vkSj HkkbZ cgu dsfy, vko”;d phtsa [kjhndj mudks nsrk gw¡A
mudks lq[kh j[kuk gh esjk izeq[k vk”k; gSA
2- viuh nknh ds izfr gkfen dh Hkkouk,¡ dSlh Fkh \vius “kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
t- gkfen viuh nknh dk [kwc vknj djrk FkkA mldk dguk ekurk FkkA
mls fdlh izdkj dk d’V nsuk ugha pkgrk FkkA nknh dk gkFk tyus dk
d’V nwj djus fpeVk [kjhn yk;kA
3- bZnxkg dgkuh dk lkja”k vius “kCnksa esa fyf[k,A
t- bZnxkg dgkuh ds ys[kd fganh ds miU;kl lezkV eaq”kh iszepan gSaA
bl dgkuh ds n~okjk ys[kd us ekuo esa uSfrd ewY;ksa dk fodkl vkSj cMs
cqtqxksZa ds izfr vknj Hkkouk j[kus dh ckr ij tksj fn;k gSA
gkfen uked ,d yMdk gSA mlds ekrk&firk nksuksa chekjh ds
dkj.k ej x;s FksA cw<h nknh vehuk gkfen dh ns[kcky dj jgh gSA
bZn dk R;kSgkj vk;k gSA gkfen bZn dh [kqf”k;k¡ euk jgk gSA lc
yksx bZnxkg tkus yxsA gkfen Hkh muds lkFk bZnxkg x;kA bZnxkg esa
dk;Zdze iwjk gqvkA

P.VEERABHADRA RAO ( S.A. HINDI ) t;fgan MOBILE NO : 8499981128


9

jkLrs esa lc cPps feBkbZ vkSj f[kykSuksa dh nqdkuksa ij /kkok cksy


nsrs gSaA os lc vius eupkgh phtsa [kjhndj vkuan euk jgs gSaA gkfen rks
vius vkidks jksds lc ns[k jgk gSA
gkfen us rhu iSls esa ,d fpeVk [kjhn yk;k vkSj ?kj igq¡p
x;kA gkfen ds gkFk esa fpeVk ns[kdj nknh us dkj.k iwNk rks gkfen us
crk;k fd ml ¼vehuk½ ds gkFk jksVh mrkjrs le; ros ls ty tkrs gSA
vr% mlds fy, fpeVk yk;kA ;g ckr lqudj vehuk fi?ky x;hA
mldk eu xn~xn gks x;kA
4- cMs cqtqxkaZs ds izfr vknj Jn~/kk vkSj Lusg Hkkoukvksa dk egRo vius
“kCnksa esa crkb,A
t-1-gesa vius cMs cqtqxksaZ ds izfr vknj]Jn~/kk vkSj LusgHkko j[kuk pkfg,A
2-cMs cqtqxksaZ dh egkurk dk fooj.k lHkh dks crkuk pkfg,A
3-cMksa dh ckrksa dk f/kDdkj ugha djuk pkfg,A
4-muls izse ls ckrsa djuh pkfg,A
5-ckgj tkrs le; ;FkklaHko muds lkFk tkuk pkfg,A
6-mu ij fpMfpMkgV ugha fn[kkuk pkfg,A
7-mudks le; ds vuqlkj nok,¡ nsuh pkfg,A
5-gkfen vkSj muds fe=ksa ds chp gqbZ ckrphr dh fdlh ,d ?kVuk dks
laokn ds :Ik esa fyf[k,A
t-¼ gkfen vkSj muds fe= bZnxkg esa uekt gksus ds ckn ogk¡ ds esys es
tkrs gSaA ,d nwljs ls ckrphr djrs gSaA½
eksgflu %& egewn! rqeus D;k [kjhnk \
egewn %& eSaus flikgh [kjhnkA rqeus D;k [kjhnk \
eksgflu %& eSaus fHk”rh [kjhnkA uwj! rqe D;k [kjhnrs gks \
uwj %& eSa odhy [kjhnrk gw¡A lEeh! rqe D;k [kjhnrs gks \
lEEkh %& eq>s /kksfcu vPNh yxhA eSa bls [kjhnrk gw¡A
eksgflu %& gkfen! jsoMh ys ys]cgqr [k”kcwnkj gSA
lEEkh %& og vius rhu iSls esa D;k D;k ysxk \
¼ gkfen rhu iSls esa fpeVk [kjhndj ?kj ykSV vkrk gSA ½

P.VEERABHADRA RAO ( S.A. HINDI ) t;fgan MOBILE NO : 8499981128


10

Û bZn ds fnu dk fp=.k vius “kCnksa esa dhft,A


t- bZn ds fnu izHkkr cgqr lqgkouk vkSj euksgj gSA o`{kksa ij fujkyh gfj;kyh gSA
[ksrksa esa vuks[kh “kksHkk gSA vkleku ykfyek ls “kksfHkr gSA lw;Z cgqr “khry gSA
og bZn dh “kqHkdkeuk,¡ ns jgk gSA
Û gkfen xjhc gS fQj Hkh og bZn ds fnu vU; yMdksa ls vf/kd izlUu gS D;ksa \
Tk- gkfen blfy, izlUu gS fd og vk”kkoknh gSA mlds firk #Ik;s dekus x;sA
mldh ekrk mlds fy, cgqr lh vPNh phtsa ykus x;hA og esyk Hkh tk jgk
gSA
Û gkfen dh [kq”kh dk dkj.k D;k gS \
t- gkfen blfy, [kq”k gS fd mlds firk #Ik;s dekus x;sA mldh ekrk mldsfy,
cgqr lh vPNh phtsa ykus x;hA og esyk Hkh tk jgk gSA
Û gkfen fpeVk D;ks [kjhnuk pkgrk Fkk \
t- gkfen dh nknh ds ikl fpeVk ugha FkkA jksfV;k¡ mrkjrs le; mlds gkFk ty
tkrs FksA nknh dk ;g d’V nwj djus dsfy, gkfen fpeVk [kjhnuk pkgrk FkkA
Û gkfen ds g`n;Li”khZ fopkjksa ds izfr nknh vEek dh Hkkouk,¡ dSlh Fkh \
t- gkfen ds g`n;Li”khZ fopkjksa ds izfr nknh vEek ds eu esa ;s Hkkouk,¡ mRiUu gqbZ
Fkha fd gkfen esa cgqr R;kx] ln~Hkko vkSj foosd gSaA cPpksa ds f[kykSus o feBkbZ
ysrs ns[kdj bldk eu Hkh cgqr yypk;k gksxkA fQj Hkh ;g esjh ¼nknh dh½ ;kn
cuh jghA ;g lc lkspdj vehuk dk fny fi?ky tkrk gSA og gkfen dks nqvk,¡
nsrh tkrh gSA

Hkk’kk dh ckr
v-1- i;kZ;okph “kCn
1- bZn ¾ R;kSgkj & bZn eqlyekuksa dk izeq[k R;kSgkj gSA
2- izHkkr ¾ izkr%dky]lqcg]losjk & gesa izHkkr ds le; esa gh tkxuk pkfg,A
3- o`{k ¾ isM] r# ] ikni & o`{k gesa o’kkZ nsrs gSaA
chekjh ¾ jksx dher ¾ ewY; [kq”kcw ¾ lqxU/k

P.VEERABHADRA RAO ( S.A. HINDI ) t;fgan MOBILE NO : 8499981128


11

2-foykse “kCn
1-vijk/kh x fujijk/kh & jke fujijk/kh gSA
2-izlUu x vizlUu & ijh{kk esa de vad feyus ls eSa vizlUu gw¡A
iqjkuk x u;k vanj x ckgj ikl x nwj
izdk”k x va/ksjk vehj x xjhc vPNk x cqjk
3-opu
feBkbZ & feBkb;k¡ & eq>s feBkb;k¡ cgqr ilan gSA
fpeVk & fpeVs & fpeVs ls jksfV;k¡ mrkjrh gSA
lMd & lMdsa & “kgj dh lMdsa fo”kky vkSj lqanj gSaA
Vksyh & Vksfy;k¡ f[kykSuk & f[kykSus cw¡n & cw¡nsa
Vksih & Vksfi;k¡ Ckxhpk & Ckxhps nqdku & nqdkusa
jksVh & jksfV;k¡ #i;k & #i;s bekjr & bekjrsa
chekjh & chekfj;k¡ twrk & twrs vk¡[k & vk¡[ksa
m¡xyh & m¡xfy;k¡ esyk & esys vkSjr & vkSjrsa
vk- 1-milxZ
Cksle> & cs ln~Hkko & lr~ fuMj & fu
vufxur & vu fujijk/kh & fuj~ vHkkfxu & v
fujk”kk & fuj~ vfoosd & v
2-izR;;
nqdkunkj & nkj HkMdhyk & bZyk xjhch & bZ
[kq”kcqnkj & nkj yypkbZ & vkbZ vijk/kh & bZ
ykfyek & bek cqf<;k & b;k rS;kjh & bZ
ekfeZd & bd fodflr & br feBkbZ & bZ
3-Hkkookpd laKk
yMdk & yMdiu izlUu & izlUurk cw<k & cq<kik
ckyd & ckydiu lqUnj & lqUnjrk yky & ykfyek
cPpk & cpiu
gjk & gfj;kyh ehBk & feBkl

P.VEERABHADRA RAO ( S.A. HINDI ) t;fgan MOBILE NO : 8499981128


12

b- 2-eqgkojsa
1- HksaV gks tkuk ¾ vfIkZr gksuk]ej tkuk & bl lky dbZ yksx djksuk ds HksaV gks x;sA
2- Ikhyh iM tkuk ¾ dkafrghu gksuk]{kh.k gksuk&uhan dh deh ls psgjk Ikhyk iM tkrk gSA
3- fny dpksVuk ¾ nq%[kh gksuk & vukFk cPPkksa dks ns[kdj esjk fny dpksV jgk gSA
4- Xkys feyuk ¾ vkfyaxu djuk &bZn ds fnu eqlyeku HkkbZ xys feykdj eqckjd nsrs gSA
5- Pkduk pwj gks tkuk¾ uk”k gksuk& egs”k dk O;kikj ew[kZrk ds dkj.k Pkduk pwj gks x;kA
6-fny cSB tkuk ¾ v/khj gksuk] fujk”k gksuk & xjhcksa dks ns[kdj esjk fny cSB tkrk gSA
7-xn~xn~ gks tkuk ¾ iqyfdr gksuk]izlUu gksuk&d{kk esa izFke vkus ij eSa xn~xn~ gks x;kA
8-/kkok cksyuk ¾ vkdze.k djuk] geyk djuk
9-dystk etcwr djuk ¾ n`<rk ls dguk
10-eksy ysuk ¾ [kjhnuk

Û lekl Û
& n~oan~o lekl & & n~foxq lekl &
,d&nks & ,d ;k nks Rkhu iSls & rhu iSlksa dk lewg
nl&ckjg & nl ;k ckjg ckjg iSls & ckjg iSlksa dk lewg
Pkkj&ik¡p & Pkkj ;k ik¡p & vO;;hHkko lekl &
ekrk&firk & ekrk vkSj firk vufxur & tks fxuk uk tk lds
nqcyk&iryk & nqcyk vkSj iryk ijyksd & yksd ls ijs
csle> & le> ls fcuk
feBkb~Z nqdku & feBkb~Z dh nqdku & rRiq#’k lekl
iqjkuh Vksih & iqjkuh gS tks Vksih & deZ/kkj; lekl

Û fyax Û
vEEhtku & vCcktku nknk & nknh Ckw<k & cw<h
firk & ekrk csVk & csVh cPpk & cPph
/kksch & /kksfcu yMdk & yMdh

lekEr

P.VEERABHADRA RAO ( S.A. HINDI ) t;fgan MOBILE NO : 8499981128

You might also like