Holy Trinity University

COLLEGE OF EDUCATION AND ARTS

Bachelor of Elementary Education
Puerto Princesa City

Julio Arzaga Elementary School

GRADE IV

Detailed lesson Plan

In
Mathematics 4

I - OBJECTIVES

At the end of 45-minutes discussion, the grade III pupils are expected to do the
following with at least 75% proficiency level:

a. Identify the similar and dissimilar fractions;

b. Demonstrates understanding of addition and subtraction of similar and
dissimilar fractions; and
c. Perform the addition and subtraction of similar and dissimilar fractions.

II - SUBJECT MATTER

Topic: Numbers and Number Sense - Addition and Subtraction of Similar and
Dissimilar fractions.
Reference:
1. BEAM LG Gr.4 Module 9 – Addition and Subtraction of Fractions
2. MISOSA Module Gr.4 – Addition of Similar Fractions, Fractions and
Whole Numbers, Subtraction of Similar Fractions
3. MISOSA Module Gr.5 – Addition of Dissimilar Fractions
4. MISOSA Module Gr.6 – Subtraction of Dissimilar Fractions in Simple
Forms
Materials: Powerpoint, laptop, speaker, projector, box, manila paper, markers,
and cartolinas
Values: Teamwork and Time Management

1 | Page
III - PROCEDURE

Teachers Activity Pupils Activity

A. Preparation

Alright, may I request

for everyone to stand up (The pupils will stand and pray.)
please for our opening prayer
for today. Thank you!

Anyone who wants to lead

our prayer? Rhea?

Good morning dear pupils! Good morning ma’am, good morning classmates!

Okay, you may now take your Thank you Mam.

seats.

Are you ready for our lesson Yes, we are.

this morning?

1. DRILL

I have here a video to present

to you all, I want you all to
pay attention very carefully to Yes, Ma’am.
the video? Understand?

(The teacher will play the

video.)

What can you say about the

video? What is it all about? The video is all about fractions.

Very Good!

2 | Page
 Can you recall the different Yes! ⅓, ½, ¼, and so on…
fractions on the video? What
are those fractions?

Correct!

2. REVIEW

Before we proceed to our new

lesson today, let’s have a
review first. Similar fractions are fractions with the same
What is a similar fraction? denominators.

Correct!
Dissimilar fractions are fractions with different
How about a dissimilar denominators.
fraction?

Very Good.

3. MOTIVATION

Now, let’s have an activity. I

have a box here, and this box
contains different kinds of
fractions. I will be rolling this
box, and when it stops,
whatever fraction is on the
top that will be the chosen
fraction. After that I will spin
the wheel on the screen which
contains your names, and the
name that will appear will
have to show the illustration
of the fraction on the box that
was rolled earlier.

Do you understand? Yes, Ma’am!

Okay, very good. Now let’s (The activity start)

start our activity.

Very good. Everyone!

4. PRESENTATION

3 | Page
 Based on your activity earlier,
what have you observed with Similar and Dissimilar fractions.
the different fractions that we
used?

That’s correct!

Since, you can now identify

correctly the similar and
dissimilar fractions. Now we
will tackle the addition and
subtraction of similar and
dissimilar fractions.

How to add similar fractions?

Step 1: First check whether the given

fractions are similar or not (that is,
they have the common/same
denominator or not). If they are
similar fractions, then go to step 2.

Step 2: Add the numerators of the

given fractions.

Step 3: Then the sum of the given

two similar fractions will be

sum of numerators

= ________________

Common/same denominator

By Computation:

¼ + 2/4 = ¾ or in Illustration:

4 | Page
How to add dissimilar fractions?

Step 1: To add dissimilar fractions,

we should make them similar
fractions by matching their
equivalent form for which their
denominators are similar.

Step 2: To make them similar

fractions, find the Least Common
Multiple (LCM) of the denominators
or the Least Common Denominator
(LCD).

Step 3: Add the numerators and use

the same denominators.

By Computation:

● Find the least common

denominator

½+¼=

½ = /4

¼ = /4

5 | Page
 ● Find fractions equal to the
given fraction

½ x 2/2 = 2/4

¼ x 1/1 or 1 = ¼

● Add the numerators and

use the common
denominators. Reduce to
the lowest if possible.

2/4 + ¼ = ¾
1. 2/5 + 1/5 = 3/5
Let’s Try This:
2. 4/6 + 1/6 = 5/6
3. 1/5 + 1/3 = LCD is 15 = 1/5 (3/3) + 1/3
1. 2/5 + 1/5 =
(5/5) = 3/15 + 5/15 = 8/15
2. 4/6 + 1/6 =
4. 2/8 + 5/9 = LCD is 72 = 2/8 (9/9) + 5/9
3. 1/5 + 1/3 =
(8/8) = 18/72 + 45/72 = 63/72 = 63/72 =
7/8
4. 2/8 + 5/9 =

Good Job!

How to subtract similar fractions?

Step 1: First check whether the given

fractions are similar or not (that is,
they have the common/same
denominator or not). If they are
similar fractions, then go to step 2.

Step 2: Subtract the numerators of

the given fractions.

Step 3: Then the difference of the

given two similar fractions will be

difference of numerators

= ________________

Common/same denominator

By Computation:

6 | Page
¾ - ¼ = 2/4 or in Illustration

How to subtract dissimilar

fractions?

Step 1: To subtract dissimilar

fractions, we should make them
similar fractions by matching their
equivalent form for which their
denominators are similar.

Step 2: To make them similar

fractions, find the Least Common
Multiple (LCM) of the denominators
or the Least Common Denominator
(LCD).

Step 3: Subtract the numerators and

use the same denominators.

7 | Page
By Computation:

● Find the least common

denominator

¾-½=

¾ = /4

½ = /4

● Find fractions equal to the

given fraction

¾ x 4/4 or 1 = ¾

½ x 2/2 = 2/4

● Subtract the numerators

and use the common
denominators. Reduce to
the lowest if possible.

3/4 - 2/4 = ¼

Let’s Try This!

1. 3/8 - 2/8 =
2. 4/7 - 1/7 =
3. 5/9 - 2/4 = 1) 3/8 – 2/8 = 1/8
4. 3/5 – 1/3 = 2) 4/7 – 1/7 = 3/7
3) 5/9 – 2/4 = LCD is 36 = 5/9 (4/4) – 2/4
Very Good everyone! (9/9) = 20/36 – 18/36 = 2/36 = 1/12
4) 3/5 – 2/3 = LCD is 15 = 3/5 (3/3) – 1/3
Now let’s have a group activity. (5/5) = 9/15 – 5/15 = 4/15

I will divide you into 2 groups. Our

group activity is called Fraction
Relay Race. Both groups will have
the same tasks and will race to
complete the fraction-related
challenges relay-style. I will give
same set’s of activities about the
addition and subtraction of similar
and dissimilar activities. You have 3
set’s of activities to finish and you
have to finish this within 15 minutes
only. Is that clear?
8 | Page
1. Divide a rectangle into 6 equal Yes Ma’am!
parts and color 4 parts to represent
4/6. Post this on the board once you
finish it and go back to me to get
the second activity.
2. Solve this subtraction equation
involving similar and dissimilar
fractions:
a) 7/9 - 4/9 =

b) 3/7 - 2/9 =

Post this on the board once you

finish it and go back to me to get
the third activity.
3. Create an illustration of two
similar fractions and then add the
two similar fractions and post it on
the board. After you finish doing
this activity chant a simple yell to
indicate that you’re already
finished.

Rubric:
• Participation and engagement
- 10 pts.
• Accuracy in solving fraction
problems - 15 pts.
• First one to finish - 15 pts.

You may now start

Congratulations Everyone, you did a

job well done!
(The students starts doing the activity)
I want you all to give yourselves a
“Amazing Clap”.

1..2..3 – 1..2..3 Amazing-Amazing-

5. GENERALIZATION Amaaaaazing!
Since we are now done with
our discussions and activities.

9 | Page
 May I ask again, how you
will identify if the fraction is
similar and dissimilar?

In adding similar fractions do The fraction is similar if they have same

you have to find the LCD denominators and it is dissimilar fraction if they
first? don’t have the same denominators.

Okay, then what must be the No, Ma’am!

process of the addition of
similar fractions?

Correct! Just direct add the numerators and then copy the
denominators.
How about in adding
dissimilar fractions?

We have to change them into similar fractions,

That’s great! and in order to that we have to find first their
LCD. Once they’re same denominators, add the
What about the subtraction of numerators and copy the denominators.
similar and dissimilar
fractions?

For the subtraction of similar fractions, Ma’am,

same process with the addition but we have to
use the minus sign to get the difference.

And for the subtraction of dissimilar fractions,

Great Job Everyone! same process also to the addition of dissimilar
fractions but we have to use the minus sign to get
6. FIXING SKILLS/ the difference of the two dissimilar fractions.
APPLICATION

Now, we will have another

activity. This will be done by
pair, so I want you to find
your pair. Each pair will
pick/choose a shape displayed
on the board. In each of those
shapes consists of different
fraction equations, and that
will be the assigned task for
you as a pair. I will only give
you 5 minutes to do this.
After you finish your task.

10 | Page
 You will present and explain
in front. Do you understand?

Alright, you may now start.

Yes, Ma’am!

(The students’ starts doing the activity)

Nicely done, my dearest
students!

I want you all to give

yourselves a “Congratulations
Clap”
1..2..3 – 1..2..3 –
Congrats..Congrats..Congratulations

IV - EVALUATION

Directions: Add and Subtract the following fractions. Show your solution.

1. 3/5 + 4/5 =
2. 5/7 + 2/3 =
3. 1/9 + 4/7 =
4. 2/8 + 6/8 =
5. 4/9 + 3/4 =
6. 2/5 – 2/6 =
7. 3/4 - 3/8 =
8. 2/3 – 1/3 =
9. 2/9 – 2/7 =
10. 5/6 – 3/6 =

V – ASSIGNMENT

Directions: Create a recipe that involves adding and subtracting similar and
dissimilar fractions to understand real-life applications.

11 | Page
 Prepared by:

AUBREY HANNAH ELAH L. MENDOZA

Student teacher

Approved by:

MR. MARK DONNEL D. VIERNES

Instructor

12 | Page