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    Algebraic Topology Cheat Sheet

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    Prince Srivastava

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Algebraic Topology Cheat Sheet

    Uploaded by

    Prince Srivastava
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    Algebraic Topology Cheat Sheet

    Uploaded by

    Prince Srivastava

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Algebraic Topology Cheat Sheet

    Topology CW Complex
    A topology on a set X is the tuple (X, T ) where T is a collection of (open) A CW complex is a space X = ∪n X n where each X n is inductively built with
    subsets of X such that the following process,
    • ∅ ∈ T, X ∈ T . • X0 is an discrete set.
    • Closed under unions. • Xn is constructed from Xn−1 by ‘attaching’ n−cells enα (spaces homeo-
    • Closed under finite intersections. morphic to n−dimensional discs Dn ) this attachment is via continuous
    maps φα : S n−1 → X n−1 (note that S n−1 is just ∂Dk ), in particular
    Constructions on topologies this is just a quotient map where the points on the boundaries are being
    For a topological space (X, T ). identified with points in Xn−1
    For a subset Y of X there exists a subspace topology naturally endowed To labour the point, Xn is given as the pushout of the corner consisting of the
    upon Y characterized by the following UMP, continuous mappings from an- inclusion mapping from the disjoint union of spheres into disks and φα
    other topology Z to X factors through Y with the inclusion mapping, i.e. g is
    continuous iff f is, Constructions on CW complexes
    X
    g=f ◦i
    i

    f
    Z Y
    The quotient topology of X on some set S given a surjection π : X → X is
    characterized by the following UMP, continuous mappings from X → Z factor
    through S,
    X
    g=π◦f
    π

    f
    Z S
    For a family of topologies on Xa the product topology X = a Xa is charac-
    Q
    terized by the following UMP, continuous mappings from a topology Z → Xa
    factor through X for all a,

    Xa

    g=f ◦πa
    πa

    Z f
    X

    The coproduct topology (i.e. the disjoint unions) is characterized similarly


    simply as the dual of the above.

    Deformation retraction
    A deformation retract of a space onto a subspace is a family of continuous
    maps from identity to the subspace and every map restricted to the subspace
    is identity. In particular for a topology X and subspace A it is a family of maps
    ft (x), t ∈ [0, 1] continuous in x such that f0 = Id and f1 (X) = A, ft |A = Id

    Homotopy
    A homotopy is a generalization of deformation retractions. It is defined to be
    a family of maps between arbitrary topologies X, Y , ft : X → Y for t ∈ [0, 1]
    such that f0 = X, f1 = Y and the map H : X × [0, 1] → Y, H(x, t) = ft (x) is
    continuous.
    Topologies are said to be homotopically equivalent if there exists continu-
    ous maps f : X → Y and g : Y → X such that g ◦ f is homotopic to IdX and
    f ◦ g is homotopic to IdY .
    Homeomorphism =⇒ homotopy equivalent but the converse need not be true.
    A topology is contractible if its identity map is homotopic to a constant
    function (i.e. null homotopic)

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