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    Chapter 3

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    Chapter 3

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    2 views2 pages

    Chapter 3

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    agamjot496

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Chapter 3: Communication and Internet Technologies

    3.1 Introduction to Networks

     Definition: A network is a collection of computers and other devices connected


    together to share resources and communicate.
     Types of Networks:
    o LAN (Local Area Network): Limited geographic area, such as a home,
    office, or campus.
    o WAN (Wide Area Network): Covers large geographical areas, often
    connecting multiple LANs.

    3.2 Network Topologies

     Bus Topology: All devices are connected to a single cable (main bus).
     Star Topology: All devices are connected to a central hub or switch.
     Mesh Topology: Devices are interconnected in a decentralized manner.

    3.3 Network Protocols

     Definition: Protocols are rules governing communication between devices on a


    network.
     Examples of Protocols:
    o TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol): Standard
    protocol suite for internet communication.
    o HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol): Protocol for transmitting hypertext
    requests and responses.
    o FTP (File Transfer Protocol): Protocol for transferring files between a client
    and a server.

    3.4 The Internet and World Wide Web

     Internet: Global network of interconnected networks using TCP/IP protocols.


     World Wide Web (WWW): System of interlinked hypertext documents accessed via
    the internet.
     Web Browser: Software application for retrieving and presenting web resources.

    3.5 Cloud Computing Basics

     Definition: Cloud computing refers to the delivery of computing services (e.g.,


    servers, storage, databases, software) over the internet.
     Advantages: Scalability, accessibility, cost-efficiency, and flexibility.
     Examples: Cloud service providers like AWS (Amazon Web Services), Microsoft
    Azure, Google Cloud.

    3.6 Cybersecurity and Data Protection

     Importance of Cybersecurity: Protecting networks, devices, and data from


    unauthorized access, attacks, and damage.
     Measures: Firewalls, encryption, antivirus software, authentication methods (e.g.,
    passwords, biometrics).
     Data Protection Laws: GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation), CCPA
    (California Consumer Privacy Act), etc.

    Summary

     Understanding communication and internet technologies is essential for utilizing


    networks, protocols, and internet-based services effectively.
     Key concepts include network types, topologies, protocols (TCP/IP, HTTP, FTP), the
    internet, World Wide Web, cloud computing, cybersecurity, and data protection.

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