Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 6 views

    Aspdpkjasdas

    Uploaded by

    Ignacio Del Pino

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Aspdpkjasdas

    Uploaded by

    Ignacio Del Pino
    6 views15 pages

    Original Title

    aspdpkjasdas

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    6 views15 pages

    Aspdpkjasdas

    Uploaded by

    Ignacio Del Pino

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as TXT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as txt, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 15

    Question:

    Two cars that are 600 km apart are moving towards each other. Their speeds differ
    by 6 km per hour and the cars are 123 km apart after
    4
    1
    2
    4
    2
    1

    hours. Find the speed of each car.

    Difficulty: Easy
    Solution:

    Let the speed of the two cars be


    𝑥
    x and
    𝑦
    y km/h.

    According to the given conditions:

    The speed of the two cars differ by 6 km/h

    𝑥
    −
    𝑦
    =
    6
    .
    .
    .

    (
    1
    )
    x−y=6... (1)

    We know that, Distace Covered


    =
    = Speed
    ×
    × Time.

    Distance Covered by Car with


    𝑥
    x Speed
    =
    𝑥
    ×
    4
    1
    2
    =
    4
    1
    2
    𝑥
    =x×4
    2
    1

    =4
    2
    1

    Distance Covered by Car with


    𝑦
    y Speed
    =
    𝑦
    ×
    4
    1
    2
    =
    4
    1
    2
    𝑦
    =y×4
    2
    1

    =4
    2
    1

    Total Distance Covered by Both Cars


    =
    600
    −
    123
    =
    477
    =600−123=477

    Hence

    4
    1
    2
    𝑥
    +
    4
    1
    2
    𝑦
    =
    477
    4
    2
    1

    x+4
    2
    1

    y=477

    9
    2
    𝑥
    +
    9
    2
    𝑦
    =
    477
    2
    9

    x+
    2
    9

    y=477

    9
    2
    (
    𝑥
    +
    𝑦
    )
    =
    477
    2
    9

    (x+y)=477

    𝑥
    +
    𝑦
    =
    477
    ×
    2
    9
    x+y=
    9
    477×2

    𝑥
    +
    𝑦
    =
    954
    9
    x+y=
    9
    954

    𝑥
    +
    𝑦
    =
    106
    .
    .
    .

    (
    2
    )
    x+y=106... (2)

    Method 1: Matrix Inversion Method

    Write the linear equations


    (
    1
    )
    (1) and
    (
    2
    )
    (2) in matrix form.

    𝐴
    𝑋
    =
    𝐵
    AX=B

    [
    1
    −
    1
    1
    1
    ]
    [
    𝑥
    𝑦
    ]
    [
    1
    1
    −1
    1

    ][
    x
    y

    ] =
    [
    6
    106
    ]
    [
    6
    106

    According to matrix inversion method, solution


    𝑋
    X can be found by the following formula:

    𝑋
    =
    𝐴
    −
    1
    𝐵
    X=A
    −1
    B

    ∣
    A
    ∣
    =
    ∣
    1
    −
    1
    1
    1
    ∣
    =
    1
    ×
    1
    −
    1
    ×
    (
    −
    1
    )
    =
    1
    +
    1
    =
    2

    0
    ∣A∣=

    1
    1

    −1
    1

    =1×1−1×(−1)=1+1=2 = 0

    The coefficient matrix


    𝐴
    A is non-singular therefore
    𝐴
    −
    1
    A
    −1
    exists.

    [
    𝑥
    𝑦
    ]
    [
    x
    y

    ] =
    A
    −
    1
    [
    6
    106
    ]
    A
    −1
    [
    6
    106

    ]
    =
    1
    ∣
    A
    ∣

    𝐴
    𝑑
    𝑗
    A
    [
    6
    106
    ]
    ∣A∣
    1

    Adj A[
    6
    106

    =
    1
    2
    [
    1
    1
    −
    1
    1
    ]
    [
    6
    106
    ]
    2
    1

    [
    1
    −1

    1
    1

    ][
    6
    106

    =
    1
    2
    [
    1
    ×
    6
    +
    1
    ×
    106
    −
    1

    ×
    6
    +
    1
    ×
    106
    ]
    2
    1

    [
    1 ×6+1×106
    −1 ×6+1×106

    =
    1
    2
    [
    6
    +
    106
    −
    6
    +
    106
    ]
    2
    1

    [
    6+106
    −6+106

    =
    1
    2
    [
    112
    100
    ]
    2
    1

    [
    112
    100

    [
    𝑥
    𝑦
    ]
    [
    x
    y

    ]=
    [
    56
    50
    ]
    [
    56
    50

    Therefore
    𝑥
    =
    56
    x=56 and
    𝑦
    =
    50
    y=50

    Hence the speed of the two cars is 56 km/h and 50 km/h respectively.

    Method 2: Cramer’s Rule

    Write the linear equations


    (
    1
    )
    (1) and
    (
    2
    )
    (2) in matrix form.

    𝐴
    𝑋
    =
    𝐵
    AX=B

    [
    1
    −
    1
    1
    1
    ]
    [
    𝑥
    𝑦
    ]
    [
    1
    1

    −1
    1

    ][
    x
    y

    ] =
    [
    6
    106
    ]
    [
    6
    106

    According to Cramer's Rule:

    𝑥
    =
    ∣
    𝐴
    𝑥
    ∣
    ∣
    𝐴
    ∣
    x=
    ∣A∣
    ∣A
    x

    𝑦
    =
    ∣
    𝐴
    𝑦
    ∣
    ∣
    𝐴
    ∣
    y=
    ∣A∣
    ∣A
    y

    ∣
    A
    ∣
    =
    ∣
    1
    −
    1
    1
    1
    ∣
    =
    1
    ×
    1
    −
    1
    ×
    (
    −
    1
    )
    =
    1
    +
    1
    =
    2

    0
    ∣A∣=

    1
    1

    −1
    1

    =1×1−1×(−1)=1+1=2 = 0
    The coefficient matrix
    𝐴
    A is non-singular therefore solution exists.

    For
    𝐴
    𝑥
    A
    x

    , the
    𝑥
    x column is replaced with the constant column
    𝐵
    B

    𝐴
    𝑥
    =
    [
    6
    −
    1
    106
    1
    ]
    A
    x

    =[
    6
    106

    −1
    1

    ∣
    𝐴
    𝑥
    ∣
    =
    ∣
    6
    −
    1
    106
    1
    ∣
    =
    6

    ×
    1
    −
    (
    −
    1
    )

    ×
    (
    106
    )
    =
    6
    +
    106
    =
    112
    ∣A
    x

    ∣=

    6
    106

    −1
    1

    =6 ×1−(−1) ×(106)=6+106=112

    𝑥
    =
    ∣
    𝐴
    𝑥
    ∣
    ∣
    𝐴
    ∣
    =
    112
    2
    =
    56
    x=
    ∣A∣
    ∣A
    x

    =
    2
    112

    =56
    For
    𝐴
    𝑦
    A
    y

    , the
    𝑦
    y column is replaced with the constant column
    𝐵
    B

    𝐴
    𝑦
    =
    [
    1
    6
    1
    106
    ]
    A
    y

    =[
    1
    1

    6
    106

    ∣
    𝐴
    𝑦
    ∣
    =
    ∣
    1
    6
    1
    106
    ∣
    =
    1

    ×
    106
    −
    6

    ×
    1
    =
    106
    −
    6
    =
    100
    ∣A
    y

    ∣=

    1
    1

    6
    106

    =1 ×106−6 ×1=106−6=100

    𝑦
    =
    ∣
    𝐴
    𝑦
    ∣
    ∣
    𝐴
    ∣
    =
    100
    2
    =
    50
    y=
    ∣A∣
    ∣A
    y

    =
    2
    100

    =50

    Hence the speed of the two cars is 56 km/h and 50 km/h respectively.

    You might also like