Topic 9 Similarity & Congruency

SIMILARITY AND
CONGRUENCY
Topic 9
Asif Soomro
0333-2773315
Mathematics 4024 Topic 9 : Similarity and Congruency
1 Jun 2011 Paper 1 Q 10
These two cylinders are similar. The ratio of their volumes is 8 : 27. The height of cylinder A is 12 cm.
Find the height of cylinder B. [2]
2 Nov 2011 Paper 1 Q 20
The triangles ABC and XYZ are similar and ABˆ C = XYˆZ .
BAˆ C = x, YZˆX = y where x  y . AB = 3 cm, XY = 4 cm and YZ = 5 cm.
(a) Express ABˆ C in terms of x and y. [1]
(b) Find BC. [1]
area of triangle ABC

(c) Write down the value of area of triangle XYZ [1]
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3 Nov 2011 Paper 2 Q 9
In Diagram I, ABCD is a square. P and Q are the midpoints of AD and AB respectively.

(a) Show that triangles APB and BQC are congruent. [3]
(b)
In Diagram II, QC and PB intersect at M. Show that BMˆ C = 90°.

State your reasons clearly. [2]
(c)
In Diagram III, the circle centre Q has diameter AB. The circle intersects BP at N.
(i) State the reason why ANˆ B = 90°. [1]
(ii) Triangle BMQ is mapped onto triangle BNA by an enlargement. Write down the centre
and scale factor of the enlargement. [1]
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(iii) Given that QM = 3 cm,

(a) find AN, [1]
(b) show that MN = 6 cm, [1]
(c) find MC, [1]
(d) find the area of triangle APB. [2]
4 Nov 2012 Paper 1 Q 18

In the diagram, the points P and Q lie on the sides BC and AC of triangle ABC. AB is parallel to QP.
AQ = 2 cm and QC = 4 cm. The area of triangle CPQ is 6 cm2. Find the area of
(a) triangle AQP, [1]
(b) triangle ABC, [1]
(c) triangle ABP. [1]
5 Nov 2012 Paper 2 Q 4(b)

(b) A, B, D and E are points on a circle.
AD and BE intersect at C.
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(i) Show that triangles ABC and EDC are similar. Give your reasons. [2]
(ii)
Given that AC = 5 cm, BC = 5.5 cm and CE = 2 cm, find the length of the chord AD. [2]
6 Nov 2013 Paper 1 Q 26

In the diagram, AB is parallel to DC and ADˆ B = BCˆ D .
(a) Explain why triangles ABD and BDC are similar. [2]
(b) AB = 4cm, BD = 6cm and AD = 4.2cm.

(i) Calculate BC. [2]
area of triangle ABD

(ii) Write down the value of area of triangle BDC . [1]
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7 Nov 2013 Paper 2 Q 4(b)

(b)
A circle centre P and a circle centre Q intersect at R and S.

(i) Show that triangle PRQ is congruent to triangle PSQ. [3]
(ii)
RS and PQ intersect at T.
(a) State the name of the special quadrilateral PRQS. [1]
(b) Find PTˆR . [1]
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8 Jun 2014 Paper 2 Q 11(a)

(a) The diagram shows two circles with equal radii. A, E and C are points on the circle, centre B.
B, E, D and F are points on the circle, centre C. ABCD is a straight line.
(i) Show that triangles AEC and FBE are congruent. [3]
(ii) State another triangle that is congruent to triangle AEC. [1]
(iii) Explain why EB is parallel to DF. [2]
(iv) Work out ABˆ E . [1]
9 Nov 2014 Paper 1 Q 8

Two bottles are geometrically similar. The ratio of the areas of their bases is 1 : 4.
Write down the ratios of their
(a) heights, [1]
(b) volumes. [1]
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10 Nov 2014 Paper 1 Q 13
In the diagram, BE = 5 cm, CD = 7cm and AE = 3cm. BE is parallel to CD.

(a) Express CD as a percentage of BE. [1]
(b) Find ED. [2]
11 Jun 2015 Paper 1 Q 10

These two triangles are congruent. The lengths are in centimetres, correct to the nearest 0.1 cm.
Find p and q. [2]
12 Nov 2015 Paper 1 Q 13
These two quadrilaterals are congruent. The lengths are in millimetres.

Find the values of x, y and z. [3]
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13 Jun 2016 Paper 1 Q 19
AB is a diameter of the circle, centre O.

PA and QB are tangents to the circle at A and B respectively.
Prove that triangle PAO is congruent to triangle QBO.
Give a reason for each statement you make. [3]
14 Nov 2016 Paper 2 Q 5
In the diagram, A and B are the centres of two circles that touch at P.
The line ACT touches the small circle at T and intersects the large circle at C.
D is the point on AB such that CDˆ A = 90°.
(a) Complete the following, to show that triangle ACD is similar to triangle ABT.
In triangle ACD and triangle ABT
angle DAC = angle ................ (same angle)
angle CDA = angle ................. (..................................................................)
angle ACD = angle ................. (two angles in a triangle are equal,
so the third angles are equal)
Because the three pairs of angles are equal, the triangles are similar. [2]
(b) Given that the radii of the circles are 7cm and 3 cm, calculate CD. [3]
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Answer Key
1 7
9
4
10
5 11
12
6
13
14
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SIMILARITY AND

1 Jun 2011 Paper 1 Q 10

2 Nov 2011 Paper 1 Q 20

(b) Find BC. [1]

area of triangle ABC

3 Nov 2011 Paper 2 Q 9

In Diagram I, ABCD is a square. P and Q are the midpoints of AD and AB respectively.

In Diagram II, QC and PB intersect at M. Show that BMˆ C = 90°.

(iii) Given that QM = 3 cm,

(b) show that MN = 6 cm, [1]

(c) find MC, [1]

(d) find the area of triangle APB. [2]

4 Nov 2012 Paper 1 Q 18

(b) triangle ABC, [1]

(c) triangle ABP. [1]

5 Nov 2012 Paper 2 Q 4(b)

6 Nov 2013 Paper 1 Q 26

(b) AB = 4cm, BD = 6cm and AD = 4.2cm.

area of triangle ABD

7 Nov 2013 Paper 2 Q 4(b)

A circle centre P and a circle centre Q intersect at R and S.

(b) Find PTˆR . [1]

8 Jun 2014 Paper 2 Q 11(a)

(ii) State another triangle that is congruent to triangle AEC. [1]

(iii) Explain why EB is parallel to DF. [2]

(iv) Work out ABˆ E . [1]

9 Nov 2014 Paper 1 Q 8

(b) volumes. [1]

10 Nov 2014 Paper 1 Q 13

In the diagram, BE = 5 cm, CD = 7cm and AE = 3cm. BE is parallel to CD.

(b) Find ED. [2]

11 Jun 2015 Paper 1 Q 10

Find p and q. [2]

12 Nov 2015 Paper 1 Q 13

These two quadrilaterals are congruent. The lengths are in millimetres.

13 Jun 2016 Paper 1 Q 19

AB is a diameter of the circle, centre O.

14 Nov 2016 Paper 2 Q 5

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