MARPOL 73/78

1954-IMO implemented OILPOL.

1967-The wreck of Torrey canyon sparked controversy and

resulted in a series of conventions, includingfurther
amendments to the 1954 Convention, which were adopted in
1969.

1971-The International Convention for the prevention of pollution of the sea by oil, 1954, (OILPOL) was
amended again, however it was generally felt that an entirely new instrument was required to control
pollution of the seas by ships.

1973-IMO convened a major conference to discuss the whole problem of marine pollution by ships. It
resulted in the adoption of the first ever comprehensive anti-pollution convention, the International
Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships and thus MARPOL was born with the objective of
minimizing pollution of the oceans and seas and preserve the marine environment.

1978-IMO convened a Conference on Tanker Safety and Pollution Prevention, which adopted a protocol to
the 1973 MARPOL Convention introducing further and stricter measures which included requirements for
certain operational techniques and a number of modified constructional requirements. The Protocol of 1978
relating to the 1973 MARPOL Convention in effect absorbs the parent Convention with modifications. This
combined instrument is commonly referred to as MARPOL 73/78 and came into effect in October 1983. The
Convention has been amended as required on several occasions since then.
 MARPOL 73/78 Annex I

Regulations for the prevention of Pollution by Oil from ships

Waste oil generated in a ship originates from several systems, such as the sludge, slop, bilge, and ballast water system.
The input of oil to the sea from ship operations is due to illegal and legal discharges.

Generally, ship generated oily waste can either be delivered to shore, incinerated onboard, legally or/and illegally
discharged to sea.

Oil tankers transport some 1,800 million tonnes of crude oil around the world by sea including 50 percent of U.S. oil
imports (crude oil and refined products). Most of the time, oil is transported quietly and safely. Measures introduced
by IMO have helped ensure that the majority of oil tankers are safely built and operated and are constructed to reduce
the amount of oil spilled in the event of an accident. Operational pollution, such as from routine tank cleaning
operations, has also been cut.

An International Oil Pollution Prevention Certificate (IOPP) shall be issued, after an initial or renewal survey in
accordance with the provisions of regulation 6 of this Annex, to any oil tanker of 150 gross tonnage and above and any
other ships of 400 gross tonnage and above which are engaged in voyages to ports or offshore terminals under the
jurisdiction of other Parties to the present Convention.

REQUIREMENTS FOR MACHINERY SPACES OF ALL SHIPS

Control of Operational Discharge of Oil

1. Discharges outside special areas

Any discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixtures from ships of 400 gross tonnage and above shall be prohibited except
when all the following conditions are satisfied:

 the ship is proceeding en route;

 the oily mixture is processed through an oil filtering equipment meeting the requirements of this Annex;
 the oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 parts per million;
 the oily mixture does not originate from cargo pump room bilges on oil tankers;
 the oily mixture, in case of oil tankers, is not mixed with oil cargo residues.
2. Discharges in special areas

Any discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixtures from ships of 400 gross tonnage and above shall be prohibited except
when all of the following conditions are satisfied:

1. the ship is proceeding en route;

2. the oily mixture is processed through an oil filtering equipment meeting the requirements of this Annex;

3. the oil content of the effluent without dilution does not exceed 15 parts per million;

4. the oily mixture does not originate from cargo pump room bilges on oil tankers;

5. the oily mixture, in case of oil tankers, is not mixed with oil cargo residues.

In respect of the Antarctic area, any discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixtures from any ship shall be prohibited.

Oil Filtering Equipment

Any ship of 400 gross tonnage and above shall be fitted with oil filtering equipment.

 Oil filtering equipment shall be of a design approved by the Administration and shall be such as will ensure that
:
 any oily mixture discharged into the sea after passing through the system has an oil content not exceeding 15
parts per million.
 shall be provided with alarm arrangement to indicate when this level cannot be maintained.
 The system shall also be provided with arrangements to ensure that any discharge of oily mixtures is
automatically stopped when the oil content of the effluent exceeds 15 parts per million.

Oil Record Book, Part I - Machinery Space Operations

 Every oil tanker of 150 gross tonnage and above and every ship of 400 gross tonnage and above other than an
oil tanker shall be provided with an Oil Record Book Part I (Machinery Space Operations).
 It shall be preserved for a period of three years after the last entry has been made.
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CARGO AREA OF OIL TANKERS

Control of Operational Discharge of Oil

1. Discharges outside special areas

Any discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixtures from the cargo area of an oil tanker, shall be prohibited except when all
the following conditions are satisfied:

 the tanker is not within a special area;

 the tanker is more than 50 nautical miles from the nearest land;
 the tanker is proceeding en route;
 the instantaneous rate of discharge of oil content does not exceed 30 litres per nautical mile;
 the total quantity of oil discharged into the sea does not exceed for tankers delivered on or before 31 December
1979 1/15,000 of the total quantity of the particular cargo of which the residue formed a part, and for tankers
delivered after 31 December 1979 1/30,000 of the total quantity of the particular cargo of which the residue
formed a part;
 the tanker has in operation an oil discharge monitoring and control system and a slop tank arrangement as
required by this Annex.

The provisions of this regulation shall not apply to the discharge of clean or segregated ballast.

2. Discharges in special areas

Any discharge into the sea of oil or oily mixture from the cargo area of an oil tanker shall be prohibited while in a
special area.

The provisions of this regulation shall not apply to the discharge of clean or segregated ballast.

Oil Discharge Monitoring and Control System

a) Oil tankers of 150 gross tonnage and above shall be equipped with an oil discharge monitoring and control system
approved by the Administration.

b) The system shall be fitted with a recording device to provide:

 a continuous record of the discharge in litres per nautical mile

and total quantity discharged, or the oil content and rate of discharge.

 This record shall be identifiable as to time and date and shall be kept for at least three years.

c) The oil discharge monitoring and control system shall come into operation when there is any discharge of effluent
into the sea and shall be such as will ensure that any discharge of oily mixture is automatically stopped when the
instantane-ous rate of discharge of oil exceeds that permitted by this Annex.

d) Any failure of this monitoring and control system shall stop the discharge.
Oil Record Book, Part II - Cargo/Ballast Operations

 Every oil tanker of 150 gross tonnage and above shall be provided with an Oil Record
Book Part II (Cargo/Ballast Operations).

 It shall be preserved for a period of three years after the last entry has been made.

Slop Tanks

 Oil tankers of 150 gross tonnage and above shall be provided with slop tank arrangements.
 The total capacity of the slop tank or tanks shall not be less than 3 per cent of the oil carrying capacity of the
ship.

Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan (SOPEP)

Every oil tanker of 150 gross tonnage and above and every ship other than an oil tanker of 400 gross tonnage and above
shall carry on board a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan approved by the Administration.

The plan shall consist at least of:

 the procedure to be followed by the master or other persons having charge of the ship to report an oil pollution
incident;
 the list of authorities or persons to be contacted in the event of an oil pollution incident;
 a detailed description of the action to be taken immediately by persons on board to reduce or control the
discharge of oil following the incident;
 the procedures and point of contact on the ship for co-ordinating shipboard action with national and local
authorities in combating the pollution.

Special Areas

Special area means a sea area where for recognized technical reasons in relation to its oceanographical and ecological
condition and to the particular character of its traffic the adoption of special mandatory methods for the prevention of
sea pollution by oil is required.

For the purposes of this Annex, the special areas are defined as follows:

1. the Mediterranean Sea area;

2. the Baltic Sea area;
3. the Black Sea area;
4. the Red Sea area;
5. the Gulfs area;
6. the Gulf of Aden area;
7. the Antarctic area;
8. the North West European waters include the North Sea and its approaches, the Irish Sea and its approaches, the
Celtic Sea, the English Channel and its approaches and part of the North East Atlantic immediately to the west of
Ireland;
9. the Oman area of the Arabian Sea.
10. Southern South African waters
 MARPOL 73/78 Annex II

Regulations for the control of Pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances (NLS)

An International Pollution Prevention Certificate for the Carriage of Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk shall be issued,
after an initial or renewal survey in accordance with the provisions of regulation 8 of this Annex, to any ship intended to
carry noxious liquid substances in bulk and which is engaged in voyages to ports or terminals under the jurisdiction of
other Parties to the Convention.

Main Features of MARPOL 73/78, Annex II

Substances posing a threat of harm to the marine environment are divided into three

categories, X, Y and Z. Category X substances are those posing the greatest threat to the marine environment, whilst
Category Z substances are those posing the smallest threat.

Annex II prohibits the discharge into the sea of any effluent containing substances falling under these categories, except
when the discharge is made under conditions which are specified in detail for each Category. These conditions include,
where applicable, such parameters as:

 the maximum quantity of substances per tank which may be discharged into the sea;
the speed of the ship during the discharge;

 the minimum distance from the nearest land during discharge;

 the minimum depth of water at sea during discharge; and
 the need to effect the discharge below the waterline.
Categorization of Noxious Liquid Substances and Other Substances

For the purpose of the regulations of Annex II, Noxious Liquid Substances shall be divided into four categories as follows:

Category X: Noxious Liquid Substances which, if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations,
are deemed to present a major hazard to either marine resources or human health and, therefore, justify the
prohibition of the discharge into the marine environment;

Category Y: Noxious Liquid Substances which, if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations,
are deemed to present a hazard to either marine resources or human health or cause harm to amenities or other
legitimate uses of the sea and therefore justify a limitation on the quality and quantity of the discharge into the marine
environment;

Category Z: Noxious Liquid Substances which, if discharged into the sea from tank cleaning or deballasting operations,
are deemed to present a minor hazard to either marine resources or human health and therefore justify less stringent
restrictions on the quality and quantity of the discharge into the marine environment;

Other Substances: substances indicated as OS (Other Substances) in the pollution category column of chapter 18 of the
International Bulk Chemical Code which

have been evaluated and found to fall outside Category X, Y or Z because they are, at present, considered to present no
harm to marine resources, human health, amenities or other legitimate uses of the sea when discharged into the sea
from tank cleaning of deballasting operations.
Procedures and Arrangements Manual (P&A Manual)

Every ship certified to carry substances of Category X, Y or Z shall have on board a Manual approved by the
Administration.

The main purpose of the Manual is to identify for the ship’s officers the physical arrangements and all the operational
procedures with respect to cargo handling, tank cleaning, slops handling and cargo tank ballasting and deballasting
which must be followed in order to comply with the requirements of the Annex.

Shipboard Marine Pollution Emergency Plan for Noxious Liquid Substances

Every ship of 150 gross tonnage and above certified to carry Noxious Liquid Substances in bulk shall carry on board a
shipboard marine pollution emergency plan for Noxious Liquid Substances approved by the Administration.

The plan shall consist at least of:

 the procedure to be followed by the master or other persons having charge of the ship to report a Noxious
Liquid Substances pollution incident;

 the list of authorities or persons to be contacted in the event of a Noxious Liquid Substances pollution incident;

 a detailed description of the action to be taken immediately by persons on board to reduce or control the
discharge of Noxious Liquid Substances following the incident; and

 the procedures and point of contact on the ship for co-ordinating shipboard action with national and local
authorities in combating the pollution.
 MARPOL 73/78 Annex III

Regulations for the prevention of Pollution by harmful substances in packaged form

Legal Requirements

The regulations were developed in order to identify marine pollutants so that they could be packed and stowed on
board ship in such a way as to minimise accidental pollution as well as to aid recovery by using clear marks to
distinguish them from other (less harmful) cargoes.

The rules on discharging harmful goods are straightforward: "Jettisoning of harmful substances carried in packaged
form shall be prohibited, except where necessary for the purpose of securing the safety of the ship or saving life at
sea".

The Annex applies to all ships carrying harmful substances in packaged form, or in freight containers, portable tanks or
road and rail tank wagons.

However, implementation of the Annex was initially hampered by the lack of a clear definition of harmful substances
carried in packaged form. This was remedied by amendments to the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code
(IMDG Code) to include marine pollutants.

MARPOL 73/78 Annex IV

Regulations for the prevention of Pollution by Sewage from ships

An International Sewage Pollution Prevention Certificate shall be issued, after an initial or renewal survey in
accordance with the provisions of regulation 4 of this Annex, to any ship which is engaged in voyages to ports or
offshore terminals under the jurisdiction of other Parties to the Convention. In the case of existing ships this
requirement shall apply five years after the date of entry into force of this Annex.

Shipboard Sewage Pollution Sources

 drainage and other wastes from any form of toilets and urinals;
 drainage from medical premises (dispensary, sickbay, etc.) via wash basins, wash tubs and scuppers
located in such premises;
 drainage from spaces containing living animals;
 other waste waters when mixed with the drainages defined above. (Regulations not applicable to the
disposal of: drainage from dishwasher, shower, laundry, bath and washbasin drains - grey water).

Sewage Treatment Plant

The sewage treatment plant shall be approved by the Government of the State under whose authority the ship is
operating.

Sewage Comminuting and Disinfecting System

The sewage comminuting and disinfecting system shall be approved by the Government of the State under whose
authority the ship is operating.
Control of discharge sewage ( based on the type of equipment on the ship)

The discharge of sewage into the sea is prohibited , except when:

 the ship is discharging comminuted and disinfected sewage using an approved system at a distance of more
than 3 nm from the nearest land; or
 the ship is discharging sewage which is not comminuted and disinfected at a distance of more than 12 nm from
the nearest land, provided that in any case, the sewage stored in holding tanks or sewage originating from
spaces containing living animals, shall not be discharged instantaneously but at a moderate rate when ship is
en route and proceeding at not less than 4 knots; or
 the ship is discharging sewage using an approved sewage treatment plant.

Control of discharge sewage (based on discharge distance)

 while operating within 3 nm from the nearest land discharge prohibited unless properly treated in approved
sewage treatment plant
 discharge within 3-12 nm from nearest land must either: meet effluent requirements within 3 nm from nearest
land or the ship is discharging comminuted and disinfected sewage using an approved
comminuter/disinfection system
 discharge at a distance of more than 12 nm from nearest land must either: meet effluent requirements within
3 nm or within 3-12 nm from the nearest land or the sewage that has been stored in holding tanks shall not be
discharged instantaneously but at a moderate rate when the ship is en route and proceeding at not less than 4
knots.

Note: some countries have sewage „no discharge areas” regardless of how well it is treated.
 MARPOL 73/78 Annex V

Regulations for the prevention of Pollution by Garbage from ships

Legal Requirements

Garbage from ships can be just as deadly to marine life as oil or chemicals.

The greatest danger comes from plastic, which can float for years. Fish and marine mammals can in some cases
mistake plastics for food and they can also become trapped in plastic ropes, nets, bags and other items - even such
innocuous items as the plastic rings used to hold cans of beer and drinks together.

For a long while, many people believed that the oceans could absorb anything that was thrown into them, but this
attitude has changed along with greater awareness of the environment. Many items

can be degraded by the seas - but this process can take months or years, as the following table shows:

Source: Hellenic Marine Environment Protection Association (HELMEPA)

The special areas established under Annex V are:

1. the Mediterranean Sea

2. the Baltic Sea Area
3. the Black Sea area
4. the Red Sea Area
5. the Gulfs area
6. the North Sea
7. the Wider Caribbean Region and
8. Antarctic Area
Shipboard Waste Management

Every ship of 100 gross tonnage (instead of 400 GT required by the superseded MARPOL Annex V) and above, and
every ship which is certified to carry 15 or more persons, shall carry a garbage management plan containing
procedures on:

1. garbage minimization

2. garbage collection

3. garbage storage

4. garbage processing

5. garbage disposal

6. equipment used onboard for handling of garbage

7. the designation of the person or persons in charge for implementing the Garbage Management Plan.

In addition to the Garbage Management Plan every ship of 400 gross tonnage and above and every ship which is
certified to carry 15 or more persons engaged in voyages to ports which are under the jurisdiction of another Party to
the Convention should maintain a Garbage Record Book in the form specified in the appendix of the revised Annex.
According to revised MARPOL Annex V shipboard generated garbage is to be grouped into the following categories:

1. Plastics - Garbage that consists of or includes plastic in any form, including synthetic ropes, synthetic fishing nets,
plastic garbage bags and incinerator ashes from plastic products. Garbage under this category is prohibited to be
discharged at sea.

2. Food wastes – Spoiled or unspoiled food substances. Food wastes may be discharged at sea under specific
circumstances/requirements (refer to the simplified overview of the discharge provisions of the revised MARPOL
Annex V developed by IMO).

3. Domestic Wastes – Garbage generated mainly in the accommodation spaces on board the ship (e.g. drinking bottles,
papers, cardboard etc). Garbage under this category

is prohibited to be discharged at sea.

4. Cooking Oil – Edible oil or animal fat used for the preparation or cooking of food. Garbage under this category is
prohibited to be discharged at sea.

5. Incinerator ashes - Ash and clinkers resulting from shipboard incinerators used for the incineration of garbage.
Garbage under this category is prohibited to be discharged at sea.

6. Operational wastes - Solid wastes (including slurries) that are collected on board during normal maintenance or
operations of a ship, or used for cargo stowage and handling. Operational wastes also includes cleaning agents and
additives contained in cargo hold and external wash water that may be harmful to the aquatic environment.
Operational wastes does not include grey water, bilge water, or other similar discharges essential to the operation of a
ship (boiler/economizer blowdown, gas turbine washwater, machinery wastewater etc). Garbage under this category is
prohibited to be discharged at sea.
7. Cargo residues - Remnants of any cargo which remain on the deck or in holds following loading or unloading. This
category does not include cargo dust remaining on the deck after sweeping or dust on the external surfaces of the ship.
Such garbage may be discharged at sea under specific circumstances/requirements (refer to the simplified overview of
the discharge provisions of the revised MARPOL Annex V developed by IMO). It is essential to remember that besides
other requirements (e.g. distance from shore) cargo residues in order to be discharged at sea they should not be
harmful to the marine environment. Cargo residues which are considered harmful to the marine environment are
classified according to the criteria of the United Nations Globally Harmonized System for Classification and Labelling of
Chemicals (UN GHS) meeting parameters such as: acute aquatic toxicity category 1, chronic aquatic toxicity category,
carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, reproductive toxicity etc

8. Animal Carcasses – Bodies of any animals that are carried on board as cargo and that die or are euthanized during
the voyage. Discharge of such wastes permitted at sea under specific circumstances/requirements (refer to the
simplified overview of the discharge provisions of the revised MARPOL Annex V developed by IMO).

9. Fishing Gear - Physical device that may be placed on or in the water or on the sea-bed with the intended purpose of
capturing marine or fresh water organisms. Garbage under this category is prohibited to be discharged at sea.

Incinerators

Marine incinerators are predominantly designed for intermittent operation, hand fired and fed by hand. The ash or
vapor may be hazardous.

Training

Training should be provided for all crew members who are involved in operating the garbage processing equipment,
and handling and disposing of garbage as part of their operational responsibilities. Such a program should be reviewed
annually and should define what constitutes garbage and the applicable regulations for handling and disposal.

Material for training could include posters, brochures, photographs and video tapes.

Description of the garbage

Garbage is to be grouped into categories for the purposes of the Garbage Record Book (or ship's official log-book) as
follows:

Part I: All ships.

A. Plastics
B. Food wastes
C. Domestic wastes (e.g., paper products, rags, glass, metal, bottles, crockery, etc.)
D. Cooking oil
E. Incinerator Ashes
F. Operational wastes
G. Animal Carcass(es)
H.Fishing Gear
I. E-waste.
Part II: ships that carry solid bulk cargoes

J. Cargo residues (non.HME) – Harmful to the marine environment

K. Cargo residues (HME)

RECORD OF GARBAGE DISCHARGES

Name of ship Distinctive number or letters IMO No.

Master’s Signature: Date:

Annex V

Offshore platforms
(more than 12 nm
Ships outside special Ships within special
Type of garbage from land) and all
areas areas
ships within 500 m of
such platforms
Discharge permitted ≥3 Discharge permitted
Food waste comminuted nm from the nearest ≥12 nm from the Discharge permitted
or ground land, en route and as nearest land, en route
far as practicable and as far as
Discharge permitted
Food waste not ≥12 nm from the
comminuted or ground nearest land, en route Discharge prohibited Discharge prohibited
and as far as

Cargo residues1 not

Discharge prohibited Discharge prohibited
contained in wash water
Discharge permitted
≥12 nm from the
Discharge permitted
Cargo residues1 contained nearest land, en route ≥12 nm from the
and as far as
in wash water nearest land, en Discharge prohibited
practicable
route, as far as
practicable and
subject to two
additional conditions2
Discharge permitted
Cleaning agents and ≥12 nm from the
additives1 contained in nearest land, en
cargo hold wash water route, as far as Discharge prohibited
practicable and
Discharge permitted subject to two
additional conditions2
Cleaning agents and
additives1 in deck and
external surfaces Discharge permitted Discharge prohibited
wash water
Carcasses of animals Discharge permitted
carried on board as cargo as far from the
and which died during the nearest land as Discharge prohibited Discharge prohibited
voyage possible and en route
All other garbage
including plastics,
synthetic ropes, fishing
gear, plastic garbage
bags, incinerator ashes,
clinkers, cooking oil, Discharge prohibited Discharge prohibited Discharge prohibited
floating dunnage, lining
and packing materials,
paper, rags, glass, metal,
bottles, crockery and
similar refuse
When garbage is mixed with or contaminated by other substances
Mixed garbage prohibited from discharge or having different discharge requirements,
the more stringent requirements shall apply

1. These substances must not be harmful to the marine environment.

2. According to regulation 6.1.2 of MARPOL Annex V the discharge shall only be allowed if: (a) both the port of departure and
the next port of destination are within the special area and the ship will not transit outside the special area between these ports
 (regulation 6.1.2.2); and (b) if no adequate reception facilities are available at those ports (regulation 6.1.2.3).

MARPOL 73/78 Annex VI

Regulations for the prevention of Air Pollution from ships

The MARPOL Annex VI has four (4) Chapters with a total of 23 Regulations. The MARPOL Annex VI provides
requirements for the control of emissions from ships such as ozone depleting substances (ODS), nitrogen oxides (NOx),
sulphur oxides (SOx) and particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), greenhouse gases (GHG) and
other pollutants.

Further, it provides criteria and procedures in determining NOx, SOx and particulate matter (PM) emission control area
to any sea area as well as to any port area as designated by IMO.

Application

Apply to all ships of 400 gross tons and above which have to carry an International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate
(IAPP Certificate).

Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation 12)

In Regulation 12, deliberate emissions of ODS, which include halons and chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), are prohibited.
Also, new installations containing ODS are prohibited on all ships. But new installations containing hydro-
chlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) are permitted until 01 January 2020.

Ozone layer depletion causes increased UV radiation levels at the Earth’s surface, which is damaging to human health.
Negative effects include increases in certain types of skin cancers, eye cataracts and immune deficiency disorders.

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) (Regulation 13)

NOx emission from ships is formed from the reaction of nitrogen and oxygen gases in the air during combustion,
especially at high temperatures. NOx can cause breathing problems, headaches, chronically reduced lung function,
irritation and other health problems; contributes ocean acidification.

The control of diesel engine NOx emissions is achieved through the survey and certification requirements leading to
the issue of an Engine International Air Pollution Prevention (EIAPP) Certificate .
Emission Control Area where the adoption of special mandatory measures to control NOx or SOx …

Strict IMO 2016 regulation prescribe NOx limits less than 2 g/kWh compared with 17 g/kWh in 2000.

Sulphur oxides and Particulate Matter (SOx) (Regulation 14)

SOx are formed during combustion process in the engine of the ship due to the presence of sulphur in the fuel. SOx can
harm human respiratory system and make breathing difficult.

Limit of Sox outside ECA and inside ECA

depending on the outcome of a review, to be concluded in 2018, as to the availability of the required fuel oil, this date
could be deferred to 1 January 2025.
The ECA established are:

1. Baltic Sea area - as defined in Annex I of MARPOL (SOx only);

2. North Sea area - as defined in Annex V of MARPOL (SOx only);

3. North American area (entered into effect 1 August 2012) - as defined in Appendix VII of Annex VI of MARPOL (SOx,
NOx and PM); and

4. United States Caribbean Sea area (in effect from 1 January 2014) - as defined in Appendix VII of Annex VI of MARPOL
(SOx, NOx and PM).

Energy Efficiency Regulations Entered

into force on 1 January 2013

An International Air Pollution Prevention Certificate shall be issued, after an initial or renewal survey in
accordance with the provisions of regulation 5 of this Annex, to:

(a) any ship of 400 gross tonnage and above engaged in voyages to ports or offshore terminals under
the jurisdiction of other Parties; and
(b) platforms and drilling rigs engaged in voyages to waters under the sovereignty or jurisdiction of
other Parties to the Protocol of 1997.