POST AND TELECOMMUICATIONS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

CHAPTER 4

Design and install

embedded systems

Faculty: Computer science – IT1

 MAIN CONTENT

4.1. System design

4.2. Test installation
4.3. Complete product design

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 OVERVIEW OF EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN
v Points to consider when designing HTN include:
v A system with components:
§ Processor
§ Memory
§ Peripherals
v Integrated system:
§ Microcontroller
§ Expanded microcontroller
§ Microprocessor based
§ Board based
v Software:
§ System software
§ Embedded application software, embedded application
algorithms.
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 Chapter 4: EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN

4.1 SYSTEM DESIGN

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 System design

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 System design

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 System design

performance attributes

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 System design

hardware testable properties

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 System design

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 System design

Example of building an embedded system performance

scenario :

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 Embedded System Design Phases

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 Hardware and software design planning

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 Embedded System design process
Design rules
v Knowledge base for HTN design: Computer science and electronic
engineering
v Circuit design with Verilog or VHDL hardware language (FPGA, ASIC);
v Technological capabilities and hardware technological limitations.
v The design must target specific application objects with the following trends:
§ Increased program code size: 16 – 64 KB up to 64kB to 512 KB
§ Reusing hardware (CPUs, micro-controllers, DSPs) and software (device drivers)
components,
§ There is high integration in one system (DSP, network, RF, 32-bit CPU,
Intelligent Input/Output-I2O type IO processors).
v Use available software, reusable software, open source code.
v Programming technology (programming languages, software development
systems);
v Circuit design (VLSI, ASIC format), electronic system design (digital,
analog);
v Real-time processing system (hard real-time, soft real-time).

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 Embedded System design process
Design steps
v Building Embedded System specifications and modeling Embedded systems will
design and experiment with algorithms
v Gather and describe basic hardware: base connection, communications,
microelectronics application computing technology, memory technology, devices
connected to the system.
v The software system will include: device control, middleware, operating system,
application software
v Partition and select parts of the design: hardware, software
v Use design simulation tools to run hardware and software simulations
v Critical software and hardware (time constraints) require testing and adjustment
v Test on hardware board (prototype) with selected CPU.
v Troubleshoot and tweak hardware and software;
v Complete the product.

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 Chapter 4: EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN

4.2 INSTALLATION AND TESTING

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 Install and test
v Select CPU for design
§ Based on analyzing HTN requirements => Determine CPU
features
§ Criteria for CPU selection:
• What types of peripherals (sensors) will the EMBEDDED SYSTEM
connect to?
• How many programs and data space is needed for the system?
• How many interrupts does the system need?
• How many input/output ports will the design use?
• Which type of processing has the most critical-time constraints that the
CPU must perform?
• What types of development tools (for both hardware and software) are
available for the CPU to choose from?
• In the case of CPU on board, what is the actual cost?
• Are there any types of available devices that can be integrated into the
current system?
• How will the software work with the hardware and vice versa?….

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 Install and test
v Select Memory for design
§ Two issues in choosing Memory for embedded systems:
• Memory type and operating control technique,
• Content protection mechanism (separation between system memory
segments for the Operating System and segments for applications).
§ Criteria for selecting Memory for embedded systems:
• Memory technology
• CPU compatible
v Pair the device
§ Pairing devices in embedded systems includes:
• Similar information(analog)
• Digital information is digitized using functional microchips(ADC/DAC).
• Data communication
• Connection techniques (serial, parallel, DMA...)

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 Install and test
v Software Development
§ Write source code for EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
§ Operating system for EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
§ Download software to hardware
v Troubleshooting and simulation
§ Low level simulation
§ Troubleshooting on the board
§ Troubleshooting at the task level
§ Troubleshooting symbols
§ Optimize code
§ Xray –Look for radiographic errors
§ System development and simulation techniques
§ …

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 Install and test
v Embedded System development example
1) Board design with options:
§ CPU Intel 8085/8086,
§ ROM, RAM
§ Peripheral microcircuits : 74257, 74 244, 74245, 7474, 8253,
8255, 8237, UART 8250/16450/16550
2) http://www.beyondlogic.org/serial/serial2.htm
3) Developed HTN with Intel 8051 micro controller with KEIL Soft software.
4) EMBEDDED SYSTEM with PIC :
http://www.microchip.com/stellent/idcplg?IdcService=SS_GET_PAGE&nodeId=212
3&param=en022497
Currently on the market there is a board with PIC 16F877 with Development System software
for sale for 900,000.00 VND, suitable for practicing writing application programs. Once
proficient, you can design hardware with discrete microchips and develop specific
applications from simple to complex.
§ …
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 Install and test
v Embedded System development
example
1) Hackster.io –Develop embedded system
projects:https://www.hackster.io/projects

2) Instructables.com – Community for people

who enjoy making and implementing
embedded systems

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 Chapter 4: EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN

4.3 COMPLETE PRODUCT DESIGN

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 Design and develop product designs

§ Product design needs attention :

§ Product aesthetics
§ Size, weight, style and color
§ Select materials for product shells
§ Protection against external impacts such as drops and water.
§ Limit the cost of the product

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 Embedded product development lifecycle

§ Embedded product
development lifecycle
§ EDLC - embedded product
development life cycle :
“analysis-design-installation”

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